Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Assessment

July 2019

This report was prepared by the Parks and Open Space Division of the City of Eugene’s Public Works Department

Contents Introduction ...... 3 Background and Regulatory Requirements ...... 3 Table 1. TMDL Listed Water Bodies and TMDL Pollutants, From the City’s TMDL Implementation Plan ...... 3 Maintenance and Riparian Planting History ...... 4 Figure 1. Drawing depicting current "greenpiping" maintenance strategy (drawing by Emily Proudfoot)...... 5 Amazon Basin Planting Summary 2014‐2018 ...... 6 TABLE 2. Native tree, willow and other shrub species commonly included in City planting plans...... 7 TABLE 3. Summary of Native Tree and Shrub Plantings...... 8 Streamside Shading Assessment Methodology ...... 9 Figure 2. Example of reach planted with willow...... 9 Figure 3. Screen shot of ArcGIS online showing willow inventory data for a sample reach of Amazon Creek. 10 Figure 4. Eugene Outdoors interns conducting riparian tree inventory with iPads...... 11 Figure 5. Screen shot of ArcGIS online showing tree inventory data for a sample reach of Amazon Creek. .... 12 Figure 6. Image showing location of willow lines vs. tree polygons...... 13 Photopoint Monitoring ...... 14 Figure 7. Photo point monitoring photos taken in 2013 (left photo) and 2018 (right photo) at Polk Street. ... 14 Amazon Basin Planting opportunities ...... 14 TABLE 4. Proposed Tree Planting Project Timeline and Locations for 2020‐2024 ...... 15 Summary ...... 17 Contact Information ...... 17 Acknowledgements ...... 17 Appendix A. Amazon Basin Maps ...... 18 Appendix B. Amazon Creek Photopoint Monitoring ...... 19

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 2 Introduction Since 2002, the City of Eugene has planted over 4,170 trees and plugged willows along 102,791 linear feet of Amazon Creek and its tributaries to enhance streamside shading. The purpose of this document is to provide the following:  brief regulatory and historic context to the City’s streamside shading efforts,  a summary of the riparian plantings that have taken place along the Amazon Creek and its tributaries since the 2014 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Assessment, and  a list of priority reaches to target for streamside shading over the next five years.

This document is intended primarily as an in‐house tool to document and guide streamside shading efforts by the City of Eugene’s Park and Open Space Division.

Background and Regulatory Requirements In Eugene, the , Amazon Creek and several of its tributaries do not meet certain water quality standards for parameters including bacteria, mercury, temperature, dissolved oxygen and turbidity. In 2006, as required by federal Clean Water Act, the Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) established Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) for these impaired waterways (Table 1) and received approval from the EPA for the Willamette Basin TMDL. In 2008, the City of Eugene in turn received approval from DEQ for its TMDL Implementation Plan. This plan, required by all municipalities and agencies that discharge water (e.g. stormwater, treated wastewater) into impaired waterways, described measurable actions that, when implemented, would allow the City to meet pollution reduction goals within its jurisdiction. As part of this initial plan, the City committed to planting 4,000 linear feet of willow and 400 trees annually along Amazon Creek, to meet the streamside shading goals. Between 2008 and 2014 a total of 2,900 trees and nearly 63,000 linear feet of willow were planted along Amazon Creek, primarily on City‐owned reaches.

Table 1. TMDL Listed Water Bodies and TMDL Pollutants, From the City’s TMDL Implementation Plan Subbasin Waterbody Name River Miles Parameter Season

Upper Willamette Willamette River 50.6 to 186.5 Temperature Year Round Upper Fall/Winter/ Willamette Willamette River 0 to 186.4 Bacteria Spring Upper Willamette Willamette River 174.5 to 186.4 Mercury Year Round Upper mouth to Willamette A3 Channel headwaters Bacteria Year Round Upper Willamette Amazon Creek 0 to 22.6 Bacteria Year Round Upper Amazon Creek Willamette Diversion Channel 0 to 3.5 Bacteria Year Round Upper Amazon Creek Willamette Diversion Channel 0 to 3.5 Mercury Year Round

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 3 Upper Amazon Diversion Spring/Summer/ Willamette Channel 0 to 1.8 Dissolved Oxygen Fall Upper Fall/Winter/ Willamette / 0 to 24.2 Bacteria Spring Upper Fern Ridge Reservoir 24.2 to 31.8 Turbidity Year Round Willamette /Long Tom River Upper Willamette Long Tom River 0 to 24.2 Temperature Summer

In 2014 the City submitted its TMDL Fifth Annual Report and Review to DEQ for review. That document was reviewed and accepted as the City’s Updated TMDL Implementation Plan. Included in the five‐year report was the first Amazon Streamside Shading Assessment, which summarized previous planting efforts, evaluated the success of those plantings, and identified additional streamside shading opportunities. This first ever summary of the City’s riparian planting efforts showed that most of the high priority (south and west banks), City‐owned reaches of Amazon Creek had been planted. It also indicated that streamside trees were taking a long time to mature and that shifting some of the focus to the maintenance of past plantings was warranted. As a result, the 2014 Updated TMDL Plan included several changes related to the streamside shading goals. Specifically, the new plan calls for planting 200 trees and 2,000 linear feet of willow along waterways within the Amazon Basin. This includes tributaries such as the A‐2 and A‐3 Channels, Roosevelt Channel, and other smaller waterways, in addition to Amazon Creek. The new plan also added an activity aimed at enhancing streamside shading on private property in the Amazon Basin by coordinating with partner such as the Long Tom Watershed Council (LTWC).

In December of 2018, the City submitted its TMDL Year 10 Report, which includes a five‐year review that once again provides opportunities for the City to propose changes to the TMDL Plan for the upcoming five‐year period. Until that is approved by DEQ, the City will continue to operate under the 2014 Updated TMDL Implementation Plan.

For more detailed information on the City’s TMDL Plan please visit www.eugene‐or.gov and navigate to the NPDES Municipal Stormwater Permit page. The list of links on the right‐hand side of the page includes a link to the current TMDL plan near the bottom.

Amazon Creek Maintenance and Riparian Planting History Most of Amazon Creek and its tributaries that occur in the valley floor of Eugene are highly modified urban streams that were channelized in the 1950s by the Army Corps of Engineers as part of the Amazon Creek Flood Damage Reduction Project. The channelization created waterways that are generally disconnected from their floodplains and in many cases were armored with rock to reduce erosion and insure conveyance. In most places, the upper banks along these modified creeks consist of rocky, poor quality soils that appear to be made up of the material that was dug from the channel bottoms. This results in banks that are well drained and are perched well above summer water levels, making the establishment of riparian trees challenging. Furthermore, up until the late 1990s, waterway maintenance practices had a single objective of ensuring maximum conveyance capacity. This consisted primarily of excavating the banks and bottoms of open waterways to bare soil using

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 4 large mechanized equipment to remove any debris, sediment and vegetation which might be deemed an impedance to flow or that would reduce the cross‐sectional area of the waterway. These practices certainly did not allow for the establishment of native vegetation and they favored the growth of invasive species such as blackberry, Scotch broom, and reed canary grass. In the early 2000s the City adopted a multi‐objective approach to waterway maintenance that includes water quality and habitat considerations, in addition to conveyance. Current practices include controlling invasive species, planting native trees and willow, as well as pruning of vegetation low in the channel (“greenpiping”) to allow for conveyance (see Figure 1). The City no longer uses heavy equipment to maintain waterways, except to repair significant bank failures or to conduct larger restoration projects. For more information on current City of Eugene waterway maintenance practices, please see the 2014 Open Waterway Maintenance Plans.

Figure 1. Drawing depicting current "greenpiping" maintenance strategy (drawing by Emily Proudfoot).

The City’s strategy for streamside shading has been to plant willows at the toe of slope and trees at the top of slope. Willows are easy to establish at the base of the slope where they can readily access ground water. The exception is where bank armoring using rock has occurred. In those areas willows are plugged in between, above or below, if at all feasible. Willow planting on narrower reaches of Amazon Creek and its tributaries (e.g. Upper Amazon Creek, A‐3 Channel upstream of Beltline, Roosevelt Channel) has proven to be a very effective way to shade those waterways since willows mature more quickly than trees planted at top of slope. For waterways that are only 3‐4 feet wide (such as Roosevelt Channel) willows are only planted on the south or west sides. This will allow for shading but will reduce the need to do as much pruning to maintain conveyance during high flows. Generally, these waterways are small enough that high flows are not likely to cause scouring of the unplanted north bank, however staff will monitor for this.

Past tree planting efforts focused on the top of bank primarily because invasive species control using rough mowers, tree planting with volunteers, and tree establishment (mulching, watering, weeding) are all more feasible on flat ground than on steep slopes. In 2017 and 2018 the City started experimenting with tree and shrub plantings on slopes in areas where blackberry and other invasive

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 5 species control had already taken place. The availability of plastic tree watering bags that can be anchored on the slope and which allow water to be delivered in a slow drip to the base of these plantings has also made these mid‐slope plantings more viable. If these mid‐slope plantings prove successful, this may open up new areas where Parks and Open Spaces can focus riparian planting efforts. Mid‐slope plantings may provide benefit more quickly due to their closer proximity to the waterway adjacent to which they are planted.

Table 2 shows the list of species that the City typically uses in riparian plantings. This list may be adjusted year to year depending on plant availability, what species are already present on a site, and success of a species in past plantings. It is anticipated that this list may change even more in the future as City staff refine which species are the most resilient to climate change in this region or that will not be susceptible to catastrophic insect infestations or disease. One example of this is that the City has drastically reduced the number of Oregon ash planted in the Amazon basin with the expectation that emerald ash borer will appear in Oregon and will decimate Oregon ash along our waterways. It is likely that at the City will discontinue planting Oregon ash in the future.

While contract crews have implemented most of the willow planting, the City has relied on the Eugene Outdoors program (formerly known as Eugene Park Stewards and, prior to that, Stream Team) to plant trees using volunteers, school groups, and community service groups. These public tree planting events are a great way for the City to build relationships with the community and give neighbors and other participants a strong connection with Eugene’s waterways, both of which are important for the long‐term stewardship of these areas. In addition to Parks and Open Spaces streamside shading efforts, larger capital projects that incorporate tree and willow plantings as part of stream or floodplain restoration work are important in achieving long term streamside shading and water quality goals.

Amazon Basin Planting Summary 2014‐2018 Over the past five years, the City has planted 1,590 native trees and 40,265 linear feet of native willows in the Amazon Basin. This includes 519 trees planted along the mainstem Amazon Creek. An additional 651 trees were planted along the A‐2 Channel, 270 adjacent to the A‐3 Channel, 100 along the Roosevelt Channel and 50 along the Diversion Channel in West Eugene. Most of the trees were planted by volunteers through the Eugene Outdoors program although the Amazon Widening project between Chambers and Garfield completed by Public Works Engineering included the planting of 299 trees and 3,000 linear feet of bank by a contractor. Table 3 summarizes the reaches that were planted between 2015 and 2019 including year planted, total number of trees, and the total linear feet of bank planted with willows or other native shrub species.

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 6 TABLE 2. Native tree, willow and other shrub species commonly included in City planting plans. Tree species Common Name Latin Name Location on Bank Big leaf maple Acer macropyllum upper White alder Alnus rhombifolia mid‐slope Red alder Alnus rubra lower slope Suksdor's hawthorn Crataegus suksdorfii upper Oregon ash* Fraxinus latifolia lower to mid‐slope Western crabapple Malus fusca upper Ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa upper Black cottonwood Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa mid‐slope Choke cherry Prunus virginiana mid to upper Oregon white oak Quercus garryana upper California black oak Quercus kelloggii upper Cascara Rhamnus purshiana upper *Note that the City has been phasing out planting of Oregon ash (see narrative on page 6 for more information).

Willow species Common Name Latin Name Location on Bank Hooker's willow Salix hookeriana lower slope Pacific willow Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra lower slope Scouler's willow Salix scouleriana lower slope Soft‐leaved willow Salix sessifolia lower slope Sitka willow Salix sitchensis lower slope

Other native shrubs species Common Name Latin Name Location on Bank Western serviceberry Amelanchier alnifolia upper Red‐osier dogwood Cornus sericea lower slope Tall Oregon grape Mahonia aquifolium mid to upper Osoberry Oemlaria cerasiformis mid to upper Bitter cherry Prunus emarginata mid to upper Nootka rose Rosa nutkana mid to upper Blue elderberry Sambucus cerulea mid to upper Douglas spirea Spirea douglasii lower slope Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus mid to upper

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 7

TABLE 3. Summary of Native Tree and Shrub Plantings Willows Year Sub‐ Bank Planted Bank Planted Reach Waterway Ownership # Trees /shrubs Planted reach (Trees) (Willows) (ln ft) 2015 1 a A‐2 Channel ‐ Beltline to Golden Gardens City Both ‐‐ Both 5400 2015 7 a Amazon ‐ Chambers to Garfield (Engineering project) City Both 299 Both 3000 2015 1 a Roosevelt Channel (near Baxter) City Both 30 Both ‐‐ 2015 2 b Roosevelt Channel by EWEB EWEB Both 60 Both 1500 2015 Planting subtotals # Trees= 389 Ln ft= 9900 2016 8 a Amazon ‐ City View to Oak Patch City South 190 South ‐‐ 2016 Greenhill Trib ‐ Throne Detention Ponds City Both ‐‐ Both 750 2016 1 a Roosevelt Channel (near Baxter) City Both 10 Both 6500 2016 Planting subtotals # Trees= 200 Ln ft= 7250 2017 1 a A‐2 Channel ‐ Beltline to Golden Gardens City South 352 Both ‐‐ 2017 1 b A‐2 Channel ‐ Golden Gardens to Minnesota City/ Private Both‐‐Both8080 2017 Planting subtotals # Trees= 352 Ln ft= 8080 2018 1 a A‐2 Channel ‐ Beltline to Golden Gardens City South 50 South ‐‐ 2018 1 a A‐3 Channel ‐ Seneca to Grimes City/ BLM Both 270 Both ‐‐ 2018 10 a Amazon ‐ Bailey Hill to W11th City South 30 South ‐‐ 2018 10 d Amazon ‐ Bertelsen to Beltline City North ‐‐ North 5000 2018 10 c Amazon ‐ W11th to Bertelsen City Both ‐‐ Both 2000 2018 11 Amazon Diversion Channel (Meadowlark Prairie) City West 50 West ‐‐ 2018 Planting subtotals # Trees= 400 Ln ft= 7000 2019 1 a A‐2 Channel ‐ Beltline to Golden Gardens City South 129 South 285 2019 1 b A‐2 Channel ‐ Golden Gardens to Ohio St City South 120 South ‐‐ 2019 2 a A‐2 Channel ‐ Terry St to Ohio St City/ Private Both ‐‐ Both 4550 2019 2 b A‐3 Channel ‐ Bertelsen to RR ODOT/ OW easement West ‐‐ West 3200 2019 Planting subtotals # Trees= 249 Ln ft= 8035

5 year totals = # Trees= 1,590 Linear feet= 40,265

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 8 Streamside Shading Assessment Methodology The 2014 Amazon Basin Shading Assessment was the first attempt by the City to summarize past planting efforts, evaluate the success of those plantings, identify any adaptive management needed to improve planting success, and identify future streamside shading opportunities. The willow and tree data shown in the maps in the 2014 report were based on records of past tree plantings, as well as some on the ground mapping. To get at the success of the tree planting efforts, Parks and Open Space staff developed riparian tree monitoring protocols modeled after the Oregon Riparian Assessment Framework outlined by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watershed (published in July 2004 and available online). Field staff conducted assessment on past tree planting reaches, using data sheets and printed maps. All the data was manually entered into spreadsheets and the data analyzed to produce the tables and graphs found in that report. While the tree survival and vigor data from those efforts were interesting, the most useful features of the 2014 Assessment were the maps showing what reaches had been planted and which had not. These maps, along with the table showing the reach‐by‐reach planting needs, allowed staff to develop five‐year strategies for both tree and willow planting.

For this most recent update staff wanted to use available technology to inventory past plantings and to track tree survival and health with the “click of a button”. For the willow inventory staff walked most reaches of Amazon Creek and sections of its tributaries and used the Arc GIS Online Collector app on an iPad to record willow cover, looking at linear stretches of willow rather than at individual plants. The following data were collected: stream reach, ownership, planted/not planted/need to replant, date planted (if known), willow age, bank aspect, length (of that linear stretch), willow height, condition, damage (beaver, storm), maintenance needed, and whether planting was done by staff or a contractor (see Figures 2 and 3).

Figure 2. Example of reach planted with willow. 2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 9

Figure 3. Screen shot of ArcGIS online showing willow inventory data for a sample reach of Amazon Creek.

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 10 The data collected in the field were updated back in the office to include planted dates based on staff records. Any reaches not walked by staff were updated using a desktop version of Arc GIS Online with high resolution aerial images. While the height and condition of the willows could not be easily determined from the desktop mapping, any willows older than 3 years old and in good health were easily visible in the aerial photos.

Inventorying of the riparian trees was a bit more complicated and time consuming. Staff used the City’s existing urban forestry tree inventory program in Arc GIS Online with just a couple minor additions to several of the fields. Three summer Eugene Outdoors interns were then trained to use iPads and Collector to inventory all trees planted in previous Amazon shading efforts, as well as any already well‐established trees in those same reaches (Figure 4). The data collected included the following: species, diameter (inches), height (feet), canopy width (feet), tree condition, year planted (if known), and any observed damage. Diameter, height and canopy width were all visual estimates and not measured precisely. Since some of the data fields in the urban forestry tree inventory program are more relevant to urban street trees, any data fields that were not needed were left blank. Figure 5 shows what the screen looks like for the desktop version, where individual dots represent trees, each one of which has data and photos associated with it that can be viewed in a table or exported to Excel for analysis.

Figure 4. Eugene Outdoors interns conducting riparian tree inventory with iPads.

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 11

Figure 5. Screen shot of ArcGIS online showing tree inventory data for a sample reach of Amazon Creek.

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 12 It took interns three months to inventory all the areas where previous Amazon Basin Shading planting occurred both on Amazon Creek and tributaries such as the A‐2, A‐3 and Roosevelt Channels. Along the upper reaches of Amazon Creek from Martin St to 24th, where most of the trees are more mature, interns did not inventory every tree. Instead they simply entered points for future tree planting locations on the west bank of Amazon Creek to identify gaps in the riparian habitat. While staff spent several days training interns on trees identification and data entry, staff were unable to spend very much of time in the field working closely with interns. This resulted in some errors in the data. Fortunately, since the interns were instructed to take photos of each tree, some of those errors, such as tree species and condition can be corrected by staff. As of the completion of this report this data truthing has not been done for all the reaches inventoried. Since this was the first time the City has ever attempted to inventory all past plantings, it will take some time before all the data is cross checked and updated.

Once staff began to analyze the riparian tree data, it became clear that for the purposes of showing which reaches had been planted on the maps included at the end of this report, it was not necessary to show individual trees. So, the maps in this report were produced by importing the ArcGIS Online riparian tree data into an ArcGIS ArcMap and then creating a new shape file with polygons showing stretches of waterways with trees or without. The willow ArcGIS Online data were also imported into ArcMap, though no additional shapefiles were created. This way both the willow and tree data show up as distinct lines or polygons on the maps, with the willow lines shown near the centerline of the waterway and trees shown outside of the willow (Figure 6).

Figure 6. Image showing location of willow lines vs. tree polygons.

Appendix A of this plan includes 29 maps of the Amazon Basin. Maps 1‐15 cover Amazon Creek from Martin Street near the headwaters to Greenhill Road, the western City limits. Maps 16‐22 show the larger A‐1, A‐2, and A‐3 Channel. Finally, various smaller tributaries are shown in Maps 23‐29.

All of the data and the layers shown in the maps in Appendix A can be viewed in the following Arc Map: \\cesrv201\public\Natural‐Resources\GIS\Sites\AmazonCreek\AmzCrk_riparian_inventory‐ 2019‐landscape.mxd. The information about individual riparian trees can be found in the Park Natural Areas Arc GIS Online desktop or mobile maps. However, please do not modify these maps or the tree data without permission!

Photopoint Monitoring Photopoint monitoring consisting of taking photos periodically from carefully selected locations can be a really good way to document visual changes in vegetation over time. In 2013, the City established 26 photopoint stations along the reaches of the Amazon Creek where significant plantings had taken place between 2005 and 2012. In August of 2018 those photos were repeated, and a comparison of those photos can be found in Appendix B.

Figure 7. Photo point monitoring photos taken in 2013 (left photo) and 2018 (right photo) at Polk Street.

Amazon Basin Planting opportunities One of the most important outcomes of the efforts to summarize the extent and health of past tree and willow plantings is that it provides staff with the data needed to identify gaps in riparian cover along Amazon Creek and its tributaries. The data in the GIS layers described above and shown in the reach maps were exported to Excel and sorted to identify those reaches that have never been planted or that may need to be replanted. Those data were then sorted by ownership and bank aspect. All City‐owned reaches and reaches with an open waterway maintenance easement on south banks were rated as high priority since trees and willows planted on south banks provide the most shade benefit. City‐owned reaches and reaches with an open waterway maintenance easement along west banks were rated as medium priority, while any north and east bank reaches were rated as low. This list was further refined by grouping reaches close to each other (to maximize watering efficiency) and then identifying which of the highest priority reaches we need to plant each year for the next five years to meet our annual TMDL regulatory requirements. Table 3 shows the results of that sorting and prioritizing effort. This list will guide tree and willow planting efforts in the Amazon Basin for the next five years (2020 through 2024). It should be noted that this list may be adjusted over that five‐ year period, if unforeseen circumstances arise such as the inability to adequately implement site preparation (e.g. blackberry removal) or a need to focus riparian shading efforts elsewhere for reasons that we are unable to foresee now.

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 14 TABLE 4. Proposed Tree Planting Project Timeline and Locations for 2020‐2024 Willows Sub‐ Bank Planted Bank Planted Year Reach Waterway Ownership # Trees /shrubs Priority reach (Trees) (Willows) (ln ft) 2020 5 Amazon ‐ 24th to 20th (Engineering project) City Both 200 West 3000 High 2020 4 A‐3 Channel ‐ N Terry to Amazon Creek City ‐‐ ‐‐ South 2360 High Private/Bethel 2020 1 Greenhill Tributary SD w/ OW ‐‐ ‐‐ South 1335 High easement 2020 1 Roosevelt Channel ‐ Maple to EWEB City South 200 ‐‐ ‐‐ High 2020 2 Roosevelt Channel ‐ EWEB to Beltline City ‐‐ ‐‐ South 563 High 2020 Planting subtotals # Trees= 400 Ln ft= 7258 2021 8 a Amazon ‐ City View to Oak Patch City South 70 South 344 High 2021 9 a Amazon ‐ Oak Patch to Acorn Park City South 25 South 393 High 2021 9 b Amazon ‐ Acorn Pk to Bailey Hill City South 50 South 1986 High 2021 10 a Amazon ‐ Bailey Hill to W 11th City South 35 South 1465 High Private w/ OW 2021 10 d Amazon ‐ Bertelsen to Beltline South 30 ‐‐ ‐‐ High easement Private w/ OW 2021 Marshall Channel ‐‐ ‐‐ South 3955 High easement 2021 Planting subtotals # Trees= 210 Ln ft= 8143 2022 2 b A‐1 Channel ‐ Awbrey to Hwy 99 MWMC ‐‐ ‐‐ West 2216 Medium 2022 1 A‐3 Channel ‐ Seneca to Grimes City South 80 South 724 High ODOT w/ OW 2022 2 A‐3 Channel ‐ Bertelsen to Beltline ‐‐ ‐‐ South 2293 High Easement

2022 3 a A‐3 Channel ‐ Beltline to Danebo Pond City ‐‐ ‐‐ West 868 Medium

City/Lane Co 2022 6 b Amazon ‐ Polk to Chambers (w/ OW South 35 South 953 High easement) 2022 7 b Amazon ‐ Garfield to City View City/ Private South 85 South 908High 2022 Planting subtotals # Trees= 200 Ln ft= 7962

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 15 TABLE 3 (Cont’d). Proposed Tree Planting Project Timeline and Locations for 2020‐2024 Willows Sub‐ Bank Planted Bank Planted Year Reach Waterway Ownership # Trees /shrubs Priority reach (Trees) (Willows) (ln ft) 2023 2 a A‐2 Channel ‐ Golden Gardens to N Terry City South 120 ‐‐ ‐‐ High 2023 11 b Amazon ‐ Railroad Crossing to Royal City ‐‐ ‐‐ South 1816 High 2023 12 Amazon ‐ Diversion Channel at Meadowlark Prairie City ‐‐ ‐‐ West 4275 Medium 2023 10 c Amazon ‐ W11th to Bertelsen City/ Private West 90 ‐‐ ‐‐ Medium 2023 2 Roosevelt Channel ‐ Maple to EWEB City ‐‐ ‐‐ South 983 High 2023 Planting subtotals # Trees= 210 Ln ft= 7074 2024 1 a A‐2 Channel ‐ Barger to Beltline ODOT ‐‐ ‐‐ West 1941 Medium 2024 1 a Amazon ‐ Snell to Fox Hollow City West 100 West 314 Medium 2024 2 b Amazon ‐Fox Hollow to 30th City West 150 West 1538 Medium 2024 4 Amazon ‐ 30th to 24th (Amazon Park) City ‐‐ ‐‐ West 885 Medium BLM w/ OW 2024 11 b Amazon ‐ Railroad Crossing to Royal ‐‐ ‐‐ West 2210 Medium Easement 2024 11 b Amazon ‐ Railroad Crossing to Royal City ‐‐ ‐‐ West 811 Medium 2024 Planting subtotals # Trees= 250 Ln ft= 7699

5 year totals = # Trees= 1,270 Linear feet= 38,135

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 16 Summary Over the past decade, the City has made significant progress towards meeting the goals of providing shade along Amazon Creek. As shown in this report, tree and willow plantings have taken place along the south and west banks of most City‐owned reaches. While early efforts were not as carefully tracked, all tree and willow plantings since 2011 have been documented in a centralized location and those reaches are mapped using GIS. Beginning in 2018 all new riparian trees will be entered into the City of Eugene’s tree inventory system for individual tracking over time.

Using the 2018 riparian inventory data and the maps included in Appendix A, we have identified 14 reaches where up to 1,270 trees could be planted along the mainstem Amazon and its tributaries over the next five years. Furthermore, approximately 20,900 linear feet of bank along the mainstem Amazon and over 17,000 linear feet along Amazon tributaries have been identified as potential willow planting areas.

This report provides a clear picture of the status of shading efforts along Amazon Creek and identifies opportunities for future plantings, both along Amazon Creek and its tributaries. It is the City’s intention that this report will serve as a guide as the City continues to work over the next five years towards shading targets required in the Upper Willamette Temperature TMDL.

Contact Information For more information about this report or any of the work described herein, please contact: Lauri Holts, Ecologist Park and Natural Resource Planning Section City of Eugene Parks and Open Space 1820 Roosevelt Blvd, Eugene, OR 97402 Office 541.682.4925 | Fax 541.682.4882 LHolts@eugene‐or.gov

Acknowledgements The original Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Assessment was completed by the Parks and Open Space Division in March 2014. City staff that contributed to both to the original and this updated version include: Lauri Holts, Trevor Taylor, Ryan Turner, Rachel Burr, Shelly Miller, Brennan McCommon, Carrie Karl, Eric Cariaga, and Caitlin Todd. The following interns with the Eugene Outdoors program played a key role in inventorying riparian trees using Arc GIS Online in summer of 2018: Thomas Warner, Joel Donelly, and Jozie Donaghey.

2019 Amazon Basin Streamside Shading Plan July 2019 17