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An Effective Path for Managememnt of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

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An Effective Path for Managememnt of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Review Article International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ISSN:2320 5091 PRANAYAMA - AN EFFECTIVE PATH FOR MANAGEMEMNT OF POLY- CYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME Dr. Dalvi Prachi D1, Dr. Naik Priya V2 Dr. Borkar Sneha P3 Dr. Shirke Ashwini A4 1Associate Professor Dept. of Swasthavritta, 3,4PG Scholar, Dept. of Swasthavritta; 2Assistant Professor, Dept. of Sanskrut Samhita Sidhant; R. A. Podar Medical College (Ayu.), Worli, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India ABSTRACT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in wom- en of reproductive age group, affecting 5 – 10 percent of women. (PCOS) is a condition which can affect a woman’s menstrual cycle, fertility, hormones and aspects of her appear- ance. Stress and modern day unhealthy life style are contributing as an important reason be- hind PCOS. Although it is impossible to eliminate stress completely from our day-to-day life, we can surely build up our capacity to deal with it. In Yoga Nadis are the subtle channels for transmission of nerve impulses, blood or lymph, conduction of Pranic flow of Vayu through them. When prana becomes unbalanced, due to mental and physical stress, the Nadis become blocked, which can lead to illness and disease like PCOS. Pranayama like Bhastrika and Bhramari will cleanse and purify the Nadis, which will allow for a smoother flow of “Pra- na,” throughout the body, mind, and spirit. Keywords: Bhastrika, Bhramari Nadis,.PCOS, , Pranayama, Yoga. INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovarian syndrome is stored stress in the system, which can help common occurrence today in women at improve PCOS symptoms. reproductive age. It is suggested by the According to Maharshi Patanjali National Institutes of Health research that, Yoga is Chittvrittinirodha. [4] And to ob- at least 5-10% of the young women are tain control over these Chittavritti, Mahar- diagnosed with this condition.[1]Women shi Patanjali has suggested the path of with this syndrome do not ovulate regular- Ashtanga Yoga in which Pranayama con- ly and have ovaries that contain multiple stitutes forth step. [5] Prana means a subtle small cystic structures usually about 2-9 life force, which provides energy to differ- mm in diameter. [2] ent organs including mind and also con- Most doctors believe it to be a result trols many vital life processes. Ayama sig- of stress, a fall out of modern-day unheal- nifies the voluntary effort to control and thy life style. As Dr. Pratima Malik, Gy- direct this Prana. [6] naecologist, Apollo Hospitals, states, “The In Yoga Nadis are the subtle channels highly ambitious, stressed-out working or the passages for the transmission of woman of today is likely to be more prone nerve impulse, circulation of the blood or to PCOS”. [3]Yoga helps release deeply lymph or conduction of the Prana(“life How to cite this URL: Dr. Dalvi Prachi Et Al: Dpranayama - An Effective Path For Managememnt Of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. International Ayurvedic medical Journal {online} 2016 {cited 2016 July} Available from: http://www.iamj.in/posts/images/upload/2935_2940.pdf Dr. Dalvi Prachi Et Al: Dpranayama - An Effective Path For Managememnt Of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome force energy”). When Prana becomes un- sympathetic systems by activation of Hy- balanced, due to mental and physical pothalamo-Pituitary-adrenal Axis (HPA) stress, the Nadis become blocked, which which results in secretion of Corticotro- can lead to illness and disease. [7] phin-Releasing Factor (CRF) from hypo- Thus in PCOS hormonal imbalance thalamus. CRF stimulates the secretion of occurs due to the stressful situations which ACTH from pituitary, which further acti- can be well treated with Pranayama. The vates the adrenal glands (adrenal cortex) to Pranayam Bhramari and Bhastrika can be produce glucocorticoids (cortisol). Also effective in this condition. Bhramari will stressful situation activates sympathetic help in calming down the mind and Bhra- nervous system which stimulates adrenal strika will help in purification of Nadis. medulla to release catecholamine i.e. adre- AIMS AND OBJECTIVE nalin, nor-adrenalin, serotonin, dopamine. Aim of this study is to explain mechan- In case of chronic and excessive isms of action of Pranayama i.e. Bhastrika stressful stimuli, cortisol leads to enhanced and Bhramariin PCOS. glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis which MATERIALS AND METHODS ultimately lead to elevation of blood sugar Search was conducted using search concentration. Sustained hyperglycemia terms ‘Yoga or Pranayama and PCOD or impairs insulin-stimulated glucose utiliza- infertility title or abstract in National tion and glycogen synthesis in skeletal Library of Medicine MEDLINE muscles, which ultimately leads to insulin (www.pubmed.com) website. resistance.Beta cells in the pancreas sub- Published literature concerning sequently increase their production of in- mechanisms of action of Yoga or Pra- sulin, further contributing to a high blood nayama in PCOS emphasizing psycho- insulin level. High levels of circulating endocrine relations was retrieved from insulin are thought to contribute both to Pubmed and Pubmed Central and ana- excess androgen production and to anovu- lyzed. lation. Persistent aovulation have higher PCOS (Polycystic ovarian syndrome) mean concentration of leutinising hormone PCOS is heterogeneous disorder which (LH), but low normal levels of follicle is characterized by excessive androgen stimulating hormone (FSH) in ratio 3:1 production by the ovaries, which interferes respectively. The elevated LH levels are with the reproductive, endocrine and me- partly due to increased sensitivity of pitui- tabolic functions. [8] tary to gonadotropic releasing hormone Symptoms: stimulation. Because of the FSH levels are Irregular Menstrual cycle, ovarian cyst, not totally depressed, new follicular acne, hair loss, baldness similar to male, growth are continuously stimulated, but abdominal bloating, dandruff, frequent not to the point of full maturation and ovu- mood swings, miscarriage, irritability, hair lation and they are in the form of multiple growth on the face and rest of the body, follicular cysts 2 to 10 mm in diameter. [9] increase in weight, muscles and bone en- Insulin resistance also leads to increase in largement, blood sugar imbalance. truncle- abdominal fat mass which again Patho-physiology of PCOS leads to abnormal glucose tolerance raising PCOS can be correlated with stress me- the sugar and insulin in blood. This hyper- chanisms.Any stressful situation affects insulinemia acts on liver and reduces balance between sympathetic and para- SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin) 2936 www.iamj.in IAMJ: Volume 4; Issue 09; September- 2016 Dr. Dalvi Prachi Et Al: Dpranayama - An Effective Path For Managememnt Of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome also increases IGF-1 (Insulin like growth When a person knowingly or un- factor 1). Reduction of SHBG increases knowingly misuses the body-mind appara- the testosterone in blood, whereas the in- tus for a considerable period of time, the creased IGF-1 will cause hyperplasia of three Doshas or humours, Kapha,Vata and theca cell of ovary and increased andro- Pitta, become imbalanced, blocking the gens in blood. [10] free flow of Prana in the Nadis. In PCOS Gonadotropin releasing hormone blockages in the Nadis may result from; (GnRH) is secreted from hypothalamus to Lack of adequate physical movement release gonadotropins (FSH and LH). The Pooling of Prana in one area depriving secretion and release of GnRH is in pulsa- the other areas, e.g. in occupations de- tile manner. The neurohormonal control of manding intense and prolonged mental GnRH secretion is modulated by neuro- activity or only a set pattern of move- transmitter like norepinephrin exerts a sti- ment or posture mulatory effect on the release of GnRH, Harmful diet and products of digestion, while dopamine and serotonin exerts its e.g. acidic diet inhibitory effect. Catecholamines are ca- Excessive accumulation of metabolic pable of changing the frequency of GnRH waste products pulse. Thus pharmacological agents, psy- Unbalanced and unharmonious life- chological factors which affect the brain style, leading to the accumulation of catacholamines, are likely to affect the toxic products e.g. inadequate sleep, [11] pulsatile release of GnRH. excessive or wrongly timed mental or Thus overproduction of CRH and sexual activities, failure to adapt to the other stress-related hormones in the brain rhythms of nature. and activation of the pituitary- DISCUSSION adrenocortical system by chronic stress Probable mechanism of Pranayama in seem to play causative roles in the inhibi- the management of PCOS tion of gonadotropin secretion and leads to Pranayama occupies second place in Ha- [12] PCOS. tahyoga while it constitute fourth step of Concept of Nadis in YOGA Patanjali’s Ashtanga yoga.The word Pra- According to GorakshaSamhita there are nayama is formed by two words i.e. Prana 72,000 nadis while Shiva Shiva Samhita and Ayama. Prana means a subtle life [13] has mentioned up to 3,50,000nadis. The force, which provides energy to different wordNadis is used for any big or small or- organs and also controls many vital life gan which functions as a longer or shorter processes. Ayama signifies the voluntary passage for the transportation of food effort to control and direct this Prana. drink, blood, lymph, air or a nervous im- Breathing is one of the vital activities go- [14] pulse. The Hatha Yoga Pradipika says verned by prana on a gross level. This is that when the nadis are purified, the body the only Pranic activity
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