DOCSLIB.ORG

ESTABLISHMENT of ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY Unit Structure

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ESTABLISHMENT of ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY Unit Structure UNIT 2: ESTABLISHMENT OF ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY Unit Structure 2.1 Learning Objectives 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Battle of Plessey 2.3.1 Causes 2.3.2 Events 2.3.3 Significances 2.4 Battle of Baxur 2.4.1 Causes 2.4.2 Events 2.4.3 Significances 2.5 Let Us Sum Up 2.6 Further Reading 2.7 Answers to Check Your Progress 2.8 Model Questions 2.1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After going through this unit, you will be able to- Know the causes of the battle of Plessey, Analyse the events and results of battle of Plessey, Trace the origin of the battle of Baxur, Analyse the events and results of the battle of Baxur. 2.2 INTRODUCTION India had close commercial relations with European countries from very early times. In 1453 when the Ottoman Empire conquered Asia-Minor and captured Constantinople, the old trading routes between the East and 2 4 History (Block 1) Establishment of English East India Company Unit 2 the West came under Turkish control. Therefore by the later part of the fifteenth century and the beginning of the sixteenth century, the European countries began the search for new trade route to establish trade relations with the East. As a result, the Portuguese navigator Vasco-da-Gama discovered a new sea route to India. By using this route many European powers entered into India. They tried to establish their commercial as well as political control over India. In this race the British ultimately became successful. They established their empire over India and continued their rule for the next two hundred years. How the British East India Company converted itself from a mere trading company to a political power makes an interesting study. In this unit we are going to discuss about the establishment of East India Company in India. We will focus on their occupation of Bengal in this unit. Coming of the East India Company In 1599, a group of English merchants, known as the ‘Merchant Adventurer’ formed a commercial organization called the East India Company, to trade with the Eastern countries. On December 31, 1600, Elizabeth, the Queen of England, granted to this company the monopoly of trade in the East for fifteen years by a charter. In 1608 the first British ship reached India and sent Captain Hawkins and Sir Thomas Roe to the court of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir to obtain royal favours. Consequently, the Company was given permission to open factories at several places in India. From the very beginning they tried to establish their political control over the territory where their factories were situated. Conditions in South India were more favourable to the Company, because they did not have to face a strong local government there. The English opened their first factory in the South at Masaulipatam. Then they got Madras on lease from a local ruler. Now they shifted their activities here. The island of Bombay was acquired by the East India Company from Portugal in 1668 as part of the dowry of Catherine of Bragenze who became the Queen of king Charles II. History (Block 1) 2 5 Unit 2 Establishment of English East India Company In eastern India the East India Company had opened its first factories in Orissa in 1633.In 1651 it was given permission to trade at Hughli in Bengal. Now the Company desired an independent settlement in Bengal. So in 1686, the English declared a war on the Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb. The English were defeated and were driven out of their factories in Bengal. Their factories at Surat, Masaulipatam and Vishakhapatam were besieged. They now expressed their willingness to trade under the protection of the Indian rulers. The Mughal authority readily agreed. In 1698, the Company acquired the Zamindari of the three villages Farman: Invitation Sutanati, Kolkota and Govindapur, where it built Fort William. The villages to report to soon grew into a city, known as Calcutta (Modern Kolkata). In 1717 the someone. Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar issued a Farman granting old privileges of carrying on duty free trade in Bengal. Similar permission was also received in Hyderabad and Surat. 2.3 BATTLE OF PLASSEY Dastaks: Special certificates, by 2.3 1 CAUSES using which Bengal was a very fertile and rich province of India. The East India commercial goods Company and its servants had highly profitable trading interests in the could be province. The Farman of 1717 by the Mughal Emperor granted them freedom transported from to export and import their goods in Bengal without paying taxes and the one place to right to issue dastaks for the movement of such goods. The Company another in Bengal servants were also permitted to trade, but were not covered by this Farman. without paying any This Farman was a source of conflict between the Company and the Nawab taxes. of Bengal because it meant less revenue for the Bengal government. The power to issue dastaks for the Company’s goods was misused by the Company’s servants. All the Nawabs of Bengal from Murshid Quli Khan to Alivardi Khan had compelled the Company to pay tax and firmly suppressed the misuse of dastaks. In 1756 Siraj-ud-Daula succeeded his grandfather Alivardi Khan. He demanded that the Company should trade on the same basis as in the times of Murshid Quli Khan .The English refused to comply and levied heavy 2 6 History (Block 1) Establishment of English East India Company Unit 2 duty on Indian goods entering Calcutta, which was under their control. All this annoyed the Nawab. He also suspected that the Company was favouring his rivals for the throne of Bengal. Following were the main causes for the outbreak of the Battle of Plassey- Bengal was a rich and prosperous province. The British were anxious to occupy this region. They were looking for an opportunity to conquer it. Siruj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, was an incompetent and weak ruler. The British thought that they could easily subjugate him. In 1756, Seven Year War broke out in Europe. Both the French and British began to fortify their settlements in Bengal as they feared an attack from each other. Siruj-ud-Daulah asked both of them to demolish their fortifications. The French carried out his orders but the British refused to do so. The British had also not received any permission from the Mughal Emperor to fortify their settlements. Nawab Siruj-ud Daulah could not tolerate this. The British officers had begun to misuse the trading concessions given to them by the Mughal Emperor in 1716. The British had granted asylum to the enemies of Siruj-ud Daulah which embittered relations between them. The British were hatching conspiracies against the Nawab with some Hindu chiefs. One of them was Kishan Das. It also annoyed Siruj- ud-Daulah. In 1756, Siruj-ud-Daulah occupied the British colony of Kasim Bazar. He next captured Fort William and Calcutta. It is said that the Nawab imprisoned 146 English men in a small dingy dark room. Next day, when the door of the room was opened, only 23 prisoners came out alive. This incident is called the Black Hole Incident. Clive hatched a conspiracy with Amir Chand, a rich Hindu merchant, and Mir Jaffar, the Nawab’s commander-in –chief against Siruj-ud- Daulah. According to their plan, it was decided that Clive with a contingent of army would march to Plassey. Mir Jaffar, along with History (Block 1) 2 7 Unit 2 Establishment of English East India Company his army would desert Siruj-ud-Daulah and join Clive. Nawab Siruj- ud-Daulah would be deposed and Mir Jaffar be installed as the Nawab of Bengal in his place. 2.3.2 EVENTS Clive marched towards Murshidabad, the capital of Siruj- ud- Daulah with a small army of 8000 European soldiers and 2100 Indian sepoys and 10 guns only. Siruj-ud-Daulah too with an army of about 70,000 and 50 guns marched from his capital. It was an unequal fight. The two armies met at Plassey. The traitor Mir Jafar and Rai Durlabh took no part in the fighting. Only a small group of Nawab’s soldiers led by Mir Madan and Mohan Lal fought bravely. The Nawab was forced to flee and put to death by Mir Jafar’s son Miran. 2.3.3 SIGNIFICANCES Though the battle of Plassey was only a small battle from military point of view, politically its importance in the history of India is indeed great. The Battle of Plassey paved the way for the British to establish themselves in Bengal and eventually the whole of India. Mir Jafar was appointed the Subedar of Bengal. He awarded the British with much wealth for this favour. Besides he gave them the district of Twenty Four Parganas in the South of Calcutta They also got a huge sum of money as compensation. Mir Jafar soon realized that it was impossible to meet the demands of the company. In 1760 the British forced the Nawab of Bengal to make his son- in-law, Mir Qasim as the Nawab of Bengal. The battle brought many important changes in the position of the East India Company. Before this battle, it was only a trading company but this battle made them a political power in Bengal. It also greatly improved their financial position which helped them in defeating the French in the Third Battle of Carnatic. 2 8 History (Block 1) Establishment of English East India Company Unit 2 LET US KNOW Causes of defeat of Siruj-ud-Daulah and success of East India Company 1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • AP World History Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary
    2018 AP World History Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Short Answer Question 2 R Scoring Guideline R Student Samples R Scoring Commentary © 2018 The College Board. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, AP Central, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.org. AP Central is the official online home for the AP Program: apcentral.collegeboard.org AP® WORLD HISTORY 2018 SCORING GUIDELINES Short Answer Question 2 Use the image below to answer all parts of the question that follows. ENGRAVING PRODUCED IN GREAT BRITAIN BASED ON AN 1817 PAINTING BY BRITISH ARTIST BENJAMIN WEST The Granger Collection, New York The engraving shows a historical encounter in 1765 in which the Mughal emperor Shah ‘Alam II granted the British East India Company, represented by Robert Clive, the right to collect tax revenue from the Mughal provinces of Bengal, Orissa, and Bihar. a) Identify ONE way in which the event depicted in the image reflects political changes in the global balance of power in the eighteenth century. b) Explain ONE way in which the event depicted in the image reflects economic changes in Asia in the eighteenth century. c) Explain ONE significant way in which Great Britain’s relationship with South Asia changed in the nineteenth century, compared with the relationship depicted in the image. © 2018 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.org. AP® WORLD HISTORY 2018 SCORING GUIDELINES Short Answer Question 2 (continued) 0–3 points Score 3 Response accomplishes all three tasks set by the question.
    [Show full text]
  • Carnatic Wars - Second Carnatic War [Modern Indian History Notes UPSC]
    UPSC Civil Services Examination UPSC Notes [GS-I] Topic: Carnatic Wars - Second Carnatic War [Modern Indian History Notes UPSC] NCERT notes on important topics for the UPSC Civil Services Exam. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like Bank PO, SSC, state civil services exams and so on. This article talks about The First Second War. Facts about the Second Carnatic War Fought between: Different claimants to the posts of the Nizam of Hyderabad, and the Nawab of the Carnatic; each claimant being supported either by the British or the French. People involved: Muhammad Ali and Chanda Sahib (for the Nawabship of the Carnatic or Arcot); Muzaffar Jung and Nasir Jung (for the post of the Nizam of Hyderabad). When: 1749 – 1754 Where: Carnatic (Southern India) Result: Muzaffar Jung became Hyderabad’s Nizam. Muhammad Ali became the Nawab of the Carnatic. Course of the Second Carnatic War The first Carnatic War demonstrated the power of the well-trained European army vis-à-vis the less than efficient armies of the Indian princes. The French Governor-General Dupleix wanted to take advantage of this, and assert influence and authority over the Indian kingdoms, so as to make way for a French Empire in India. So, he was looking to interfere in the internal power struggles among Indian chiefs. Even though England and France were officially at peace with each other as there was no fighting in Europe, the political climate in Southern Indian at that time led their companies to fight in the subcontinent. The Nizam of Hyderabad, Asaf Jah I died in 1748 starting a power struggle between his grandson (through his daughter) Muzaffar Jung, and his son Nasir Jung.
    [Show full text]
  • The British Empire and the Partition of India, 1947 the British Empire: the British Empire Was One of Largest Empires Ever Seen Throughout History
    Year 8 Research Project - The British Empire and the Partition of India, 1947 The British Empire: The British Empire was one of largest Empires ever seen throughout History. Some argue that it was a force for good, changing the countries under its control positively. Some however argue that it affected these countries negatively, forcing them to be ruled over by a more powerful country. 1. Come up your with own definition of an Empire. 2. Find the names of 10 countries that were under the control of the British Empire. 3. What percentage of the world’s population did the British control at the height of their Empire? 4. Find 3 positives about the British Empire. 5. Find 3 negatives about the British Empire. 6. Write a persuasive speech arguing whether we should or should not be proud of the British Empire. Think about the positive and negative consequences of the British Empire. Include examples of the impact the British Empire had in some of the countries it controlled. Use the following links to complete these tasks: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zf7fr82/revision/1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7E9Tm1X7vw&list=PLcvEcrsF_9zLFhetle- QrjhRvL7vjcJo8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1Q6A4qP7dQ The History of India: Indian history gives us some excellent examples of how things change and stay the same over a period of time. Over hundreds of years it underwent many changes. Sometimes the pace of change was very rapid, at other times much slower. Sometimes political changes appeared to happen very quickly, but at the same time, the way most ordinary people lived in India continued relatively unaltered.
    [Show full text]
  • 8-4 India Under British Rule
    8-4 India under British Rule What techniques did the British use to rule India? Objectives • By the end of the class students should be able to do the following: • Outline the steps to British domination of India. • Identify the contributions Robert Clive to Indian colonization. • Define the role of the British East India company on the colonization of India. • Summarize the Sepoy Rebellion. • Appraise intentions of the improvements Briton made to India. • Apply one key idea from the chapter effectively by creating a political cartoon. Mughal Emperors and European Traders • In 1600, England setup the East India Company. They won trading rights from the Mughal empire. • The English traded gold and silver for cotton, silk and tea. Textiles were particularly important. • At first Mughal rulers looked down on Europeans. In the 1700s the Mughal empire declined and Britain and France moved to take control of a divided India. • By the 1760s the British had overcome the French and now were ready to take charge of the region. East India Company Rule • Britain owed its success in India to Robert Clive, a administrator of the East India Company. HE led the British against the French, and won control of Bengal. • Many Indian rulers fought the British, but their disunity was their undoing. • The East India Company gained enormous wealth from India, especially after the Mughal emperor gave it the right to collect taxes. • The company ruled directly and indirectly, they set up rules and courts. British Rule • The British government took steps to check the growing power of East India Company.
    [Show full text]
  • Myth, Language, Empire: the East India Company and the Construction of British India, 1757-1857
    Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 5-10-2011 12:00 AM Myth, Language, Empire: The East India Company and the Construction of British India, 1757-1857 Nida Sajid University of Western Ontario Supervisor Nandi Bhatia The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Comparative Literature A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy © Nida Sajid 2011 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Asian History Commons, Comparative Literature Commons, Cultural History Commons, Islamic World and Near East History Commons, Literature in English, British Isles Commons, Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies Commons, and the South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Sajid, Nida, "Myth, Language, Empire: The East India Company and the Construction of British India, 1757-1857" (2011). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 153. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/153 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Myth, Language, Empire: The East India Company and the Construction of British India, 1757-1857 (Spine Title: Myth, Language, Empire) (Thesis format: Monograph) by Nida Sajid Graduate Program in Comparative Literature A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada © Nida Sajid 2011 THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies CERTIFICATE OF EXAMINATION Supervisor Examiners _____________________ _ ____________________________ Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • 6 X 10.5 Long Title.P65
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00218-0 - The Return of the Gift: European History of a Global Idea Harry Liebersohn Index More information INDEX Allis, Samuel, 79 Bolshevik Revolution, 136, 159–161 American Anthropological Association, Bosnia-Herzegovina, 104 112 Bougainville (Solomon Islands), 105 American Museum of Natural History, 98 Brentano, Lujo, 45 Amphlett Islands, 132 Brulé Dakota, 79 L’Année Sociologique, 141, 144–147 Bücher, Karl, 44–60, 165. Mauss’s reviews in, 144–145 See also Malinowski, Bronislaw post-World War I revival of, 143 anticipation of later thinkers, 45, 53, 58, anthropology, 55, 93, 96, 122, 139. 60, 151 See also ethnography Arbeit und Rhythmus, 125 Aryans, 75–77, 113 critique of neoclassical economics, Athens, 84, 149, 163. See also Greece, 46–49 Socrates economic anthropology, 45, 47–50, 52 Aurora, N. Y., 67 liberalism, 46, 50–51 Awadh, 15 The Origin of National Economies, 46–51, 104–105 Bachofen, Johann Jacob, 81 Burke, Edmund, 10–11, 16–19, 25 Banaros, 104, 111–12, 113–122, 139 charges in parliament against Warren Battle of Plassey, 12, 23 Hastings, 17–18 Bayly, C. A., 9 defends traditional gift, 18–19 Benedict, Ruth, Patterns of Culture, 99 motives for attacking Hastings, 16 Bengal, 10, 12–17, 21, 23–24 Reflections on the French Revolution, 10 Bentham, Jeremy, 20 Berlin, 112–113, 119 Cahen, Maurice, 147 Berlin Ethnological Museum, 99, 105 Calcutta, 13, 17 Berthoud, Gérald, 5 Celts, 87, 93 Bhagavad Gita, 15 civic humanism, 32, 64 Blackfoot tribe, 79–80 civility, 1, 166 Boas, Franz, 55, 97–103, 112, 122,
    [Show full text]
  • CC-12:HISTORY of INDIA(1750S-1857) II.EXPANSION and CONSOLIDATION of COLONIAL POWER
    CC-12:HISTORY OF INDIA(1750s-1857) II.EXPANSION AND CONSOLIDATION OF COLONIAL POWER: (A) MERCANTILISM,FOREIGN TRADE AND EARLY FORMS OF EXTRACTION FROM BENGAL The coming of the Europeans to the Indian subcontinent was an event of great significance as it ultimately led to revolutionary changes in its destiny in the future. Europe’s interest in India goes back to the ancient times when lucrative trade was carried on between India and Europe. India was rich in terms of spices, textile and other oriental products which had huge demand in the large consumer markets in the west. Since the ancient time till the medieval period, spices formed an important part of European trade with India. Pepper, ginger, chillies, cinnamon and cloves were carried to Europe where they fetched high prices. Indian silk, fine Muslin and Indian cotton too were much in demand among rich European families. Pearls and other precious stone also found high demand among the European elites. Trade was conducted both by sea and by land. While the sea routes opened from the ports of the western coast of India and went westward through the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea to Alexandria and Constantinople, Indian trade goods found their way across the Mediterranean to the commercials hubs of Venice and Genoa, from where they were then dispersed throughout the main cities of Europe. The old trading routes between the east and the west came under Turkish control after the Ottoman conquest of Asia Minor and the capture of Constantinople in1453.The merchants of Venice and Genoa monopolised the trade between Europe and Asia and refused to let the new nation states of Western Europe, particularly Spain and Portugal, have any share in the trade through these old routes.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Book
    "We do not to aspire be historians, we simply profess to our readers lay before some curious reminiscences illustrating the manners and customs of the people (both Britons and Indians) during the rule of the East India Company." @h£ iooi #ld Jap €f Being Curious Reminiscences During the Rule of the East India Company From 1600 to 1858 Compiled from newspapers and other publications By W. H. CAREY QUINS BOOK COMPANY 62A, Ahiritola Street, Calcutta-5 First Published : 1882 : 1964 New Quins abridged edition Copyright Reserved Edited by AmARENDRA NaTH MOOKERJI 113^tvS4 Price - Rs. 15.00 . 25=^. DISTRIBUTORS DAS GUPTA & CO. PRIVATE LTD. 54-3, College Street, Calcutta-12. Published by Sri A. K. Dey for Quins Book Co., 62A, Ahiritola at Express Street, Calcutta-5 and Printed by Sri J. N. Dey the Printers Private Ltd., 20-A, Gour Laha Street, Calcutta-6. /n Memory of The Departed Jawans PREFACE The contents of the following pages are the result of files of old researches of sexeral years, through newspapers and hundreds of volumes of scarce works on India. Some of the authorities we have acknowledged in the progress of to we have been indebted for in- the work ; others, which to such as formation we shall here enumerate ; apologizing : — we may have unintentionally omitted Selections from the Calcutta Gazettes ; Calcutta Review ; Travels Selec- Orlich's Jacquemont's ; Mackintosh's ; Long's other Calcutta ; tions ; Calcutta Gazettes and papers Kaye's Malleson's Civil Administration ; Wheeler's Early Records ; Recreations; East India United Service Journal; Asiatic Lewis's Researches and Asiatic Journal ; Knight's Calcutta; India.
    [Show full text]
  • Story of Lord Clive
    Conditions and Terms of Use Copyright © Heritage History 2010 TO ST. CLAIR CUNNINGHAM Some rights reserved This text was produced and distributed by Heritage History, an Dear St. Clair, organization dedicated to the preservation of classical juvenile history books, and to the promotion of the works of traditional history authors. The tell me that you are going to be a soldier. The books which Heritage History republishes are in the I do not know upon which branch of the Service you public domain and are no longer protected by the original copyright. have set your heart, but, whichever it may be, you cannot They may therefore be reproduced within the United States without go wrong if you take for your model that great fighter, Lord paying a royalty to the author. Clive, of some of whose deeds I have tried to tell you. The text and pictures used to produce this version of the work, however, are the property of Heritage History and are subject to certain Yours always, restrictions. These restrictions are imposed for the purpose of protecting the integrity of the work, for preventing plagiarism, and for helping to JOHN LANG. assure that compromised versions of the work are not widely disseminated. In order to preserve information regarding the origin of this text, a copyright by the author, and a Heritage History distribution date are included at the foot of every page of text. We require all electronic TABLE OF CONTENTS and printed versions of this text include these markings and that users adhere to the following restrictions.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume9 Issue11(6)
    Volume 9, Issue 11(6), November 2020 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research Published by Sucharitha Publications Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh – India Email: [email protected] Website: www.ijmer.in Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Dr.K. Victor Babu Associate Professor, Institute of Education Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Prof. S. Mahendra Dev Prof. Igor Kondrashin Vice Chancellor The Member of The Russian Philosophical Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Society Research, Mumbai The Russian Humanist Society and Expert of The UNESCO, Moscow, Russia Prof.Y.C. Simhadri Vice Chancellor, Patna University Dr. Zoran Vujisiæ Former Director Rector Institute of Constitutional and Parliamentary St. Gregory Nazianzen Orthodox Institute Studies, New Delhi & Universidad Rural de Guatemala, GT, U.S.A Formerly Vice Chancellor of Benaras Hindu University, Andhra University Nagarjuna University, Patna University Prof.U.Shameem Department of Zoology Prof. (Dr.) Sohan Raj Tater Andhra University Visakhapatnam Former Vice Chancellor Singhania University, Rajasthan Dr. N.V.S.Suryanarayana Dept. of Education, A.U. Campus Prof.R.Siva Prasadh Vizianagaram IASE Andhra University - Visakhapatnam Dr. Kameswara Sharma YVR Asst. Professor Dr.V.Venkateswarlu Dept. of Zoology Assistant Professor Sri.Venkateswara College, Delhi University, Dept. of Sociology & Social Work Delhi Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur I Ketut Donder Prof. P.D.Satya Paul Depasar State Institute of Hindu Dharma Department of Anthropology Indonesia Andhra University – Visakhapatnam Prof. Roger Wiemers Prof. Josef HÖCHTL Professor of Education Department of Political Economy Lipscomb University, Nashville, USA University of Vienna, Vienna & Ex. Member of the Austrian Parliament Dr.Kattagani Ravinder Austria Lecturer in Political Science Govt. Degree College Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power
    Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Subject: History Unit: Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Lesson: Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Lesson Developer : Prof. Lakshmi Subramanian College/Department : Professor, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Kolkata Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Table of contents Chapter 2: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power • 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power • Summary • Exercises • Glossary • Further readings Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Introduction The second half of the 18th century saw the formal induction of the English East India Company as a power in the Indian political system. The battle of Plassey (1757) followed by that of Buxar (1764) gave the Company access to the revenues of the subas of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and a subsequent edge in the contest for paramountcy in Hindustan. Control over revenues resulted in a gradual shift in the orientation of the Company’s agenda – from commerce to land revenue – with important consequences. This chapter will trace the development of the Company’s rise to power in Bengal, the articulation of commercial policies in the context of Mercantilism that developed as an informing ideology in Europe and that found limited application in India by some of the Company’s officials. This found expression until the 1750’s in the form of trade privileges, differential customs payments and fortifications of Company settlements all of which combined to produce an alternative nucleus of power within the late Mughal set up.
    [Show full text]
  • Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Subject : History
    Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Subject : History Lesson : Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Course Developers Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Prof. Lakshmi Subramaniam Professor, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Kolkata Dynamics of colonial expansion--1 and Dynamics of colonial expansion--2: expansion and consolidation of colonial rule in Bengal, Mysore, Western India, Sindh, Awadh and the Punjab Dr. Anirudh Deshpande Associate Professor, Department of History, University of Delhi Language Editor: Swapna Liddle Formating Editor: Ashutosh Kumar 1 Institute of lifelong learning, University of Delhi Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Table of contents Chapter 2: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power 2.2.1: Dynamics of colonial expansion - I 2.2.2: Dynamics of colonial expansion – II: expansion and consolidation of colonial rule in Bengal, Mysore, Western India, Awadh and the Punjab Summary Exercises Glossary Further readings 2 Institute of lifelong learning, University of Delhi Expansion and consolidation of colonial power 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Introduction The second half of the 18th century saw the formal induction of the English East India Company as a power in the Indian political system. The battle of Plassey (1757) followed by that of Buxar (1764) gave the Company access to the revenues of the subas of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and a subsequent edge in the contest for paramountcy in Hindustan. Control over revenues resulted in a gradual shift in the orientation of the Company‟s agenda – from commerce to land revenue – with important consequences. This chapter will trace the development of the Company‟s rise to power in Bengal, the articulation of commercial policies in the context of Mercantilism that developed as an informing ideology in Europe and that found limited application in India by some of the Company‟s officials.
    [Show full text]