The Analogical Phonetic-Syllabic Dictionary
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! 256 ™\ ANALOGICAL PHONETIC SYLLABIC DICTIONARY LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, SheltvB^i)' UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. The Analogical Phonetic-Syllabic DICTIONARY FOR THE USE OF SHORTHAND WRITERS OF ANY PHONOGRAPHIC OR PHONETIC SYSTEM, GIVING THE PROPER CONSONANTAL SYLLABICATION OF ALL THE IMPORTANT WORDS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE By CHARLES CURRIER BEALE and CORA E. BURBANK BEALE PUBLISHING COMPANY, 1 80 Washington St., Boston, Mass 5"1 \ ; 3 , 297 Westminster St., Providence, R. I. Copyright, 1891. f^-^ 4" *y^ Printed by the Beale "Shorthand" Print. 180 Washington St., Boston, Mass. ; PHONETIC- SYLLABIC DICTIONARY. iii FOREWORDS. T he history of shorthand is a story of progress and improvement, and the greater part of that progress and improvement has been made in the last fifty years. To the pioneer Isaac Pitman we owe our present phonographic systems of shorthand. However much we may deplore the apparent shortsighted policy attributed to him in later years ; however much we may dispute his right to the title of Inventor of Phonography however much we may assert the superiority of offshoots of his sys- tem, over the original; however much we may condemn his radical- ism, his frequent changes, his apparent inconsistencies; and however much we may press the claim of selfishness in attempting to prevent or crush rival authors in his own country, while enjoying all privi- leges of competition in this country; the statement still remains, and will always be incontrovertible, that to Isaac Pitman, English and American shorthand owes its present status. It was Isaac Pitman who developed the idea of a perfect sound-representation, which others before him had seen "as in a glass darkly." * To his energy and perseverance, we owe a debt of gratitude, which can never be repaid, and to him we yield precedence in the long roll of stenograph- ic worthies. But he left much which remained to be discovered or elaborated, and to the later efforts of Reed, Longley,Benn Pitman, Gra- ham, Munson, and others, we owe much of the present efficiency of shorthand. But to Daniel L. Scott-Browne we may credit the great- * Many partially or wholly phonetic systems existed previously to Pitman's. In this country those of Bailey (1819), which was purely phonographic, and Towndrow (1831), which was mostly so, are notable examples. IV PHONETIC-SYLLABIC DICTIONARY. est advance in phonography since its inception ; for it was he who first carried out rationally, though unfortunately not completely, the all-im- portant principles of syllabication and analogy. It is the perfect carry- ing out of these principles which makes shorthand exact and scienti- fic. The principles of the Pitman system and its allied methods de- stroy the possibility of carrying out these principles completely, and in Simplified Phonography alone can they be always consistently applied, for the -eason, that Simplified Phonography was adapted to these principles, while in all other systems, the attempt has been made to adapt these principles to the system. We believe, however, that the writers of any system would do well to replace the irregular, inconsistent, illogical style of writing, which may be the shortest, or which allows the writing of derivative words entirely different from the root or primitive word. The great drawback to the complete utilization of the principles of analogy and syllabication, has been that no existing dictionary could be taken as an authority. The division of words into syllables in American dictionaries are given without regard to the derivation or etymology; in English dictionaries (those published in England) while the divisions are largely superior in this respect, to American dictionaries; still, the fact that the language is so unphonetic, tends greatly to confuse and perplex the student. Recognizing the need of a dictionary which should give the cor- rect phonographic or consonantal representation of words, we have prepared this book, with the hope that it may prove serviceable to all who look upon shorthand as something in itself worthy of study, aside from its more practical advantages, and especially to those who are ambitious to make their favorite system, whichever it may be, capable of exactitude. We believe it will be of value to every teacher or student of pho- nography, and to that end, we have spared neither care nor labor, to make it accurate. It cannot, of course, be complete ; we offer it PHONETIC- SYLLABIC DICTIONARY. as a step only towards that completeness which we must leave for others to accomplish ; but we have endeavored, in the space to which we have been limited, to give all the important words which would be likely to occur in actual work, and we hope that the careful study of this book will be sufficient to enable its users to write all which are not given, in analogy with those it contains. Beyond this, we ask simply the indulgence of the user. In all cases where the syllabica- tion would be doubtful, we have given the authority for the particular form we adopt, believing it will make the book more valuable ; and in some cases, where authorities differ, we give two forms, either of which may be used. If the book shall serve the purpose for which it is intended, we shall feel amply repaid for our labors. 5 C. C. B. ) C. E. B. VI PHONETIC-SYLLABIC DICTIONARY. AUTHORITIES. Tihe following works have been consulted in the preparation of this book, to all of which we acknowledge our obligations: The Imperial English Dictionary, (Imp.^ Webster's Dictionary, (W-) Worcester's Dictionary, (Wc.) Nuttall's Dictionary, (N.) Stormonth's Dictionary, (St.) Hyde Clarke's Dictionary, (H. C.) The Century Dictionary, (C.) Skeat's Etymological Dictionary, (Sk.) Wedgewood's Etymological Dictionary, (Wd.) p' J£f When it has been deemed necessary to give the authority for the syllabifying of any word, the above abbreviations have been used. : PIIONKTIC- SYLLABIC DICTIONARY. Vll TO THE USER. A s some systems of shorthand have signs for sounds which others have not, it is necessary to provide for this difference. As "Simplified Phonography," theBeale "method," was the first to carry out completely and consistently the principles of syllabica- tion and analogy, it has been deemed proper that the consonant sounds and combinations recognized by that system, should be used as a basis, and it may need a few words of explanation, to make every- thing clear. Simplified Phonography has the following consonant signs which some other systems have not Ct X Q Wh Systems which do not have these signs, should substitute for them as follows : Kt Ks Kw W Wherever two consonants are represented by one sign, it is placed in parenthesis ; also, combinations which are represented by prefix- or affix-signs, are placed in parenthesis ; thus Catch=K(ch) Caution=K(shn) Syllables are separated by hyphens ; but affix or prefix signs are not separated from the syllables with which they are written ; thus Deviation=D-V-(shn) Division =D-V(shn) A large class of words like atone, ablaze, aggrieve, etc., which are identical in consonant representation with the roots, lone, blaze, grieve, etc., are not given, in order to economize space, and search should be made under the latter class, the vowel syllable not being represented in most systems. In the same way, words like dis-tract, dis-pose, in-tend, insight, etc., are not given, since they would be written in analogy with tract, pose, tend, sight, etc. Other neces- sary remarks will be given as foot-notes. ; Vlll PHONETIC-SYLLABIC DICTIONARY. KEY TO SYLLABIC REPRESENTATION. J\ HYPHEN at the beginning indicates the word begins with a vowel syllable, (that is, a syllable consisting of a vowel sound only) ; a hyphen at the end means that the words end with a vowel syllable all other hyphens are used for the purpose of separating syllables. Remember that each consonant syllable (that is, each syllable con- taining a consonant) should be written in such a way that it could stand alone ; no consonant syllable can consist of a hook or circle. PHONETIC- SYLLABIC DICTIONARY. A. a, a aboriginal, b-r-j-n-4 abandon,-bnd-n aborigines, b-r-j-n-s abash, -b(sh) abortion, b-r(shn) abattoir, b-twr abortive, b-rt-v abbey, -b abound, b-nd abbot, -bt about, -bt [Sk.] abbreviate, -brv-t above, -bv [Sk,] abdicate, b-dk-t abrasion, -br(shn) [Wd.] abdomen, b-d-mn abrogate, b-rg-t fabduct, b-d(ct) abrupt, b-rpt aberration, b-r-(sh)n abscess, b-ss or bs-s abeyance, -b-ns abscond, bs-knd abhor, b-hr absent, b-snt ability, -bl-t absolute, b-sl-t abject, b-j(ct) absolution, b-sl-(sh)n able, -bl absolve, b-slv ablution, b-l(shn) absorb, b-srb abnegate, b-ng-t absorption, b-srp(shn) abnormal, b-nrm-1 abstain, bs-tn abolish, b-l-sh [Sk.] abstemious, bs-tm-ys or bs-tm-s abolition, b-l-(sh)n [Sk.] abstinence, *ent; bs-tn-ns, *nt abominable, b-mn-bl abstract, bs-tr(ct) abominate, b-mn-t abstruse, bs-trs fin some systems there is a stroke for the combined sound of fV/); in other systems kt should be understood. *The star (*) indicates that for saving space, only the last syllable or syllables of a derivative word is given when the beginning is the same as the word from which it is de- rived; thus, "abstinence, *ent" means "abstinence, abstinent," and the "bs-tn-ns, *nt" means "bs-tn-ns, bs-tn-nt." a. abstruse. PHONETIC-SYLLABIC DICTIONARY. absurd, b-srd acquaint, -qntor k-wnt abundance, *ant ; b-nd-ns, *nt acquiesce, -q-s or k-vv-s abuse, b-s or b-ys acquire, -qror k-vvr abyss, -mal ; -bs, -ml acquisition, -qs-(sh)n academy, *ic *ician ; k-dm(i), *k, acquit, -qt *(sh)n acre,