12 AMERICANS and the NOBEL PEACE PRIZE Lesson Duration: 2 Class Periods (30

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LESSON 13 Grades 2 - 12 AMERICANS AND THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE Lesson Duration: 2 Class Periods (30 – 50 Minutes) for Each Section

Overarching Questions ...... 260 Content Theme ...... 260 Standards/Essential Skills ...... 260 Objective ...... 260 Background Information: Americans and the Nobel Peace Prize ...... 261 Key Questions ...... 262 Vocabulary ...... 262 Instructional Materials ...... 262 Differentiation and/or Modifications ...... 262

Activity: Let Peace Begin With Me – Poetry ...... 262  Method of Delivery ...... 262  Procedure ...... 262  Directions ...... 262  Follow-Up ...... 263  Assessment ...... 263  Student Reflection and Debriefing Questions ...... 263  Teacher Reflection ...... 263  Resources ...... 264

Cross-Curricular Extension Activities ...... 265  Language Arts Activity: Compare and Contrast ...... 265  Math Activity: Word Problems: (See Activity Sheet on last page of lesson) ...... 265

LESSON 13 | Grades 2-12 Americans and the Nobel Prize Lesson Duration: 2 Class Periods (30–50 Minutes) for Each Section

President Jimmy Carter and Vice President Al Gore were recipients of the Nobel Peace Prize.

OVERARCHING QUESTIONS: 1, 2, 3, Craft and Structure: 4, 5, 6, Integration of Knowledge and Ideas: 7, 8, 9, Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity: 10, WRITING: Text Types and Purposes: 1, 2, 3, 1. Where are we going? Production and Distribution of Writing: 4, 5, 6, Research to Build and Present Knowledge: 2. Where are we now in our understanding 7, 8, 9, Range of Writing: 9, SPEAKING AND LISTENING: Comprehension and Collabora- tion 1, 2, 3, Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas 4, 5, 6, LANGUAGE: Conventions of of this topic? Standard English 1, 2 Knowledge of Language 3, Vocabulary Acquisition and Use 4, 5, 6 3. Why are we trying to discover more? Math – Common Core Standards, 2010: Operations and Algebraic Thinking: Gr 3, 4, 5, Expressions and Equations Gr. 6, 7, 8 4. How will we get there? Science - IN Standards 2010: 5. How will we know we have arrived at any new Standard 4: Science, Engineering and Technology; Introduction for courses: Physics, understandings about this topic? Chemistry, and Chemistry and Physics

CONTENT THEME: OBJECTIVE: Honor the accomplishments and contributions of The purpose of this lesson is to provide students individuals while recognizing the connections and with information about the international Nobel global ties related to the peace process. Peace Prize that is awarded to people who have made significant contributions to the peace process. The STANDARDS /ESSENTIAL SKILLS: lesson will also give students background information All of the standards listed below are directly about other Americans who have won the award. related to or can be closely connected to this lesson. Students will end the lesson by discussing and finding Depending on the direction the teacher wishes to ways to create peace within their own communities. focus the lesson, these standards provide a foundation for teachers to adapt and implement a standards-based The students will: curriculum approach. 1. Explore the history of the Nobel Peace Prize. Social Studies – IN 2007: 2. Discuss the significance of being awarded a K-8 HISTORY: Historical Knowledge: 6.1Chronological Thinking, Historical Comprehension, Nobel Peace Prize. Research: 3.1.7 6.1.15, 6.1.17, 7.1.18, CIVICS AND GOVERNMENT: Role of Citizens: 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 4.2.6, 4.2.7, 5.2.8, GEOGRAPHY: 3.3.3, 4.3.2, 6.3.1, 7.3.1 ECONOMICS: 3. Read speeches from Dr. King and President 8.4.5, High School: US HISTORY: 3.6, 9.5 US GOVERNMENT: 5.11,WORLD HISTORY: Obama, Nobel Peace Prize winners. 9.5, SOCIOLOGY: 5.7, 5.11, Standard 4, GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY OF THE WORLD: 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.2, 7.4, WORLD GEOGRAPHY 2.1 4. Discuss the significance of African-Americans Language Arts - IN 2006: winning various Nobel Peace Prizes. Word Recognition, Fluency and Vocabulary Development: 6.1, 7.1and 8.1Comprehension 5. Write about ways that students can contribute and Analysis of Nonfiction Information and Text: 6.2, 6.2 and 8.2: Language Arts - Common Core 2010: to living in a peaceful community. CCR Standards (Gr 2-12) are woven into activities: LITERATURE: Key Ideas and Details: 2004 Phylicia Rashad becomes the first black woman to win a Tony Award for her portrayal of matriarch Lena Younger in the revival of A Raisin in the Sun. 2007 Super 260 TEACHER ACTIVITY GUIDE The Historic Journey: “Yes We Can” © 2010 Holland and Associates; All rights reserved.

Thorbjorn Jagland of the Norwegian Nobel committee, presents the Nobel Peace Prize to President Obama.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION: AMERICANS AND THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE Vice-Presidents Al Gore and Charles Dawes. African lfred Nobel lived in Stockholm, Sweden and Americans who have won the Peace Prize before MLK wins was a very successful chemist and inventor Nobel prize Awhose patents, including one to improve Barack Obama include in 1964 dynamite, are still important in today’s society. Nobel Ralph Bunche and Dr. wanted to make life safer for miners who used dyna- Martin Luther King, Jr. mite in their work. He became very wealthy because Toni Morrison, an African dynamite was used all over Europe. He died on American writer, also has December 10, 1896. In his will, Alfred Nobel asked received the Nobel prize that a foundation be established to award prizes in five in literature. areas: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, With an announcement Literature and Peace. In 1968 Economics was added. by the Norwegian Nobel Each year, The Nobel Foundation and its various Committee, President committees invite thousands of experts in each Barack Obama was field to nominate people for the various prizes. The nominated for the 2009 Committee then selects nominees and recipients for Nobel Peace Prize during the international Nobel Prizes. Prizes are given to his first year in office “for his extraordinary efforts individuals or organizations whose works or contri- Toni Morrison butions in their fields represent excellence. The Nobel to strengthen international Prize Laureates receive a medal, a personal diploma diplomacy and cooperation between peoples.” Being and a cash award. The first prize was awarded in 1901. nominated for this prestigious award was a surprise Between 1901 and 2009, 806 laureates and 23 organiza- to President Obama and many others. He accepted tions have been recognized. In total, up until 2009, the honor with great humility because he knew that the Peace Prize has been awarded 89 times. working for world peace is not an easy task, especially Former presidents and vice-presidents who have since the United States has soldiers in other countries also won the award include: Presidents Theodore who are fighting for those other countries to have Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, Jimmy Carter, Jr., and some of the freedoms that Americans enjoy.

Bowl XLI pits for the ﬁrst time two African American National Football League head coaches, Tony Dungy and Lovie Smith. Dungy’s Colts win the game making him the ﬁrst black 261 TEACHER ACTIVITY GUIDE The Historic Journey: “Yes We Can” © 2010 Holland and Associates; All rights reserved.

KEY QUESTIONS: ACTIVITY: 1. What was the purpose of establishing LET PEACE BEGIN WITH ME – POETRY the various Nobel awards? METHOD OF DELIVERY: –Use of Media, Lecture 2. Alfred Nobel helped to improve dynamite and and Discussion established the Peace Award. Why would a man who used his money to improve dynamite be PROCEDURE: interested in peace? The teacher will: 3. Who was the ﬁrst African-American to earn 1. View the DVD and be ready to discuss the the Nobel Peace Prize? images seen in the video. 4. Who is the only African-American female to 2. Record thoughts about the images at the end receive the Nobel Prize for Literature? of the video showing President Obama and Dr. 5. How many United States presidents or Vice- King receiving the nomination for the Nobel presidents have been awarded the Peace Prize. Nobel Peace Prize? 3. Have students read or listen to the Background 6. Who are some of the other people who Information. have won the Nobel Prize in other areas? 4. Use vocabulary words in context within the 7. When Dr. King received the Nobel Peace lesson to help students begin to understand Prize, what other major activities were going their meanings. on in America and around the world during 5. Provide excerpts or copies of the entire speech the Civil Rights Movement? How did they for groups to use. affect each other? 6. Use the Internet or other sources to ﬁnd out 8. Why do you think Barack Obama received more information about the Nobel Peace Prize the Nobel Peace Prize? and previous winners. 9. What do you think would help make 7. Prepare rubrics based on state academic world peace possible? standards related to writing poetry.

VOCABULARY: The students will: Nobel Peace Prize; Stockholm, Sweden; laureate; 1. View the DVD, The Historic Journey: foundation; committee; peace, award, humility, “Yes We Can.” physics, chemistry, physiology, literature, 2. Express ideas and concepts about “peace”. economics, and poetry forms – (cinquain, ABC 3. Review the vocabulary list and see how the Poem, I Am) words are used in context. 4. Read or listen to the Background Information. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: 5. Work in teams to contrast and compare the 1. DVD player to view The Historic Nobel acceptance speeches of Dr. King and Journey: ‘Yes We Can.” President Obama. 2. List of Websites with information about the 6. Discuss ways that youth can be involved in speeches from Dr. King and President Obama. making the world more peaceful. 3. List of Websites about the Nobel Peace Prize 7. Write a poem about peace using one of three and other winners. given formats. (I Am, ABC Poem, or 4. Handout with a comparison chart. a cinquain form.) 5. Directions for writing different kinds of poems. 8. Use state academic writing rubrics to (I Am, ABC Poem, or a cinquain) self-critique their own work.

DIFFERENTIATION AND/OR MODIFICATIONS: DIRECTIONS: 1. Students will use graphic organizers to clarify 1. Have students read or listen to the Background their thinking and begin planning for Information. their project. 2. Have students skim the passage and underline 2. Students will work individually and with a all vocabulary words. small group. 3. Allow students to view the DVD, The Historic Journey, “Yes We Can.”

4. Review information found near the end of the DVD related to the Nobel Peace Prize. coach to win a Super Bowl. 2007 Over twenty thousand march in Jena, Louisiana to protest the arrest of six black high school students. 2008 August 27th, Illinois sena 262 TEACHER ACTIVITY GUIDE The Historic Journey: “Yes We Can” © 2010 Holland and Associates; All rights reserved.

5. Ask students what they know about the use other formats that will allow others to read Nobel Peace Prize. the final drafts of student work. 6. Use chart paper, board or overhead to make a 3. Allow students to create peace posters to be list of phrases that student can suggest that placed in strategic places around the school. include the word peace. (Ex: Peace like river, peace of mind, fighting for peace, “my peace I leave ASSESSMENT: you”, peace and quiet, etc.). • Use the edited copies of poems and essays to 7. Have students to add other words that are assess student work using the state writing rubric. synonyms for peace. • Continue to watch student behavior to 8. Share downloaded copies of the acceptance determine if students are more patient and speeches made by Dr. King and tolerant with each other or if they make President Obama. reference to discussions about peacful and non- 9. Have students work in 4, 6, or 8 teams to violent ways of solving conflict. compare and contrast Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speeches given by Dr. Martin STUDENT REFLECTION AND DEBRIEFING Luther King, Jr. and President Barack Obama. QUESTIONS: 10. Half of the team members will focus on the Students will answer the following questions: King Speech and the other half will focus on 1. What did I learn as a result of this project? the Obama speech. 2. How do using primary and secondary documents 11. Then team members will come back together help me to understand what I am learning? and each half of the team will share what they 3. Is my writing improving and am I able to self- found in their speeches. correct my work using the state rubrics for 12. Then each team will discuss and create writing and language conventions? diagrams of the commonalities and the 4. I feel comfortable sharing my work with others. differences they found in the two speeches. 5. Can I answer these Who, What, Where, When 13. Have each team share their discussion on why and Why questions taken from a lesson posted Dr. King and President Obama received the at the New York Times Website? awards even though there were circumstances WHO are the Nobel Peace Prize recipients around them that caused concern. you can name? 14. Ask students to discuss ways to solve problems peacefully at school, at home, in the WHAT did President Obama say about war and community and in the world. peace in his acceptance speech for the 2009 15. Ask students, “If you could create a prize similar award? to that of the Nobel Peace Prize, who WHERE was the prize given? would you award it to and why?” WHEN was the prize first established? 16. Direct students to write an essay or a poem WHY was the choice of Mr. Obama controversial? about peace and share their part in making HOW do you feel about Mr. Obama receiving peace a reality. this prize? 17. Students may create an ABC Poem, an I Am poem, or a Cinquain Poem depending on HOW do you feel about what he said in his either teacher or student selection. acceptance speech? (See directions in RESOURCE section.) 18. Have students edit and self-critique their TEACHER REFLECTION: writings using state academic writing rubrics 1. The student received the necessary materials as an editing guide. to complete the lessons. 19. Collect assigned writing samples. 2. I gave clear directions for each type of poetry style we used. FOLLOW-UP: 3. The students recognized a connection to the 1. Have students share their work by reading their lesson topic and were able to see how it poems or essays out loud to the class or in small related to their lives. groups. 4. The students satisfactorily met the lesson 2. Post edited written work on bulletin boards or objectives when they completed the assignment, tor Barack Obama becomes the first African American to attain the Democratic Party nomination for President of the United States when is chosen at the party’s national conven- 263 TEACHER ACTIVITY GUIDE The Historic Journey: “Yes We Can” © 2010 Holland and Associates; All rights reserved.

as measured by the related state standards. ACTIVITY: AN “ABC POEM” 5. Students continue to show examples of peaceful ABOUT MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. AND resolution of conflicts and even discuss some of PRESIDENT BARACK HUSSEIN OBAMA: the concepts they learned during the lesson DIRECTIONS FOR AN ABC POEM beyond when the lesson is finished. • This informal poem uses the letters of the 6. Students were provided time to complete a alphabet to start each line of the poem. self-reflective assessment activity and were able • Each line may be a word or a collection to answer questions about their progress related of words that continue until you reach a to the topic. logical conclusion. • This poem tells a story and should include RESOURCES: some illustrations. Nobel Peace Prize http://nobelprize.org/ • Example of the beginning of an ABC poem Website link for President Barack Obama’s on Peace, Dr. King and President Obama: Speech, December 10, 2009: Oslo, Norway http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office The ABC’s of Peace /remarks-president-acceptance-nobel-peace-prize A warded for a hope B efore the prize was in hand Website link for Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s C alled to champion a cause and Speech, December 10, 1964, Oslo, Norway D aring to believe that one day the prize would http://nobelprizes.com/nobel/peace/MLK-nobel.html E ffect the whole world F ar and wide, the Additional plans on teaching about the G oal of peace would be Nobel Peace Prize H ighly valued by all. ETC http://lesson-plan-help.suite101.com/article.cfm /teaching_students_about_the_nobel_peace_prize ACTIVITY: CINQUIAN POETRY News Article on the Award Schulten, Katherine. ABOUT DR. KING AND PRESIDENT OBAMA WITH “War and the Peace Prize”. The Learning Place. A FOCUS ON PEACE: DIRECTIONS FOR WRITING New York Times, December 11, 2009. A CINQUIAN POEM http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/11 • This poem invites students to analyze a /war-and-the-peace-prize/ character, topic, concept or controversial issue. This strategy may be used to compare and/or Additional information about former winners: contrast two different ideas. U. S. Presidents and Vice Presidents • This style of poetry uses 5 basic elements. http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Which_US_Presidents • Each line represents the same elements. _have_won_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize&alreadyAsked • Line 1, Name; Line 2, Two adjectives: Line 3, =1&rtitle=What_presidents_won_nobel_peace_prize Three verbs; Line 4, Simile (like a … or as a); http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes and Line 5, One word synonym for the first line. • The poem should be centered on the paper in African Americans this exact 5 line format. http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_many_African • Example: _Americans_have_won_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize Cinquain on President Obama Barack Hussein Obama NOTE: Be sure to remind students that information Intelligent, wise found on Wikipedia Websites may not be reliable Admired, thoughtful, humbled because the public is able to change information Standing like a peaceful warrior Leader found at the site. However, it does remain a good resource to discover current information ACTIVITY: “I AM” POEMS about various topics as long as the information is ABOUT DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. AND validated by additional sources. PRESIDENT BARACK HUSSEIN OBAMA: DIRECTIONS FOR WRITING “I AM” POEMS • This poem is about a person, group of people or even inanimate objects that the writer describes tion in Denver. 2008 November 4th, Illinois senator Barack Obama is elected the 44th President of the United States. 264 TEACHER ACTIVITY GUIDE The Historic Journey: “Yes We Can” © 2010 Holland and Associates; All rights reserved.

using emotions and senses. Writers use a verb First Step: after each “I am” that describes the writer. List the title and all of the verbs given above. • Entitle each poem with their I Am the Winner of the Nobel Peace Prize names, respectively. I am • Use these verbs on each line: am, wonder, I wonder hear, see, am, pretend, feel, touch, worry, cry, I hear am, understand, say, dream, try, hope, and am. I see • After adding a verb to each line, add a phrase ETC to each verb that reﬂects what students may be Second Step: thinking or feeling about people receiving the Add phrases to the verbs that help award or address other events that lead up to clarify the verb. them receiving the award. I Am the Winner of the Nobel Peace Prize • Example: I AM Poem on Dr. Martin Luther I am amazed that I was chosen. King and Peace I wonder when true peace will come.

I hear the applause and am humbled. I see the work that lies ahead ETC

CROSS – CURRICULAR EXTENSION ACTIVITIES

LANGUAGE ARTS ACTIVITY: • Exercise 2. Answer. (240 + 590 + 40 = 870) (870 COMPARE AND CONTRAST X 2 = 1740 miles). The Smith family traveled Have students read the text of speeches from Nobel Peace 1,740 miles to the inauguration and back home. Prize winners, Dr. Martin Luther King and President Obama. SCIENCE ACTIVITY: • Using a graphic organizer, provided by the WHAT DO THEY DO? teacher, have students compare and contrast Have students use the Background Information to find the two speeches. the fields in which the Nobel Prizes are given. Pay special • Have students write important phrases from attention to the scientific award winners. each speech on both sides of the graphic • Allow students to look up these fields using the state organizer. standards for science and find out what types of work • Have students write how the phrases compare people in these areas do and what they must know. and contrast with each other. • Copy the subject overviews from the standards guide • Then have students write a paragraph discussing for each subject listed below. the significance of both speeches and the • Have students look at the subject overviews for impact that giving prestigious awards has on physics, biology, chemistry, physics and chemistry world peace. and anatomy/physiology. • Allow students to choose one of the areas to MATH ACTIVITY: WORD PROBLEMS – SEE ACTIVITY illustrate pictures of people working in their area. SHEET ON LAST PAGE OF LESSON • Also have them write a short expository paragraph Provide the students with the two word problems about about that field of science. President Obama’s travels. Use the Activity Sheet at the • Plan a Science Career Day. end of the lesson. • Have students work in teams to gather information about the 6 areas. Include pictures and the • Exercise 1A. Answers. (630 + 700 = 1330) 1330 paragraphs that the students wrote. ÷ 2 = 665. The average speed of Air Force One • Invite guests from each field to come to the is 665 miles per hour. classroom to share what they do and bring instruments or pictures to share hat will interest • Exercise 1B Answer. ( 3881 miles ÷ 665 = the students. 5.836 hours) (Rounded off to 6 hours). It took • Ask the guests to also share their career path from about 6 hours to fly from Washington, D. C. to middle school through college. Oslo, Norway.

ACTIVITY WORKSHEET 13A AMERICANS AND THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE

Name ______Date ______

Math Challenge Exercise 1.

DIRECTIONS. Read the short story below and then answer the questions. When you solve the following word problems, show your work. Use the back of your paper if you need additonnal space to ﬁgure out the answer. Answer the problem in number format. Then also add a sentence that answers the questions.

TRAVELING TO THE AWARDS CEREMONY President and Mrs. Obama left Washington, D. C on Air Force One, the Presidential 747 jet that some newsmen call “the flying White House”. They and staff members left on Wednesday evening, December 9, and arrived in Oslo, Norway on Thursday morning, on the day of the Nobel Peace Prize official ceremony. After their arrival, they met with the Prime Minister of Norway. In the afternoon they met with King Harald V and Queen Sonja at the Royal Palace. That evening the President and the First Lady went to the Nobel Peace Prize Ceremony and he received the Nobel award and gave remarks to the audience. Then the Obamas attended a banquet in honor of him, and he spoke again. After spending the night in Oslo, they departed on December 12 at 10:40 a.m. local time and were back in Washington D. C by early Friday afternoon. Washington, D. C. is 6246 kilometers or 3881 miles or 3373 nautical miles from Oslo. Air Force One can fly between 630 and 700 miles per hour. Let’s do some calculations.

1. What is the average speed that Air Force one travels?

2. Use the average speed you found. Rounded to the nearest hour, how long did it take in miles per hour to ﬂy from Washington, D. C. to Oslo, Norway?

ACTIVITY WORKSHEET 13B AMERICANS AND THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE

Name ______Date ______

Math Challenge Exercise 2.

DIRECTIONS. Read the short story below and then answer the questions. When you solve the following 2 word problems, show your work. Show how you ﬁgured out the answer. Answer the problem in standard number format. Then also add a sentence that answers the questions.

TRAVELING TO THE PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATION

The Smith family drove to the presidential inauguration from St. Louis, Missouri. They left St. Louis in their van early Saturday morning, 2 days before the Inauguration. They traveled 240 miles to Indianapolis, IN, where they picked up their cousins. Around 4 a.m. in the morning, they left Indianapolis and traveled all day for an additional 590 miles. The evening before the inauguration, they spent the night at a hotel in Baltimore, Maryland. They couldn’t stay in Washington, D. C. because millions of people had come to the area to see the inauguration and there was not enough room for everyone to stay within the city limits. Because it was so crowded in Washington, D. C. people could not drive their cars around the city. So early on the morning of the inauguration, the family took the Metro train into Washington D. C. They arrived at the Mall area near the Washington Monument and watched the inauguration with over a miillion other people on huge TV monitors called jumbotrons. When the inauguration ended, the family took the Metro train back to Baltimore. The next day, the city was not so crowded. So the family ﬁnally drove about 40 miles back into the city and visited the Capitol Building, the Smithsonian Museum, and saw the place where President Obama and his family sat and watched the parade. That evening they returned back to Baltimore. They left early the next morning and returned to Indianapolis and then returned to St. Louis on Wednesday evening after their 5 day celebration. They were tired, but happy that they had made the trip. Now, let’s do some calculations.

1.How many miles did the Smith family travel to Washington, D. C. and back home again?

2. The average price of gas was around $3.25 per gallon. Using the total miles you calculated above, how much money did the Smith family spend on gas for the trip?

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