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The Civil War Letters of Thaddeus Minshall

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The Civil War Letters of Thaddeus Minshall "This Terrible Conflict of the American People": The Civil War Letters of Thaddeus Minshall EDITED BY LISA M. BRADY ew of us would relish our private correspondence being made public, and Thaddeus Minshall of Chillicothe, Ohio, was no exception. In a letter to Fa friend in 1862, Minshall wrote: "Esteemed Friend, With much trepida- tion I bring myself to the task of writing you a letter. This may seem a strange introduction for a letter from a friend. But I have in view that terrible drawer into which it may be dropped, and produced in judgement [sic] against me in after years."1 The publication of his Civil War letters nearly a century and a half after their writing is not intended to elicit judgment against Minshall, but rather to serve a purpose that he himself might judge appropriate and worthwhile. Captain Thad- deus Armstrong Minshall of the 33rd Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry wrote eloquent, insightful, and descriptive let- ters that were at times profoundly serious, at oth- ers, humorous and light-hearted. Through these letters, Minshall The battle of Perryville, bequeathed to posterity not the means by which to judge him, but instead an Kentucky, fought October opportunity to understand the complexity of a culture and society that made 8, 1862. Sketched by terrible war upon itself. Mr. H. Mosler. Harper's Captain Minshall served with the 33rd Ohio from September 1861 through Weekly, November 1,1862. The Filson the end of the Civil War, when he mustered out as acting colonel at the age Historical Society The editor wishes to thank Dr. Mark Wetherington, James Holmberg, and the staff of The Filson Historical Society for their assistance. The description for the letters in the Minshall collection can be accessed at http://www.filsonhistorical.org SPRING 2004 "THIS TERRIBLE CONFLICT OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE" of 31. His unit distinguished itself early in the war at such critical battles as Perryville, Kentucky, and Stones River in Tennessee. He and his men took part as well in the bloodbath at Georgia's Chickamauga Creek, the capture of Chattanooga, Tennessee, and the destruction of Atlanta, Georgia. The regi- ment then joined in William T. Sherman's famous "March to the Sea" and fought in the ensuing Carolinas campaign, ending its service with the surrender of Confederate General Joseph Johnston at Durham Station, North Carolina, mustering out on July 12, 1865, in Louisville, Kentucky. For its continuous service and participation in some of the fiercest battles of the war, the 33rd Ohio ranked in William F. Fox's post-war compendium among the federal army's top three hundred fighting regiments.2 inshall survived the war, returned to his law practice in Chillicothe, and in 1873 married Julia E. Pearson. His election as judge of Mthe court of common pleas in 1876 initiated a quarter-century of public service, which culminated in his election to the Ohio Supreme Court in 1885. Indeed, between 1889 and 1902, Judge Minshall served as chief justice of the state's highest court for three terms, during which he wrote opinions that were "models of brevity and conciseness, and bear evidence of learning, careful thought, and study."3 Like his legal opinions, Min- shall's Civil War correspondence reflects his education and keen sense of observation. He recorded not only the tangible, but also the philosophical character of the conflict.4 Minshall covered a wide range of topics, including the contents of his mess kit, the landscapes he marched through, national and international politics, and the propriety of courtship. He displayed in his letters a passionate loyalty to the Union and bemoaned the war's destruction of the "fair Landing of Ohio troops face of nature," yet all the while he deferred to his female correspondent's at Louisville, Kentucky. sensibilities, apologizing when his letters strayed from subjects appropriate for Sketched by Mr. H. Mosler. a "true woman."5 As such, the letters reveal much about prevailing gender Harper's Weekly, January 11, 1862. TheFilson norms for the period. Historical Society Indeed, in that respect Minshall's letters are an historian's dream, contain- ing not only beautiful prose and a goldmine of factual information, but also explicit commentaries on the gendered assumptions associated with the "Cult of True Womanhood," which maintained a strong hold even in the midst of great OHIO VALLEY HISTORY crisis. We can also identify a continued influence of Romantic ideas of nature, views that would eventually develop into the modern notions of conservation, preservation, and environmentalism. MinshalPs letters also firmly establish him as a member of the rising middle class, with access to an extended and liberal education. The political thoughts he espoused in his letters demonstrate an intimate familiarity with American and world history, political philosophy, and a wide variety of literary genres.6 As with many of his peers, Minshall also kept abreast of the period's popular culture, detailing in one letter the recent performance of a noted tightrope walker.7 His breadth of subjects and his impressive grasp of the subtleties of human nature and ideas make Minshall's letters essential reading for any student of the Civil War. They illustrate the complexity of American society and provide crucial insight into "this terrible conflict of the American people."8 he editor has included here only his early letters, written while still in his native Ohio Valley. As the war progressed, Minshall's unique Tphilosophical view became a casualty of the conflict, and thus his later letters, while historically important, lack the literary appeal of those written while still "green."9 Except where noted, the spelling, grammar, and emphatic markings are his own. Notes point to additional information or to related sources of interest, and, where necessary, provide broader historical context or clarification. In his letters, Minshall expounded on the justness of the Union's cause and provided vivid pictures of the wages of war; at the same time, he commented on the resiliency of nature against the onslaught of battle and on the tenacity of human hope for a better, more just future. Cp. Jefferson, Near Bacon Creek Ky, Jan 2nd 1861 [1862]i0 Dear Friend, Capt. McCoy arrived yesterday and paid me a visit to-day handing me your letter written on Christmas. He took dinner with me, produc- ing Hannah's Cake, which constituted the chief ornament of the board. It was well relished and highly complimented, I can tell you by all the participants. Tell Hannah she has placed me under renewed obligations, and if ever I return I shall surely make her another mush stick. I must not forget to tell you what a nice mess chest we have just got. Lieut. Waddle had it sent by a friend from Cincinnati].11 It is one of the handiest things for a migratory life that ever you seen. It contains a set of Britania Cups, of large white cups, saucers and plates, tin boxes for sugar, coffee tea &c a castor and numerous other articles of a necessary character, all neatly & ingeniously arranged within for transportation.12 We are now pretty well prepared for soldiering. It would do you good to see how we men can adapt ourselves to circumstances. I begin almost to doubt the necessity of women in the social order. But hold -1 guess I will retract SPRING 2004 "THIS TERRIBLE CONFLICT OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE" that. It is women's smiles and sympathies (and pound cake) which next to country encourages the soldier in his arduous life.13 It is seldom we see a woman in this distracted region. Nothing but the grim Molock of War looms up on every side.14 The terror stricken inhabitants have fled in every direction, their deserted houses have been turned into Hospitals. Around hearths where a year ago happy families were wont to assemble in all the quiet and security of home crowds the miserable soldier upon whom disease has cast his shadow, silently musing of a home far away where he could know no want.15 Of all the woebegone looking objects I ever seen a sick soldier is the most miserable. Hope seems to forsake them, and no wonder a military Hospital is the most loathsome place in creation. I mostly have my men taken care of in their tents. They as a general -~ thing do much better and recover much sooner than in Hospital.16 The Confederate Ah! My Dear Friend thank your stars that you live in a state untrod by destruction of the Bacon the foot of the invader. No one can form an idea of the evils of war but Creek Bridge on the one who has been in the vicinity of an army. How terrible is the retribu- Louisville and Nashville Railroad line in Hart tion justice. Have not these people long "sinned with a high hand and County, Kentucky. outstreched arm" against the rights of man? And is not their hour of Frank Leslie's Illustrated tribulation now come? All I have to say is so mote it be. My heart is Newspaper, January stealed to their misery. - We had grand review day before yesterday of all 25, 1862. TheFilson the troops in this division by Gen. Buel[l] the Department Commander.17 Historical Society [Final sentence fragment omitted.] Letter fragment, no date [likely a continuation of January 2, 1862, letter]. I received from the Squire by Capt McCoy a most amusing letter. He tells me Hedge has broke out in a new place. Has been all the way to Pennsylvania with the running gears of a broken down Catholic Priest and with whom he is cooperating to bring about a close to the war.
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