• Abstract and Figures
• Public Full-text

International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences (IJELS) Vol-4, Issue-3, May - Jun, 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4.3.51 ISSN: 2456-7620 The Representation of Bias Perception in “Nocturnal Animals” Movie Sophia Seddarassan*, Gabriel Angel Novellita Oley, Florencia Irena Marketing Communication, London School of Public Relations – Jakarta, Indonesia *Corresponding author Abstract— Over the decades, the process of communication Although, in the application of it, synchronizing within human kind has become inevitable. The process of information transmits and received is a little more complex synchronizing information transmits and received is a little due to the disruption from one or more of the parties. This more complex due to the disruption called kind of disruption is called miscommunications. There are miscommunication. Miscommunication could happen from three type of miscommunications including misinterpretation in the meaning intended by the sender. Misunderstanding; Non-understanding; Misinterpretation Misinterpretation can be caused due to psychological noise (Perrin, 2015, para.2-4). that occurs during communication process. Psychological Misinterpretation can be caused due to noise could refer to biases, prejudices and feelings that psychological noise that occurs during communication interfere with the accurate transmission or reception of a process. It refers to biases, prejudices and feelings that message. One of the movie that contains aspects bias interfere with the accurate transmission or reception of a perception is Nocturnal Animals. By using Peirce’s message. Psychological noise may influence perceive of Semiotic Theory as the analytical method, the researcher message. Perception itself is defined as the recognition and found five out of eight elements of bias perception using the responds towards a set of information (West &Turner, Gestalt Principle theory including Similarity, Symmetry, 2009, p.13). Closure, Figure / Ground and Continuity that occurs within The way we perceive message depends on our the ten-analytical unit (20 scenes) chosen by the researcher. perception of the world. We perceive what we expect. Our Keyword— Bias perception, psychological noise, gestalt perception is not necessarily the real ongoing situation. principle, peirce’s semiotic, nocturnal animals. Therefore, our expectation becomes out perception. Perception is biased by three factors, as follows: the past I. INTRODUCTION (our experience); the present (the current context); the Over the decades, the process of interacting within future (our goals). Unwittingly, Bias Perception theory has human kind has become inevitable. This process is now a played a big role in our daily life. basic essential living in this world. Therefore, socializing Afterward, “Nocturnal Animals” is a neo-noir has become the main aspect of life. One of the most psychological thriller movie where the main plot of the effective ways to socialize is through communication. story revolves around Susan Morrow (Amy Adams) who is Communication is one of the most essential of haunted by her past through a novel written by her ex- human personality’s growth. Lack of communication could husband (IMDB, n.d, para.1). This Hollywood movie was have an effect in the development of personality. produced in March 2015, directed, written and co-produced Communication is highly related to the behavior as well as by Tom Ford. The movie was made based on 1993 novel past experiences of human kind. In a communication “Tony and Susan” by Austin Wright (Flemming, 2015, May process, there are internal and external factors that might 17, para.3-5). affect the process and result of it depending on the behavior, Here, the researcher is interested in the experience and environment they are exposed to (Suryanto, phenomenon of bias perception within the story in the 2015, p.333–334). manuscript in relation to the life story of the main character The basic goals of communication are to get and in this movie. The bias perception phenomenon is a give information, persuade as well as to ensure psychological noise in human communication that very understanding from another party regarding a certain topic. often occurs in the daily life experience. www.ijels.com Page | 918 International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences (IJELS) Vol-4, Issue-3, May - Jun, 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4.3.51 ISSN: 2456-7620 Figure/Ground –Human’s mind has the II. LITERATURE REVIEW tendency to separate a visual into two field Bias Perception which is the figure and the ground. The figure The glass could be half full or half empty. The is the foreground of the object, whereas the optimist says “half full” and the pessimist says “half ground is the background of the object. It is empty”. This is a simple example of bias perception. Every said that human focus on one thing, either the single thing has different meanings based on how people figure or the object. perceive, judge, evaluate and understand the situation Common Fate – The main concern of this (Jussim, 2012, p.3).The way people view the world is not principal is moving objects. This principle necessarily the exact thing that is happening. People states the object that move together are perception is based on what people want to perceive and perceived as grouped. perceive what they expect to perceive. Therefore, people Semiotics perception is basically its own expectation, since our Semiotic is not only the study of sign but also study perception is biased. of system. The study itself is different depending on the Human visual perception is explained through founder. There’s Saussure with semiology and Peirce with Gestalt Principle. This principle started off back in the semiotics. These two people are known as the co-founder of 1920s where a group of German psychologists developed a semiotics (Chandler, 2017, p.2). series of theories of visuals perception to analyse how The general framework of Saussure is the distinction humans can perceive different objects into one group when between langue (language) and parole (speech). Langue is presented or arranged together in a particular that would the system of rules and convention; this makes them make sense in human sense. This theory is called Gestalt independent. On the other hand, parole of speech refers to Theory or collectively known as Gestalt Effect. The pioneer the use of particular instance (Chandler, 2017, p.9). of this theory is Kurt Koffka, Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Saussurean model of sign takes that sign consist of two Kohler, Kurt Lewin and Wolfgang Metzger. (Geremek, parts, first is the sign itself and second is its meaning. Greenlee & Magnussen, 2013, p.1) Ferdinand de Saussure’s model stated that a linguistic sign To match up with present situation, there are seven is a connection between signified and signifier. Signified is most important Gestalt principle, as follows (Johnson, 2010, the concept itself whereas signifier is the sound pattern, p.11-23): material or even the physical object. Saussure argued that Proximity – The distance between an object signs are indeed formal, generalized and abstract in its towards people affect the perception. Human system. The meaning of sign lies in their systematic relation tend to put objects into group depending on the to each other than collecting from material things. In distance. conclusion, Ferdinand de Saussure stated that sign will only Similarity – Objects that look similar will be make sense if put in relation to other signs (Chandler, 2017, grouped whereas the other objects are equal. p.16-18). Continuity –This principle explains on human’s Whereas Charles Sanders Peirce said “Sign is tendency to fill out missing pieces of the data something which stands to somebody for something in depending on the whole object. Human’s visual some respect or capacity”. He adapted in a triangle model perception is biased to perceive information consisting of representamen (sign), interpretant and object. continuously based on the prior information. There are also three fundamental divisions of signs in Closure – Human’s visual system tends to which Peirce believes in: (Lester, 2013, p.53-55) perceive information as a whole object rather Symbol/Symbolic –A sign that has no logical or than seeing it in separate pieces. The missing representational connection between them and the pieces of an object is unconsciously created in thing they represent. Symbolic signs are the kind our mind. of signs that is understood by its viewers due to Symmetry –Human visual system somehow try social and cultural aspects that has a great to solve complex scenes by grouping it or influence towards them. The meaning of symbolic combining it into a simpler scene. sign is often highly personalized. Words, Numbers, Colours, Gestures, Flags and Costumes are usually www.ijels.com Page | 919 International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences (IJELS) Vol-4, Issue-3, May - Jun, 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4.3.51 ISSN: 2456-7620 considered as symbolic sign. For example, white p.75). The analysis will be guided through semiotic analysis colour which means purity among Indonesians. to analyse and emphasize the film content then interpret it Icon – It is easier to interpret iconic sign as they with the relevant theory used. The result of this research is usually most closely resemble. A sign where the subjective, which means having different meanings relation with its reference has similarity. For according to how people perceive it. example, the drawing on the restroom doors that In order to gather the necessary data for this communicate to human on the gender allowed research, the researcher will be collecting two types of data inside or a horse statue as an icon of horse animals. including primary and secondary data. The primary data Index –Instead of a direct resemblance to an which will be used is the “Nocturnal Animals” film. The object, indexical sign has logical and most researcher will use this primary data to find the aspects of common sense connection to the thing they bias perception within the film.

Load more

  11

Copy Link