DOCSLIB.ORG

Motivating Pharmaceutical Policy During the Mulroney Years, 1984-1993: Rational

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Motivating Pharmaceutical Policy During the Mulroney Years, 1984-1993: Rational MCrrIVATING PHARMACEJJTICAL POLICY WRING THE I.RILROEIF;Y YEARS, 1984-1993: RATIONAL SELF INTEREST OR CAPITAL ACCUMULATIW? Alexandra Niblock B.A., The University of British Columbia THESIS SUBb.IIm IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DM;8EE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Political Science @ Alexandra Niblock 1994 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY June 1994 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. APPROVAL NAME : Alexandra Nihlock DEGREE : Master of Arts TI TLE OF THES I S : Motivating Pharn~ceuticalPolicy During the Mulroney Years, 1984-1993: Rational Self-Interest or Capital Accululation? Examininq Co~nmittee: Chair : Stephen McBride Patrick J. Smith Senior Supervisor Lyida J. Erlckuon Assistant Professor Geoffrey R. Weller President and Vice Chancellor Professor of Political Science, UNBC' External Examiner PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of Thesis/Project/Extended Essay Motivating Pharmaceutical Policy During the Mulroney Years, 1984-1993: Rational Self-Interest or Capital Accumulation? Author: , - / < (signature) Alexandra Mary Niblock (name) June 6,1994 (date) i i i Abstract : Over the last several decades, there has been a growing awareness of the increasing influence of multinational corporations (MNC~) in governmental agenda-setting and policy-making. Using models based on public choice and socialist theories of business-government relations, this thesis examines multinational influence in the development of policy for the Canadian pharmaceutical industry for the period 1984 - 1993, during which Progressive Conservative leader Brian Mulroney was Prime Minster of Canada. Two bills dealing with pharmaceutical patents were passed in this nine year span, the impact of which was to first, restrict and then, eliminate Canada's compulsory licensing system for pharmaceuticals. By limiting the patent protection of the mainly foreign pharmaceutical patentees, this system allowed cheaper generic versions of patented drugs to be sold on the Canadian pharmaceuticals market in competition with name brand products, thereby reducing drug costs for consumers. This legislation favoured the multinational sector at the expense of the mainly Canadian-owned generic sector of the pharmaceutical industry. The findings of this analysis show that because the focus of each of the models was different, both produced valuable examinations of the various aspects of the Mulroney government's decision to eliminate compulsory licensing. The narrow focus of the public choice model allowed a close look at the respective resources of the two main interests seeking to persuade government to adopt their respective policy positions. However, this model did not provide an adequate explanation for some factors, such as the United States (u.S.) government's involvement in the development of Canadian pharmaceutical policy and the extremes to which the Mulroney government's legislation favoured the mainly foreign multinational pharmaceutical companies. The socialist model, though perhaps weaker in its consideration of action at the individual level, produced a more convincing explanation of the U.S. government's involvement in the decisions taken and permits a richer understanding of the motivations of the federal government given the political context in which the pharmaceutical policy decisions took place. As the business agenda becomes less and less appealing the more we examine it, we begin to see the importance of the Globalization argument. Without it, business and government leaders would be stuck in the tight jam of trying to popularize an agenda that offers almost nothing to non-rich Canadians. But with the invocation of Globalization, the picture changes. Business and government leaders can call for what amounts to a redesign of Canada, without ever really having to sell their positions to a skeptical public. If questions get too pointed or the austerity too bleak, they can simply resort to chanting the mantra of Globalization: we have no choice, we must compete in the global marketplace ... we have no choice, we must complete in the global marketplace .... (Linda McQuaig. uckand the Dead: Brian Wonc?~,Biu Business. the Seduction of Cam. Toronto: Viking, 1991; 25.) Acknowledcrements I owe many thanks to m. Lynda Erickson and, particularly, Dr. Patrick Smith for all their help and patience as I tried to pull the pieces of this project together. I also warmly thank Professor Geoffrey Weller for acting as my external committee member and for coming out of his way in order to do so. =er One .Iucti on ...................................... 1 A) Public Choice ................................................ 11 8) Socialist Political Economy .................................. 26 ChaDter .-BLlsiness-Governments in the 993............... 39 A) Definitions and the Structure of the Canadian Pharmaceutical Industry ..................................... 39 B) Background on the Patent Provisions for Canadian Pharmaceuticals. 1923-1983 ..................... 44 C) The Issue of Pharmaceutical Patent Provisions During the Mulroney Years. 1984-1993 ......................... 63 Dl Conclusion ................................................... 79 PART I: Public Choice Theory .Rational Self Interest ........... 84 1.A) The Resources of the Multinational Sector Compared to the Generic Sector ....................... 85 1) Finances ..a) Resistance and Advertising ........... 86 b) Political Donations .................. 90 C) Lobbying ............................. 94 2) Access ............................................ 102 3) Patronage by Large Corporations a) Eraployees ............................108 b) Medical Researchers ..................116 4) Weakness/Absence of Countervailing Power ..........120 B) Rational Self Interest? .....................................122 C) Support From Foreign Governments ............................ 126 PART: Socialist Theory .Capital Accumulation .................129 A) An E~planationAccording to Socialist Theory of Business-Government Relations .....................130 B) Benefits Accruing to Multinationals are Not Significant .............................................133 C) Patent Provisions are Not Onerous For Generic Companies .......................................140 D) Benefits Accrue to Canadians ................................ 146 E) Increasing Pressure to Compete for Monopoly Capital ........................................154 F) Multinational Parent States Augment the Pressure to Compete ..................................... 158 G) Back to the Legitimation Function ...........................162 References and Interviews........................................ 179 Table 4.1 PMAC and CLMA Political Contributions, 1983-1992........... 92 Table 4.2 Location of PMAC Members, 1994.............................111 Table 4.3 Current R&D Expenditures by Location, 1991 and 1992........111 Table 4.4 Location of CDMA Members, 1994..........................:..114 Table 4.5 Total R&D Expenditures By Source of Funds, 1988 and 1992.............. ......................116 Table 4.6 Price Comparisons Between Selected U.S. Brand-Name and Canadian Brand-Name and Generic Drug Prices, 1986..............................138 This thesis concerns the role of multinational corporations (MNCs) in policy making for the pharmaceutical industry in Canada during the period 1984 to 1993. It assesses the capacity of multinational pharmaceutical companies to influence the development of legislation on pharmaceuticals in Canada during the administration of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney. This examination uses analytical frameworks taken from two bodies of theory -- public choice and socialist -- regarding business-government relations in capitalist societies in order develop a broader understanding of the course which pharmaceutical legislation took during this period. over the last several decades, an increasing number of authors, most notably from the 'leftt, have noted the apparently growing impact that MNCs have had on the agenda-setting and policy making roles of national, and even sub-national, governments. They have also suggested this involvement of MNCs has not always appeared to be in the best interest of the majority of citizens within the territory conce~ned.~I consider this phenomenon with respect to two pieces See, for example, Marjorie Cohen, ''The Lunacy of Free Trade. 1992; Jim Benn, '"The U.S. and the Global E~onomy.~~1992; Daniel Drache, "The Systematic Search for Flexibility: National Competitiveness and New Work Relations.", 1991; Daniel Drache and Meric S. Gertler Vhe World Economy and the Nation-State: The New International Order." 1991; Walter Adants, "Corporate Concentration and Power.", 233-252; stephen Gill and David Law "The Power of Capita1.l' Chapter in Gh&al-. , 1988;
Load more

Recommended publications
  • From Next Best to World Class: the People and Events That Have
    FROM NEXT BEST TO WORLD CLASS The People and Events That Have Shaped the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation 1967–2017 C. Ian Kyer FROM NEXT BEST TO WORLD CLASS CDIC—Next Best to World Class.indb 1 02/10/2017 3:08:10 PM Other Historical Books by This Author A Thirty Years’ War: The Failed Public Private Partnership that Spurred the Creation of the Toronto Transit Commission, 1891–1921 (Osgoode Society and Irwin Law, Toronto, 2015) Lawyers, Families, and Businesses: A Social History of a Bay Street Law Firm, Faskens 1863–1963 (Osgoode Society and Irwin Law, Toronto, 2013) Damaging Winds: Rumours That Salieri Murdered Mozart Swirl in the Vienna of Beethoven and Schubert (historical novel published as an ebook through the National Arts Centre and the Canadian Opera Company, 2013) The Fiercest Debate: Cecil Wright, the Benchers, and Legal Education in Ontario, 1923–1957 (Osgoode Society and University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1987) with Jerome Bickenbach CDIC—Next Best to World Class.indb 2 02/10/2017 3:08:10 PM FROM NEXT BEST TO WORLD CLASS The People and Events That Have Shaped the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation 1967–2017 C. Ian Kyer CDIC—Next Best to World Class.indb 3 02/10/2017 3:08:10 PM Next Best to World Class: The People and Events That Have Shaped the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation, 1967–2017 © Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC), 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • DIPLOMACY, CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS and ACID RAIN DIPLOMACY, CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS and the ISSUE of ACID RAIN by NANCY MARY MACKNESON, B.A
    DIPLOMACY, CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS AND ACID RAIN DIPLOMACY, CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS AND THE ISSUE OF ACID RAIN By NANCY MARY MACKNESON, B.A. (Hons) A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts McMaster University (c) Copyright by Nancy Mary MacKneson, September 1993 MASTER OF ARTS (1993) McMaster University (Political Science) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: Diplomacy, Canadian-American Relations and the Issue of Acid Rain AUTHOR: Nancy Mary MacKneson, B.A.(Hons) (Trent University) SUPERVISOR: Professor Kim Richard Nossal NUMBER OF PAGES: vi,160 ii ABSlRACf Diplomacy has been an important component in international relations since the earliest of civilizations. As societies evolved, so did diplomacy. In the context of the relationship between Canada and the United States the issue of acid rain resulted in some unusual diplomatic tactics being employed by Canada. This thesis seeks to review the degree of this unusual behaviour and determine whether it is an indication of a shift in the nature of diplomacy in the Canadian-American relationship, or an isolated incident, not likely to be repeated. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMEN1S There are a number of people to whom I am indebted for the successful completion of this thesis. Of particular note is my supervisor, Professor Kim Richard Nossal, for his patience and guidance throughout the many months. In addition, I appreciative of the support and suggestions from Professors Richard Stubbs and George Breckenridge. I also owe a great deal to my parents for granting me the gift of curiosity as well as their constant support as I searched for answers.
    [Show full text]
  • Core 1..192 Hansard (PRISM::Advent3b2 9.00)
    CANADA House of Commons Debates VOLUME 142 Ï NUMBER 028 Ï 2nd SESSION Ï 39th PARLIAMENT OFFICIAL REPORT (HANSARD) Friday, November 30, 2007 Speaker: The Honourable Peter Milliken CONTENTS (Table of Contents appears at back of this issue.) Also available on the Parliament of Canada Web Site at the following address: http://www.parl.gc.ca 1569 HOUSE OF COMMONS Friday, November 30, 2007 The House met at 10 a.m. were able to eliminate the national deficit and pay down the national debt. The present government has inherited a very strong fiscal framework, all due to good Liberal management. Prayers The one area that the Conservative government has failed on, and I am glad to see that the minister is here today, is the urban Ï (1005) community agenda. [English] In 1983 the Federation of Canadian Municipalities proposed an CRIMINAL CODE infrastructure program to deal with decaying infrastructure in (Bill C-376. On the Order. Private Members' Bills:) Canada. However, in 1984, the new Conservative government let it lay dormant for 10 years. I know something about this because I Second reading of Bill C-376, An Act to amend the Criminal was president of the Federation of Canadian Municipalities at one Code (impaired driving) and to make consequential amendments to time. other Acts—Mr. Ron Cannan. Mr. Tom Lukiwski (Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of There seems to be a pattern here. When we came into office, we the Government in the House of Commons and Minister for brought in a national infrastructure program. We dealt with cities and Democratic Reform, CPC): Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Enter Wayne Gretzky Wanted Him in Its League, and Potentially Scuttle the Merger Impasse and the Beer Boycott Negotiations
    nearly folded in late 1977, but managed to play out the financially. Realistically, the WHA knew it would not season. The Indianapolis Racers were close to failure in likely survive to see an eighth season, while the NHL mid-1977 but held on for another season with new owner saw some value in taking in the WHA’s strongest teams. Nelson Skalbania leading a group of investors. The When not playing games of brinksmanship, the Racers were constantly on the brink of collapse for most negotiations pressed forward. Fourteen of the 17 NHL of the 1977-78 season, but Skalbania was willing to incur teams needed to approve merger, but five of the teams losses for possible gains in the near future through a sale consistently voted against merger in any form. or buy-out should the merger go through. Essentially, the negotiations centered on winning over Both Cincinnati and Birmingham played to small two votes from the anti-merger subset to accumulate the home crowds and were struggling to stay solvent, but necessary 14 approvals. with the backing of its wealthy owners (DeWitt and The WHA needed a better bargaining position, and Heekin in Cincinnati, Bassett in Birmingham), both it found one: a skinny high-school senior named Wayne teams could survive the losses in the short term. The Gretzky. The prodigy had drawn attention and a level of Stingers might have succeeded in the NHL, but after fame as early as 1971, and by 1978, had shown he was 1977, the NHL did not want Cincinnati, and DeWitt and clearly superior to his Junior mates, and ready for better Heekin were willing to take the buyout if and when the competition.
    [Show full text]
  • Did He Force Gretzky from Edmonton?
    The Prince George Citizen — Thursday, August 11, 1988 — 13 MARK ALLAN S p o r t s Sports editor DID HE FORCE GRETZKY FROM EDMONTON? Pocklingfon target of fan outrage EDMONTON (CP) - Public out­ Edmonton Sun reported more than rage grew Wednesday as three of600 callers jammed the newspa­ Wayne Gretzky’s former team­per’s switchboard to complain. mates insisted the hockey super- Fans also swamped telephone KINGS star was forced into a trade to the lines at Oiler offices, some Los Angeles Kings. threatening to cancel season ti­ INVITE Oiler owner Peter Pocklington ckets. vehemently denied the comments, Gretzky, 27, cried in front of a saying he’ll swear an oath that packed media audience at a news BOSSY Gretzky initiated the National conference Tuesday when the deal Hockey League trade. was announced. But he told report­ EDMONTON (CP) — Hockey But while insisting he didn’t ers he asked to be traded because star Mike Bossy said Wednesday force Gretzky to surrender hisof his new family, including a child night the owner of NHL’s Los Oiler sweater, Pocklington admit­expected next year. Angeles Kings has asked him to ted he would likely have traded the Pocklington said Wednesday he’djoin the Kings and form a super hockey legend in the next few“swear on a court document, linea with Luc Robitaille and newly- years. statutory declaration, anything youacquired centre Wayne Gretzky. “Gretzky never initiated anywish, that Wayne wanted to be Bossy, the New York Islanders’ deal,” said Eddie Mio, a long-time traded.” all-time leading goal scorer, said friend and best man at Gretzky’s Pocklington said he gave Gretz­Bruce McNall contacted him two July 16 wedding in Edmonton ky to one last chance to change hisweeks ago with the proposal.
    [Show full text]
  • Accession No. 1986/428
    -1- Liberal Party of Canada MG 28 IV 3 Finding Aid No. 655 ACCESSION NO. 1986/428 Box No. File Description Dates Research Bureau 1567 Liberal Caucus Research Bureau Briefing, Book - British Columbia, Vol. I July 1981 Liberal Caucus Research Bureau Briefing, Book - Saskatchewan, Vol. I and Sept. 1981 II Liberal Caucus Research Bureau Briefing, Book - Alberta, Vol. II May 20, 1981 1568 Liberal Caucus Research Bureau Briefing, Book - Manitoba, Vols. II and III 1981 Liberal caucus Research Bureau Briefing, Book - British Columbia, Vol. IV 1981 Elections & Executive Minutes 1569 Minutes of LPC National Executive Meetings Apr. 29, 1979 to Apr. 13, 1980 Poll by poll results of October 1978 By-Elections Candidates' Lists, General Elections May 22, 1979 and Feb. 18, 1980 Minutes of LPC National Executive Meetings June-Dec. 1981 1984 General Election: Positions on issues plus questions and answers (statements by John N. Turner, Leader). 1570 Women's Issues - 1979 General Election 1979 Nova Scotia Constituency Manual Mar. 1984 Analysis of Election Contribution - PEI & Quebec 1980 Liberal Government Anti-Inflation Controls and Post-Controls Anti-Inflation Program 2 LIBERAL PARTY OF CANADA MG 28, IV 3 Box No. File Description Dates Correspondence from Senator Al Graham, President of LPC to key Liberals 1978 - May 1979 LPC National Office Meetings Jan. 1976 to April 1977 1571 Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador St. John's West (Nfld) Riding Profiles St. John's East (Nfld) Riding Profiles Burin St. George's (Nfld) Riding Profiles Humber Port-au-Port-St.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mulroney-Schreiber Affair - Our Case for a Full Public Inquiry
    HOUSE OF COMMONS CANADA THE MULRONEY-SCHREIBER AFFAIR - OUR CASE FOR A FULL PUBLIC INQUIRY Report of the Standing Committee on Access to Information, Privacy and Ethics Paul Szabo, MP Chair APRIL, 2008 39th PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION The Speaker of the House hereby grants permission to reproduce this document, in whole or in part for use in schools and for other purposes such as private study, research, criticism, review or newspaper summary. Any commercial or other use or reproduction of this publication requires the express prior written authorization of the Speaker of the House of Commons. If this document contains excerpts or the full text of briefs presented to the Committee, permission to reproduce these briefs, in whole or in part, must be obtained from their authors. Also available on the Parliamentary Internet Parlementaire: http://www.parl.gc.ca Available from Communication Canada — Publishing, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9 THE MULRONEY-SCHREIBER AFFAIR - OUR CASE FOR A FULL PUBLIC INQUIRY Report of the Standing Committee on Access to Information, Privacy and Ethics Paul Szabo, MP Chair APRIL, 2008 39th PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION STANDING COMMITTEE ON ACCESS TO INFORMATION, PRIVACY AND ETHICS Paul Szabo Pat Martin Chair David Tilson Liberal Vice-Chair Vice-Chair New Democratic Conservative Dean Del Mastro Sukh Dhaliwal Russ Hiebert Conservative Liberal Conservative Hon. Charles Hubbard Carole Lavallée Richard Nadeau Liberal Bloc québécois Bloc québécois Glen Douglas Pearson David Van Kesteren Mike Wallace Liberal Conservative Conservative iii OTHER MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT WHO PARTICIPATED Bill Casey John Maloney Joe Comartin Hon. Diane Marleau Patricia Davidson Alexa McDonough Hon. Ken Dryden Serge Ménard Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • C-6 CANADA YEAR BOOK the Hon. Hedard Robichaud, April 22, 1963
    C-6 CANADA YEAR BOOK The Hon. Hedard Robichaud, April 22, 1963 The Hon. Leonard Stephen Marchand, The Hon. Roger Teillet, April 22, 1963 September 15, 1976 The Hon. Charies Mills Drury, April 22, 1963 The Hon. John Roberts, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Maurice Sauve, February 3, 1964 The Hon. Monique Begin, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Yvon Dupuis, February 3, 1964 The Hon. Jean-Jacques Blais, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Edgar John Benson, June 29, 1964 The Hon. Francis Fox, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Leo Alphonse Joseph Cadieux, The Hon. Anthony Chisholm Abbott, February 15, 1965 September 15, 1976 The Hon. Lawrence T. Pennell, July 7, 1965 The Hon. lona Campagnolo, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Jean-Luc Pepin, July 7, 1965 The Hon. Joseph-Philippe Guay, November 3, 1976 The Hon. Alan Aylesworth Macnaughton, The Hon. John Henry Horner, April 21, 1977 October 25, 1965 The Hon. Norman A. Cafik, September 16, 1977 The Hon. Jean Marchand, December 18, 1965 The Hon. J. Gilles Lamontagne, January 19, 1978 The Hon. Joseph Julien Jean-Pierre Cote, The Hon. John M. Reid, November 24, 1978 December 18, 1965 The Hon. Pierre De Bane, November 24, 1978 TheRt. Hon. John Napier Turner, December 18, 1965 The Rt. Hon. Charles Joseph (Joe) Clark, June 4, 1979 The Rt. Hon. Pierre Elliott Trudeau, April 4, 1967 The Hon. Flora Isabel MacDonald, June 4, 1979 The Hon. Joseph-Jacques-Jean Chretien, April 4, 1967 The Hon. James A. McGrath, June 4, 1979 The Hon. Pauline Vanier, April II, 1967 The Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Partial Histories: Constituting a Conflict between Women's Equality Rights and Indigenous Sovereignty in Canada Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/59c8k7c0 Author Painter, Genevieve Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Partial Histories: Constituting a Conflict between Women's Equality Rights and Indigenous Sovereignty in Canada by Genevieve Painter A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge Professor Calvin K. Morrill, Chair Professor Leti P. Volpp Professor Marianne Constable Fall 2015 Abstract Partial Histories: Constituting a Conflict between Women's Equality Rights and Indigenous Sovereignty in Canada by Genevieve Painter Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy University of California, Berkeley Professor Calvin K. Morrill, Chair This dissertation is a history of an idea, a retelling of a simple story about an idea as a complicated one, and an explanation of the effects of believing the simple story. From 1869 to 1985, to be an Indian in the eyes of the Canadian state – to be a “status Indian” – a person had to have a status Indian father. The Canadian government registered a population of Indigenous people as status Indians and decided that Indian status passed along the male line. If an Indian man married a non-Indian woman, his wife gained status and their children were status Indians. In contrast, if a status Indian woman married a non-Indian man, she lost her Indian status, and her children were not status Indians.
    [Show full text]
  • The Politics of Priority Management: an Examination of the Special
    THE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA THE POLITICS OF PRIORITY MANAGEMENT AN EXA}ÍINATfON OF THE SPECIAL RECOVERY CAPITAL PROJECTS PROGRAM BY JAMES EGAN A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfil-lment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL STUDTES WINNTPEG, MANTTOBA R3T 2N2 CANADA ,,,ä., APRIL 1987 iii:i:i Permission has been granted L'autorisation a êté accordée to the National Library of à la Bibliothèque nationale Canada to microfilm this du Canada de microfilmer thesis and to lend or seI1 cette thèse et de prêter ou copies of the film. de vendre des exemplaires du f ilm. The author (copyright owner) L'auteur (titutaire du droit has reserved other d' auteur) se réserve Ies publication rights, and autres droits de publication; neither the thes is nor ni Ia thèse ni de longs extensive extracts from it extraits de celle-ci ne may be prinLed or otherwise doivent être imprimês ou reproduced without his/her autrement reproduits sans son written permission. autorisation écrite. rsBN r_r-3i_5-37445-4 ' THE POLITICS OF PRIORITY I"IANAGEMENT : AN EXAI'IINATION OF THE SPECIAL RECOVERY CAPITAL PROJECTS PROGRAM BY JA}ßS EGAN A rhesis subnritted ro thc Faculry of Graduate Studies of the u¡liversity of Ma¡ritoba in partial fullillment of the requirenrents of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS o 1987 Permissio¡¡ has beerr granted ro the LIBRARY OF THE UNIVER- SITY OF MANITOBA ro lend or sell copies of this thesis, to the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CANADA ro microfitnr this thesis a¡rd to lend or sell copies ol" the film, and UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS to publish an absrracr of this ttresis.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report
    Annual Report 2011-2012 Fiscal Year Ending March 31, 2012 Table of Contents Annual Report 2011-2012 2011-2012:Highlights ................................................................................................................... 3 Programming Research ................................................................................................................................ 4 Patriation Negotiations Conference ......................................................................... 4 Research Fellow ........................................................................................................ 6 Publications .............................................................................................................. 6 o Journals ....................................................................................................... 7 o Books ........................................................................................................... 8 Public Legal Education .......................................................................................................... 8 Website .................................................................................................................... 9 Speakers and Events ................................................................................................. 10 o Speakers ...................................................................................................... 10 o Annual McDonald Lecture ..........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Support for Canadian TV Urged Farewell Dinner Held
    Support for Canadian TV urged By RON WATMOUGH There's no comparison liefs, values and behavior. stabbed or robbed on televi­ Herald Staff Writer with this situation in the But television "can't be sion it becomed a "normal The outlook on winning world, Clarkson said. made a scapegoat for all our event, not horrifying as it the battle to have television "There's no other country problems. acid rain, the really is." in Canada reflect the Cana­ that receives television un­ decline in church-going and Violence on television dian scene "is not too hot," interrupted from another political wrangles," she should be limited and that a veteran television broad­ country." Programs coming said. Without television can only come through polit­ caster said Saturday. across borders in Western there would still be moral ical pressure, said A similarity between Ca­ Europe are "jammed," she confusion, permissiveness Clarkson. nadians and Americans said. and other problems. A Canadian child of five makes U.S. television pro­ Canadians going overseas Television is said to mir­ has already viewed 200 grams readily acceptable in are "astonished" to find ror social and cultural hours of violence on televi­ Canada, Adrienne Clarkson that in England they see changes but there's concern sion. At 14 years he has seen of CBC's Fifth Estate said only English television. It is it goes beyond and contrib­ 13,000 killings. "It's an ex­ in an interview. the same in France and utes to shaping events and aggerated view of life," "But it's a superficial other European countries.
    [Show full text]