ISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2011 Check List and Authors Chec List Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br Journal of species lists and distribution Lentibulariaceae, Serra de São José, Minas Gerais, Brazil PECIES S OF ISTS L 1* 1 1 2 Nílber Gonçalves da Silva , Ruy José Válka Alves , Jorge Fontella Pereira and Fernando Rivadavia 1 Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Botânica. Quinta da Boa Vista. CEP 20940-040. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. [email protected] 2 Daniel Burnham Ct; San Francisco, 94109, CA, USA. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: campo rupestre The Serra de São José is a mountain range within Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) biome, situated in the south of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The predominant vegetation of the study area is (Brazilian rocky savanna). The latter formation, better known from the Espinhaço Chain, is the scene of many speciation events and comprises several rare species. Thirteen species of the family Lentibulariaceae belonging to the two genera occurring in Brazil are listed, briefly diagnosed, and ecologically commented herein. Introduction rupestre and forest biotas of the Serra de São José comprise The campos rupestres many endemic and endangered species, and this fact alone concentrated mainly along the Espinhaço chain, on the form a mosaic of rocky savannas chain, the campo rupestre justifies the range as a priority area for conservation at both Brazilian shield. Though the Serra de São José lies over 100 the state and federal levels (Alves and Kolbek 2009). Alves km to the south of the Espinhaço and Kolbek (2009) have recently described and discussed flora of this relatively small range comprises several the florapresent and studyvegetation includes of the more Serra taxa, de Sãomorphological José as the endemic plant taxa (Alves and Kolbek 2009). The variety result of more than twenty years of research. However, of permanently or temporarily humid environments in these ecosystems makes this vegetation complex favorable and ecological descriptions, and a dichotomous key for to the growth of numerous species of carnivorous plants. taxonomic identification. These have adapted to poor waterlogged soils with low available Nitrogen – a common condition for the litholic soils of Minas Gerais state. As a part of a floristic project conducted by the Department of Botany of the Nationalcampos rupestresMuseum, and of the MSc dissertation of the first author, this survey aims to contribute to the floristics of The family and toLentibulariaceae the taxonomy ofis representedBrazilian carnivorous in Brazil andplant in taxa. the study area by two genera: Genlisea Utricularia A. St.-Hil. and Materials L. and Methods Study Site The Serra de São José is a small range which consists of several mountains with elevations from 900 to 1,430 m a.s.l., aligned from SSW to NNE just NE of the town of Tiradentes and W of Prados, state of Minas Gerais, Figure 1. Brazil (Figure 1).campo The range rupestre is less than 2 km wide and roughly 15 km long. The top and a large part of its flanks Data collection Location of the Serra de São José, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. withare covered cerrado by vegetation, occasionally interrupted by gallery forest and small pockets of latosol vegetation. The local climate is characterized Field trips were undertaken during all seasons from by rainy summer and arid winter. The range is recognized 2007 to 2009 in order to sample all encountered species, as an area of extreme importance for nature conservationcampo Lentibulariaceaeto obtain photographs is treated and hereinto investigate because thethe seasonalDrosera within the state of Minas Gerais (PROBIO 2004). Apart behavior of all carnivorous plant taxa. Only the family from their relatively large species richness, the Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 2 | 2011 120 Silva et al. | Lentibulariaceae, Serra de São José, Brazil of them belonging to the genus Genlisea Utricularia species found are still being studied by us. The specimens, A. St.-Hil. and either dried or preserved in alcohol, were deposited 10 to the genus L. These numbers reveal the as vouchers at the Museu Nacional (R) and also at the richness of the species composition on this relatively small Universidade de São Paulo (SPF) herbaria. similarmountain appearance range. and size, they can be distinguished All ecological and morphological information, including Though both of these generaGenlisea have aerial organs of ofthe Utricularia identification pubescens key, were, which based wasonly basedon plants on andsamples data Utricularia collected in the study area, except for the flower color by the number of sepals, 5 in andUtricularia two (rarely, but three) in , and by the shape of the Genliseautricle- and observations made in other sites and on literature. bearing leaf which is a relatively simple in Some species were successfully kept alive in cultivation rather elongated and having delimited regions in and produced flowers, generating extra material for Key(Fromm-Trinta to Lentibulariaceae 1996). species from Serra de São determination. The identification key was elaborated José: based mainly on reproductive characters in order to ease the identification due to the lack or meagerness of 1. vegetative parts in many dried herbarium specimens. 2 (Genlisea spp.) However, vegetative characters are provided for all species 1´. Calyx with 5 lobes. Trap as an elongate bifurcate spiral . Resultsin the diagnoses. and Discussion ...................................................................................4 (Utricularia spp.) Calyx with 2 lobes (rarely 3). Trap vesicular. …………… for the entire year are limited to the areas directly in contact 2.……...............................................………………. withIn the the margins Espinhaço of medium chain, the to localities large streams which which remain do wetnot G. violacea 2´. Corolla purple/violet. Spur nearly parallel to the pedicel. Fruit with longitudinal dehiscence. …...………..... 3 matter,dry up duringbut the the low cool plant and species arid winter. richness These in sitessome usually areas Corolla yellow. Spur nearly parallel to the lower lip. have a considerable amount Drosera of decomposing organic 3.Fruit Spur with with circumsissile apex from truncate dehiscence. to subtruncate, …...................................... as long as covered by dense colonies of , another carnivorous G. filiformis plant genus, reveal their oligotrophic condition. The acidity the3´. Spurlower with lip. Pedicelsapex from sparsely obtuse covered to acute, with noticeably trichomes. longer ..... of the water which bathes these soils (pH ~4.5) also favors .............................................................................................. seasonalthe occurrence oscillations of perennial of humidity, species. being waterlogged or at G. pygmaea On the other hand, the sites subjected to considerable than the lower lip. Pedicels densely covered by trichomes. 4............................................................................................... 5 least very wet in the summer and dry in the winter, are 4´. 8 outcrops,inhabited especiallyby annual those species which of dipLentibulariaceae. northward and Each are Corolla white or greenish. …………………….........……..……… year the first rains quickly hydrate the moss layers on the 5. Corolla yellow or violet/purple. .................……………...…... 6 often composed of Sphagnum Campylopus 5´. 7 seedshence ofmore some exposed Lentibulariaceae to the sun. suchOn those as Genlisea moss cushions, violacea Lower lip entire. …………………………………………………….. and Utricularia amethystina sp. and sp., 6. Lower lip 3-lobed. ………………………………………...……...…U. pubescens 6´. U. simulans germinate. Calyx lobes entire. …………………………...……. In the summer, the shallow sand layer directly overlying 7. Calyx lobes laciniate. …………………………...…. bedrock is often saturated to the point at which a thin U. neottioides layer of water covers the substrate, slowly converging into 7´. Corolla white or greenish. Spur short and curved, not temporary streams. These areas are covered with many exceeding the lower lip. .......………………………..U. amethystina Cyperaceae, Eriocaulaceae, Poaceae, and Xyridaceae. In Corolla white. Spur long and straight, conspicuously asplaces Utricularia where theselaciniata habitats, Utricularia are preserved simulans or and only Genlisea mildly 8.exceeding the lower lip. .......……………...……… 9 filiformisdegraded by grazing livestock and fire, annual species such 8´. 13 Corolla yellow. ………………………………………………………… can be found. These sitesUtricularia are flat to neottioides: mildly sloping the 9. Corolla purple/violet. …....…………………………......………...U. simulans and occur on the tabletop summits of the range. 9´. 10 A curious habit is that of Calyx laciniate. .……………………………………… plant adheres to the rocky bottom of active watercourses 10.Calyx Spur entire.with obtuse .....…………………………………………………..… apex, approximately twice as long as by means of an apressory, whence it develops submerged U. amethystina Thisrunners species with forms few dense traps. colonies Subsequently and the dried it remains emits 10´. Spur with acute or acuminate apex, as long as or up to inflorescences which protrude above the water surface. the lower lip. …....…………………...……………… 11 of it can still be observed attached to the bedrock during 11.1/3 shorter or longer than the lower lip. ….....……………... the dry season. U. triloba in herbariaBased on and previous on the floristicresults ofsurveys many recentin the