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Download Article (PDF) Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 297 International Conference on Interdisciplinary Language, Literature and Education (ICILLE 2018) Metaphorical Expressions in News Discourses of Setya Novanto’s Graft Case Zamzani Yogyakarta State University Yayuk Eny Rahayu Ahmad Wahyudin Yogyakarta, Indonesia Yogyakarta State University Yogyakarta State University [email protected] Yogyakarta, Indonesia Yogyakarta, Indonesia Abstract—This study focuses on news discourse analysis. It Novanto a suspect as he was claimed to work together with aims at examining the representation of metaphorical the first two convicts in the case, Irman dan Sugiarto. expression in the news discourses of Setya Novanto’s graft In 2017, the e-ID Project graft was the spotlight of the case, and the types of news discourses in which they are national newspapers as Setnov (in this study hereafter called expressed.Drawing on qualitative design, news texts pertaining Setya Novanto, Setnov and Novanto) was former House of to electronic-ID graft case from three national media Republika, Kompas, and Media Indonesia were Representatives speaker. This case was considered a big one collectedthrough close reading and note taking, and analyzed as it implicated Setnov and other high-profile politicians. It using pragmatic correpondence. The results show that the even highly affected the existence of some political parties news discourses of the electronic-ID graft case are delivered and the current administration. Setnov with all means and using metaphorical expressions, euphemism in particular, to false argumentations kept denying and rejecting his convey the intended meanings of the writers. These responsibility in the case. As a result, the case was expressions are found in the headline news and subheadline phenomenal and interested to be investigated thoroughly by news. the journalists. The society highly anticipated its proceeding and developments. In covering the case, mass media are Keywords—metaphorical expression, Setya Novanto expected to be neutral and fair. However, in reality some media are seen to take a certain side in spreading information I. INTRODUCTION through the news discourses. News production in the world of newspaper is closely Based on the background, this study aims to investigate related to the background of the writer since the journalist is the ideology of a number of national newspapers. It seeks the advocate of the newspaper’s ideology in question. News how independent these newspapers are in conveying news writing is always planned. For example, to write news about about Setnov’s case. The Media and journalists are expected corruption, there are numerous backgrounds that the to deliver the content of the news frankly and fairly. A journalist should cover to focus on the news story. The journalist’s job is just to write the news story without adding background of the perpetrator, the KPK investigators as the or distorting the facts of the events for any hidden aggenda. commision for investigating the corruption case, or To this end, drawing on Critical Discourse Analysis this prosecution indicted to the suspect in the corruption case study attempts to reveal the ideology and the views of each becomes the basis for writing the news. Each topic will be newspaper. elaborated in line with the vision and mission of the The paradigm of critical discourse can be used to study newspaper. The partiality becomes the main aspect how the mass media as an entity that is value-free. This paradigm is newspaper presents the news story that can shape the opinion rapidly developing and has caught the attention of linguists. of the public in line with the frame and the ideology of the It is strongly held that studies on discourse analysis have media. execeeded the principles of conventional linguistics. The same thing happens to the news about the case of e- Discourse is no longer seen as language organization above KTP (hereafter e-ID) embezzlement that implicated Setya the clause, focusing on text and talk. It is now instead seen as Novanto. The case took the front page for some time and involving sociopolitical and ideological factors. As a result, even became the headline of the national news. The case at later developments, there have been various studies on started to be on the news in 2013. At that time, Nazarudin discourse analysis such as seeing the relation between who was convicted of graft in relation to the e-ID project discourse and the ideology of the society, the relation mentioned both Setya Novanto and Anas Urbaningrum between discourse and politics, which are now known as taking the role in the graft case. The case again caught the Critical Discourse Analysis. national spotlight in 2016 when Nazarudin mentioned Setya Disocurse itself is a series of utterances or speech acts that Novanto’s name as the coordinator for the distribution of the represent a subject presented orderly, systematically, as a money embezzled from the project. In 2017, the case reached coherent whole formed by both segmental and non- its peak as it was made the headline by almost all segmental elements of language [1]. Setiawan [2] gives a newspapers. In June 2017, the chair of the prosecutors named different thought about it; discourse is a spoken or written Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 475 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 297 text seen from a particular ideology, values and other tabulation with qualitative explanation. The tabulated data categories. Discourse, thus, is a process of communication were then interpreted according to the theme. All data through symbols related to interpretations and events in a obtained were examined by drawing on critical discourse wider societal system, and ideology and values held by the analysis [4]. He divides the analysis into three dimensions, society. Discourse analysis is now seen to operate on social text analysis (linguistic analysis) focusing on the diction, and political areas closely related to the society, although in semantic and clause. The analysis was then followed by the first place it was aimed only to describe the language use, examining the cohesion and coherence among diction and or what the language is for [3]. clauses as to form a discourse. The next analysis was on the Fairclough in [4] argues that discourse refers to the use of sociocultural practice dimension. The social context is language as social practice, more than individual practice and considered to influence how a discourse is presented by the resulting in a number of implication. He divides discourse media [5]. into three dimensions (1) text, (2) discourse practice, and (3) The validity of the data was on the content and the sociocultural practice. Text refers to the analysis of text semantic aspect. The former was considered to provide the based on linguistic by looking at words, semantic and concepts that were measurable, the textual aspect of news grammar in addition to cohesion and coherent aspects about Setnov, while the latter was used to interpret the data Drawing on CDA this study is focused on text analysis at by considering the meaning to reveal the aspects of linguistic level. The focus of the study is to examine the discourse and sociocultural. choice of metaphorical diction in the titles of the news. Reliability of the data was obtained through interrater, Metaphor refers to a figure of speech to which literal while the validity was obtained through interrater. The meaning is not applicable; it is instead an analogy based on Researchers discussed all the interpretations together. Prior similarity and comparison. Diction with metaphorical load is to the data analysis, they adjusted their perception regarding a word or figure of speech in which meaning is not the news about Setya Novanto. Every piece of news was understood from the symbol because the intended meaning recorded and interpreted to reveal that the discourse lies in the language prediction bounded by the context. In embodied the social context and dynamic in the internal and other words, metaphor is the abstraction of a concept which external scope of the media. In this way, how the national contains understanding and experience which is represented mass media covered the e-ID graft case in their news so that by something else. The investigation of the metaphoric forms it can be seen how a text is used to win over idea struggle, in this study is based on critical discourse analysis on interest, or to maintain a certain ideology. Setnov’s online news. The goal is to examine the representation of choice of diction in the news about Setya III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Novanto’s case. This section presents the results obtained and following by The rest of this paper is organized as follow: Section II discussion. describes the proposed method. Section III presents the A. Text representation through Metaphor and Euphemism obtained result and following by discussion. Finally Section in the news discourse of Setya Novanto’s case IV concludes this work. To understand the construction of the news discourse II. PROPOSED METHOD texts, 20 topics were selected from 48 titles of online news This study was a qualitative study drawing on critical discourses on Setya Novanto’s case. These topics were discourse analysis. Considered as the representatives of the covered by the three newspapers with different quality of national press with different ideology, three online cover. This indicates that the three national newspapers newspapers, Kompas, Republika, and Media Indonesia were differ in the way they covered the story. Based on the selected as the data source. Well known for their reputation, quality of the news, the ideology of the media in covering the news the provided was considered accurate and reliable.
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