Special Base Running Situations
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Time to Drop the Infield Fly Rule and End a Common Law Anomaly
A STEP ASIDE TIME TO DROP THE INFIELD FLY RULE AND END A COMMON LAW ANOMALY ANDREW J. GUILFORD & JOEL MALLORD† I1 begin2 with a hypothetical.3 It’s4 the seventh game of the World Series at Wrigley Field, Mariners vs. Cubs.5 The Mariners lead one to zero in the bottom of the ninth, but the Cubs are threatening with no outs and the bases loaded. From the hopeful Chicago crowd there rises a lusty yell,6 for the team’s star batter is advancing to the bat. The pitcher throws a nasty † Andrew J. Guilford is a United States District Judge. Joel Mallord is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania Law School and a law clerk to Judge Guilford. Both are Dodgers fans. The authors thank their friends and colleagues who provided valuable feedback on this piece, as well as the editors of the University of Pennsylvania Law Review for their diligent work in editing it. 1 “I is for Me, Not a hard-hitting man, But an outstanding all-time Incurable fan.” OGDEN NASH, Line-Up for Yesterday: An ABC of Baseball Immortals, reprinted in VERSUS 67, 68 (1949). Here, actually, we. See supra note †. 2 Baseball games begin with a ceremonial first pitch, often resulting in embarrassment for the honored guest. See, e.g., Andy Nesbitt, UPDATE: 50 Cent Fires back at Ridicule over His “Worst” Pitch, FOX SPORTS, http://www.foxsports.com/buzzer/story/50-cent-worst-first-pitch-new-york- mets-game-052714 [http://perma.cc/F6M3-88TY] (showing 50 Cent’s wildly inaccurate pitch and his response on Instagram, “I’m a hustler not a damn ball player. -
Basic Baseball Fundamentals Batting
Basic Baseball Fundamentals Batting Place the players in a circle with plenty of room between each player with the Command Coach in the center. Other coaches should be outside the circle observing. If someone needs additional help or correction take that individual outside the circle. When corrected have them rejoin the circle. Each player should have a bat. Batting: Stance/Knuckles/Ready/Load-up/Sqwish/Swing/Follow Thru/Release Stance: Players should be facing the instructor with their feet spread apart as wide as is comfortable, weight balanced on both feet and in a straight line with the instructor. Knuckles: Players should have the bat in both hands with the front (knocking) knuckles lined up as close as possible. Relaxed Ready: Position that the batter should be in when the pitcher is looking in for signs and is Ready to pitch. In a proper stance with the knocking knuckles lined up, hands in front of the body at armpit height and the bat resting on the shoulder. Relaxed Load-up: Position the batter takes when the pitcher starts to wind up or on the first movement after the stretch position. When the pitcher Loads-up to pitch, the batter Loads-up to hit. Shift weight to the back foot. Pivot on the front foot, which will raise the heel slightly off the ground. Hands go back and up at least to shoulder height (Hands up). By shifting the weight to the back foot, pivoting on the front foot and moving the hands back and up, it will move the batter into an attacking position. -
Analysis of Softball Pitching (PDF)
1 Softball Pitching Technique Marion J.L. Alexander, PhD. Carolyn Taylor, MSc Sport Biomechanics Laboratory Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management University of Manitoba Softball Pitching Technique Softball pitching is the most important skill in the game of softball, as the pitcher can dominate as no other player is able to do. Softball is usually a low scoring game in which only one or two runs are scored during the entire game, often due to the dominance of a highly skilled pitcher. Pitchers require several years to perfect their technique and gain control over the speed and direction of their pitches. Softball pitchers use an underhand motion that is not as stressful to the shoulder joint as the overhand pitch used in baseball. Softball pitchers can often pitch several games in one day, and often have an extended career of many years due to the lower stress levels on the shoulder joint. A softball pitcher may pitch as many as six 7-inning games during a weekend tournament; and often the best pitcher on a college team pitches most, if not all of the games each season (Werner, Guido et al. 2005). This may result in approximately 1200-1500 pitches being thrown in a 3-day period for a windmill pitcher, as compared to 100-150 for a baseball pitcher (Werner, Guido et al. 2005). The softball pitch is a relatively simple motion, consisting of a step forward from the mound onto the foot on the non pitching arm side, weight shift onto this foot, and rotation of the shoulders and trunk to a position facing the batter. -
Cache Area Youth Baseball Bylaws
Cache Area Youth Baseball Bylaws Majors Age – 2018 Current Year National Federation of High School Associations (NFHS – Highschool rules will be followed with the following exemptions. 1. Divisions will draft teams in a way that creates balance of skill between teams as possible. 2. League age is the player's age on April 30th of the current playing year. 3. Home team will be determined by the schedule. 4. Each Team is to provide a new or good conditioned baseball to the ump at each game. Balls will be returned the teams. 5. Length of games will be 6 innings or 80 minutes; no new inning after 75 min. In the event of inclement weather or other prohibitive playing conditions, a game is considered a complete game after 40 min of play ending in a complete inning. Incomplete games will be rescheduled and will resume from the point where the game left off with pitchers returning to the mound to pitch at least one batter. Play to complete game. 6. Game time to be announced to both coaches by the umpire. Time begins when the home team takes the field. 7. The 10 run mercy rule is in effect after 4 completed innings of play. There is not a per inning run rule. 8. Extra Innings: Games ending in a tie will play only 1 extra inning using the International Tie Break Rule. Each team will start with a Runner on second base for each half of the inning. The runner placed at second base will be the last out of the previous inning. -
First and Third
Cutoffs and Relays • Every player on the field, including the pitcher, has a responsibility and a place to be on every cutoff and relay situation. • The voice commands we use are: We will not say anything if we want the ball to come through to the base we are directing to – we will say the number of the base that we wants the ball “cut and relayed” to (2-2-2,3-3-3,4-4-4) • “Cut” means “cut the ball” and “control the play” • The catcher will direct the play as it develops to home plate. • The third baseman will direct the play as it develops to third base. • On a double, possible triple, the trail infielder will direct the play for the lead infielder. • We want the outfielders to make longer throw and “hit the first cutoff man in the chest.” • Infielders STOP moving when the outfielder picks up the ball. We want the outfielder to throw to a stationary target: open and give with good throws. NEVER jump or short hop relay throw. • All sure doubles, possible triples, with nobody on first base, we line up with a double cut to third. • All SURE doubles, possible triples, with nobody on first base, we ine up with a double cut to home plate. • Trail infielder lines up the play and directs the play. • Infielders must know your outfielders arm strength and position yourself accordingly. • Trail infielder must position yourself to catch a high throw and/or a throw that will short hop the lead infielder so you can catch it on one bounce. -
Usssa Fastpitch Rule Book
OFFICIAL FASTPITCH PLAYING RULES and BY-LAWS Fourteenth Edition USSSA, LLC 611 Line Dr Kissimmee, FL 34744 (800) 741-3014 www.usssa.com USSSA National Offices will relocate April 17, 2017: USSSA, LLC 5800 Stadium Parkway Viera, FL 32940 (800) 741-3014 www.usssa.com 14th Edition (2-18 Online revision) 1 USSSA FASTPITCH RULES & BY-LAWS FOURTEENTH EDITION Table of Contents Classifications and Age Requirements ................................................................................4 Changes in Fourteenth Edition Playing Rules ....................................................................5 USSSA Official Fastpitch Playing Rules FOURTEENTH EDITION .............................6 RULE 1. PLAYING FIELD ................................................................................................6 RULE 2. EQUIPMENT ......................................................................................................8 RULE 3. DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................................16 RULE 4. THE GAME .......................................................................................................25 RULE 5. PLAYERS AND SUBSTITUTES ....................................................................28 RULE 6. PITCHING RULE .............................................................................................33 RULE 7. BATTING ...........................................................................................................37 RULE 8. BASE RUNNING ..............................................................................................40 -
Mt. Airy Baseball Rules Majors: Ages 11-12
______________ ______________ “The idea of community . the idea of coming together. We’re still not good at that in this country. We talk about it a lot. Some politicians call it “family”. At moments of crisis we are magnificent in it. At those moments we understand community, helping one another. In baseball, you do that all the time. You can’t win it alone. You can be the best pitcher in baseball, but somebody has to get you a run to win the game. It is a community activity. You need all nine players helping one another. I love the bunt play, the idea of sacrifice. Even the word is good. Giving your self up for the whole. That’s Jeremiah. You find your own good in the good of the whole. You find your own fulfillment in the success of the community. Baseball teaches us that.” --Mario Cuomo 90% of this game is half mental. --- Yogi Berra Table of Contents A message from the “Comish” ……………………………………… 1 Mission Statement ……………………………………………………… 2 Coaching Goals ……………………………………………………… 3 Basic First Aid ……………………………………………………… 5 T-Ball League ……………………………………………………… 7 Essential Skills Rules Schedule AA League ………………………………………………………. 13 Essential Skills Rules Schedule AAA League ………………………………………………………… 21 Essential Skills Rules Schedule Major League …………………………………………………………. 36 Essential Skills Rules Schedule Playoffs Rules and Schedule…………………………………………….. 53 Practice Organization Tips ..…………………………… ………………….. 55 Photo Schedule ………………………………………………………………….. 65 Welcome to Mt. Airy Baseball Mt. Airy Baseball is a great organization. It has been providing play and instruction to boys and girls between the ages of 5 and 17 for more than thirty years. In that time, the league has grown from twenty players on two teams to more than 600 players in five age divisions, playing on 45 teams. -
Defensive Responsibilities for the Second Baseman
DEFENSIVE RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE SECOND BASEMAN Here are the defensive responsibilities at second base: • Cover first base on a bunt. Most bunt defenses have the first baseman crashing. The second baseman must get to the bag quickly and take the throw as if he were the first baseman. • Sprint to back up a play at first base. Get to the foul line behind first base as quickly as possible. • Communicate with the shortstop and the pitcher on the possibility of a comebacker. Either the Shortstop or the second baseman must know in advance who will take the throw from the pitcher on a comebacker (with a runner at first base.) • Change defensive positioning with a runner at first base. Play at double play depth; in three or four steps and over a few steps toward the bag. “Pinch the middle.” • Cover first base on a play at the plate with the first baseman the cutoff. • Be aware that you have priority on pop fouls behind first base. • Communicate with the shortstop with a runner on first base-“yes, yes-no, no.” It is important for the middle infielders to communicate with each other during the course of a game. This situation arises frequently in a game: a runner on first and the hitter hits a ground ball to either the second baseman or the shortstop. The off –infielder must let the fielder know where to throw the ball, either to first base or the easier play at second. If for instance, the ball is hit to the shortstop the second baseman must sprint to the bag in time to give him directions where to throw the ball. -
Here Comes the Strikeout
LEVEL 2.0 7573 HERE COMES THE STRIKEOUT BY LEONARD KESSLER In the spring the birds sing. The grass is green. Boys and girls run to play BASEBALL. Bobby plays baseball too. He can run the bases fast. He can slide. He can catch the ball. But he cannot hit the ball. He has never hit the ball. “Twenty times at bat and twenty strikeouts,” said Bobby. “I am in a bad slump.” “Next time try my good-luck bat,” said Willie. “Thank you,” said Bobby. “I hope it will help me get a hit.” “Boo, Bobby,” yelled the other team. “Easy out. Easy out. Here comes the strikeout.” “He can’t hit.” “Give him the fast ball.” Bobby stood at home plate and waited. The first pitch was a fast ball. “Strike one.” The next pitch was slow. Bobby swung hard, but he missed. “Strike two.” “Boo!” Strike him out!” “I will hit it this time,” said Bobby. He stepped out of the batter’s box. He tapped the lucky bat on the ground. He stepped back into the batter’s box. He waited for the pitch. It was fast ball right over the plate. Bobby swung. “STRIKE TRHEE! You are OUT!” The game was over. Bobby’s team had lost the game. “I did it again,” said Bobby. “Twenty –one time at bat. Twenty-one strikeouts. Take back your lucky bat, Willie. It was not lucky for me.” It was not a good day for Bobby. He had missed two fly balls. One dropped out of his glove. -
Brentsville District Youth Baseball's Player Development Strategy and Guide
Brentsville District Youth Baseball’s Player Development Strategy and Guide Spring 2013 I. Introduction One of Brentsville District Youth Baseball’s (BDYB) primary objectives is to develop well‐rounded baseball players. Coaches play a critical role in this objective. Although there is no “cookie‐cutter” approach to coaching, having a uniform player development strategy will enable coaches to appropriately work with players in order to develop age appropriate skills and an age appropriate understanding of the strategies and rules of baseball. As part of the Babe Ruth League and Cal Ripken Baseball, BDYB makes every effort to adhere to the models those organizations have established over their decades of experience. When considering what is the best time to teach players baseball skills Cal Ripken Baseball noted, “… games do not usually offer an atmosphere that is conducive to teaching. A lot of excitement, energy, tension, interference, and distractions surround games, making it extremely difficult to communicate any type of teachings or lessons to a player.” Like Cal Ripken Baseball, BDYB believes that practice is the best time to address situations that occur in games and to perfect other areas of play. Unfortunately, baseball practice has a reputation (sometimes deserved) for being boring and tedious. This is because baseball requires the development of so many fine motor skills—throwing, catching, hitting, and so on. And in order to properly execute these skills in a game, the player must develop the correct muscle memory, and this requires repetition‐ a great deal of repetition. Therein lays the challenges to coaches. How do you get your players to participate in so much repetitive work, ensuring they learn, develop, maintain, and perfect critical skills and still keep their attention and make sure they are having fun? Bob Bennett, one of the most winning Division I baseball coaches, said that it is virtuously impossible to conduct baseball practice without using drills. -
Ripken Baseball Camps and Clinics
Basic Fundamentals of Outfield Play Outfield play, especially at the youth levels, often gets overlooked. Even though the outfielder is not directly involved in the majority of plays, coaches need to stress the importance of the position. An outfielder has to be able to maintain concentration throughout the game, because there may only be one or two hit balls that come directly to that player during the course of the contest. Those plays could be the most important ones. There also are many little things an outfielder can do -- backing up throws and other outfielders, cutting off balls and keeping runners from taking extra bases, and throwing to the proper cutoffs and bases – that don’t show up in a scorebook, but can really help a team play at a high level. Straightaway Positioning All outfielders – all fielders for that matter – must understand the concept of straightaway positioning. For an outfielder, the best way to determine straightaway positioning is to reference the bases. By drawing an imaginary line from first base through second base and into left field, the left fielder can determine where straightaway left actually is. The right fielder can do the same by drawing an imaginary line from third base through second base and into the outfield. The center fielder can simply use home plate and second base in a similar fashion. Of course, the actual depth that determines where straightaway is varies from age group to age group. Outfielders will shift their positioning throughout the game depending on the situation, the pitcher and the batter. But, especially at the younger ages, an outfielder who plays too close to the line or too close to another fielder can 1 create a huge advantage for opposing hitters. -
ASA Official Rules of Softball Umpire Edition
Welcome! Pick here for General Table of Contents Pick here for Playing Rules Table of Contents On this information page you will find: General notes about this rulebook. Other Notes: General notes about this rulebook. SEARCH: This rulebook is presented using Adobe Acrobat®. This allows you the user to search the rulebook for specific text using the Adobe Acrobat®software search tool. Select the binocular icon, type in the word or phrase you are looking for and pick the search button. NAVIGATION: You may navigate the rulebook using the bookmarks shown on the left or from either of the Table of Contents pages. To Navigate using the bookmarks simply select the title of the bookmark and the Acrobat software will take you to that page. To navigate from a Table of Contents page simply select the title or page number you wish to go to. RETURNING TO THE UMPIRE MECHANICS SOFTWARE: The umpire mechanics software is still running when you launch this rulebook. This allows you to switch between the umpire mechanics software and this rulebook. There are several ways to accomplish this on a windows machine. Most commonly the taskbar at the bottom of the screen or using the “Alt” and “Tab” key to cycle through the software programs that are running on your computer. SOFTBALL PLAYING RULES Copyright by the Amateur Softball Association of America REVISED 2005 “Permission to reprint THE OFFICIAL PLAYING RULES has been granted by THE AMATEUR SOFTBALL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA.” Where (Fast Pitch Only) is shown, Modified Pitch rules are followed the same as fast pitch with the exception of the pitching rule.