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Informática Para Administradores Hélio Lemes Costa Júnior 2015

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Informática Para Administradores Hélio Lemes Costa Júnior 2015 Especialização em GESTÃO PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL Informática para Administradores Hélio Lemes Costa Júnior 2015. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC. Esta obra está licenciada nos termos da Licença Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 3.0 Brasil, podendo a OBRA ser remixada, adaptada e servir para criação de obras derivadas, desde que com fins não comerciais, que seja atribuído crédito ao autor e que as obras derivadas sejam licenciadas sob a mesma licença. C837i Costa Júnior, Hélio Lemes Informática para administradores / Hélio Lemes Costa Júnior. – Florianópolis : Departamento de Ciências da Administração / UFSC; [Brasília] : CAPES : UAB, 2015. 128p. Inclui referências Especialização em Gestão Pública Municipal ISBN: 978-85-7988-263-0 1. Administração de empresas – Processamento de dados. 2. Sistemas de informação. 3. Tecnologia da informação. 4. Software de aplicação. 5. Hardware. 6. Educação a distância. I. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil). II. Universidade Aberta do Brasil. III. Título CDU: 658-52 Catalogação na publicação por: Onélia Silva Guimarães CRB-14/071 Ministério da Educação – MEC Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES Diretoria de Educação a Distância – DED Universidade Aberta do Brasil – UAB Programa Nacional de Formação em Administração Pública – PNAP Especialização em Gestão Pública Municipal Informática para Administradores Hélio Lemes Costa Júnior 2015 3ª Edição Revisada e Ampliada PRESIDÊNCIA DA REPÚBLICA MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR – CAPES DIRETORIA DE EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA DESENVOLVIMENTO DE RECURSOS DIDÁTICOS Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina AUTOR DO CONTEÚDO Hélio Lemes Costa Júnior EQUIPE TÉCNICA – UFSC Coordenação do Projeto Alexandre Marino Costa Coordenação de Produção de Recursos Didáticos Denise Aparecida Bunn Projeto Gráfico Adriano Schmidt Reibnitz Annye Cristiny Tessaro Editoração Cláudio José Girardi Designer Instrucional Sergio Luiz Meira Revisão Textual Sergio Luiz Meira Capa Alexandre Noronha Créditos da imagem da capa: extraída do banco de imagens Stock.xchng sob direitos livres para uso de imagem. Sumário Apresentação ...........................................................................................7 Unidade 1 – Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação ................................................ 11 As Calculadoras de Luxo ...................................................................... 13 A Era dos Relatórios Gerenciais ............................................................ 14 O Computador Chega às Pessoas ......................................................... 16 Conectividade e Multimídia .................................................................. 17 A Web Muda Tudo ................................................................................ 19 O Estouro da Bolha .............................................................................. 21 Estado da Técnica ................................................................................ 22 Sistemas de Informação: como as coisas se encaixam........................... 23 Objetivos dos Sistemas ......................................................................... 24 Componentes ....................................................................................... 25 Estrutura ............................................................................................... 28 Comportamento ................................................................................... 29 Ciclo de Vida ........................................................................................ 30 Unidade 2 – A Inteligência Está no Software A Inteligência Está no Software ................................................................. 39 As Forças do Mercado .......................................................................... 41 Software como Produto ........................................................................ 41 Software como Serviço ......................................................................... 43 Network Computers .............................................................................. 44 Sobrevive o Conceito ........................................................................... 45 Unidade 3 – Aplicativos: processadores de texto, planilha eletrônica e apre- sentação de slides Aplicativos: processadores de texto, planilha eletrônica e apresentação de slides ............................................................................... 51 Pacote de Aplicativos ............................................................................ 55 O Vencedor .......................................................................................... 57 As Opções Livres .................................................................................. 58 Aplicativos na Nuvem ........................................................................... 60 MS Office na Nuvem ............................................................................ 61 Inovações nos Pacotes .......................................................................... 62 Colaboração On-line............................................................................. 63 A Escolha ............................................................................................. 64 Unidade 4 – Estratégia de Dados e Tecnologia Estratégia de Dados e Tecnologia .............................................................. 71 Dados x Informações x Conhecimento ................................................. 71 Dados e Pessoas ................................................................................... 73 Data Warehouse e Data Mining ............................................................. 75 Business Intelligence ............................................................................. 76 Unidade 5 – Sistemas de Informação On-line Sistemas de Informação On-line ................................................................ 83 Apresentando a Tecnologia da Informação ........................................... 84 Os Tipos de TI ...................................................................................... 84 Os Níveis de Utilização da TI ................................................................ 86 Unidade 6 – Perspectivas para as TICs Perspectivas para as TICs ........................................................................ 107 Pioneira, Seguidora ou Retardatária ................................................... 108 Hardware ............................................................................................ 109 Considerações finais ................................................................................ 122 Referências .............................................................................................. 124 Minicurrículo ........................................................................................... 128 Apresentação Apresentação Olá estudante, Inicialmente, queremos lhe dar as boas-vindas e lhe preparar para o que vem pela frente. Achamos que nem é preciso lhe dizer o quanto a tecnologia da informação (ou a informática) tornou-se imprescindível para as operações de qualquer empresa. Você já deve ter sentido as transformações que ela causou no seu dia a dia como estudante e, se você trabalha em qualquer função, estamos certos de que utiliza computadores e softwares que lhe dão apoio e que, sem eles, você não conseguiria mais realizar seu trabalho. Como administrador, você terá que saber usar a tecnologia, mas também terá que geri-la como um recurso estratégico para a sua organização. A disciplina de Sistemas de Informação e Comunicação no Setor Público trata profundamente sobre planejamento estratégico e ferramentas de governança de tecnologia da informação. Portanto a abordagem nesta disciplina é muito mais “mão na massa” e “como fazer”. Com bons sistemas de informação se alcançam produtividade, agilidade, eficiência e uma série de objetivos que todos os gestores buscam, seja na iniciativa privada ou no setor público. Assim, a disciplina vai apresentar uma visão geral dos elementos que compõem um sistema de informação e as tecnologias que lhe dão suporte, mas também vai apresentar uma perspectiva crítica sobre os investimentos e a repercussão de se escolher a solução tecnológica certa para solucionar os problemas organizacionais. Então se prepare para conhecer mais sobre o poder dos softwares, pois é neles que está embutida a inteligência que vai tornar os negócios mais inteligentes também. Vamos tratar das transformações que a área de tecnologia sofreu depois que os computadores começaram a se 7 Informáti ca para Administradores comunicar uns com os outros em redes locais, depois regionais e mais tarde mundiais, causando profundas transformações nas noções de tempo e espaço que tínhamos anteriormente e exigindo uma dinâmica muito diferente da Administração. Um tema que não pode faltar em nenhuma disciplina de um curso de Administração é a Estratégia; mas aqui vamos falar de estratégia para lidar com dados e informações produzidos e manipulados por sistemas de informação. Como a tecnologia se alinha com as estratégias organizacionais? Cada tipo de organização vai exigir um olhar diferente sobre a tecnologia, mas não é só isso: dentro de uma mesma organização há mundos diferentes, onde a tecnologia tem que ser tratada de formas diferentes. A visão
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