JCTH Associate Editors Editorial Board OWNED by the SECOND AFFILIATED HOSPITAL Dr

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

JCTH Associate Editors Editorial Board OWNED by the SECOND AFFILIATED HOSPITAL Dr JCTH Associate Editors Editorial Board OWNED BY THE SECOND AFFILIATED HOSPITAL Dr. Timothy Billiar Prof. Lungen Lu Dr.Subrat Kumar Acharya Prof. Ying Han Dr. Qingfeng Sun OF CHONGQING MEDICAL UNIVERSITY F-1281 Presbyterian University Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of New Delhi, India Xi'an, China Wenzhou, China Pittsburgh, USA Medicine Dr. Piero Luigi Almasio Prof. Saeed Hamid Prof. Gloria Taliani Shanghai, China Dr. John Birk Palermo, Italy Karachi, Parkistan Roma, Italy Editors-in-Chief University of Connecticut Dr. John Luk Farmington, USA Johnson & Johnson Medical Ltd. Dr. Costica Aloman Dr. Kazuhiko Hayashi Prof. Hong Tang Shanghai, China New York, USA Nagoya, Japan Chengdu, China Prof. Hong Ren Prof. Limin Chen Peking Union Medical College Prof. Yen-Hsuan Ni Prof. Gianfranco D. Alpini Dr. Wasim Jafri Dr. Claudio Tiribelli General Editor-in-Chief Chengdu, China National Taiwan University Bryan, USA Aga Khan, Parkistan Trieste, Italy The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China Prof. Chengwei Chen Taipei, Taiwan Dr. Masahiro Arai Dr. Di Jia Prof. Zhengkun Tu Dr. Harry Hua-Xiang Xia Nanjing Military Command Prof. Kannika Phornphutkul Tokyo, Japan Boston, USA Changchun, China Shanghai, China Chiang Mai University Editor-in-Chief Dr. Gyorgy Baffy Dr. Wei Jia Dr. Adriana Vince Chiangmai, Thailand Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, USA Prof. Aziz A. Chentoufi Boston, USA Kunming, China Zagreb, Croatia Medicine King Fahad Medical College Dr. Kittichai Promrat Dr. Savino Bruno Dr. Jiaji Jiang Dr. Farzin Roohvand Prof. George Y. Wu Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Alpert Medical School of Brown University Milan, Italy Fuzhou, China Paris, France/Iran Comprehensive Editor-in-Chief Prof. Xiaoguang Dou Providence, USA University of Connecticut Heath Center, USA Shengjing Hospital of China Medical Prof. Cheng Qian Dr. Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Dr. Jianning Jiang Dr. Fusheng Wang University Third Military Medical University Southwest Bangkok, Thailand Nanning, China Beijing, China Shengyang, China Hospital Dr. Wendy Cao Dr. Anastasios Koulaouzidis Prof. Genshu Wang Chongqing, China Managing Editors Prof. Zhongping Duan New York, USA Edinburgh, United Kingdom Guangzhou, China Affiliated Beijing You'an Hospital of Capital Dr. Arielle Rosenberg Prof. Mark J. Czaja Dr. Ashish Kumar Dr. Leyi Wang Medical University University Paris Descartes Dr. Huaidong Hu Beijing, China Paris, France New York, USA New Delhi, India Columbus, USA The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Prof. Naoya Sakamoto Dr. Andres Cardenas Prof. Laurentius A. Lesmana Prof. Benjamin Wong Medical University, China Dr. Jean-François Dufour University of Bern Hokkaido University Barcelona, Spain Jakarta, Indonesia Hong Kong, China Sapporo, Japan Dr. Zhi Peng Bern, Switzerland Prof. Flair José Carrilho Dr. Bing Liu Prof. Catherine Y. Wu The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Prof. Marko Duvnjak Dr. Michael Schilsky São Paulo, Brazil Guangzhou, China Farmington, USA Medical University, China Yale University Clinical Hospital Centre “Sestre milosrdnice” Dr. Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya Dr. Rohit Loomba Dr. Yongning Xin Zagreb, Croatia New Haven, USA Bangkok, Thailand San Diego, USA Qingdao, China Prof. Faripour Forouhar Dr. Tawesak Tanwandee Prof. Zhi Chen Prof. Eduardo Martinez Prof. Huiping Yan University of Connecticut Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Contact information Farmington, USA Hangzhou, China Hidalgo, Mexico Beijing, China Prof. Lai Wei Dr. Silvia Degli-Esposti Prof. Jane McKeating Prof. Ming Yan Dr. Johannes Haybaeck Peking University People’s Hospital +86 23 63727251 Medical University Graz Providence, USA Birmingham, United Kingdom Shangdong, China Telephone Beijing, China Graz, Austria Prof. Lei Dong Prof. Albert D. Min Prof. Eric M. Yoshida Fax +86 23 63701383 Prof. Jinlin Hou Dr. Xuefeng Xia Xi’an, China San Diego, USA Vancouver, Canada Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical The Methodist Hospital Research Institute [email protected] Dr. Yu-Chen Fan Prof. Ming Kuang Dr. Hong You E-mail University Houston, USA Jinan, China Guangzhou, China Beijing, China Guangzhou, China Dr. Kecheng Xu Address 74 Linjiang Road, Dr. Peter Ferenci Dr. Mohamed Othman Prof. Cihan Yurdaydin Yuzhong District, Prof. Keqin Hu Fuda Cancer Hospital Heidelberg, Austria El Paso, USA Ankara, Turkey Chongqing, P. R. China, University of California Guangzhou, China Orange, USA Prof. Eduardo Fernández-Martínez Prof. Piero Portincasa Prof. Mikio Zeniya 400010 Prof. Man-Fung Yuen Hidalgo, Mexico Bari, Italy Tokyo, Japan Prof. Ailong Huang The University of Hong Kong Chongqing Medical University Queen Mary Hospital Dr. Heather L. Francis Dr. Farzin Roohvand Prof. Xinxin Zhang Chongqing, China Hong Kong, China Bryan, USA Tehran, Iran Shanghai, China Dr. Hitoshi Ikeda Dr. Jinxiang Zhang Dr. James Y.Y. Fung Dr. Regina Santella Dr. Yuanyuan Zhang The University of Tokyo Tongji Medical College Hong Kong, China New York, USA Chengdu, China Tokyo, Japan Huazhong University of Science and Prof. Paul J. Gaglio Dr. Ke-Qing Shi Prof. Yuexin Zhang Prof. Jidong Jia Technology Capital Medical University Wuhan, China New York, USA Wenzhou, China Xinjiang, China Beijing, China Prof. Dazhi Zhang Ping Gu Prof. Gamal Shiha Prof. Jingmin Zhao Prof. Yong Liao The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing New York, USA Mansoura, Egypt Beijing, China The Second Hospital Affiliated Chongqing Medical University Prof. Steven-Huy Bui Han Dr. Robert Smolic Dr. Minghua Zheng Chongqing, China Medical University Los Angeles, USA Osijek, Croatia Wenzhou, China Chongqing, China Dr. Lanjing Zhang Prof. Tao Han Dr. Martina Smolic Dr. Senlin Zhu Dr. Joseph Lim University Medical Center of Princeton Plainsboro, USA Tianjin, China Osijek, Croatia Guangzhou, China Yale University New Haven, USA JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY Call for papers JCTH is a new, comprehensive specialist journal focusing on the recent progress in clinical and basic research with direct applications to clinical management of liver diseases. The studies published in JCTH will represent the most current trends in the field of hepatology, highlighting the topically relevant subjects of nations worldwide. Publications in JCTH will be presented in formats that emphasize clarity of the study’s objectives and implications of its findings, using high quality visual aids to enhance the manuscript’s esthetic appeal as well as its impact. For our upcoming issue, we encourage you and your group to submit original articles that showcase your work in hepatology and topically relevant reviews to promote our readers’ understanding of the field. CONTENTS 2014 2(2):65–141 Original Article Patient Characteristics, Safety, and Tolerability With Telaprevir Treatment for HCV in the Clinic: a Retrospective, Multicenter Study Steven L. Flamm, Paul J. Pockros, Leif Bengtsson and Mark Friedman . ..........................65 Review Articles An Update on Treatment of Drug-Induced Liver Injury Christin Giordano, John Rivas and Xaralambos Zervos .........................................74 Traditional Chinese Medicine Induced Liver Injury Rolf Teschke .......................................................................80 Hepatotoxicity Secondary to Chemotherapy Alla Grigorian and Christopher B. O’Brien . .................................................95 Pathology of Alcoholic Liver Disease Romulo Celli and Xuchen Zhang . ......................................................103 Clinical Application of Transient Elastography in the Diagnosis of Liver Fibrosis: an Expert Panel Review and Opinion Expert Panel on Liver Stiffness Measurement ...............................................110 Maternal-Fetal Hepatitis E Transmission: Is It Underestimated? Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Mohammed Magdy Abd El Razek and Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek ............117 Management of Hepatitis C Before and After Liver Transplantation in the Era of Rapidly Evolving Therapeutic Advances Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul and K. Rajender Reddy .........................................124 Interaction Between the Neglected Tropical Disease Human Schistosomiasis and HCV Infection in Egypt: a Puzzling Relationship Mahmoud M. Bahgat ................................................................ 134 Original Article Patient Characteristics, Safety, and Tolerability With Telaprevir Treatment for HCV in the Clinic: a Retrospective, Multicenter Study Steven L. Flamm1, Paul J. Pockros2, Leif Bengtsson3 and Mark Friedman3 1Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; 2Scripps Clinic and Scripps Translational Science Institute, La Jolla, California, USA; 3Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Abstract Introduction Background and Aims: There is a paucity of information Randomized, controlled clinical studies are considered the regarding similarities and differences between patients from gold standard for the evaluation of efficacy, safety, and the phase 3 studies of telaprevir and those receiving tolerability of pharmaceutical drugs.1,2 Such studies allow telaprevir in clinical practice. Methods: This retrospective for rigorous assessment of these parameters in controlled chart review evaluated baseline characteristics and follow-up settings that prevent potential confounds when observing a safety and tolerability data for patients with hepatitis C virus drug’s effect(s).3 These studies, however, have important (HCV) infection treated with telaprevir and peginterferon alfa characteristics that
Recommended publications
  • Terhi Helenius Structure in Stress Management – Keratins in Intestinal Stress Protection
    Terhi Helenius Terhi Structure in stress management – Keratins in intestinal stress protection stress in intestinal – Keratins management in stress Structure Structure in stress management – Keratins in intestinal stress protection Terhi Helenius ISBN 978-952-12-3474-3 (Print) ISBN 978-952-12-3475-0 (PDF) Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2016 2016 2016 Structure in stress management – Keratins in intestinal stress protection Terhi Helenius Department of Biosciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Åbo Akademi University Doctoral Network of Molecular Biosciences 2016 From the Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University and Doctoral Network of Molecular Biosciences Supervised by PhD Docent Diana M. Toivola Department of Biosciences Åbo Akademi University Finland Reviewed by PhD Bernard M. Corfe Department of Oncology and Metabolism University of Sheffield UK PhD Docent Zhi Chen Turku Center for Biotechnology University of Turku Finland Opponent Professor PhD E. Birgit Lane Institute of Medical Biology Agency for Science, Technology and Research A*STAR Singapore ISBN 978-952-12-3474-3 (Print) ISBN 978-952-12-3475-0 (PDF) Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2016 To my beloved family Now so much I know that things just don't grow If you don't bless them with your patience “Emmylou” First Aid Kit Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vii SWEDISH SUMMARY/SVENSK SAMMANFATTNING ...............................
    [Show full text]
  • Review Article Alcohol Induced Liver Disease
    J Clin Pathol: first published as 10.1136/jcp.37.7.721 on 1 July 1984. Downloaded from J Clin Pathol 1984;37:721-733 Review article Alcohol induced liver disease KA FLEMING, JO'D McGEE From the University of Oxford, Nuffield Department ofPathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, England SUMMARY Alcohol induces a variety of changes in the liver: fatty change, hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The histopathological appearances of these conditions are discussed, with special atten- tion to differential diagnosis. Many forms of alcoholic liver disease are associated with Mallory body formation and fibrosis. Mallory bodies are formed, at least in part, from intermediate filaments. Associated changes in intermediate filament organisation in alcoholic liver disease also occur. Their significance in the pathogenesis of hepatocyte death may be related to abnormalities in messenger RNA function. The mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrogenesis are also discussed. Although alcohol has many effects on the liver, all formed after some period of alcohol abstinence, except cirrhosis are potentially reversible on cessa- alcohol related changes may not be seen. Accord- tion of alcohol ingestion. Cirrhosis is irreversible ingly, we shall consider the morphological changes and usually ultimately fatal. It is therefore important associated with alcohol abuse under the headings in to determine what factors are responsible for Table 1. development of alcohol induced cirrhosis, especially In the second part, the pathogenesis of alcohol since only 17-30% of all alcoholics become' cirrho- induced liver disease will be discussed, but this will tic.' This is of some urgency now, since there has deal only with the induction of alcoholic hepatitis, been an explosive increase in alcohol consumption fibrosis, and cirrhosis-that is, chronic alcoholic http://jcp.bmj.com/ in the Western World, particularly affecting young liver disease-and not with fatty change, for two people, resulting in a dramatic increase in the inci- reasons.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward Unraveling the Complexity of Simple Epithelial Keratins in Human Disease
    Toward unraveling the complexity of simple epithelial keratins in human disease M. Bishr Omary, … , Pavel Strnad, Shinichiro Hanada J Clin Invest. 2009;119(7):1794-1805. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI37762. Review Series Simple epithelial keratins (SEKs) are found primarily in single-layered simple epithelia and include keratin 7 (K7), K8, K18–K20, and K23. Genetically engineered mice that lack SEKs or overexpress mutant SEKs have helped illuminate several keratin functions and served as important disease models. Insight into the contribution of SEKs to human disease has indicated that K8 and K18 are the major constituents of Mallory-Denk bodies, hepatic inclusions associated with several liver diseases, and are essential for inclusion formation. Furthermore, mutations in the genes encoding K8, K18, and K19 predispose individuals to a variety of liver diseases. Hence, as we discuss here, the SEK cytoskeleton is involved in the orchestration of several important cellular functions and contributes to the pathogenesis of human liver disease. Find the latest version: https://jci.me/37762/pdf Review series Toward unraveling the complexity of simple epithelial keratins in human disease M. Bishr Omary,1 Nam-On Ku,1,2 Pavel Strnad,3 and Shinichiro Hanada1,4 1Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 3Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany. 4Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan. Simple epithelial keratins (SEKs) are found primarily in single-layered simple epithelia and include keratin 7 (K7), K8, K18–K20, and K23.
    [Show full text]
  • Essentials of Gastroenterology Essentials of Gastroenterology
    Essentials of Gastroenterology Essentials of Gastroenterology Edited by Shanthi V. Sitaraman, MD, PhD† Professor of Medicine and Pathology Division of Digestive Diseases Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA, USA Lawrence S. Friedman, MD Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston Chair, Department of Medicine, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton Assistant Chief of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA, USA Foreword by Daniel K. Podolsky, MD President, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Professor of Medicine Philip O’Bryan Montgomery, Jr, MD Distinguished Presidential Chair in Academic Administration Doris and Bryan Wildenthal Distinguished Chair in Medical Science University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, TX, USA † Deceased A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition fi rst published 2012 © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientifi c, Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing. Registered offi ce: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offi ces: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offi ces, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell The right of the author to be identifi ed as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts of the International Congress of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2021 (Icpalm 2021) and 18Th Annual Scientific Meeti
    Malays J Pathol 2021; 43(1): 113 – 192 CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS ICPaLM 2021: International Congress of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2021 and 18th Annual Scientific Meeting, College of Pathologists: Exploring the Advances and Potential of Disruptive Technologies in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, organised by the College of Pathologists, Academy of Medicine of Malaysia and held virtually on 3rd-5th March 2021. Abstracts of K. Prathap memorial lecture, plenary, symposium and paper (poster) presented are as follows: K. Prathap Memorial Lecture: Exploring Advances and The Potential of Disruptive Technologies in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Jo Martin Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Rapid advances in technology are impacting all areas of pathology. Over the next few years we can expect to see even more amazing things come into our world and into our practice. Both the technology that we use and the ways in which we deploy it will change the way we work. We have glimpses of advances that will change the way we assess histological slides, and the data science tools are being developed that will allow us to provide personalised reports of therapeutic options for tumours. Integrative pathology, with the use of genetic and protein data alongside morphological interpretation, will come into every area of our practice, both benign and malignant. This presentation will highlight some of the new methods that are under development, some of the new tools becoming available and some of the changes that we can expect both
    [Show full text]
  • Pathology of Alcoholic Liver Disease
    Review Article Pathology of Alcoholic Liver Disease Romulo Celli1 and Xuchen Zhang2 1Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; 2Pathology and Laboratory Service, VA Connecticut Health System and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA Abstract (i.e. steatosis). The role of the pathologist is to assimilate the diverse morphologic data from a given liver biopsy and to Alcohol-attributable burden on global health is increasing, clearly determine progression of the disease and, if possible, and the relationship between population alcohol consumption its etiology. and liver-related deaths is strong. Longstanding scientific and Specifically, the role of liver biopsy in ALD is 1) to clinical work has led to a relatively thorough, if not complete, corroborate clinical findings in establishing diagnosis and 2) understanding of the effects of alcohol consumption on the to estimate disease severity using semi-quantitative tools of liver. Pathologic features of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are disease grade and stage. recognized by pathologists and used to assist clinicians in The objective of this review is to survey the gross and diagnosing and determining severity of disease in patients microscopic features of ALD and, in doing so, to provide suspected of ALD. In this review, we discuss the pathologic clinicians with a reference for the interpretation of liver biopsy manifestations of ALD and provide salient points on their pathology reports. Additionally, we review the benefits and pathophysiology. In addition, the benefits and indications of limitations of obtaining a liver biopsy and provide a pre- liver biopsy and important differential diagnoses, including liminary set of indications for this clinical test.
    [Show full text]
  • In Murine and Human Liver Revealed by Immunofluorescen
    Proc; Nati. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 76, No. 8, pp. 4112-4116, August 1979 Medical Sciences Formation and involution of Mallory bodies ("alcoholic hyalin") in murine and human liver revealed by immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies to prekeratin (alcoholic hepatitis/liver pathology/keratin/intermediate filaments/tonofilaments) HELMUT DENK*, WERNER W. FRANKEt, ROMANA ECKERSTORFER*, ERIKA SCHMIDt, AND DONTSCHO KERJASCHKI* *Division of Gastroenterologic Pathology and Hepatopathology (Hans Popper Laboratory), Department of Pathology, University of Vienna School of Medicine, Vienna, Austria; and tDivision of Membrane Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, West Germany Communicated by Hans Popper, May 29, 1979 ABSTRACT Antibodies raised against prekeratin intensely In the present communication the following findings are and specifically stain, in immunofluorescence microscopy, reported. (i) Antibodies t6 bovine prekeratin react with MBs Mallory bodies ("alcoholic hyalin") present in livers of human alcoholics and griseofulvin-treated mice. The high sensitivity of human origin, thus extending our original observation in of this method allows the identification of small distinct cyto- experimental animals (5) to human disease. (ii) Immunofluo- plasmic structures that are observed during early stages of rescence microscopy using such antibodies as well as antibodies Mallory body formation, especially frequent in the perinuclear to MBs of human origin allows the tracingof MB formation and cytoplasm, as well as during stages of Mallory body disinte- involution by detection of early (precursor) stages of MB for- gration and disappearance, such as after withdrawal of the drug. mation as well as MB fragments during involution. (iii) MBs of In the latter situation, the prekeratin-containing small particles exhibit a characteristic pattern of arrangement in the hepatocyte human liver differ from those in livers of griseofulvin-treated periphery.
    [Show full text]
  • Cocarcinogenic Effects of Alcohol in Hepatocarcinogenesis
    132 REVIEW Cocarcinogenic effects of alcohol in Gut: first published as 10.1136/gut.51.1.132 on 1 July 2002. Downloaded from hepatocarcinogenesis F Stickel, D Schuppan, E G Hahn, H K Seitz ............................................................................................................................. Gut 2002;51:132–139 Alcohol is a major aetiological factor in INTRODUCTION hepatocarcinogenesis but our understanding of its Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver tumour among the com- importance as a modulating factor is just beginning to monest malignant tumours today.1 Its prevalence emerge. In the present review, a number of possible is increasing worldwide but differs greatly be- cofactors and mechanisms are discussed by which tween regions, with incidences of approximately 3–4/100 000 in Western countries2–4 and up to alcohol may enhance the development of hepatoma. 120/100 000 in Asia and Southern Africa. In more These include dietary or environmental carcinogens than 80% of European and North American cases, ingested along with alcoholic beverages, alcoholic HCCs develop in cirrhotic livers whereas in Asia near 50% of HCCs may occur in non-cirrhotic cirrhosis as a precancerous condition, and the effects of livers.56The increase in HCC is most likely due to alcohol metabolism. the more widespread chronic infection with .......................................................................... hepatotropic viruses, namely hepatitis B (HBV) and especially hepatitis C (HCV). Epidemiological studies have incriminated both viruses in hepato- SUMMARY carcinogenesis, and the contributory role of alco- The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is ris- hol, a major aetiological factor of liver cirrhosis in ing worldwide. Apart from hepatitis B and C Western countries, is undisputed.1 In the follow- viruses, alcohol presents a major aetiological fac- ing, we summarise the evidence and discuss tor in hepatocarcinogenesis, as shown in numer- potential mechanisms of the cocarcinogenic effect ous epidemiological studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Prolonged Jaundice Secondary to Amiodarone Use: a Case Report and Literature Review
    Open Access Case Report DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3850 Prolonged Jaundice Secondary to Amiodarone Use: A Case Report and Literature Review Hunter Bratton 1 , Mohammad Alomari 2 , Laith A. Al Momani 1 , Tyler Aasen 1 , Mark Young 1 1. Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, USA 2. Internal Medicine, Fairview Hospital, Cleveland, USA Corresponding author: Laith A. Al Momani, [email protected] Abstract Adverse reactions to the antiarrhythmic medication amiodarone are severe, potentially life-threatening, and not rare. One in three patients on long-term therapy experience elevated liver enzymes, and clinically apparent liver toxicity occurs in 1% of patients treated. We report the case of a 76-year-old patient with amiodarone-induced intrahepatic cholestasis and prolonged hyperbilirubinemia despite the discontinuation of the offending agent. Current research hypothesizes that amiodarone leads to hepatic injury both by direct hepatotoxicity and by increasing the likelihood of hepatocytes to create abnormal, toxic metabolites. Increased awareness of such an adverse effect can guide clinicians toward the possible underlying etiologies of prolonged jaundice. Categories: Cardiology, Gastroenterology Keywords: amiodarone, adverse effects, intrahepatic cholestasis, prolonged jaundice, hyperbilirubinemia Introduction Amiodarone is used to manage life-threatening, irregular heart rhythms. It is on the World Health Organization’s (WHO's) Model List of Essential Medicines for being one of the most effective and safe medicines for addressing global public health needs. Despite its significant clinical benefits, amiodarone has been associated with many adverse effects. Between one-quarter and one-half of patients will discontinue amiodarone because of adverse effects, with 15% of patients experiencing a side effect within the first year and approximately half experiencing a side effect if used long-term [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Revealing the Roles of Keratin 8/18-Associated Signaling Proteins Involved in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Revealing the Roles of Keratin 8/18-Associated Signaling Proteins Involved in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Younglan Lim 1 and Nam-On Ku 1,2,* 1 Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; [email protected] 2 Department of Bio-Convergence ISED, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-2-2123-2697 Abstract: Although hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is developed with various etiologies, protection of hepatocytes seems basically essential to prevent the incidence of HCC. Keratin 8 and keratin 18 (K8/K18) are cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins that are expressed in hepatocytes. They maintain the cell shape and protect cells under stress conditions. Their protective roles in liver damage have been described in studies of mouse models, and K8/K18 mutation frequency in liver patients. Interestingly, K8/K18 bind to signaling proteins such as transcription factors and protein kinases involved in HCC development. Since K8/K18 are abundant cytoskeletal proteins, K8/K18 binding with the signaling factors can alter the availability of the factors. Herein, we discuss the potential roles of K8/K18 in HCC development. Keywords: keratin; hepatocellular carcinoma; signaling pathway; hepatitis Citation: Lim, Y.; Ku, N.-O. Revealing the Roles of Keratin 8/18-Associated Signaling Proteins Involved in the Development of 1. Introduction Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 6401. https://doi.org/ Globally, liver cancer was the third leading cause of cancer-related death in 2020, 10.3390/ijms22126401 and about 90% of liver cancers are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [1,2].
    [Show full text]
  • Nonalcholic Fatty Hepatitis: an In1portant Clinical Condition
    REVIEW Nonalcholic fatty hepatitis: An in1portant clinical condition SAMU EL w. FRENCH. MO, LESLIE B. Emus. MD,] . FREEMAN, MD HE TERM FATIY HEPATIT IS HAS MANY ABSTRACT: The entity fatty hepatitis is defined and the li terature characteriz­ ing the clinical settings in which it develops is reviewed. The pathogenesis is T synonyms: fatty metamorphosis of discussed with emphasis on the common denominators shared by the various the liver in morbid obesity ( I), diabetic clinical conditions with which it is associated. The roles of alcohol, obesity and hepatitis (2,3), nonalcoholic stearohepa­ type II diabetes are stressed where inhibition of fatty acid oxidation by the liver is titis (4,5 ), fatty live r hepatitis (6), alcohol­ the basic defect in metabolism leading to fatty change, balloon degeneration and like liver disease in nonalcoholics (7 ), fast­ Mallory bod y for mation. le is concluded that this important entity is more com­ ing in obesity liver injury with alcoho lic mon than is generally appreciated . Can J Gastroenterol 1989;3(5): 189-197 hya line (8), stcatonecrosis (9) and non­ Key Words: Diabetes type TT , Fatty hepatitis, Mallory bodies, Obesity alcoholic Lacnncc's ( 10, 11 ). T he term fa tty hepatitis is preferred for its simplic­ L'hepatite graisseuse nonalcoolique: Une conditon clinique ity and for the concept that it conveys, importante one of fatty change with infla mmation in the li ver. T he disease process is im­ RESUME: L'hepatite graisseusc cstdefinie com me enrite morbide. La litterature po rtant to recognize clinically because it caracterisant les cadres cliniq ues ou cette affection se developpe est passee en revue.
    [Show full text]
  • Pathology.Pre-Test.Pdf
    Pathology PreTestTMSelf-Assessment and Review Notice Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of the information contained in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example, and in particular, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs. Pathology PreTestTMSelf-Assessment and Review Twelfth Edition Earl J. Brown, MD Associate Professor Department of Pathology Quillen College of Medicine Johnson City, Tennessee New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
    [Show full text]