DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study on Regional Water Resource Shortage in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: Dominant Issues, Existing Problems and Suggested Solutions

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study on Regional Water Resource Shortage in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: Dominant Issues, Existing Problems and Suggested Solutions Michigan Technological University Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports 2016 A STUDY ON REGIONAL WATER RESOURCE SHORTAGE IN THE BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION: DOMINANT ISSUES, EXISTING PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS Yuxiao Wang Michigan Technological University, [email protected] Copyright 2016 Yuxiao Wang Recommended Citation Wang, Yuxiao, "A STUDY ON REGIONAL WATER RESOURCE SHORTAGE IN THE BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION: DOMINANT ISSUES, EXISTING PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS", Open Access Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2016. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/113 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr Part of the Regional Economics Commons 2 A STUDY ON REGIONAL WATER RESOURCE SHORTAGE IN THE BEIJING- TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION：DOMINANT ISSUES, EXISTING PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS 2 2 2 2 By Yuxiao Wang 2 A THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In Applied Natural Resource Economics 2 MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2016 2 © 2016 Yuxiao Wang 1 This thesis has been approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Applied Natural Resource Economics School of Business and Economics 2 2 2 Thesis Advisor: Gary A. Campbell 2 Committee Member: Latika Lagalo 2 Committee Member: Min Wang 2 2 School Dean: Gene Klippel 2 Contents ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 6 1.1 MAIN CONTEXT OF CHINA’S WATER SHORTAGE STATUS ............................................................ 6 1.2 MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH ........................................................................................... 8 1.3 RESEARCH METHOD AND INNOVATION ........................................................................................ 9 1.4 THE STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS .................................................................................................... 9 CHAPTER 2 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................... 11 2.1 A BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF THE BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION ............................................. 11 2.2 THE ENDOWMENT AND THE STATUS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION .............................................................................. 11 2.2.1 Ground Water Resources....................................................................................................... 12 2.2.2 Rainfall Water Resources ...................................................................................................... 12 2.2.3 Time and Space Distribution ................................................................................................. 13 2.2.4 Supply and Demand of Water Resources............................................................................... 15 2.3 THE LAND RESOURCES SITUATION RELATED TO THE WATER RESOURCE ISSUES IN THE BEIJING- TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION ........................................................................................................................... 17 2.4 CONSTRAINTS OF WATER RESOURCE ENVIRONMENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BEIJING- TIANJIN-HEBEI AREA IN RECENT YEARS. ................................................................................................. 17 2.4.1 Water Quality Pollution and the Shortage of Governance Effect .......................................... 18 2.4.2 Over-exploitation of Groundwater ........................................................................................ 22 2.4.3 Serious Land Degradation Situation Exacerbated the Pressure of Land Resources and Ecological Carrying ........................................................................................................................... 23 2.4.4 The Lack of Effective Regional and Interregional Ecological Environment Coordination Mechanism .......................................................................................................................................... 24 2.5 SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. 24 CHAPTER 3 LITERATURE REVIEW AND METHODOLOGY ............................................... 26 3.1 THE HISTORY OF THE RESEARCH ON THE WATER SHORTAGE PROBLEM IN THE BEIJING-TIANJIN- HEBEI REGION ......................................................................................................................................... 26 3.2 THE SOURCE OF ORIGINAL DATA AND INFORMATION ................................................................ 28 3.3 THE SELECTION OF MODEL TO FIND THE MAIN ISSUES OF WATER SHORTAGE ........................... 29 3.4 THE SELECTION OF THE METHODS TO FIND THE SOLUTIONS FOR WATER SHORTAGE ................... 30 3.5 METHODOLOGY OF THIS THESIS .................................................................................................. 32 CHAPTER 4 PCA MODEL ANALYSIS ......................................................................................... 33 4.1 ISSUES TO BE ANALYZED ............................................................................................................ 33 4.1.1 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ............................................................................................ 33 4.1.2 Population ............................................................................................................................. 33 4.1.3 Forest Coverage Rate ............................................................................................................ 33 4.1.4 Water Supply ......................................................................................................................... 34 4.1.5 Water consumption ................................................................................................................ 34 4.1.6 Water pollution ...................................................................................................................... 34 4.2 CONCEPTS AND PROPERTIES TO THE PCA MODEL ANALYSIS...................................................... 34 3 4.2.1 Introduction of PCA model .................................................................................................... 35 4.2.2 Strengths and Weaknesses of the PCA Model ....................................................................... 35 4.2.3 Definition of PCA model........................................................................................................ 37 4.2.4 Properties of the principal component .................................................................................. 38 4.3 ASSUMPTIONS OF PCA ............................................................................................................... 39 4.4 PROCEDURE OF PCA AND DATA ANALYSIS ................................................................................ 39 4.4.1 Linearity Test ......................................................................................................................... 41 4.4.2 Bartlett's test of Sphericity ..................................................................................................... 42 4.4.3 Using of the PCA model ........................................................................................................ 44 CHAPTER 5 PROBLEMS EXISTED AND SOLUTIONS RECOMMENDED .......................... 51 5.1 ANALYSIS FOR PROBLEMS EXISTED............................................................................................ 51 5.2 INTERNAL SOLUTIONS ................................................................................................................ 55 5.2.1 Evaluation of Water Resources Carrying Capacity............................................................... 55 5.2.2 Optimization of the Industrial Structure ................................................................................ 59 5.2.3 Discharge Control and Governance for Sewage ................................................................... 61 5.2.4 Control and Management of Population Size ........................................................................ 62 5.2.5 Establishment of a Unified Control System among Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region ............... 64 5.3 EXTERNAL SOLUTIONS ............................................................................................................... 65 5.4 LONG-TERM CROSS-REGIONAL SOLUTIONS ................................................................................ 67 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................... 69 Reference .................................................................................................................................................... 73 2 4 Abstract Traditionally, making use of water resources always involves requirements to face many limitations, which usually lead to water shortage, and those problems are more obviously prominent in developing countries than in the developed countries, for example, China. As a result, the research on regional water resources shortage problems becomes
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download from Related Websites (For Example
    sustainability Article Efficiency Loss and Intensification Potential of Urban Industrial Land Use in Three Major Urban Agglomerations in China Xiangdong Wang 1,2,3,* , Xiaoqiang Shen 1,2 and Tao Pei 3 1 College of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; [email protected] 2 Institute for Studies in County Economy Development, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 3 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 24 December 2019; Accepted: 20 February 2020; Published: 22 February 2020 Abstract: In recent decades, efficiency and intensification have emerged as hot topics within urban industrial land use (UILU) studies in China. However, the measurement and analysis of UILU efficiency and intensification are not accurate and in-depth enough. The study of UILU efficiency loss and intensification potential and their relationship is still lacking, and the application of parametric methods with clearer causal mechanisms is insufficient. This paper argued that the intensification potential of UILU could be defined as the amount of saved land or output growth resulting from reduced efficiency loss of UILU. Accordingly, we constructed quantitative models for measuring and evaluating the intensification potential of UILU, using the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) method to calculate efficiency loss in three major urban agglomerations (38 cities) in China. Our results revealed a large scale and an expanding trend in the efficiency loss and intensification potential of UILU in three major urban agglomerations in China. From 2003 to 2016, the annual efficiency loss of UILU was 31.56%, the annual land-saving potential was 979.98 km2, and the annual output growth potential was 8775.23 billion Yuan (referring to the constant price for 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Pollen Influx Data from Lake Baiyangdian, China
    Quaternary Science Reviews 37 (2012) 81e91 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Pollen source areas of lakes with inflowing rivers: modern pollen influx data from Lake Baiyangdian, China Qinghai Xu a,b,*, Fang Tian a, M. Jane Bunting c, Yuecong Li a, Wei Ding a, Xianyong Cao a, Zhiguo He a a College of Resources and Environment Science, and Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Hebei Normal University, East Road of Southern 2nd Ring, Shijiazhuang 050024, China b National Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental System, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Southern Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China c Department of Geography, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, UK article info abstract Article history: Comparing pollen influx recorded in traps above the surface and below the surface of Lake Baiyangdian Received 30 April 2011 in northern China shows that the average pollen influx in the traps above the surface is much lower, at À À À À Received in revised form 1210 grains cm 2 a 1 (varying from 550 to 2770 grains cm 2 a 1), than in the traps below the surface 15 January 2012 À À À À which average 8990 grains cm 2 a 1 (ranging from 430 to 22310 grains cm 2 a 1). This suggests that Accepted 19 January 2012 about 12% of the total pollen influx is transported by air, and 88% via inflowing water. If hydrophyte Available online 17 February 2012 pollen types are not included, the mean pollen influx in the traps above the surface decreases to À À À À À À 470 grains cm 2 a 1 (varying from 170 to 910 grains cm 2 a 1) and to 5470 grains cm 2 a 1 in the traps Keywords: À2 À1 Pollen assemblages below the surface (ranging from 270 to 12820 grains cm a ), suggesting that the contribution of Pollen influx waterborne pollen to the non-hydrophyte pollen assemblages in Lake Baiyangdian is about 92%.
    [Show full text]
  • Remote Sensing Analysis of the Status of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
    REMOTE SENSING ANALYSIS OF THE STATUS OF THE BEIJING-HANGZHOU GRAND CANAL B. Deng H. Guo , C. Wang , Y. Nie, The Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China - [email protected] Commission VI, WG V/2 KEY WORDS: Image interpretation, Image understanding, Feature detection, Archaeology ABSTRACT: Remote sensing began with the use of aerial photography and is acknowledged as a valuable tool for viewing, analyzing, characterizing, and making decisions about our environment. The Grand Canal of China is the longest ancient canal in the world and recently approved as the Key National Relics-preservation Unit. In our work multi-source and multi-temporal remote sensing data, including the aerial photographs taken half a century ago and the recently acquired SPOT5 multispectral images and the RADARSAT-1 images are collected. Through a comparative and complementary analysis of the data sets, some findings are given. The general characteristics of the canal course and the canal cities are also described, which provides important information for the making plans of the Grand Canal preservation. 1. INTRODUCTION can provide radar images at the spatial resolution of 1 meter. The fourth advantage is the high spectral resolution. Now the Remote sensing, in the broadest sense, is the short or large-scale hyperspectral sensor can acquire image at hundreds of channels acquisition of information of an object or phenomenon, by the simultaneously, which can grasp the small changes of use of either recording or real-time sensing device(s) that is not reflectance and make possible the discrimination of some in physical or intimate contact with the object (such as by way targets.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1: Rank of China's 338 Prefecture-Level Cities
    Appendix 1: Rank of China’s 338 Prefecture-Level Cities © The Author(s) 2018 149 Y. Zheng, K. Deng, State Failure and Distorted Urbanisation in Post-Mao’s China, 1993–2012, Palgrave Studies in Economic History, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92168-6 150 First-tier cities (4) Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou Shenzhen First-tier cities-to-be (15) Chengdu Hangzhou Wuhan Nanjing Chongqing Tianjin Suzhou苏州 Appendix Rank 1: of China’s 338 Prefecture-Level Cities Xi’an Changsha Shenyang Qingdao Zhengzhou Dalian Dongguan Ningbo Second-tier cities (30) Xiamen Fuzhou福州 Wuxi Hefei Kunming Harbin Jinan Foshan Changchun Wenzhou Shijiazhuang Nanning Changzhou Quanzhou Nanchang Guiyang Taiyuan Jinhua Zhuhai Huizhou Xuzhou Yantai Jiaxing Nantong Urumqi Shaoxing Zhongshan Taizhou Lanzhou Haikou Third-tier cities (70) Weifang Baoding Zhenjiang Yangzhou Guilin Tangshan Sanya Huhehot Langfang Luoyang Weihai Yangcheng Linyi Jiangmen Taizhou Zhangzhou Handan Jining Wuhu Zibo Yinchuan Liuzhou Mianyang Zhanjiang Anshan Huzhou Shantou Nanping Ganzhou Daqing Yichang Baotou Xianyang Qinhuangdao Lianyungang Zhuzhou Putian Jilin Huai’an Zhaoqing Ningde Hengyang Dandong Lijiang Jieyang Sanming Zhoushan Xiaogan Qiqihar Jiujiang Longyan Cangzhou Fushun Xiangyang Shangrao Yingkou Bengbu Lishui Yueyang Qingyuan Jingzhou Taian Quzhou Panjin Dongying Nanyang Ma’anshan Nanchong Xining Yanbian prefecture Fourth-tier cities (90) Leshan Xiangtan Zunyi Suqian Xinxiang Xinyang Chuzhou Jinzhou Chaozhou Huanggang Kaifeng Deyang Dezhou Meizhou Ordos Xingtai Maoming Jingdezhen Shaoguan
    [Show full text]
  • Trends in China Facts from the Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report
    Embargoed until: 09:30 CET Paris Time – 18 March 2021 Trends in China Facts from the Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report Key Renewable Energy Takeaways in 2020 from China • China is the greatest market in the world for solar PV1, with many of these developments taking place in urban areas and helping to decarbonise energy use in buildings; however, further efforts are needed to increase the share of renewables across sectors, including heating and cooling, but also power – especially in light of the expansion of e-mobility2. • The electrification of all transport modes has been pioneered in Chinese cities; they are visibly committed to the national EV ambition, providing complementary municipal-level subsidies (in addition to national incentives) for battery electric and fuel cell electric vehicles. • China is the second-largest producer of district heating (DH) in the world, and although these systems rely almost entirely on fossil fuels, some cities have been increasing solar thermal and geothermal heating capacity and use in their DH networks. Brand new data shows • Only 25 cities had renewable energy targets and/or policies from a global total of over 1,300 cities). This covers 321 million people, 38% of the urban population in China • On a global scale, Chinese cities are lagging behind on setting net-zero3 targets: some notable exceptions exist: 6 cities were developing net-zero targets in 2020, and Dalian set a target to achieve net-zero by 2050. Rizhao has had a target for climate neutrality by 2050 since 2008. Renewable Energy Developments in Chinese Cities City renewable energy commitments and policies • Most city-level targets and actions are in line with (and often part of the implementation of) national-level policy, including China’s commitment to reach carbon neutrality by 2060.
    [Show full text]
  • China-Singapore Jilin Food Zone Project Signed in Beijing
    About Home News Topic Leadership Government Investment Travel Living Community Jilin Home>Topic>Special Report>The Eighth Northeast Asia Expo T T T Special Report China-Singapore Jilin Food Zone project signed in Beijing read_image.jpg Travel Guide On the afternoon of September 6, the China-Singapore Jilin Food Zone project signing ceremony was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Premier Wen Jiabao and Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong attended the signing ceremony. Governor Wang Rulin and President of Singapore Temasek Holdings Kohl signed the Framework Agreement on Cooperation in Multiple Fields. Leaders from Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Development and Reform Comm ission, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Housing and Urban and Rural Const ruction, and Singapore Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of National Development Cooperation , Ministry of Trade and Industry and other ministries and other leaders from the minis Laws & tries of the two countries, as well as Chief Executive of Singapore Temasek Holdings Regulations Ho Ching, Chairman of Singapore Starbridge Holdings (Private) Limited Wong Kan Se Business Help ng, Singapore Temasek Holdings Consultant and Keppel Group Chairman Lee Boon Ya Festival Exhibition ng, Singapore Starbridge Holdings (Private) Limited CE0 Chong Phit Lian and other Si ngapore enterprise executives attended the ceremony. According to the Framework Agreement on Cooperation in Multiple Fields, China and Singapore will achieve comprehensive cooperation in various fields
    [Show full text]
  • Low Carbon Development Roadmap for Jilin City Jilin for Roadmap Development Carbon Low Roadmap for Jilin City
    Low Carbon Development Low Carbon Development Roadmap for Jilin City Roadmap for Jilin City Chatham House, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Energy Research Institute, Jilin University, E3G March 2010 Chatham House, 10 St James Square, London SW1Y 4LE T: +44 (0)20 7957 5700 E: [email protected] F: +44 (0)20 7957 5710 www.chathamhouse.org.uk Charity Registration Number: 208223 Low Carbon Development Roadmap for Jilin City Chatham House, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Energy Research Institute, Jilin University, E3G March 2010 © Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2010 Chatham House (the Royal Institute of International Affairs) is an independent body which promotes the rigorous study of international questions and does not express opinion of its own. The opinions expressed in this publication are the responsibility of the authors. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Please direct all enquiries to the publishers. Chatham House 10 St James’s Square London, SW1Y 4LE T: +44 (0) 20 7957 5700 F: +44 (0) 20 7957 5710 www.chathamhouse.org.uk Charity Registration No. 208223 ISBN 978 1 86203 230 9 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Cover image: factory on the Songhua River, Jilin. Reproduced with kind permission from original photo, © Christian Als,
    [Show full text]
  • The Regeneration of Millennium Ancient City by Beijing-Hangzhou
    TANG LEI, QIU JIANJUN, ‘FLOWING’: The Regeneration of Millennium ancient city , 47 th ISOCARP Congress 2011 ‘FLOWING’: The Regeneration of Millennium ancient city by Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal ——Practice in Suqian, Jiangsu, China 1 The Millennium ancient city - Suqian Overview 1.1 City Impression Suqian, A millennium ancient city in China, Great Xichu Conqueror Xiangyu's hometown, Birthplace of Chuhan culture, Layers of ancient cities buried. Yellow River (the National Mother River 5,464km) and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (the National Wisdom River 1794km, declaring the World Cultural Heritage) run through it. With Luoma, Hongze Lake, it has "Two Rivers Two Lakes" unique spatial characteristics. Nowadays Suqian is meeting the challenge of leapfrog development and ‘Livable Cities’ transformation.The city area is 8555 square kilometers and the resident population is 4,725,100. In 2009 its GDP was RMB 82.685 billion, per capita GDP was RMB 1.75 million. It’s industrial structure is19.3:46.3:34.4, level of urbanization is 37.7% 1.2 Superiority Evaluation (1) industrial structure optimized continuously, overall strength increased significantly. (2) people's lives condition Improved. Urban residents per capita disposable income was 12000, increased 11.6% per year; Farmer’s per capita net income was 6,000, increased 8.9% per year. (3) City’s carrying capacity has improved significantly. infrastructure had remarkable results; the process of industrialization and urbanization process accelerated. (4) Good ecological environment. Good days for 331 days, good rate is 90.4%. (5) Profound historical accumulation. the ancient city, the birthplace of Chu and Han culture, the history of mankind living fossil 1.3 Development Opportunities (1) Expansion of the Yangtze River Delta.
    [Show full text]
  • 6. Jing-Jin-Ji Region, People's Republic of China
    6. Jing-Jin-Ji Region, People’s Republic of China Michael Lindfield, Xueyao Duan and Aijun Qiu 6.1 INTRODUCTION The Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, known as the Jing-Jin-Ji Region (JJJR), is one of the most important political, economic and cultural areas in China. The Chinese government has recognized the need for improved management and development of the region and has made it a priority to integrate all the cities in the Bohai Bay rim and foster its economic development. This economy is China’s third economic growth engine, alongside the Pearl River and Yangtze River Deltas. Jing-Jin-Ji was the heart of the old industrial centres of China and has traditionally been involved in heavy industries and manufacturing. Over recent years, the region has developed significant clusters of newer industries in the automotive, electronics, petrochemical, software and aircraft sectors. Tourism is a major industry for Beijing. However, the region is experiencing many growth management problems, undermining its competitiveness, management, and sustainable development. It has not benefited as much from the more integrated approaches to development that were used in the older-established Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta regions, where the results of the reforms that have taken place in China since Deng Xiaoping have been nothing less than extraordinary. The Jing-Jin-Ji Region covers the municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin and Hebei province (including 11 prefecture cities in Hebei). Beijing and Tianjin are integrated geographically with Hebei province. In 2012, the total population of the Jing-Jin-Ji Region was 107.7 million.
    [Show full text]
  • English/ and New York City—8.538 Million in 2016; 789 Km
    OVERVIEW Public Disclosure Authorized CHONGQING Public Disclosure Authorized 2 35 Public Disclosure Authorized SPATIAL AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION FOR A GLOBAL CITY Public Disclosure Authorized Photo: onlyyouqj. Photo: © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, inter- pretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judg- ment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: [email protected]. Citation Please cite the report as follows: World Bank. 2019. Chongqing 2035: Spatial and Economic Transfor- mation for a Global City. Overview. Washington, DC: World Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    INDEX Aodayixike Qingzhensi Baisha, 683–684 Abacus Museum (Linhai), (Ordaisnki Mosque; Baishui Tai (White Water 507 Kashgar), 334 Terraces), 692–693 Abakh Hoja Mosque (Xiang- Aolinpike Gongyuan (Olym- Baita (Chowan), 775 fei Mu; Kashgar), 333 pic Park; Beijing), 133–134 Bai Ta (White Dagoba) Abercrombie & Kent, 70 Apricot Altar (Xing Tan; Beijing, 134 Academic Travel Abroad, 67 Qufu), 380 Yangzhou, 414 Access America, 51 Aqua Spirit (Hong Kong), 601 Baiyang Gou (White Poplar Accommodations, 75–77 Arch Angel Antiques (Hong Gully), 325 best, 10–11 Kong), 596 Baiyun Guan (White Cloud Acrobatics Architecture, 27–29 Temple; Beijing), 132 Beijing, 144–145 Area and country codes, 806 Bama, 10, 632–638 Guilin, 622 The arts, 25–27 Bama Chang Shou Bo Wu Shanghai, 478 ATMs (automated teller Guan (Longevity Museum), Adventure and Wellness machines), 60, 74 634 Trips, 68 Bamboo Museum and Adventure Center, 70 Gardens (Anji), 491 AIDS, 63 ack Lakes, The (Shicha Hai; Bamboo Temple (Qiongzhu Air pollution, 31 B Beijing), 91 Si; Kunming), 658 Air travel, 51–54 accommodations, 106–108 Bangchui Dao (Dalian), 190 Aitiga’er Qingzhen Si (Idkah bars, 147 Banpo Bowuguan (Banpo Mosque; Kashgar), 333 restaurants, 117–120 Neolithic Village; Xi’an), Ali (Shiquan He), 331 walking tour, 137–140 279 Alien Travel Permit (ATP), 780 Ba Da Guan (Eight Passes; Baoding Shan (Dazu), 727, Altitude sickness, 63, 761 Qingdao), 389 728 Amchog (A’muquhu), 297 Bagua Ting (Pavilion of the Baofeng Hu (Baofeng Lake), American Express, emergency Eight Trigrams; Chengdu), 754 check
    [Show full text]
  • Research on the Inter-Cultural Communication of Yanzhao Traditional Sports Culture Under the Background of the Winter Olympics
    Advances in Physical Education, 2021, 11, 261-267 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ape ISSN Online: 2164-0408 ISSN Print: 2164-0386 Research on the Inter-Cultural Communication of Yanzhao Traditional Sports Culture under the Background of the Winter Olympics Huijian Wang1, Ying Huang1, Yi Yang1, Yalong Li2* 1College of Foreign Language Education and International Business, Baoding University, Baoding, China 2College of Physical Education, Baoding University, Baoding, China How to cite this paper: Wang, H. J., Abstract Huang, Y., Yang, Y., & Li, Y. L. (2021). Research on the Inter-Cultural Communi- Yanzhao Traditional Sports is an intangible cultural heritage with distinctive cation of Yanzhao Traditional Sports Cul- national characteristics. Taking advantage of the opportunity of the 2022 Bei- ture under the Background of the Winter jing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympics, researching the inter-cultural communi- Olympics. Advances in Physical Education, 11, 261-267. cation of Yanzhao traditional sports and constructing an effective communi- https://doi.org/10.4236/ape.2021.112021 cation model will help grasp the initiative of the inter-cultural communica- tion of Yanzhao traditional sports culture and shape the image of Hebei. In Received: April 13, 2021 order to promote inter-cultural communication of Yanzhao traditional sports Accepted: May 16, 2021 Published: May 19, 2021 culture, it is advised to construct from improving the awareness of inter-cultural communication, selection of intercultural communication con- Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and tent, and broaden the channels of inter-cultural communication. Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International Keywords License (CC BY 4.0).
    [Show full text]