ETHNIC STUDIES REVIEW The Journal of the National Association for Ethnic Studies Volume 24: 1, 2, 3 2001 RECEIVED UCF LIBRARY Analytical Traditions General Editor: Otis Scott MAR 1 5 2002 Table of Contents Serials Editor's Note Otis L. Scott . ................................................................................................. i Contributors .................................................................................................iii ARTICLES From Chinatown to Gunga Din Highway E. San Juan, Jr.............................................................. ................................ 1 In Search of Bernabe: Politicized Motherhood Fatima Mujicinovic .......................................................................................29 The Athlete as Trickster Gerald Gems ................ ...................................................................... .........48 Becoming American: the Experience of Hmong Americans Kou Vang .....................................................................................................58 Ethnic Identity, Risk, and Protective Factors Related to Substance Abuse Among Mexican American Students Edward Codina et al... .................................................................................85 Ethnicity and the Jury System Ashton Wesley Welch........................ ........................................................ 104 Saliency of Category Information in Person Perception for Ingroup and Outgroup Members Cynthia Willis Esqueda and Rosemary J. Esseks................. .......................................................... 123 Using African American Perspectives to Promote a More Inclusive Understanding of Human Communication Theory James Schnell ............................................................................................ 141 BOOK REVIEWS Out National Amnesia About Race: A Review Essay of David Blight's Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, reviewed by Jennifer Jensen....................... ............................................... 150 Michael Eric Dyson. I May Not Get There With You: The True Martin Luther King Jr., reviewed by Robert L. Perry...... ................................................................. 158 David Leiwei Li. Imagining the Nation: Asian American Literature and Cultural Consent, reviewed by Phillipa Kafka ...................... .................................................. .159 Aldon Lynn Nielsen, ed. Reading Race in American Poetry: An Area of Act, reviewed by Dean Rader........ .................................................................... 161 Linda Pertustati. In Defense of Mohawk Land: Ethnopolitical Conflict in Native North America, reviewed by Raymond Wilson....................................... ............................ 163 RECE1VED UCF L1BRARV MAR 1 5 2002 Editor's Note Serials The articlesin this volume represent the interpretative and ana­ lytical traditions in ethnic studies scholarship. The first three contributions draw attention to how the tools of literary analysis and inquiry add new perspectives to our understanding of the social realities framing the lives of people of color. The remain­ ing articles using both quantitative and qualitative research methods similarly inform the complex life experiences of peo­ ple of color. In common these seemingly disparate sets of arti­ cles provide sharp and in a couple of instances challenging commentaries on life and living on the margin and the wider social spaces that are circumscribed by color lines. The first article, "From Chinatown to Gunga Din Highway," by E. San Juan, Jr., urges a careful reading of Frank Chin's latest novel. Its messages, according to San Juan, add insight to the role of literary texts in providing both a description of the chal­ lenges facing Chinese Americans and the prescriptions for addressing these within the context of a the U.S. racial polity. Fatima Mujcinovic' s article "In Search of Bernabe: Politicized Womanhood," discusses the dehumanizing effects that war and its associated violence have on the body, mind, and spirit. The piece also points out how new forms of resistance and efforts to reestablish one's humanity can result from personal trials and tribulations. Gerald Gem's "The Athlete as Trickster" brings our attention to how the trickster trope can be used as an analytical tool for understanding how athletes, especially people of color, have responded to the challenges of the color line. "Becoming an American," Kou Yang's article, chronicles the Ethnic Studies Review Volume 24 social and cultural experiences of Hmong refugees coming to the United States the last twenty-five years. Ya ng identifies and analyzes the uniqueness of the Hmong refugee experi­ ence when compared to the immigrant experiences of other Asian groups coming to the United States. Edward Codina, Zenong Yin, et ai, in their article, "Ethnic Identity, Risk, and Protective Factors Related to Substance Use and Academic Achievement Among Mexican American Students," inform us through the use of quantitative research methods of the relationships between ethnic identity, risk, and protective factors and academic achievement. Cynthia Willis Esqueda and Rosemary Esseks explore the extent to which visual stumuli, e.g., race and occupation, are used by European American college students to assign ingroup and outgroup membership based on race of a fictional character. Their contribution, "Saliency of Category Information in Person Perception for Ingroup and Outgroup Members," is a research report of their findings. Ashton Welch in the article, "Ethnicity and the Jury System," examines how aspects of the jurysele c­ tion system disadvantage ethnic and linguistic groups and the prospects for judicial relief. In the final article in this volume, "Using African American Perspectives to Promote a More Inclusive Understanding of Human Communication Theory," Jim Schnell, relates how he has expanded the content of his courses in communications studies to include works by and about African Americans. Schnell argues that this inclusive approach benefits the student and the instructor and has implications for the inclusion of con­ tent addressing the cultural experiences of other groups. We hope you will find this volume in the best traditions of seri­ ous scholarly commentary: provocative, stimulating, and informative. Otis L. Scott California State University Sacramento ii Contributors E. San Juan, Jr. is a Fellow of the Center for the Humanities, Wesleyan University, and a Visiting Professor of English there. He was recently chair of the Department of Comparative American Cultures, Washington State University and Visiting Professor of English and Comparative Literature, Ta mkang University. His recent book After Postco/onialism won the 2001 Myers Human Rights Center Outstanding Book Award. His new work, Racism and Cultural Studies, will be released by Duke University Press in March 2002. Fatima Mujcinovlc is Assistant Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Westminster College and is currently writ­ ing a book on Latina literature. She received her Ph.D. in Comparative Literature from the University of California, Santa Barbara. Her research interests include Latinaio and other U.S. eth­ nic literatures, literature of the Americas, cultural studies, and literary theoryand translation. Gerald Gems is the President-elect of the North American Society for Sport History and co-editor of Book Review for the Joumal of Sport History. He is a full professor at North Central College in Naperville, Illinois, where he serves as Chairperson of the Health and Physical Education Department. He has authored three books and numerous articles on sport history and the relationships of sport and social class, race, ethnicity , and gender. Kou Yang is an Assistant Professor of Asian American Studies in the Departmentof Ethnic and Women's Studies at California State University, Stanislaus. He is interested in Hmong American Studies and has published in Hmong Studies Journal and Asian American Studies Journal. Edward Codina, Ph.D., is a researcher with the Hispanic Research Center, University of Texas San Antonio. His research focuses on social and psychological issues affecting the well-being and education of Latino students and adults. Zenong Yin, Ph.D., is a professor of Pediatrics at the Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia. His research focuses on behav- iii Ethnic Studies Review Volume 24 ioral and environmental factors related to physical inactivity, poor diet, and substance abuse. He advocates promotion of a healthy lifestyle in children and adolescents. Jesse T. Zapata, Ph.D., is Vice Provost for the University of Te xas at San Antonio Downtown Campus and Dean of the College of Public Policy. His most recent research focuses on substance use among Latino students. David S. Katims, Ed.D, (late) was a professor in Special Education at the University of Te xas at San Antonio. Dr. Ashton Wesley Welch is the Coordinator of the Black Studies program and the Director of the Honors Program at Creighton University. His research and teaching center on the intersection between ethnicity and issues of race in the United States and in South Africa. Cynthia Willis Esqueda is at the University of Nebraska. Rosemary Esseks is at the University of Nebraska. Jim Schnell is an Associate Professor of Communication Studies at Ohio Dominican College. He has published three books and over thirty-five