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Asterids Cornales & Ericales Asterids Cornales & Ericales Pollination Biology Movie Announcements Movie: Sexual Encounters of the Floral Kind Lab Quiz today. Guest Lecture Wednesday: Evo-devo of floral organs. Guest Lecture next Monday: Conservation and management of rare plants in Washington. MHG Project due next Wednesday. Phylogeny of Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Eudicots (or Tricolpates) “Basal eudicots” (Soltis et al. 2011) Synapomorphies for Asterids Iridoid compounds www.scielo.br/img/fbpe/jbchs/v12n2/a04fig01.gif Unitegmic ovules http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v450/n7173/images/nature06393-i2.0.jpg Tenuinucellate ovules http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/library/webb/BOT410/Angiosperm/LeucaenaOvule300NucellusLab.jpg Phylogeny of Asterids Asterids Cornales Cornaceae Ericales Ericaceae Polemoniaceae Lamiids: Campanulids: Gentianales Apiales Apiaceae Apocynaceae Rubiaceae Dipsacales Lamiales Caprifoliaceae Asterales Lamiaceae Asteraceae Scrophulariaceae Campanulaceae Solanales Solanaceae Boraginaceae (APG 2003, Judd & Olmstead 2004, Soltis et al. 2005) N. hemisphere woody plant families with opposite leaves Clayton J. Antieau Ben Legler Richard Olmstead http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2008/04/02/horsechestnut460x276.jpg Cornaceae (Dogwood family) Cornus kousa Kousa dogwood Textbook DVD KRR Cornaceae (Dogwood family) 13 genera, 130 species (Cornus, Davidia, Nyssa) Habit: Leaves: http://www.naturekind.org/imgs/robbin/r/Cornaceae_Cornus_canadensis_29113.html Ben Legler 2004 Cornaceae (Dogwood family) 13 genera, 130 species (Cornus, Davidia, Nyssa) Habit: Leaves: Textbook DVD WSJ Ben Legler 2004 Cornaceae (Dogwood family) Cornus unalaschkensis Western bunchberry Note this exceptional species that is a “subshrub” and not obviously woody. Ben Legler 2004 Cornaceae (Dogwood family) Inflorescence: Flowers: Ben Legler 2003 Sex of plant: Rod Gilbert 2005 Cornaceae (Dogwood family) Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: # of stamens: G. D. Carr # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Ovary position: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Cornaceae (Dogwood family) Fruit type: Textbook DVD JRA Tim Hagan Ben Legler 2005 Phylogeny of Asterids Asterids Cornales Cornaceae Ericales Ericaceae Polemoniaceae Lamiids: Campanulids: Gentianales Apiales Apiaceae Apocynaceae Rubiaceae Dipsacales Lamiales Caprifoliaceae Asterales Lamiaceae Asteraceae Scrophulariaceae Campanulaceae Solanales Solanaceae Boraginaceae (APG 2003, Judd & Olmstead 2004, Soltis et al. 2005) Ericaceae (Heather family) http://georgian.wunderground.com/data/wximagenew/f/Feather3/5431.jpg Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Rhododendron macrophyllum Pacific Rhododendron (WA State Flower) Ryan Miller Ericaceae (Heather family) Vaccinium contains ~450 species, including blueberry, cranberry, huckleberry, etc. Textbook DVD WSJ Vaccinium corymbosum northern highbush blueberry Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Ryan Miller Ericaceae (Heather family) Ben Legler 2004 124 genera, 4100 species (Arbutus, Arctostaphylos, Erica, Gaultheria, Rhododendron, Vaccinium) Habit: Leaves: Tim Hagan 2004 Ericaceae (Heather family) http://www.apsnet.org/education/illustratedglossary/PhotosI-M/mycorrhiza.jpg Textbook DVD WSJ Ericaceae are strongly associated with mycorrhizal fungi and often Monotropa uniflora mycotrophic. Indian-pipe Ericaceae include a mycoparasitic Mycotrophic = nutritionally dependent on fungi underground, which, in turn are (holoparasitic) group: the dependent on other green plants through Monotropoids. mycorrhizal connections. (Kron 1996) Ericaceae (Heather family) Inflorescence: Flowers: http://www.nestlerode.org/Cremation_Urn/urn_finished.jpg Sex of plant: G. D. Carr 2006 Yaowu Yuan Yaowu Yuan Ericaceae (Heather family) Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN http://www.rampantscotland.com/colour/supplement060527.htm http://www.nestlerode.org/Cremation_Urn/urn_finished.jpg Ericaceae (Heather family) # of stamens: Yaowu Yuan Ben Legler Textbook DVD KMN Ericaceae (Heather family) # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Ovary position: Clayton J. Antieau Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Ericaceae (Heather family) Fruit type: Ben Legler 2005 Textbook DVD KRR Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Animal Pollination Syndromes (continued) “Buzz” pollination by bees: 1) no nectar reward (pollen sole reward) 2) connivent anthers (anthers held together) at center of flower 3) anthers opening by terminal pores; pollen shakes out when the bee buzzes the flower Yaowu Yuan Ryan Miller Polemoniaceae (Phlox family) Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Yaowu Yuan Phlox sp. Ryan Miller Polemoniaceae (Phlox family) Ipomopsis aggregata scarlet gilia Yaowu Yuan Collomia grandiflora large-flower mountain-trumpet Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Ryan Miller Yaowu Yuan Polemoniaceae (Phlox family) 18 genera, 380 species (Collomia, Gilia, Phlox, Polemonium) Habit: Ben Legler 2005 Leaves: Ben Legler 2004 Ben Legler 2004 Polemoniaceae (Phlox family) Inflorescence: Flowers: G. D. Carr 2008 Sex of plant: Ben Legler 2003 Polemoniaceae (Phlox family) Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: Ryan Miller G. D. Carr 2009 Polemoniaceae (Phlox family) # of stamens: # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Ovary position: Ben Legler Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Polemoniaceae (Phlox family) Fruit type: http://www.wnmu.edu/academic/nspages2/gilaflora/i_aggregata3.jpg .
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