Volume 4, Issue 2 (1983)

• Vol'. 4, lssue 2, SepternlJer 1/83 • ' or • • • YOUR CAMEL YOUR CAMEL IS YOU HA'JE ARRIVED LIKES THIS PACE BURNING ACROSS AT A WATERHOtE •. THE DES'ERT SANDS 'tOUR rCA'MEL EATS WARNING HAPPILY WHILE YOU YOU NEED A DRINK REFJLL YOUR • WATER-BAG Also i�n th,is issue,: DEPARTIM'E',NTS: • Conserving BASIC Memory A �B�it of Lower Case PROGRAMMING: 8, Theory and Techniq,ues of Sorting � Part Sol',,I ' ,,' ' ,' • • Format ion Level II • • Othello Colour • �•� �ord,er�i��n�g� �Pr�i�oriti'es Level ,'lil' • • Regist er Display Program Peach • Towers of HanoJ Colour ***** ABOUT MICR0-80 ***** EDITOR: RYSZARD WIWATOWSKI ASSOCIATE EDITORS : SOFTWARE CHARLIE BARTLETT HARDWARE EDWIN PAAY MICR0-80 is an international magazine devoted to the Tandy TRS-80 Model I, Model III and Col our mi crocomputers , the Dick Smi th System 80/Video Geni e and the Hitachi Peach. It is avai lable at the fol lowi ng prices: 12 MONTH SUB. SINGLE COPY MAGAZINE ONLY $ 26-00 $ 2-50 CASSETTE PLUS MAGAZINE $ 65-00 $ 4-00 (cass. only} DISK PLUS MAGAZ INE $125-00 $1 0-00 (disk only} MICR0-80 is avai lable in the United Ki ngdom from : U.K. SUBSCRIPTION DEPT. 24 Woodhi ll Park, Pembury , Tunbridge Wel ls, KENT TN2 4NW MAGAZINE ONLY £ 16-00 £ 1-50 CASSETTE PLUS MAGAZINE £ 43-60 £ N/ A DISK PLUS MAGAZINE £ 75-00 £ N/ A MICR0-80 is avai lable in New Zeal and from : MICRO PROCESSOR SERVICES , 940A Columbo Street , CHRISTCHURCH N.Z. Ph 62894 MAGAZINE ONLY NZ$ 43-00 NZ$ 4-00 CASSETTE PLUS MAGAZINE NZ$ 89-00 NZ$ 5-00 DISK PLUS MAGAZINE NZ$175-00 NZ$1 5-00 MICR0-80 is despatched from Austral ia by ai rmai l to other countri es at the fol lowi ng rates : (12 MONTH SUB} MAGAZINE CASS + MAG DISK + MAG PAPUA NEW GUINEA Aus$40-00 Aus$ 83-00 Aus$ 143-00 HONG KONG/SINGAPORE Aus$44-00 Aus$ 88-00 Aus$ 148-00 INDIA/JAPAN Aus$49-00 Aus$ 95-00 Aus$ 155-00 USA/MIDDLE EAST/CANADA Aus$55-00 Aus$102-00 Aus$ 162-00 Speci a 1 bu 1 k purchase rates are a 1 so avai l ab 1 e to computer shops etc. Please use the form in this issue to order your copy or subscri ption. The purpose of MICR0-80 is to pub 1 ish software and other information to hel p you get the most from your TRS-80, System 80/Video Genie or Peach and its peri ph era 1 s. MICR0- 80 is in no way connected wi th any of the Tandy , Dick Smi th or Hitachi organisations. ** WE WILL PAY YOU TO PUBL ISH YOUR PROGRAMS ** Most of the 1 nformat1 on we pub 11sh 1 s prov1ded by our readers , to whom we pay royalti es. An app 1 i cation form contai ni ng fu 11 detai ls of how you can use your mi crocomputer to earn some extra jncome is included in every issue. ** CONTENT ** Each month we pub 1 ish at 1 east one app 1 i cations program in BASIC for each of the mi era computers we support. We a 1 so pub 1 ish Uti lity programs in BAS IC and Machine Language. We publ ish articles on hardware modifications , constructional articl es for useful peri pherals, arti cles on programmi ng techniques both in Assembly Language and BASIC, new product revi ews for both hardware and software and we pri nt letters to the Editor. ** COPYRIGHT ** All the maten a 1 pub 1 i shed in this magazine is under copyri ght. This means that you must not copy it, except for your own use. This app 1 i es to photocopyi ng the magazine itself or maki ng copies of programs on tape or disk. ** LIABILITY ** The programs and other arti cles in MICR0-80" are publ ished in good faith and we do our utmost to ensure that they function as descri bed. However, no 1 i abi 1 i ty can be accepted for the fai lure of any program or other arti cle to function satisfactori ly or for any consequenti al damages arisi ng from thei r use for any purpose whatsoever. VOLUME 4, NO. 2 (SEPTEMBER, 1983 ) MICR0-80 PAGE 1 ***** CONTENTS ***** REGULARS PAGE EDITORIAL 2 PEEKING (UK) - From our U.K. Correspondent 2 INPUT/OUTPUT - Letters to the Edi tor 2 WHAT YOU HAVE MISSED 8 MICROBUGS 14 DEPARTMENTS KALEI DOSCOPE 4 PEACH BOWL 5 GROUP ONE 6 FORM THREE 7 PROGRAMMING THEORY AND TECHNIQUES OF SORTING - Part 8 9 SOFTWARE - TOWERS OF HANO I ...............................•.....................CC 14 & 19 OTHELLO .....•..............•.............................•..........CC 15 & 21 TOWERS OF HAND I ............................•........................PEACH 14 & 23 REGI STER DISPLAY.................................................... PEACH 15 & 24 DESERT CHASE .•......................................................L2/ 16K 16 & 25 FORMATION .................•.........................................L2/ 1 6Kml 16 & 27 ORDERI NG PR IOR I TIES ................................................. L2/1 6K 18 & 23 MICR0-80 PRODUCTS CATALOGUE CENTRE NEXT MONTH1 S ISSUE 35 CASSETTE/DISK EDI TION INDEX 36 ORDER FORM 36 MICR0-80 is Regi stered by Austral ia Post - Publi cation No. SBQ2207 AUSTRALIAN OFFICE AND EDITOR: MICR0-80 P.O. BOX 213 GOODWOOD, SOUTH AUSTRALIA, 5034. TEL. (08) 21 1 7244 U.K. SUBSCRIPTION DEPT: 24 WOODHILL PARK, PEMBURY, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT TN2 4NW Pri nted by: Shovel & Bul l Pri nters , 379 South Road, MILE END , S.A. , 5031 Publ i shed in Austral ia by: MICR0-80 433 Morphett Street, Adel aide, SA., 5000 VOLUME 4, NO. 2 (SEPTEMBER, 1983} MICR0-80 PAGE 2 ***** EDITORIAL ***** With the announcement of a new range of computers, Tandy Austral ia offers somethi ng to interest everyone from the MC-10 Mi cro Colour Computer for $199.95 (avai lable in November}, through the new Model 4 to the Model s 12 and 16. There•s even a portable computer for the travel ling busi nes man. The word • portab 1 e • takes on a new meani ng wi th the Mode 1 100 which is about the size of its own manual but lighter. It has a LCD di spl ay of 8 lines of 40 characters (wi th graphics capability} and is battery powered wi th a non-vol ati le memory. The basic hardware consi sts of a good keyboard, 8K of RAM (expandable to 24K} , a clock wi th cal endar , and interfaces to accommodate a Centronics printer, a RS-232-C port and a cassette recorder for data storage. The 32K of ROM pro vi des a BAS IC interpreter, a word processor, an address and appoi ntment faci lity and communications software. Once you become fami liar wi th these, I image that you can take and use the Model 100 literal ly anywhere. The new Model 4 wi ll be avai lable in three configurations - l6K cassette (for $1 ,799}, 64K singl e drive (for $2, 799} and 64K two drive (for $3,299}. Model 3 owners can upgrade their computers with a ki t that includes a new keyboard , a new CPU board wi th 64K memory and the TRSDOS 6. 0 operating system wi th Di sk BASIC and sel ls for $1 ,299. CP/M Pl us for the Model 4 is expected within two to three months. Meanwhi le, in the U.S. Tandy has released a new , smart-looki ng 64K Col our Computer (featuring a good qual ity keyboard} and the OS-9 real -time, multi -taski ng, multi -user operating system providing access to a broad range of existing appl ications software. The Multi -Pak Interface (priced around $US1 80} is an accessory al lowi ng the Colour Computer user to select one of four ROM packs at the fl ick of a switch or under software contra 1 . Undoubtedly these too wi ll be avai lable in Austral ia in the near future. - 0000000000 - ***** PEEKing (UK} - by Tony Edwards ***** You wi ll remember the universal programmi ng language NOS-BASICODE reported in an earl ier issue of MICR0-80. Rather than die, thi s 1 anguage is sti ll deve 1 opi ng and the 1 a test deve 1 opment is NOS-BASICODE-2 , which includes the earl i er. version. These programmi ng languages have their origi n in the Dutch Broadcasting Corporation • s program 11Hobbyscoop11 (pronounced Hobby Scope}. Programs on computing, incl udi ng the transmi ssion of programs in BAS ICODE are output regul arly by Radi o Hi 1 versum 2 and 4 on the medi urn and VHF wave bands for reception in Hal l and , but these are easi ly recei ved in other European Countries. For our readers in other parts of the world short-wave transmi ssions were tri ed but were not successful. However, the programs are now transmi tted to radi o stations worl d wide for re-trans mi ssion local ly. The program to look for is .. Radi o Activity .. , a 15 mi nute Engl ish language program which is re-transmi tted for local reception in Austral ia, USA, Canada, and parts of Africa and Asi a, as wel l as Europe. The local stati ons broadcast at suitabl e local times but the internal Dutch program is transmi tted at 1710 GMT on Sundays in the summer , and at 1810 on Sundays in the wi nter. It wi ll be found at 747kHz ( 401 metres ). Good 1 i steni ng ! The mai n program is in Dutch but it includes short expl anations in Engl ish.

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