Ya-Chen Chen Editor the Rise of Taiwanese Feminism
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Ya-chen Chen Editor (En) Gendering Taiwan The Rise of Taiwanese Feminism (En)Gendering Taiwan Ya-chen Chen Editor (En)Gendering Taiwan The Rise of Taiwanese Feminism 123 Editor Ya-chen Chen Columbia University New York, NY USA and China Medical University Taichung Taiwan ISBN 978-3-319-63217-9 ISBN 978-3-319-63219-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63219-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017947834 © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. 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Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Contents 1 Introduction: (En)Gendering Taiwan.......................... 1 Ya-chen Chen 2 Siraya Concepts of Marriage in Seventeenth-Century Sincan: Impressions Gathered from the Letters of Two Dutch Missionaries .............................................. 13 Natalie Everts 3 Taiwanese Communist Feminist, Xie Xuehong: Li Ang’s Literary Portrait of Xie Xuehong’s Pre-1949 Feminist Activism in Taiwan....... 25 Ya-chen Chen 4 “The Only Thing Oriental About Me Is My Face”: The True Picture of Madame Chiang Kai-Shek ......................... 53 Daniel Palm and Linda Chiang 5 Cinematic Metaphors of Autumn Cicadas and Chilling Cicadas: The Way Out of Legal Bottlenecks in Sex Appeal ........ 69 Ya-chen Chen 6 An Investigation of the Huangmei Opera Film Genre: The Audience’s Perception of Ling Po’s Male Impersonation .......... 85 Yeong-Rury Chen 7 Factors Promoting Women’s Participation in Taiwan’s Politics .... 95 Cal Clark and Janet Clark 8 Gendering of Academic in Taiwan: From Women’s Studies to Gender Studies, 1985–2015.................................. 115 Bih-Er Chou 9 From Women in Taiwan’s History of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to Recent Case Studies of Gender Practice Under the Academic Glass Ceiling ................................. 149 Jaung-gong Lin, Liang-wen Tsai and Ya-chen Chen v Editor and Contributors About the Editor Ya-chen Chen is an associate professor at the College of Humanities and Technology in China Medical University. With almost two decades of teaching experience in US higher education, she had research experience as a post-doctoral researcher at Stanford University as well as a visiting scholar at Harvard University and Columbia University. Her academic books include TheManyDimensionsof Chinese Feminism; Women in Chinese Martial Arts of the New Millennium: Narrative Analysis and Gender Politics; Women and Gender in Contemporary Chinese Societies: Beyond the Han Patriarchy; Higher Education in East Asia: Neoliberalism and Professoriate; Women in Taiwan: Sociocultural Perspectives; Farewell My Concubine: Same-Sex Readings and Cross-Cultural Dialogues. Contributors Ya-chen Chen Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Yeong-Rury Chen Mass Communication Department, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC Linda Chiang Department of Teacher Education, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA, USA Bih-Er Chou Institute of Sociology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-chu, Taiwan Cal Clark Auburn University, Auburn, USA Janet Clark University of West Georgia, Carrollton, USA Natalie Everts Amsterdam, The Netherlands Jaung-gong Lin China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Daniel Palm Department of History and Political Science, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA, USA Liang-wen Tsai Examination Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.) vii Chapter 1 Introduction: (En)Gendering Taiwan Ya-chen Chen Although most nonacademic people in English-speaking or other non-Asian areas frequently mistake Taiwan for Thailand, what Taiwan is is discussed in various English-language academic books by numerous scholars, such as William Campbell’s Formosa under the Dutch, Andrew Ljungstedt’s A Historical Sketch of the Portuguese Settlements in China and of the Roman Catholic Church and Mission in China, Tonio Andrade’s How Taiwan Became Chinese, Melissa Brown’s Is Taiwan Chinese?, Alan M. Watchman’s Taiwan: National Identity and Democratization, Denny Roy’s Taiwan: A Political History, Bruce Herschensohn’s Taiwan: The Threatened Democracy, John Franklin Copper’s Taiwan: Nation- State or Province?, or Murray A. Rubinstein’s Taiwan: A New History. However, English-language academic books focusing on Taiwanese gender issues could probably be counted on one’s fingers. The most influential reason lies in most English-speaking feminists or gender scholars, though not mistaking Taiwanese gender issues as Thai gender issues, frequently place Taiwanese gender issues under the huge umbrella of Mainland Chinese, Communist Chinese, or P.R.C. women’s and gender studies. This inadvertent “big China bias”1 indirectly hinders a more complete understanding of how Taiwanese gender issues were in the past, what Taiwanese gender issues are now, and which sort of future Taiwanese gender issues will be facing. Although limited exceptions in Harvard University’s library online catalogues include Cal Clark and Janet Clark’s cooperation with Chou Bih-er (周碧娥) to publish Women in Taiwan Politics, Catherine Farris and Murray A. Rubinstein’s collaboration with Lee Anru (李安如) to publish Women in the New Taiwan, Chen Pei-ying’s “Acting Otherwise,” Doris T. Chang’s Women’s Movements in Twentieth-Century Taiwan, Lydia Kung’s Factory Women in Y. Chen (&) Columbia University, New York, NY, USA e-mail: [email protected] Y. Chen China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 1 Y. Chen (ed.), (En)Gendering Taiwan, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63219-3_1 2 Y. Chen Taiwan, Hans Tao-ming Huang’s Queer Politics and Sexuality Modernity in Taiwan, and some of Chen Ya-chen’s(陳雅湞) books, most English-language academic books which touch upon Taiwanese gender issues because they uncon- sciously regard Taiwanese aspects as nothing but a tiny byproduct when talking about the giant vista of Mainland Chinese, Communist Chinese, or P.R.C. women’s, gender, and queer studies—not because Taiwanese gender issues are their only key-points. If P.R.C. feminism, Communist Chinese gender issues, or Mainland Chinese women’s liberation were only a part of feminism in the whole Chinese-heritage women’s cultural realm, why is the P.R.C. version presented as if it were the entirety of Chinese-heritage people’s gender concerns? This book aims to highlight the diversity and rich-ness of non-Mainland and Taiwan-oriented gender issues in order to replace the above-mentioned “one-ness” with the many dimensions or “not-one-ness” of Chinese-heritage people’s gender concerns. Although Chinese-heritage people share similar traditions, different gender problems have been taking places in and challenging various local conditions of Chinese-speaking areas. Taiwan’s gender issues have been reflecting Taiwan’s unique historical, sociocultural, economic, political, (post)colonial (including not merely Japanese but also Dutch, Portuguese, British, and Spanish aspects), military, and diplomatic backgrounds, which Chinese mainlanders, Chinese Communists, P.R.C. govern- mental official, Hong Kongers, Mongols, Tibetans, overseas Chinese, and other kinds of Chinese-heritage people are probably unfamiliar with and inexperienced in. Needless to say, Taiwanese gender issues should not be misrepresented by P.R. C. communist feminism or Mainland Chinese gender practice, therefore. To counter-react to the inadvertent misrepresentation of “big China bias,” Taiwanese gender issues are the only focus of this English-language academic book. How Taiwanese gender issues differ from all the other Chinese-speaking people’s gender concerns can enrich the bird’s-eye view of feminism or gender studies in the overall Chinese-speaking cultural realm. The English-language word, “gender,” indicates not only sexual or gender issues but also the birth or creation of a new life. If the past, present, future, and overall history of Taiwanese feminism and gender practice can be academically taken seriously and not oversimplified by Mainland Chinese, Communist Chinese, or P.R. C. misrepresentation (though it is undeniable that Taiwan does share Confucian backgrounds and some other Chinese-heritage people’s traditions with Mainland China, Communist China, or P.R.C.), the title of this book,