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Gibe III - Environmental and Social Management Plan 300 ENV R MD 001 C Gibe III - Environmental and Social Management Plan 300 ENV R MD 001 C Environmental and Social Management Plan Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Project Location 2 1.3 Objectives of the ESMP 6 1.4 Associated Reports 7 1.5 Report Structure 7 2 Project Description .................................................................................................. 9 2.1 Background 9 2.2 Description of the Main Project Components 9 2.2.1 Project Layout 9 2.2.2 River Diversion and Cofferdam 13 2.2.3 Dam and Reservoir 13 2.2.4 Spillway 16 2.2.5 River Diversion 16 2.2.6 Power Intakes 16 2.2.7 Power House 16 2.2.8 Switchyards 16 2.2.9 Dam Instrumentation 16 2.2.10 Transmission Line 17 2.3 Access Roads 17 2.4 Construction Materials 18 2.5 Disposal Areas 22 2.6 Construction and Operation Labour Requirements 22 2.7 Camps and Construction Facilities 24 2.8 Reservoir Impounding 24 2.9 Operation Characteristics 24 2.10 Project Costs 27 2.11 Economic 27 2.12 Construction Programme 28 3 Environmental Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework............................. 31 3.1 Regulatory Framework of the FDRE 31 3.1.1 Constitution of FDRE 31 3.1.2 Environmental Policy Frame Work of Ethiopia 31 3.1.3 Environmental Framework Legislation/Proclamation 32 3.2 Regional and International / Multilateral Agreement 33 3.3 Environmental Assessment Procedures and Guidelines in Ethiopia 34 3.3.1 EPA’s EIA Guidelines 34 3.3.2 EIA Process 35 3.4 Regulatory Requirements of International Financial Institutions 37 MDI International Consulting Engineers i Printed: 04/02/09 Gibe III - Environmental and Social Management Plan 300 ENV R MD 001 C 3.4.1 African Development Bank 38 3.4.2 World Bank Group 39 3.4.3 European Investment Bank 41 3.5 Standards Applicable to the Project 42 3.5.1 National Standards 42 3.5.2 IFC Standards 43 3.6 Contractual Requirements of Gibe III Scheme 45 3.6.1 EPC Contract Document 45 3.6.2 Environmental Impact Statement 45 3.6.3 Environmental Management Plan 45 3.7 Institutional Framework 45 3.7.1 The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 45 3.7.2 Environmental Protection Authority 45 3.7.3 Environmental Policy Framework of EEPCO 46 3.7.4 Environmental Policy of the EPC Contractor 48 4 Summary of Impacts ............................................................................................. 50 4.1 General 50 4.2 Beneficial/Positive Impacts 50 4.3 Adverse Environmental Impacts 53 4.3.1 Impacts on Physical Environment 58 4.3.2 Impacts on Biological Environment 59 4.3.3 Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment 61 4.3.4 Impacts on Downstream Environment 64 4.3.5 Impacts Associated With Ancillary Works 66 5 Environmental Mitigation and Enhancement Measures ..................................... 67 5.1 Background 67 5.2 Pre-construction Phase 67 5.2.1 Buffer Area Development Plan 67 5.2.2 Watershed Management Plan 76 5.2.3 Wildlife Resource Management and Protection Plan 76 5.2.4 Submergence of Chida-Sodo Road Section and the Omo Bridge 82 5.2.5 Severance of Access at Omo Valley 84 5.2.6 Agro-pastoralists Population 87 5.2.7 Archaeological and Cultural Remains Management Plan 89 5.3 Environmental Impacts during Construction 92 5.3.1 Erosion and Sediment Control Plan 92 5.3.2 Spoil Disposal 93 5.3.3 Waste Management Plan 98 5.3.4 Spill Contingency and Response Plan 101 5.3.5 Quarries Development and Restoration Plan 102 5.3.6 Water Pollution 104 5.3.7 Air Quality Impacts 105 MDI International Consulting Engineers ii Printed: 04/02/09 Gibe III - Environmental and Social Management Plan 300 ENV R MD 001 C 5.3.8 Noise and Vibration Impacts 106 5.3.9 On-Site Traffic Management Plan 107 5.3.10 Explosive Storage and Handling 108 5.3.11 Construction Camps and Site Installations 109 5.3.12 Spontaneous Settlement Areas 112 5.3.13 Conflict between Imported Workers and Local Population 112 5.3.14 Project Staff Health Program 113 5.3.15 Environmental Awareness Training Plan 115 5.4 Impacts during Reservoir Operation 117 5.4.1 Water Quality Improvements by Reduction of Biomass in the Reservoir 117 5.4.2 Controlled Environmental Floods 118 5.4.3 Riparian Release 120 5.4.4 Sterilisation of Base Camp and other Worksite Areas 120 6 Monitoring Programmes and Parameters .......................................................... 132 6.1 Overview of the Monitoring Programme 132 6.2 Components of Environmental Monitoring 133 6.2.1 Monitoring to Establish Baseline 133 6.2.2 Monitoring Plan: Construction Phase 133 6.2.3 Monitoring Plan: Impounding and Operation Phase 137 6.3 Checking and Corrective Action 142 6.3.1 Inspection of Environmental Performance and Monitoring 142 6.3.2 Non-conformance, corrective and preventive action 142 6.3.3 Records 142 6.4 Monitoring Framework 142 7 Public Consultation ............................................................................................. 150 7.1 Background and Objectives 150 7.2 Stakeholders Identification 150 7.3 Consultation Methodologies 151 7.4 Total Consulted stakeholders 151 7.5 Major Findings of Consultation 152 7.5.1. Major Findings of Consultation at Local Leaders Level 152 7.5.2. Major Findings of Consultation with Community Groups 155 7.5.3. Finding of Consultation on Cultural Resources 157 7.5.4. Major Findings of Consultation with Agro-pastoralist Community 157 7.6 Major Findings of Consultation at Lower Omo 159 7.6.1. Views of Zonal Administration 159 7.6.2. Views of Wereda Administrations 159 7.6.3. Views of the Community 161 7.6.4. Consultations with Wildlife Department (WCD) and Protected Areas Personnel 162 7.6.5. Views of NGOs and other Organisations 163 8 Organisations and Institutions Responsible for ESMP Implementation ......... 164 MDI International Consulting Engineers iii Printed: 04/02/09 Gibe III - Environmental and Social Management Plan 300 ENV R MD 001 C 8.1 Inter-Organisational Coordination 164 8.2 EEPCO’s Environmental Monitoring Unit 166 8.3 Environmental Protection Authority 169 8.4 EPC Contractor 170 8.5 Environmental Advisory Panel 170 8.6 Site Auditing 171 9 Reporting and Reviewing .................................................................................... 172 9.1 General 172 9.2 Monthly Site Inspection Report 172 9.3 Monthly Progress Report 173 9.4 Site Environmental Management Plan Report 173 9.5 Record Keeping and Reporting 174 10 Project Feedbacks Adjustment and Grievance Mechanisms ........................... 175 10.1 Project Feedbacks 175 10.2 Amending the Environmental and Social Management Plan 175 10.3 Change Management 175 10.4 Grievance Mechanisms 176 11 Training and Capacity Building .......................................................................... 177 11.1 The Need for Training and Capacity Building 177 11.1.1 Environmental Management Unit 177 11.1.2 Components of the Training Programme 178 11.2 Other Federal and Regional Level Agencies 179 11.3 Training to Construction Workers 180 11.4 Environmental Training Costs 180 12 Procurement Plan ................................................................................................ 181 13 Environmental Mitigation, Management, Monitoring and Training Costs ....... 182 13.1 Implementation Cost of ESMP 182 13.2 Funding Mechanism 186 14 Work Plan ............................................................................................................. 190 References .................................................................................................................... 194 Annexes ........................................................................................................................ 196 MDI International Consulting Engineers iv Printed: 04/02/09 Gibe III - Environmental and Social Management Plan 300 ENV R MD 001 C List of Tables Table 1.1: Administration Around the Reservoir Area 3 Table 2.1: Gibe III Scheme: Major Site Facility 13 Table 2.2: Summary of Main Characteristics of the Project 14 Table 2.3: Project Cost in Euro (in million) 27 Table 3.1: EIA procedures in Ethiopia 35 Table 3.2: National standards for Ambient air quality and Noise level 43 Table 3.3: Indicative values for treated sanitary sewagw discharges Table 3.4: Noise levels guideline 44 Table 3.5: Noise Levels guidelines in working environment 44 Table 4.1: Prediction and evaluation of Potential Environmental Impacts: Gibe III Hydroelectric Project 55 Table 5.1: Proposed Woodland Intervention Restoration Area by Wereda 70 Table 5.2: Summary of species for proposed agro-forestry interventions 73 Table 5.3: Priority species for restoration and compensatory afforestation spoil disposal site 95 Table 5.4: A summary of activities and required inputs of restoration of quarry and disposal sites 96 Table 5.5: Priority Species for Restoration and Compensatory Afforestation Quarry Site 103 Table 5.6: Environmental Awareness Principles and Topics 117 Table 5.7: Construction Phase: Environmental Mitigation and Enhancement Measure 123 Table 5.8: Operation Phase: Environmental Mitigation and Enhancement Measure 132 Table 6.1: Wildlife Monitoring Data Sheet 137 Table 6.2: Monitoring Plan Construction Phase 145 Table 6.3: Monitoring Plan Operation Phase 148 Table 7.1: Summary of Consultation Meetings 153 Table 8.1: Agencies and Organizations Responsible for ESMP Implementation 166 Table 11.1: Environmental Training and Study tour Costs in Birr 181 Table 12.1: Preliminary List of Equipment for Monitoring Programme 182 Table 13.1: Summary of Estimated Environmental Mitigation,
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