DOCSLIB.ORG

THE POL&IHATXON STATUS of PRUNUS SUBCQRDATA by LEWIS

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
THE POL&IHATXON STATUS of PRUNUS SUBCQRDATA by LEWIS THE POL&IHATXON STATUS OF PRUNUS SUBCQRDATA by LEWIS ANGLE BAMMEfiS A THESIS submittod to 0KEO0M STATE COLt«EGB in partial fulfillsont of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIBSCI June 1949 APPROVED: Head of pe^artment of Horticulture In Charge of Major ... i tyf fin' i in — w—r i ,.,... i Chairman of School Graduate Committee ' -*• .~.- -— ^. ^. ^^_^y^ Dean of Graduate School 7— 3" ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express his grateful appre- ciation for the valuable assistance rendered by the many persons cooperating in this atudy* He is particularly Indebted to Professor Henry Hartmen, whose guidance and generous help carried this work to its completion. To A* H. Roberts, Assistant Horticulturaliat of the Experi- ment Station, the author is deeply indebted for helpful assistance in all phases of the problem without which the study would not have reached a successful conclusion, L. A, H. Tmm OF CONTESTS Paga Introduction ..*.......... 1 History ............ 1 Burbank^s work with the wild plum » ... 1 Sisson plvtm ............ 2 Botanical Bascription * . ........ 4 Original desorlption ....»...* 4 Sargent's description. ....*.•. 4 Variety g^lloggii ....... ♦ . 9 Variety ftyegana ...... * -« . 10 Delimitations ............. 11 Variety selection and testing * . * . II Follina^ion studies ......... 11 Rootstook studies ••...••... 11 Botanical relationship and aeearate descriptions. • • . • « • • . 11 Origin of hybrid types . « . ♦ « » . * IS Seed or Timeliness of The Study •s; Development of plum in southern Oregon ... IS Orchard culture in XaUfce County . , . * 13 Distribution • . • . • . Sarly writers* reports ........ 15 Soil preference ...» « . • . 16 Most productive plants . .♦».♦. 16 Factor of location ......... 16 fruit Setting .......... 19 Processes taking place within the flower . * 19 Formation of pollen and embryo sac * ... 19 Dehlscence of the anthers and pollen transfer. 19 Genaination and growth of the pollen tube . 19 Fertilization . ........ 20 Development of the embryo and dndosperm * • 20 Factors affecting fruit set. ♦ . 20 $AB£B OF COSTEHTS (continued) Seview of I4.ter*ture .....*,«•• 24 Early toistory of cross*pollifiation , . , . 24 Sistory of pollination work .••.,, 25 Classification of pluna by Hoideman » * • . 25 Self-storility of Prunus aBeyicana # , » * 26 Jtme arop ♦ . * • . ♦ ♦ * • ♦ * * 26 Self-sterility in the Wile Goose pluai ♦ . • 26 Sterility in Buropean plums .».*.. 26 Sterility in native iUaeriean species , * * 27 Cross*polllnation of the Western wild plucs * 28 Uncertainty of the Beach pluia *♦•*** 29 Factors affecting fruit set • * « * * 50 Relation of insects ..«*..* 50 '^ild plus l^)ri3 ♦*♦•**•#*♦ 51 Goiapatabillty of Western plusi and European plums ♦*....***.♦• 31 Selection and Ideation of Studies ♦****♦ 32 Pollination work at tha Horticulture Farm* Corvallis* Oregon # . ♦ * * . * * « * 52 Thickets selected * . ..*..♦* 55 Methods and Procedure »•••«..«•* 35 ^closing the flower buds * i * . • * * 5S Condition of flower buds * A * * * • * 55 Bsnaaculatiom and Pollination » ♦ ♦ . * » * * 55 Selfing * * * . * * A * .. * . * 35 Tecbnique ........... 35 Amount of pollen and color • « « • * 35 Gondition of flowers » , * ■♦ . 4 • 55 Heaovlng the bags • ♦».♦♦.•• * 55 Crossing .**«•«»..«». * 37 Emasculating • ♦ . « ♦ . « 38 ffeinning ........... 40 Removal of the bags « » * . # 4 « 40 TAB7JB, OF COHTSKfS (contljaaed) Beau Its . * » * . ♦ * . # . • * * . 40 Interpretstion of data ......... 50 SQnaaar^ and Conclusions ♦ * ....... 52 Literature Clttd 53 T A B L a S 1 Pftrcsutege of fruit set in plums selfed at R«£ig Orchard, Lakeview, Oregon . * * ♦ ...... 44 S Percentage of fruit set in plums selfed at John 91ther» Kanch, Paisiej, Oregon * * * *.**»* * 45 3 Percentage of fruit set in pltunst S6lf«4 «t E«id Ritnoh, Sfwsf Pine €r0ek, Oregon .*- ,♦♦**» 46 4 Frait set in plmns croaaed at Withers Ranch, Paisley, Oregon ****•**»♦♦ 47 5 Frait set in pl\?ms crossed at Eugg Ranch, Lateeview, Oregon « * ^ ....... 47 6 Weather report for La&ovie* from 1948 weather readings dwring approximate pollination period * * * . #, 48 fABLS Of imBTRATIOHS 1 A botanical plate of Frttmua subcordata Benth&m •••.»•* 7 2 fypical plant ♦ » * , # , , _ ♦ * #' »_ S S fypical fMitiv« liateitat of Prmtis subeoraata; a a»l»ctioii located on John Withers' Hanch, Paisley^ Oregon ♦.»... * * 17 4 Wild plum distribution * « » . * . 18 5 PTPgajg sobcordata^ fbe Old Mill Plum, dorraarit, showing the twiggy and dense growth of the pluav «**•.••., 34 6 Plum brttsh located on the John Withers* Ranch, Palsley, Oregon* This is the plsnn referred to as Below fhe Old 1111 Are* • « * ZQ 7 A closetip of Prungs subcordata showing the profusion of "bloois typical! of the speciest Rugg Orchard, LakevieWj Oregon • * • * * 39 ® ^^oj>? subcordata, Miners Canyon, Withers* Hanch, Paisley, Opegon, showing a distinctive type of growth. * . * * . 41 9 Ppphtts sybcordata, located In Miners Canycm, J'oltm Withers* Haiich, Paisley, Gpegon, showing Kraft paper bags used in the pollination work ••..*•• * 42 10 P^^n^f subcordata> Rugg Orchard, takevlew, Oregon, showing * coimaerclal planting ••..««*•. 45 THE POLLIKATIOII STATUS OP PmmtFS STJBGOHDATA IHTRODGCTIOK Prunus subcordata Bentham, the Pacific or Western plum, according to Hedrick (9, p*74*78). Is an inhabitant of the region east of the Coast Range from southern Oregon to central California« It is so rarely found on the seacoast as to have escaped the attention of the earliest botanists and remained unknown until the middle of the nineteenth century, when Hartweg, working in the Interior of California, brought the plant to notice. The fruit of this wild plum was prized by the Indians and early settlers of southeastern Oregon and northern California, and this esteeia has continued even to the present day. Most of the people of Lake and Klamath counties, and other areas where this plum grows wild, have their favorite plum thicket which they visit each fall* Considerable attention was given to this plum species by the California hybridist, Luther Burbank. He made crosses of this plum with other species of cultivated plums and produced what he considered some of his most outstanding plum hybrids. Records of these crosses are vague and there is no way of knowing which of his hybrids include Prunus subcordata as one of Its parents, A California bulletin (12, p.19-50) on Burbank*s work, lists 2 three plums that had Prunus subcordata in their ancestry* These were 1. Nixie, described as a seedling of Prunua subcordata, fruit nearly globular, one and one-half inches in diameter, most brilliant scarlet and flesh of deep golden yellow which is firm, sweet and freestone; 2* Glow, which has a very complicated heredity of several species including Prunus subcordatat S# Early Crimson containing the wild plum and European and Japanese mixtures* Occasional orchards of the California type of Prunus subcordata were planted in the vicinity of Mt. Shasta at an early date and some are reported to be still in ex- istence. One California type was known as the Siason plum, and produced a yellow fruit as compared with the more common red types* The Sisson plum was so named for the man who selected and grew It as a cultivated plum near Shasta* Most of the attention given to this plum in Oregon has come from settlers and ranchers in southern Oregon who early appreciated the value of the plum. Articles in the Biennial Reports of the Board of Horticulture of 1893 mention that seeds of this wild plum were brought to the Willamette Valley in 1848 and planted, but no record was made of their success* The increasing interest on the part of people in eastern Oregon for fruits adapted to their rigorous 3 climate and the interest in planting cultivated orchards, of this plum for commercial purposes has focused th.e attention of horticulturallsts on some of the problems In this connection* One of the research problems in connection with.the improvement and development of this fruit commercially is the pollination requiretnents being presented in this paper* It is important that this information be available at this time for use by those making commercial plantings. Not only does pollination affect the layout of the orchard but may well determine the success or failure of the venture. BOTANICAL DESCRimON Before undertaking a study of any plant it is well to become acquainted with Its fornis and characteristics. After careful search, several good botanical descriptions were found of Prunus subcordata. The original description was written In Latin by George Bentham in Plantae Hartweglanea, December 1848, It is from this original description that most others have been taken. Perhaps the best and most accurate description is that given by Charles Sprague Sargent In Silva of Korth America (16, p,Sl-35). It is as follows: "Calyx-lobes pubescent or puberlous. Stone flat» tened or turgid, pointed, at the two ends* Leaves broadly ovate to orbicular.,, BA small tree, twenty to twenty-five feet in height, with a trunk sometimes a foot in diameter, dividing, six or eight feet from the ground. Into almost horizontal branchesj or often a shrub, with stout ascending stems ten or twelve feet tall, or a low scraggy much branched bush. The bark of the trunk is a quarter of an inch thick, gray-brown, deeply fissured, and divided Into long thick plates, their surface broken into minute persistent scales. The young branchlets are glabrous or pubescent, and are covered with bright red bark marked by occassional 5 minute pale lenticels, and in
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Plum Crazy: Rediscovering Our Lost Prunus Resources W.R
    Plum Crazy: Rediscovering Our Lost Prunus Resources W.R. Okie1 U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, 21 Dunbar Road, Byron, GA 31008 Recent utilization of genetic resources of peach [Prunus persica (‘Quetta’ from India, ‘John Rivers’ from England, and ‘Lippiatts’ (L.) Batsch] and Japanese plum (P. salicina Lindl. and hybrids) has from New Zealand) were critical to the development of modern been limited in the United States compared with that of many crops. nectarines in California (Taylor, 1959). However, most fresh-market Difficulties in collection, importation, and quarantine throughput have peach breeding programs in the United States have used germplasm limited the germplasm available. Prunus is more difficult to preserve developed in the United States for cultivar development (Okie, 1998). because more space is needed than for small fruit crops, and the shorter Only in New Jersey was there extensive hybridization with imported life of trees relative to other tree crops because of disease and insect clones, and most of these hybrids have not resulted in named cultivars problems. Lack of suitable rootstocks has also reduced tree life. The (Blake and Edgerton, 1946). trend toward fewer breeding programs, most of which emphasize In recent years, interest in collecting and utilizing novel germplasm “short-term” (long-term compared to most crops) commercial cultivar has increased. For example, non-melting clingstone peaches from development to meet immediate industry needs, has also contributed Mexico and Brazil have been used in the joint USDA–Univ. of to reduced use of exotic material. Georgia–Univ. of Florida breeding program for the development of Probably all modern commercial peaches grown in the United early ripening, non-melting, fresh-market peaches for low-chill areas States are related to ‘Chinese Cling’, a peach imported from China (Beckman and Sherman, 1996).
    [Show full text]
  • The Pubescent-Fruited Species of Prunus of the Southwestern States
    THE PUBESCENT-FRUITED SPECIES OF PRUNUS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN STATES By SIMS C. MASON, Arboriculturist, Crop Physiology and Breeding Investigations, Bureau of Plant Industry INTRODUCTION The species of the genus Prunus described in this article occupy a unique position in the flora of the western United States from the fact that their relationship with the wild plums of the country is remote and they are more closely allied to some of the Asiatic species of this genus. Their economic importance arises chiefly from their close adaptation to the climatic and soil conditions of the Southwest, where fluctuations of heat and cold, severe drought, and considerable alkalinity of the soil must be endured by most tree crops. Adaptable stocks for the cultivated forms of Prunus capable of meeting such conditions are eagerly sought. Species with such characters which are capable of being hybridized with the old-established cultivated forms of the genus offer attractive possibilities to the plant breeder. This is especially true of the one edible-fruited form, Prunus texana, which affords in aroma and flavor of fruit most attractive characters for combi- nation with other stone fruits of larger size and more staple commercial character. Instead of forming a homogeneous group, as has usually been be- lieved, these species fall into small groups of quite diverse character and affinities. To the plant breeder and student of their economic possibilities these relationships are of such importance that the following detailed study of them is deemed essential
    [Show full text]
  • Taming the Wild Beach Plum
    Taming the Wild Beach Plum Richard H. Uva Beach plum is a conspicuous shrub of coastal plant communities in the north- eastern United States because of its prolific bloom, prized fruit, and perseverance in a seemingly hostile environment. Several attempts have been made to bring this wild fruit into cultivation. ’ve known the beach plum (Prunus maritima Marsh.) I since childhood on Cape Cod, where it was the only woody plant in the sea of dune grass that sepa- rated the ocean from the rest of the world. Michael Dirr writes in his Manual of Cultivated Plants that “This species abounds on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and is one of the Cape Codder’s cher- ALL PHOTOGRAPHS ARE BY THE AUTHOR ished plants.” In fact, I would say that Cape Codders feel a sense of entitlement to the species and its fruit. The beach plum is much appreciated for its profuse white bloom in spring, but it is in late summer, when people gather the fruit from the wild for jelly and other preserves, that its impor- The fruits of Prunus maritima are small plums—one-half to an inch (1.5 to tance to the local culture becomes 2.5 cm) in diameter—that ripen from late August through September. most apparent. The long-time gatherers have secret spots and favorite bushes, breviligulata), beach pea (Lathyrus maritimus), and strangers carrying pails in the dunes are and seaside goldenrod (Solidago sempervirens). viewed with suspicion. In a good crop year the When I learned that William Clark of the Cape race to harvest is so competitive that the fruit Cod Cooperative Extension and a small group of is sometimes picked when barely ripe.
    [Show full text]
  • We Hope You Find This Field Guide a Useful Tool in Identifying Native Shrubs in Southwestern Oregon
    We hope you find this field guide a useful tool in identifying native shrubs in southwestern Oregon. 2 This guide was conceived by the “Shrub Club:” Jan Walker, Jack Walker, Kathie Miller, Howard Wagner and Don Billings, Josephine County Small Woodlands Association, Max Bennett, OSU Extension Service, and Brad Carlson, Middle Rogue Watershed Council. Photos: Text: Jan Walker Max Bennett Max Bennett Jan Walker Financial support for this guide was contributed by: • Josephine County Small • Silver Springs Nursery Woodlands Association • Illinois Valley Soil & Water • Middle Rogue Watershed Council Conservation District • Althouse Nursery • OSU Extension Service • Plant Oregon • Forest Farm Nursery Acknowledgements Helpful technical reviews were provided by Chris Pearce and Molly Sullivan, The Nature Conservancy; Bev Moore, Middle Rogue Watershed Council; Kristi Mergenthaler and Rachel Showalter, Bureau of Land Management. The format of the guide was inspired by the OSU Extension Service publication Trees to Know in Oregon by E.C. Jensen and C.R. Ross. Illustrations of plant parts on pages 6-7 are from Trees to Know in Oregon (used by permission). All errors and omissions are the responsibility of the authors. Book formatted & designed by: Flying Toad Graphics, Grants Pass, Oregon, 2007 3 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................ 4 Plant parts ................................................................................... 6 How to use the dichotomous keys ...........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Introgression of Prunus Species in Plum
    Introgression of Prunus Plums have great potential as a species in Plum commercial crop in regions outside of W. R. Okie California. The wide United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research range of native plum Service, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, species provides an 21 Dunbar Road, Byron, GA untapped source of genetic material. Results from hybridizations are “ ntrogression” is a big word meaning Origin introduction of the genes of one very unpredictable. This Ispecies into the gene pool of another. The ancestors of what we call paper describes some of This transfer can be a one-time thing, or Japanese plums actually originated in Figure 18. Apple mosaic virus is common on the Fuji variety. Figure 19. Bridge grafting is used to overcome if one parent is much better than the other, China. The term “Japanese plum” this intriguing girdling caused by Valsa mali cankers. it may involve repeated backcrossing of originally was applied to Prunus salicina germplasm maintained an interspecific hybrid with one of its imported from Japan in the late 19th parents (generally the one with better century, but now includes all the fresh at Byron, GA., and In Shandong province, we noted We were surprised to see so few some differences of opinion, and many fruit). Within Prunus, plums have had the market plums developed by intercrossing summarizes our efforts that tree trunks and scaffold limbs were pests in the orchards that we visited. It “what if” questions. However, none of most extensive mixing and matching of various diploid species with the original severely affected by Botryosphaeria appears that pest control technology in us would deny that China and Chinese species.
    [Show full text]
  • Nr 222 Native Tree, Shrub, & Herbaceous Plant
    NR 222 NATIVE TREE, SHRUB, & HERBACEOUS PLANT IDENTIFICATION BY RONALD L. ALVES FALL 2014 NR 222 by Ronald L. Alves Note to Students NOTE TO STUDENTS: THIS DOCUMENT IS INCOMPLETE WITH OMISSIONS, ERRORS, AND OTHER ITEMS OF INCOMPETANCY. AS YOU MAKE USE OF IT NOTE THESE TRANSGRESSIONS SO THAT THEY MAY BE CORRECTED AND YOU WILL RECEIVE A CLEAN COPY BY THE END OF TIME OR THE SEMESTER, WHICHEVER COMES FIRST!! THANKING YOU FOR ANY ASSISTANCE THAT YOU MAY GIVE, RON ALVES. Introduction This manual was initially created by Harold Whaley an MJC Agriculture and Natural Resources instruction from 1964 – 1992. The manual was designed as a resource for a native tree and shrub identification course, Natural Resources 222 that was one of the required courses for all forestry and natural resource majors at the college. The course and the supporting manual were aimed almost exclusively for forestry and related majors. In addition to NR 222 being taught by professor Whaley, it has also been taught by Homer Bowen (MJC 19xx -), Marlies Boyd (MJC 199X – present), Richard Nimphius (MJC 1980 – 2006) and currently Ron Alves (MJC 1974 – 2004). Each instructor put their own particular emphasis and style on the course but it was always oriented toward forestry students until 2006. The lack of forestry majors as a result of the Agriculture Department not having a full time forestry instructor to recruit students and articulate with industry has resulted in a transformation of the NR 222 course. The clientele not only includes forestry major, but also landscape designers, environmental horticulture majors, nursery people, environmental science majors, and people interested in transforming their home and business landscapes to a more natural venue.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Crop Wild Relatives of the United States Related to Food Crops Crop Taxon Comments Sugar Maple Acer Saccharum Subsp
    1/12/2015 Native Crop Wild Relatives of the United States Related to Food Crops Crop Taxon Comments Sugar Maple Acer saccharum subsp. floridanum (Chapm.) Desmarais Sugar Maple Acer saccharum subsp. leucoderme (Small) Desmarais Sugar Maple Acer saccharum subsp. nigrum (F. Michx.) Desmarais Sugar Maple Acer saccharum subsp. ozarkense A. E. Murray Sugar Maple Acer saccharum subsp. saccharum Onion Allium schoenoprasum subsp. schoenoprasum Onion Allium tricoccum Aiton Amaranth Amaranthus ×tucsonensis Henrickson Amaranth Amaranthus acanthochiton J. D. Sauer Amaranth Amaranthus arenicola I. M. Johnst. Amaranth Amaranthus australis (A. Gray) J. D. Sauer Amaranth Amaranthus brownii Christoph. & Caum Amaranth Amaranthus californicus (Moq.) S. Watson Amaranth Amaranthus cannabinus (L.) J. D. Sauer Amaranth Amaranthus crassipes Schltdl. Amaranth Amaranthus fimbriatus (Torr.) Benth. ex S. Watson Amaranth Amaranthus floridanus (S. Watson) J. D. Sauer Amaranth Amaranthus greggii S. Watson Amaranth Amaranthus polygonoides L. Amaranth Amaranthus powellii subsp. powellii Amaranth Amaranthus pumilus Raf. Amaranth Amaranthus tamaulipensis Henrickson Amaranth Amaranthus torreyi (A. Gray) Benth. ex S. Watson Amaranth Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J. D. Sauer Amaranth Amaranthus watsonii Standl. Amaranth Amaranthus wrightii S. Watson Potato bean Apios americana Medik. Potato bean Apios priceana B. L. Rob. Pawpaw Asimina ×nashii Kral Pawpaw Asimina incana (W. Bartram) Exell Pawpaw Asimina longifolia Kral Pawpaw Asimina obovata (Willd.) Nash Pawpaw Asimina parviflora (Michx.) Dunal Pawpaw Asimina pygmaea (W. Bartram) Dunal Pawpaw Asimina reticulata Shuttlew. ex Chapm. Pawpaw Asimina tetramera Small Pawpaw Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal Pepper Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser & Pickersgill Pecan/Hickory Carya ×brownii Sarg. Pecan/Hickory Carya ×lecontei Little Pecan/Hickory Carya ×ludoviciana (Ashe) Little Page | 1 1/12/2015 Crop Taxon Comments Pecan/Hickory Carya aquatica (F.
    [Show full text]
  • California Department of Food and Agriculture 305.1 Plant Quarantine Manual 04-15-98
    CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 305.1 PLANT QUARANTINE MANUAL 04-15-98 3256. CHERRY FRUIT FLY State Exterior Quarantine A quarantine is established against the following pests, their 3. The master permit shall only be valid for shipments hosts and possible carriers: of cherry fruit meeting the following requirements: A. Pests. Cherry fruit flies (Rhagoletis indifferens and a. Cherry fruit shipped to California must be Rhagoletis fausta). grown in orchards located in the approved pest control districts. B. Area Under Quarantine. b. All cherry fruit shall be sampled and inspected 1. Infested Area: for cherry fruit fly at origin as outlined in the Idaho. The entire state. master permit. Colorado. The entire state, except for c. The identity of each container of sampled Delta and Mesa Counties. cherry fruit shall be maintained by marking Montana. The entire state. each container with the identification number of New Mexico. The entire state. the approved shipper. Oregon. The entire state. Utah. The entire state. d. Trucks transporting cherry fruit from approved Washington. The entire state. shippers to California shall be sealed by an agricultural representative of the state of origin. 2. Noninfested Area: These seals will be applied before the truck Colorado. Delta and Mesa Counties. leaves the premises of the approved shipper. The seals will not be broken except in the C. Articles and Commodities Covered. Cherry fruits of all presence of a state plant quarantine officer domesticated and wild cherries are declared to be hosts after the truck arrives in California. and possible carriers of the pest quarantined against.
    [Show full text]
  • Woody Plants at Jasper Ridge, by Toni Corelli
    Woody Plants at Jasper Ridge, by Toni Corelli An overview of the Jasper Ridge (JR) vegetation communities map (2012) shows a majority of the landscape dominated by woody plant communities including chaparral (Birch leaf mountain mahogany, California sagebrush scrub, Chamise chaparral, Coyote brush scrub, Leather oak chaparral, Poison oak scrub), and woodland (Blue oak woodland, California bucheye groves, Coast live oak woodland, Douglas fir forest, redwood forest, Riparian scrub and forest, Shining willow groves, Valley oak). Our non-woodland communities take up less space on the vegetation map and include the California annual and perennial grassland, and Cattail marsh. The herbaceous plant life forms include annuals, biennials, and herbaceous perennials (non- woody). JR woody plant life forms can be grouped into trees, shrubs, subshrubs, woody vines: • trees have one erect trunk and have a height of 4 meters (~13 feet) or more • shrubs are multistemmed at the base and are mostly shorter than 4 meters • subshrubs are shrub-like, the lower stems are somewhat woody, the upper stems and twigs are less woody; the plant may die back seasonally (e.g. blue witch, golden-yarrow, sticky monkeyflower) • vines are trailing or climbing woody plants (e.g. Clematis spp. and hairy honeysuckle) The total number of vouchered plants classified as woody plants at JR is 126. This represents 16% of the 787 vouchered plants that are listed in the JR vascular plant list. However, the number of vouchered herbaceous plant species, 661, or 84% far outnumbers the woody plant species at JR. As shown in the table the percentages for the Santa Cruz Mts.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of Vegetation Communities and Common Plants of the Sampson Creek Preserve (Jackson County, Oregon)
    An Overview of Vegetation Communities and Common Plants of the Sampson Creek Preserve (Jackson County, Oregon) for the Selberg Institute LLC 1000 Benson Way #101, Ashland, OR 97520 by Evan Frost, M.Sc Wildwood Consulting April 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................2 THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT............................................................................................3 Location............................................................................................................................3 Landscape Context...........................................................................................................4 Topography.......................................................................................................................5 Climate and Weather........................................................................................................5 Geology and Soils.............................................................................................................6 Vegetation Patterns and Land Use....................................................................................7 GRASSLANDS AND MEADOWS............................................................................................9 Non-Native / Annual Grasslands......................................................................................9 Native / Perennial Grasslands.........................................................................................11
    [Show full text]
  • Walker Ridge and Bear Valley Area, Lake and Colusa Counties
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Walker Ridge and Bear Valley Area, Lake and Colusa Counties James P. Smith Jr. Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr., "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Walker Ridge and Bear Valley Area, Lake and Colusa Counties" (2018). Botanical Studies. 76. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/76 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE WALKER RIDGE - BEAR VALLEY AREA (LAKE AND COLUSA COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA) Compiled by James P. Smith, Jr. & John O. Sawyer, Jr. Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University Tenth Edition: 01 July 2018 Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. pomeridianum • soaproot F E R N S Dichelostemma multiflorum • wild-hyacinth Dichelostemma volubile • snake-lily, twining brodiaea Dipterostemon capitatum ssp. capitatum • blue dicks Aspidotis densa • Indian's dream Hastingsia alba • white-flowered schoenolirion Equisetum arvense • field horsetail Triteleia hyacinthina • white brodiaea Equisetum laevigatum • smooth scouring-rush Triteleia laxa • Ithuriel's spear Pellaea andromedifolia var. pubescens • coffee fern Triteleia peduncularis • long-rayed triteleia Pellaea mucronata var.
    [Show full text]
  • TAXONOMY Family Names Scientific Names
    Plant Propagation Protocol for Prunus subcordata ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production Photo courtesy of http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php TAXONOMY Family Names Family Scientific Rosaceae (1) Name Family Common Rose Family (1) Name Scientific Names Genus Prunus (1) Species subcordata (1) Species Authority Benth (1) Variety Prunus subcordata Benth. var. kelloggii, Prunus subcordata Benth. var. oregana, Prunus subcordata Benth. var. rubicunda , Prunus subcordata Benth. var. subcordata (1) Sub-species Cultivar Authority for Lemmon, (Greene) W. Wight ex M. Peck, Jeps (1) Variety/Sub- species Common Prunus subcordata var. subcordata (4) Synonym(s) including variety or subspecies information) Common Name(s) Klamath plum (1) Sierra plum (4) Oregon Plum (7) Species Code (as PRSU2 (1) per USDA Plants database): GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range See U.S. county distributions (when available) by clicking on the map or the linked states below: USA (CA, OR, WA) (1) Ecological Yellow Pine Forests (4) distribution (ecosystems it occurs in, etc): Climate and 0-6000 feet (4) elevation range Local habitat and Grows near stream banks to dry hillsides and open pine woodlands (2) abundance; may include Commonly associated with Hawthorne (6) commonly associated species Plant strategy type Can survive in coarse, textured soils. Shade intolerant species with a pH / successional minimum of 6.5 and maximum of 7.5 (1) stage (stress- tolerator, Survives in well-drained loamy soil, growing well on limestone (5) competitor, weedy/colonizer, seral, late successional) Plant Tree/Shrub (1) characteristics (life form (shrub, grass, forb), Deciduous with grayish-purple bark. Leaves are ovate to obovate, serrate. longevity, key The inflorescence is an umbel with 1-4 flowers.
    [Show full text]