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United States of America V. Erhard Milch
War Crimes Trials Special List No. 38 Records of Case II United States of America v. Erhard Milch National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, Washington, D.C. 1975 Special List No. 38 Nuernberg War Crimes Trials Records of Case II United States of America v. Erhard Milch Compiled by John Mendelsohn National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1975 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data United States. National Archives and Records Service. Nuernberg war crimes trial records. (Special list - National Archives and Records Service; no. 38) Includes index. l. War crime trials--N emberg--Milch case,l946-l947. I. Mendelsohn, John, l928- II. Title. III. Series: United States. National Archives and Records Service. Special list; no.38. Law 34l.6'9 75-6l9033 Foreword The General Services Administration, through the National Archives and Records Service, is· responsible for administering the permanently valuable noncurrent records of the Federal Government. These archival holdings, now amounting to more than I million cubic feet, date from the <;lays of the First Continental Congress and consist of the basic records of the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of our Government. The presidential libraries of Herbert Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson contain the papers of those Presidents and of many of their - associates in office. These research resources document significant events in our Nation's history , but most of them are preserved because of their continuing practical use in the ordinary processes of government, for the protection of private rights, and for the research use of scholars and students. -
Hitlers Hofstaat Der Innere Kreis Im Dritten Reich Und Danach
Unverkäufliche Leseprobe Heike B. Görtemaker Hitlers Hofstaat Der innere Kreis im Dritten Reich und danach 2019 528 S., mit 62 Abbildungen ISBN 978-3-406-73527-1 Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier: https://www.chbeck.de/26572343 © Verlag C.H.Beck oHG, München Heike B. Görtemaker Hitlers Hofstaat Der innere Kreis im Dritten Reich und danach C.H.Beck Mit 62 Abbildungen © Verlag C.H.Beck oHG, München 2019 Umschlaggestaltung: Kunst oder Reklame, München Umschlagabbildung: Berghof 1935, Hitler und seine Entourage beobachten Kunstfl ieger © Paul Popper / Getty Images Satz: Janß GmbH, Pfungstadt Druck und Bindung: CPI – Ebner & Spiegel, Ulm Gedruckt auf säurefreiem, alterungsbeständigem Papier (hergestellt aus chlorfrei gebleichtem Zellstoff ) Printed in Germany ISBN 978 3 406 73527 1 www.chbeck.de Inhalt Inhalt Einleitung 9 Erster Teil Hitlers Kreis 1. Untergang und Flucht 18 Im Bunker der Reichskanzlei 18 – Absetzbewegungen und Verrat 22 – Zufl uchtsort Berghof 26 – Ende in Berlin 32 2. Die Formierung des Kreises 36 Die Münchner Clique 37 – Ernst Röhm 42 – Hermann Esser und Dietrich Eckart 44 – Alfred Rosenberg 49 – Leibwächter 50 – «Kampfzeit» 53 – Hermann Göring und Wilhelm Brückner 56 – Vorbild Mussolini 59 – Ernst Hanfstaengl 63 – Heinrich Hoff mann 64 – «Stoßtrupp Hitler» 67 – Bayreuth 71 – Putsch 75 – Landsberg 79 – Neuorientierung 83 – Wiedergründung der NSDAP 88 – Joseph Goebbels 93 3. Machtübernahme 97 Aufstieg 98 – Unsicherheit und Beklemmungen 100 – Geli Raubal: Romanze mit dem Onkel 102 – Rekrutierung bewährter Kräfte 108 – Otto Dietrich 112 – Magda Goeb- bels 115 – Das Superwahljahr 1932 122 – Ernüchterung nach der «Machtergreifung» 128 – Blutsommer 1934 133 – Lüdecke auf der Flucht 137 – Hinrichtungen 142 – Recht- fertigungsversuche 148 Zweiter Teil Die Berghof-Gesellschaft 1. -
Eight Years with Hitler
Nicolaus von Below. At Hitler's Side: The Memoirs of Hitler's Luftwaffe Adjutant 1937-1945. London: Greenhill Books/Lionel Leventhal, 2004. 256 pp. $19.95, paper, ISBN 978-1-85367-600-0. Reviewed by Howard D. Grier Published on H-German (May, 2005) The memoirs of a young Luftwaffe officer and this translation of his memoirs is therefore who spent practically every day for eight years in welcome. Hitler's presence are naturally of great interest. Below's reliability is the main concern. Al‐ The work under review is an abridged translation though much of his account rings true, some sec‐ of Nicolaus von Below's Als Hitlers Adjutant tions clearly are fabrication. The most glaring ex‐ 1937-45, published in 1980. For reasons never ample is his assertion that Hitler hoped to avoid stated, this English version is only about half the war with Poland. Below maintains that Hitler length of the original German edition. Most of the wanted to meet with Polish diplomats to resolve material omitted comes from the prewar years, the crisis, and he refers to the Fhrer's "heartfelt and therefore a discussion of several important wish to solve the Polish question without blood‐ topics contained in the German edition (the An‐ shed" (p. 30). According to Below, British treach‐ schlu, the occupation of Czechoslovakia, and the ery was responsible for the war with Poland. To Spanish Civil War) is missing. Below states that blame the English for unleashing World War II is his diaries were destroyed during the war, and absurd. Below also dusts off the old argument that that the manuscript is based upon notes he made Hitler ordered the invasion of the Soviet Union to in captivity, from 1946 to 1948. -
In 1945 World War Two Was Coming to an End and to the Misfortune of the Nazi's the Allies Were Winning the Battle
In 1945 World War Two was coming to an end and to the misfortune of the Nazi's the Allies were winning the battle. The Russians were fast invading into Berlin and because of the deteriorating situation of the Nazi's defeat was imminent. Hitler retreated into his private bunker where he faced the difficult choice; admit defeat and surrender to the Russians where he will pay for his crimes, or suicide. There is a conspiracy theory claiming that the authenticity of Hitler’s suicide was a lie and [1] the truth was that he escaped in a ghost convoy to Argentina where he lived out the rest of his life. So the famous story goes that Hitler shot himself and also bit into a cyanide capsule. [4] This story was rejected by the public and the most popular theory that was widely believed on the death of Hitler was his escape to Argentina. This was more well believed because of the lack of evidence against the theory, in fact there was evidence pointing towards it. The witnesses to the account of Hitler being alive after his 'suicide' had a stronger validity compared to a dodgy story given by Rochus Misch. The story goes that Hitler faked his death in the bunker to cover any evidence that he was still alive and with the aid of high ranking officers, he moved around a few european countries first before finally landing in Argentina. Abel Basti is a famous author/historian who wrote the book "Hitler in Argentina" which was based on the theory. -
Remoteviewed.Com 1113-9862
Training targets – remoteviewed.com 1113-9862 Hitlers bunker, April 30 1945 - event Tasking: Move to the optimum position/location and describe the event as it unfolds. Describe the people and the place where the event took place. Training targets – remoteviewed.com Training targets – remoteviewed.com Additional feedback: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitler%27s_bunker The Führerbunker (or "Fuehrerbunker") is a common name for a complex of subterranean rooms in Berlin, Germany where Adolf Hitler committed suicide during World War II. The bunker was the 13th and last of Hitler's Führerhauptquartiere or Fuehrer Headquarters (another was the famous Wolfsschanze). There were actually two bunkers which were connected - the older Vorbunker and the newer Führerbunker. The Führerbunker was located about 17 meters beneath the garden of the Reichskanzlei (Reich Chancellory), approx. 120 meters north of the new Reichskanzlei building, which had the address Vossstrasse 6. The Vorbunker was located beneath the large hall behind the old Reichskanzlei, which was connected to the new Reichskanzlei. The old kanzlei was located along Wilhelmstrasse, and had probably the address Wilhelmstrasse 77. The Führerbunker was located somewhat lower than the Vorbunker and west (or rather west-west-south) of it. The map opposite shows the approximate locations of the two bunkers. The two bunkers were connected via sets of stairs set at right angles (not spiral as some believe). The complex was protected by approximately 3 m of concrete, and about 30, rather small, rooms were distributed over two levels with exits into the main buildings and an emergency exit into the gardens. The complex was built in two distinct phases, one part in 1936 and the other in 1943. -
Comparing Hitler and Stalin: Certain Cultural Considerations
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 6-2014 Comparing Hitler and Stalin: Certain Cultural Considerations Phillip W. Weiss Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/303 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Comparing Hitler and Stalin: Certain Cultural Considerations by Phillip W. Weiss A master’s thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Liberal Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, The City University of New York 2014 ii Copyright © 2014 Phillip W. Weiss All Rights Reserved iii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Liberal Studies in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Master of Arts. (typed name) David M. Gordon __________________________________________________ (required signature) __________________________ __________________________________________________ Date Thesis Advisor (typed name) Matthew K. Gold __________________________________________________ (required signature) __________________________ __________________________________________________ Date Executive Officer THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iv Acknowledgment I want to thank Professor David M. Gordon for agreeing to become my thesis advisor. His guidance and support were major factors in enabling me to achieve the goal of producing an interesting and informative scholarly work. As my mentor and project facilitator, he provided the feedback that kept me on the right track so as to ensure the successful completion of this project. -
Selling Hitler Tells the Story of the Biggest Fraud in Publishing History
CONTENTS About the Book About the Author Also by Robert Harris Title Page Acknowledgements List of illustrations Dramatis Personae Prologue Part One Chapter One Chapter Two Chapter Three Part Two Chapter Four Chapter Five Chapter Six Chapter Seven Chapter Eight Chapter Nine Chapter Ten Part Three Chapter Eleven Chapter Twelve Chapter Thirteen Chapter Fourteen Chapter Fifteen Chapter Sixteen 1 Chapter Seventeen Chapter Eighteen Chapter Nineteen Chapter Twenty Chapter Twenty-One Chapter Twenty-Two Chapter Twenty-Three Chapter Twenty-Four Part Four Chapter Twenty-Five Chapter Twenty-Six Chapter Twenty-Seven Chapter Twenty-Eight Chapter Twenty-Nine Chapter Thirty Epilogue Picture Section Index Copyright 2 About the Book APRIL 1945: From the ruins of Berlin, a Luftwaffe transport plane takes off carrying secret papers belonging to Adolf Hitler. Half an hour later, it crashes in flames . APRIL 1983: In a bank vault in Switzerland, a German magazine offers to sell more than 50 volumes of Hitler’s secret diaries. The asking price is $4 million . Written with the pace and verve of a thriller and hailed on publication as a classic, Selling Hitler tells the story of the biggest fraud in publishing history. 3 About the Author Robert Harris is the author of Fatherland, Enigma, Archangel, Pompeii, Imperium and The Ghost, all of which were international bestsellers. His latest novel, Lustrum, has just been published. His work has been translated into thirty-seven languages. After graduating with a degree in English from Cambridge University, he worked as a reporter for the BBC’s Panorama and Newsnight programmes, before becoming political editor of the Observer and subsequently a columnist on the Sunday Times and the Daily Telegraph. -
Genealogy the Mediation of the Witness to History As a Carrier of Memory
Chapter 2 Genealogy The Mediation of the Witness to History as a Carrier of Memory Aghet – Ein Völkermord In September 2010, the German TV channel NDR broadcast the doc- umentary Aghet – Ein Völkermord (Aghet – A Genocide) by Eric Friedler. The documentary received several awards for its innovative way of bring- ing the history of the Armenian genocide to the small screen. What was it that was considered to be so special about this documentary? Friedler had decided that the most adequate way to represent the genocide was to let witnesses to history speak for themselves. The problem that he was confronted with was of course that there are no living witnesses left of an event that happened such a long time ago. Trying to compensate this shortcoming, he collected written testimonies in German archives. For the documentary, he let well-known German actors such as Martina Gedeck, Hannah Herzsprung, Ulrich Noethen and Gottfried John read them out. At the beginning of the documentary, these actors can be seen entering a grey room and sitting down on a chair surrounded by spots, cameras and a film crew. They are dressed in unobtrusive, black or grey, but modern clothes. The actor’s name is shown, followed by the name of the person to whose account they are lending their voice. As soon as the actors start reciting, the camera zooms in on their face, which is positioned in front of a grey background and left in half-shadow. This camera angle will be the one from which the actors will be presented in the documentary from this moment on. -
USHMM Finding
http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection 01/28/2004 MISCH, Rochus Germany Documentation Project German RG-50.486*0028 In diesem Interview spricht Rochus Misch über sein Leben in Adolf Hitlers Begleitkommando und als Hitlers Telefonist, Kurier und Leibwächter. Er spricht darüber, wie er diesem inneren Kreis beitrat, und welche Tätigkeiten er in seinen verschiedenen Funktionen ausübte. Darüber hinaus erzählt Misch von seiner 9-jährigen Kriegsgefangenschaft in Russland, und spricht kurz über seine Rückkehr nach Berlin und seine derzeitigen Familienverhältnisse. Band 1 [01:] 01:00:15 – [01:] 07:00:20 Die Interviewerin bittet ihn, über seine Kindheit zu sprechen; er heißt Rochus Misch, geboren am 29. Juli 1917; seine Heimatstadt ist Alt-Schalkendorf (Alt-Schalkovitz), nahe Oppeln (Opole); sein Bruder und er sind Waisenkinder; sein Bruder ist in jungen Jahren tödlich verunglückt; die Eltern: Rochus und Victoria; Vater und Großvater sind Bauarbeiter; nach achtjähriger Schulzeit drängt ihn sein Großvater, einen Handwerksberuf zu erlernen; seine Cousine Marie aus Hoyerswerda vermittelt ihm 1932, durch Verbindungen ihres Ehemannes, eine Lehrstelle bei der Firma Schüller und Model; 1935 wird er mit der Anfertigung zweier Gemälde betraut; diese sollen bei den Olympischen Sommerspielen 1936 als Preise vergeben werden; durch diesen Auftrag verdient er beinahe 500 Reichsmark; dies ermöglicht ihm, sich ein 6-monatiges Studium an der Kölner Meisterschule für Bildende Künste zu finanzieren. [01:] 07:00:21 – [01:] 14:07:25 Die Interviewerin fragt ihn nach seinen Erinnerungen an die 1920er- und 1930er-Jahre; ob er Mitglied in einer Jugendorganisation war; sie fragt, ob die Ernennung Hitlers zum Reichskanzler in seiner Stadt jemanden interessiert habe; er sagt, dass er zu jener Zeit sehr alleine war und arbeiten musste; er interessierte sich für seinen Beruf und für Sport; einmal spielte er eine Rolle in einem Theaterstück; 1933 weiß er nichts von Hitler; am 1. -
MUELLER, HEINRICH VOL. 2 0026.Pdf
SENDE,-; - ...Hat..... CLASS .rioN TOP ps!" ,spni CONFIDENT/A L 1 SECRET 1 UNCL!-,SSIFIED — OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP ---- TO NAME AND ADDRESS DATE INITIALS 1 IP/Analysls -;c:‘, . 2 3 4 . 5 ' • ACT ON DIRECT REPLY PREPARE REPLY APPROVAL DISPATCH RECOMMENDATION COMMENT FILE RETURN - CONCURRENCE - - -- INFORMATION - SIGNATURE Remarks: . One copy of this should go into the 201 file of Heinrich Mueller, born 28 April, 1900. k The name s beginning page 5 should be indexed to this file.. , _ Thanks, ---- ' - FOLD HERE TO RETURN TO SENDER FROM: NAME. ADDRESS AND FrE N . DATE f"4cr-72.:•-1,,„-,M-4- , ■ • .z,- , = / .A CI PIR,C0 t , ..• IIMEICEIZIMWIA S CR ET FORM NO. Use previous editi dRir (40) 1-67-67 Z. DECLASSIFIED AND REL CEMTRA_L EASED BY - IIIIELLISENCE AG SOURPES METHODS EXEMPT ENCY IO NAZI WAR CR N3B2B IMES DISCLOSURE ACT DA1E 2000 2006 Sp: e )1 Foreign Discern • DIRECTORATE OF PLANS Counterintelligence Briefs C The Hunt for "Gestapo Mueller' _CSCl/316/03035-7 December 1971 Copy _No 3 74L2 76 n y WARNING This document contains information affecting the national defense of the United States, within the meaning of Title 18, sections 793 and 794, of the US Code, as amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents to or re- ceipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited by law. GROUP 1 Excludod from amok IIIQ ond ossification `J • • I 41. • b!, .., .APAiTi; 4M0441;1041 ,!4411pAte4ssIt.,,,,,,,q,ne" ,4,64.ct9LJImlvflo;%p/00.41fAf,,,, rmz..4w;Y.; t is`4% :4 ObbA1104g$144W 14..*V9, • ET NO REIGN DISSEM CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Directorate of Plans October 1971 COUNTERINTELLIGENCE BRIEF THE HUNT FOR "GESTAPO MUELLER" Counterintelligence Briefs analyse significant espionage and counterespionage cases in the context of other clandestine and political events affecting -- and affected by -- these cases. -
Heldenpolitik: Ritterkreuz, Ideology and the Complexities of Hero Culture Under National Socialism
Heldenpolitik: Ritterkreuz, Ideology and the Complexities of Hero Culture under National Socialism By Colin Gilmour A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2018 Department of History and Classical Studies McGill University Montreal, Quebec ©Colin Gilmour 2018 i Abstract This dissertation explores the political history of Germany’s highest award for military excellence during the Second World War: the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross, or “Ritterkreuz.” Expanding upon a limited foundation of existing scholarly research, its primary focus is to examine the role played by this famous medal as a vessel of “symbolic capital” for the National Socialist regime. Designed not only as a tool to help forge a new archetype for military heroism, it was also to represent the “revolution” that the Party claimed to have produced in German society and politics. Using this function as a framework, the component chapters of this study document different ways in which it informed or affected official usages of the Ritterkreuz and the activities of its recipients – called “Ritterkreuzträger” – during the war years. Through this investigation, the dissertation argues that while achieving an impact on wartime culture that continues to be felt in Germany today, both medal and men proved as much a source of frustration and embarrassment to the regime as they did ideological success. As such, it challenges several existing assumptions regarding the role of orders and decorations created by National Socialism while highlighting an underrecognized layer of complexity in its “Heldenpolitik” (Hero Politics). ii Résumé Cette thèse explore l'histoire politique de la plus haute distinction militaire accordée en Allemagne durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale : la croix de chevalier de la croix de fer, la « Ritterkreuz ». -
Rigg Bm.Pdf (651.5Kb)
notes note on sources Although oral testimonies are subject to fallible human memories, they have none- theless proven invaluable in explaining several documents collected for this study. Documents never before seen by historians, found in people’s closets, basements, and desk drawers, created a much fuller and complex history, especially when their owners supplied the background and history of the documents as well. These sources helped re-create the unique and tragic history of the Mischlinge, which is still so little understood over half a century later. The thousands of pages of documents and oral testimonies (on 8 mm video and VHS video) in this study are now part of the permanent collection at the Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv in Freiburg, Germany, as the Bryan Mark Rigg Collection. Although interviews need to be treated with some skepticism, they have repeatedly shown that oral history often enriches rather than contradicts historical documents. All too often, history is written without the human element, that is, without knowing what these people thought, felt, and believed. Oral history helps reconstruct many of these people’s thoughts, feelings, and beliefs through their diaries, letters, interviews, and photographs. In this way, a healthy combination of hard documents or primary sources and secondary sources and testimonies expands our sense of this history. Often one reads about men and women but feels no human connection with them. The interviews were done to try to bridge this gap and to pro- vide readers with the means to enter these men’s and women’s thoughts and feelings to understand them better and to deepen readers’ knowledge of this history.