Estado, Planejamento, Gestão E Desenvolvimento
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Monetary and Fiscal Policies of Brazil, 1953-1963
MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICIES OF BRAZIL 1953-1963 By JAMES HENDERSON DUKES A DISSEHTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE COUNCIL OF THE UNH'ERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1968 Copyright by James Oaxidarson Dukes 1966 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Aa most of the nacessax*y Information for this dissertation perfoz*oe comes from a foreign country, 1 find that there are several persons or organizations that should be thanked for their assistance. Without the aid x»ecelved, much of the resesu*ch material used would have been neither primary nor current. First, I would like to thank the Library of Congress for the extensive use of their facilities. Also very im- portant were the assistance of the staffs of the Brazilian Qnbassies in v/ashlngton, D. C., and in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, and the use of the library of the International Monetary Fund in Washington, D. C. I am indeed thankful for the assistance given me by Gertrude Heare of the TJhited States Department of Commerce in allowing me to borrow ’’the only available copy" of the 1964*’1966 development plan, which was replete with pertinent statistics and projections. And finally, I must show more than appreciation for the tremendous amount of assistance from my wife in the fora of preliminary and final typing, editing, and en- couragement throughout the whole period, from research to completion of the work. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 PART I. INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE Chapter 1. THE BANKING SYSTEM I 5 2. THE TAX SYSTEM 3 . -
Usam Ni Anaai~
-cI )V Z'j Jt A-,IonIN i 7/- I / LIMIT DISTRIBUTION The distribution of this document is controlled and its contents may not be L 4'~~ ( discussed with unauthorized persons. I, 9 ;, '~'~' P C o0 east eS~tudy ri,4~kvpfFM' iZT EIT usam nianaai~ I, j :1 ~ K;~ NOVEMBER 25, 1963 I XzcQL-v 14 ~ RIO DE JANEIRO - RECIFE Ask C' '-V 'i. t j _ q n p ' F - 3 p CI A L gORTREAST STUDy a 5)3. - - I'- November 25, 1963 -4 Rio de Janeiro Re oife Reoaie Group' 3 &,/6/ Downgrade 1 2 4 at -Year intervals; not automatically declassiiea LIMITED OFFICIAL USE November 25, .1963 INTRODUCTORY MEMORANDUM Subject: Special Northeast Study. This is ai2 advance "dqvaft" copy of the Special Northeast Study just completed by USAID/Brazil. It does not represent an officially cleared document and final approved copies will be distributed later. In the meantime, however, it has been decided to make a limited distribution of the study in its present form in order to facilitate comments and suggestions and to serve as valuable background information for current .discussions of important USAID/Brazil program matters. The decision to undertake this study was made some months ago. It was clear that an over-all review was desirable and would assist the Mission greatly in the preparation of its FY 1965 Country Assistance Program proposals for Brazil. Such a-study would also serve as important background in helping to prepare various elements of the U.S. Government for the joint review early in 1964 called for by the Northeast Agreement. -
CHANGES in AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION in Brazil, 1947-65
,CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN' BRAZIL, 1947-65. (Foreign 'Al!.ricultural Economic R~gort.Y. / J,.o.uis F. Herrm.;;mn. Was,hington, DC: Economic Research Service. Jun~ :~972,~" (NAL Call No. A281 .•'9/Ag8Fl 1 .0 :; \\\\\2.8 \\\\\2.5 D~ III~ 3.~.. 111112.2 11111 :~ ~II~ 1II11~-·= \I\\I~ t I!& •.: \\\\\~ IIIII 1.4 11111 \.6 FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC REPORT NO.79 <:hanges In Agricultural Production In Brazi'l, 1947-65 c· ! , i ECON 0 MIe RES EAR CH SE R V ICE • u. S. DE PAR TM E t.~T 0FAG RIC Ul TU R E <p ABSTRACT Brazil increased agricultural output about 4.5 pel'cent a year from 1947 to 1965, mainly by expanding the cultivated area, but it has the potential to double the area cultivated: Agricultural production greW lllorC rapidly thali popu larion in the 1950's and 1960's, but crop yields remained low and traditional practiccs were followed with low levels of fertilization. Human labor is the ()l1h source of power on three-fourths of the farms. Agricultural output increased rapidly enough to mcet rising dcmands for farm products resulting from population and income growth and to permit some exports. Agriculture klS remained the principal economic activity and source of foreign exchat;lge earnings jn Brazil with coffce being the major expOtt. The agricultural labor force r{)se about 2 pcrcent a year, and output per fannworker rose almost as fast. Keywords: Brazil, Economic growth al1d agriculture, '\gricultul'ul productivity, Techno logical progress. \1 CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN BRAZil, 1947-65 'I by Louis F. -
Ideas, Policy Entrepreneurs, And
ENERGY REVOLUTION: IDEAS, POLICY ENTREPRENEURS, AND INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN BRAZIL FOLLOWING THE 1973 OIL CRISIS by Liliana Paola Diaz Barrrera A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland May, 2018 © Liliana Diaz 2018 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT This research focuses on the role of ideas in policymaking. It examines the Brazilian energy policy response to the 1973 oil crisis. Today, Brazil is the 10th largest energy producer in the world with a diversified and clean energy matrix. In the early 1970s, it was an energy poorcountry highly dependent on imported oil supplies to fuel an aggressive industrialization process. How did Brazil manage to transform its energy profile? To answer this question, I argue that it is necessary to study the policymaking process that led to the adoption of energy diversification policies in 1974-75. Structural, exogenous, institutional, and ideational factors affected the policymaking process and thus the resulting policies. Although structural and exogenous factors played important catalyst and enabling roles, I argued that four old Developmentalist ideas, namely, 1) national development through industrialization; 2) energy as a growing point for the economy; 3) self-sufficiency; and 4) technological autonomy recombined by able policy entrepreneurs who acted through centralized institutions and through the creation of new institutions explain the policy course adopted by Brazil in the energy sector. The result was revolutionary or transformational change in the Brazilian energy sector. The research contributes to explaining the role and impact of ideas in effecting institutional change in a less developed and authoritarian setting and in doing so, fills a knowledge gap in the academic literature on Brazil with respect to its energy sector. -
Econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics de Paiva Abreu, Marcelo Working Paper The Brazilian economy, 1928-1980 Texto para discussão, No. 433 Provided in Cooperation with: Departamento de Economia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Suggested Citation: de Paiva Abreu, Marcelo (2000) : The Brazilian economy, 1928-1980, Texto para discussão, No. 433, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Departamento de Economia, Rio de Janeiro This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/175937 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu 1 DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMIA PUC-RIO TEXTO PARA DISCUSSÃO No. 433 The Brazilian Economy, 1928-19801 Marcelo de Paiva Abreu2 NOVEMBRO 2000 1 This is first draft of the chapter on the Brazilian economy 1928-1980 to be included in volume IX of the Cambridge History of Latin America edited by Leslie Bethell. -
RESTRICTED Report No
RESTRICTED Report No. PA-52a Public Disclosure Authorized This report was prepared for use within the Bank and its affiliated organizations. They do not accept responsibility for its accuracy or completeness. The report may not be published nor may it be quoted as representing their views. INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION Public Disclosure Authorized AGRICULTURAL SECTOR SURVEY BRAZIL (in four volumes) VOLUME III Public Disclosure Authorized ANNEXES 11 THROUGH 18, AND STATISTICAL ANNEX August 19, 1970 Public Disclosure Authorized Agriculture Projects Department TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. VOLUNT I (MAIN REPORT) PREFACE .................. ............................ SIt-!ARY ............................................... iv I. THE RECENT PERFORMANCE AND OUTLOOK ............... 1 Output and Exports ................................... 1 Sources of Growth ................. 5 The Resource Base ................................ 7 Forestry and Fisheries ..... ...................... 9 The Northeast ....... ............................. 10 II. PRICE AND COST FACTORS ............. .. ............ 12 Land ............ 12 The Price of Farm Finance .................... .... 14 Taxes ............................................ 15 Product Pricing and Marketing .................. .. 17 Input Prices and Distribution ................ ... 19 III. PUBLIC EXPENDITURES .............................. 21 Grain Storage .... 21 Land and Water Development ..... .................. 21 Research ........................................ -
A New Economy for a New Era: Elements for Building a More Efficient and Resilient Economy in Brazil Coordination
A NEW ECONOMY FOR A NEW ERA: ELEMENTS FOR BUILDING A MORE EFFICIENT AND RESILIENT ECONOMY IN BRAZIL COORDINATION PARTNERS FINANCIAL SUPPORT NEW ECONOMY FOR BRAZIL This study pinpoints policies that can help reduce poverty and inequality, contribute to the achievement of economic and sectoral goals, stimulate sustainable economic growth and make Brazil more resilient to future pandemics and other risks, such as climate change and ecosystem destruction. This document is, first of all, a summary of the latest economic data on measures to meet these goals, as Brazil, like many countries, seeks opportunities to boost Authors economic growth, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. In alphabetical order: Ana Cristina Barros, Andrea Bassi, The study was developed in two complementary André F. P. Lucena, André Luiz Andrade, Alexandre Szklo, parts. Initially, a thorough literature review was Berta Pinheiro, Bruno Cunha, Carolina Genin, Fábio da conducted, analyzing the benefits and opportunities of Silva, Gerd Angelkorte, José Feres, Leonardo Garrido, policies in three main sectors: infrastructure, industry Rafael Feltran-Barbieri, Rafael Garaffa, Rogério Studart, and agriculture. Then, based on economic modeling, Roberto Schaeffer, Sebastian Keneally, Viviane Romeiro. new results are identified should measures to support the transition to a low-carbon economy be adopted. In addition, the study presents evidence showing that by Research coordinator mainstreaming sustainability as a cross-cutting policy in Viviane Romeiro the planning and implementation of related investment decisions, Brazil could benefit from trends in the financial markets and widen access to private finance. Reviewers How and when Brazil builds a more efficient, resilient, The authors would like to thank the experts who reviewed fair, and sustainable economy will be a decision taken this study at different stages throughout its development by each facet of the Brazilian society.