The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2): 97-136, December 2005. ©2005 by National Science Museum
Holothurians (Holothuroidea : Echinodermata) of the Eastern Coast of Thailand
A r o m MUCHARIN1* S u m a i t t PUTCHAKARN2 a n d P i c h a i s o n c h a e n g 1
1 Thailand Natural History Museum, National Science Museum, Technopolis, Khlong 5, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thoni 12120 THAILAND
2 Institute of Marine Science, Burapha University, Bang Saen, Chon Buri 20131 THAILAND
ABSTRACT.- Holothurians (Class Holothuroidea, Phylum Echinodermata) of the Eastern Coast of Thailand were intensively studied from the specimens collected from 4 marine habitats namely, coral reef, seagrass bed, sandy and rocky beaches in Chon Buri, Rayong, Chanthaburi and Trat Provinces from 1998 to 2002. In addition, museum specimens from the authors’s collections also examined along with other specimens deposited in several institutions and collections in Thailand. The holothurians found were classified
into 4 Orders, 6 Families, 14 Genera and 34 species. Regarding the observed habitats, it was found that there were 31 species in coral reefs, 3 species in seagrass beds, 9 species in sandy beaches and 1 species in rocky beaches.
K e y w o r d s : Holothurian, Echinodermata, Eastern Coast, Thailand.
Introduction by side along the northern shore of the Gulf of Thailand, namely Chon Buri, Rayong, Chantaburi The holothurian species inhabiting and Trat; also consisting of many island groups, along the Eastern Coast of Thailand have received such as the Lan, the Samae San, the Samet and scant attentions and few surveys have been the Chang islands. Nowadays, this particular area conducted to reveal their actual diversities. has been targeted to be developed into the Starting in 1996 by P. Rodma, whose taxonomic industrial estate; the impacts of which will certainly work had made known 14 holothurian species. Two effect the livings of the native holothurian species years later, S. Putchakam (1998) reported from the in more or less extent. same studied areas 8 holothurian species . And lastly the first author discovered as many as 17 M aterialsand m e t h o d s holothurian species living around the Lan and Phai Islands, Chon Buri Province in 1998. Holothurians were collected from 1998- The Eastern Coast of Thailand 2002 along the Eastern Coast of Thailand (Chon encompasses 4 maritime provinces stretching side Buri, Rayong, Chanthaburi and Trat). We collected from the reef flats, seagrass bed, sandy
* Corresponding author. beaches and rocky beaches for the total of 82 Tel. (662) 577 9999 ext. 1514 stations (Table 1) by hand-picking at low tide, by snorkeling and by Scuba diving down to five E -m a il : [email protected] 98 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1 (2), December 2005 meter depth. In addition, We studies specimens For spicule examination, thin sections of from the museums or reference collections namely, the dorsal and ventral body wall, tentacle and tube Reference collection of Bang Saen Institute of feet were boiled in 10% NaOH, dissolving the Marine Science : BIMS, Burapha University, Bang tissues and leaving the calcareous spicules intact. Saen, Chon Buri; Kasetsart University Museum These were then washed with distilled water for 3 of Fisheries (Natural History) : KUMF(NH.), times and finally dehydrated in 95% ethanol. The Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, samples were then examined under the microscope Bangkok; Department of Fisheries Museum ; and a photo taken. DoFM, Department of Fisheries, Bangkok; The taxonomic scheme used in this paper Invertebrate Laboratory room of Aquatic Science, follows those of Rowe (1969), Clark and Rowe Burapha University : AQ.SC.BUU., Faculty of (1971), Fell (1982); Cannon and Silver (1986); Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri and Guille, Laboute and Menou (1986); Rowe and Invertebrate laboratory room of Marine Science, Gates ( 1995) and Massin (1996,1999). Chulalongkom University : MS.SC.CU., Faculty The materials are deposited in the of Science, Chulalongkom University, Bangkok. collection of the Bang Saen Institute of Marine The Holothurians are identified mainly Science (BIMS), Burapha University, Bang Saen, on the basis of spicules and morphological Chon Buri, Thailand. Comparison were made with characters and classified by their form and number materials from the Phuket Marine Biological Center of tentacles, distribution of tube feet and papillae, (PMBC), Phuket, Thailand. color, shape, length of bodies, calcareous ring and presence or absence of cuvierian tubules.
Table 1 Stations for collecting Holothurians on the Eastern Coast of Thailand.
Station No. Name Locality
Coral reef 1 Ko Si Chang (W), Chon Buri 13°10'N, 100°48'E 2 Ko Si Chang (E ), Chon Buri 13°08'N, 100°49'E 3 Hin Sompun yaeu, Chon Buri 13°11'N, 100°48'E 4 Ko Ran Dok Mai ( W ), Chon Buri 13°09'N, 100°50'E 5 Ko Khang Khao (N ), Chon Buri 13°07'N, 100°49'E 6 Ko Lan (N - Learn Tonglang), Chon Buri 12°56'N, 100°47'E 7 Ko Lan (SE - Ao Nu-an), Chon Buri 12°54'N, 100°47'E 8 Ko Lan (S), Chon Buri 12°53'N, 100°47'E 9 Ko Lan (SW - Haad Samae), Chon Buri 12°54'N, 100°46'E 10 Ko Sak (N), Chon Buri 12°57N, 100°48'E 11 Ko Khrok (E), Chon Buri 12°56'N, 100°49'E 12 Ko Khrok (W), Chon Buri 12°56'N, 100°49'E 13 Ko Phai (W), Chon Buri 12°56'N, 100°40'E 14 KoPhai (SW), Chon Buri 12°15'N, 100°40'E 15 Ko Lueam (E), Chon Buri 12°57' N, 100°39'E 16 Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri 12°58'N, 100°40'E 17 Ko Klung Badan (E), Chon Buri 12°54'N, 100°41'E 18 Ko Klung Badan (W), Chon Buri 12°54'N, 100°41'E 19 Ko Man Wichai (E), Chon Buri 12°52'N,100°41'E 20 Ko Rin (E), Chon Buri 12°48'N, 100°42'E 21 Leam Samae San. Chon Buri 12°36'N,100°58'E Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea.. 99
Table 1 Continued.
Station No. Name Locality
Coral reef 22 Ko Samae San (N), Chon Buri 12°35'N, 100°57'E 23 Ko Raet (E), Chon Buri 12°35'N, 100°58'E 24 Ko Chang Kluea (NE), Chon Buri 12°33'N, 100°59'E 25 Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri 12°34'N, 100°56'E 26 Ko Mu (E), Chon Buri 12°38'N, 100°54'E 27 Ko I Lao (NE), Chon Buri 12°37'N, 100°53'E 28 Ko Tao Mo (E), Chon Buri 12°38'N,100°53'E 29 Ko Khram (N), Chon Buri 12°43'N, 100°47'E 30 Ko Khram (E), Chon Buri 12°42'N, 100°49'E 31 Ko 1 Ra (E), Chon Buri 12°41'N, 100°50'E 32 Ko Samet (E - Ao Wong Dau-an), Rayong 12°32'N, 101°27'E 33 Ko Samet (E - Ao Pa Chae), Rayong 12°34'N, 101°28'E 34 Ko Samet (E - Ao Luk Yon), Rayong 12°33'N, 101°27'E 35 Ko Samet (W - Ao Phrao), Rayong 12°34'N, 101°26'E 36 Ko Kudi (W), Rayong 12°35'N, 101°30'E 37 Ko Thalu (N), Rayong 12°34'N, 101°34'E 38 Hin Klong Rong (Hin Kunchae), Rayong 12°35'N, 101°34/ E 39 Ko Man Nai (W), Rayong 12°37'N, 101°41'E 40 Ko Man Klang (N), Rayong 12°34'N, 101°42'E 41 Ko Man Nok (N), Rayong 12°34'N, 101°42'E 42 Ko Nom Sao (E), Chanthaburi 12°28'N, 102°02'E 43 Ko Chang (N), Trat 12°09'N, 102°17'E 44 Ko Lim (E), Trat 12°03'N, 102°26'E 45 Ko Prouhg Nok (E), Trat 11°58'N,102°24'E 46 Ko Ngam (N), Trat 11°57'N, 102°27'E 47 Ko Krabung (N), Trat 11°58'N, 102°27'E 48 Ko Mo Nai (W), Trat 11°58, N,102°30, E 49 Ko Moa Nok (E), Trat 11°58'N, 102°31'E 50 Ko Maisi Yai (E), Trat 11°57'N, 102°29'E 51 Ko Maisi Lex (S), Trat 11°57'N, 102°30'E 52 Ko Lao Nai (E), Trat 11°57'N, 102°25'E 53 Ko Chan (E), Trat 11°55'N, 102°28'E 54 Ko Bai Dank (N), Trat 11°54'N, 102°27'E 55 Ko Wai (N), Trat 11°54'N, 102°24'E 56 Ko Wai (SE), Trat 11°53'N, 102°25'E 57 Ko Khlum (N), Trat 11°56'N, 102°22'E 58 Ko Kham (W), Trat 11°50'N, 102°28'E 59 Ko Mak(N), Trat 11°50'N, 102°29'E 60 Ko Rayang Nok (NE), Trat 11°48'N, 102°28'E 61 Ko Kra - Ko Thian (NE), Trat 11°49'N, 102°24'E 62 Ko Yaax (E.), Trat 11 °47' N, 102°24' E 63 Ko Lom (E), Trat 1 l 049'N, 102°27'E 64 Ko Rang (E), Trat 11°48, N,102°24'E 65 Ko Man Nok (E), Trat 12°01'N, 102°17, E 100 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2), December 2005
Table 1 Continued.
Station No. Name Locality
Coral reef 66 Ko Yuak (E), Trat 12°02'N, 102° 16'E 67 Ko Chang Noi, Trat 12°10'N, 102°15'E 68 Ko Mak (S), Trat 11°47'N, 102°30'E 69 Ko Maisi Lex (S), Trat 11°43'N, 102°32/ E 70 Ko Kut (N), Trat 11°45'N, 102°33'E Seagrass bed 71 Ao Makham Pom, Rayong 12°40'N, 102°40'E 72 Ao Thammachart, Ko Pui, Trat 12°12'N, 102°21'E 73 Leam Klong Kluai,Ko Kut, Trat 1 ]°42'N, 102°37'E 74 Ko Kradat (W), Trat 11°52'N, 102°32'E Sandy beach 75 Haad Bang Sare, Chon Buri 12°47'N, 100°54/ E 76 Haad Bang Saen, Chon Buri 13°17'N, 100°55'E 77 Haad Mae Ramphung, Rayong 12°36'N, 101°23'E 78 Haad Leam Chabang, Chon Buri 13°05'N, 100°53'E Rocky beach 79 Leam Tan, Chon Buri 13°18'N, 100°54'E 80 Leam Ya, Rayong 12°35'N, 101°25'E 81 Leam Chao Lao, Chonthaburi 12°31'N, 101°57'E 82 Leam Sok,Trat 12°03'N, 102°33'E
Note : N - North, S - South, E - East, W - West, NE - Northeast, SE - Southeast, SW - Southwest. Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea. 101 Location Location of the studied area along the Eastern Coast of Thailand. The map was modified by Arom Mucharin. Figure Figure 1 102 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1 (2), December 2005
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ÍS s te. es es .g es o es g ) oo en en X > ^ Si S ^ P>s GO S 3 3 p l l I : s - GO X r—I 00 o e í S " 13 JL> MD > t 2 • -SS to O Table 4 Continued. ’S ' D U ”cs 0 0 X GO X X X X X s o (D ta "O oo X X X X X in 3 00 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2), December 2005 December 1(2), Journal Museum History Natural Thailand The x OO JO 3 <*> X NO ta O X X ta O O G S 22 3 U Co \U i i O l S 4) C S,-« « " ’xf 3" -2 ° ° -2 T ON ’T X OO i—' H ta ta TÜ o j ^3 ej "3 2 2 s bo R 2 - y> «o 00 00 0) ís NJ o o o ís. a 8 S >5 h ‘C 2 ta ta X X es a o es 0> s X X OO NO oo ’& NJ K O eu ^ -H OO X X X g oq § I 00 00 NO oo a> O a> h 1 U "O 3 3 es a> 2 - X a t U Í • O m oo X — NJ cS o ÍS es s o o * s O es es n s «ta H—O1 2 ^ r—1 OO NO o o X c O 1> a t n O r*\ 53 Family Synaptidae X X Synaptula recta (Semper, 1868) Synaptula sp. Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea. 113 RESULTS Doty, 1977 : 228, figs. 2e, 6c; TanTiu, 1981 : 70, PL. 12, figs. 1-2; Reyes-Leonardo, 1984 : 143-144, PI. 1, fig. 4a-f; Leonardo and Cowan, The collected holothurians were identified 1984, : 14-15; Cannon and Silver, 1986 :20, and classified into 4 orders, 6 families, 15 genera fig. 5a; Chao and Chang, 1989 : 116, figs. 12, and 34 species. The details are as follows.- 29g; Rowe and Gates, 1995:286-287; Massin, 1996 : 8, figs. 2A-B, 3A-B; Conand, 1998 : Order Aspidochirotida Grube, 1840 1167; Lane, eta l, 2000 :488. Family Holothuriidae Lud wig, 1894 Gunus Actinopyga Broon, 1860 Common name : deep-water red fish (Leonardo Actinopyga echinites (Jeager,1833) and Cowan, 1984 : 14) (Fig. 4) Materials.- : 2 specimens. - B1MS-I 288 : Ko Samae San (N), Chonburi, - Mar. 1996; BIMS-1744 : Ko Khlum (N), Trat, 21 Dec. 1999. Habitat : lives in a nook of coral reef or dead corals at 6 meter depth. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Is. A ofW. Indian Ocean, E. Africa & Madagascar, S.E. Arabia, Ceylon area. Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan, South Pacific Is. f f f t 5 ^ g i f l - 3 - B Gunus Bohadschia Jaeger, 1833 hn ij r< S Bohadschia marmorata (Jaeger, 1833) # f r » i l (Fig. 5) m m A m m 300 um . Ç /oe?' f o - Figure 4Actinopyga echinites (Jaeger, 1833). A: calcareous ring; B: body wall rods; C: body wall 10 mm rosettes; D: tube foot perforated plates. The B.C 100 pm figures were drawn by Arom Mucharin. Figure 5Bohadschia marmorata (Jaeger, 1833) Actinopyga echinites : Cherbonnier, 1955(b): 136, A: calcareous ring; B: body wall grains; C: body PI. 25, fig. A-p; Rowe, 1969: 131, fig. 3; Clark wall rosettes. The figures were drawn by Arom and Rowe, 1971 : 176, PI. 27, fig. 1; Rowe and Mucharin. 114 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1 (2), December 2005 Bohadschia marmorata : Cherbonnier, 1955(b) : 132, PI. 12, fig. a-i; Rowe, 1969:129, fig. 2; Sanjindawong, 1973 :26, fig. 16; Cannon and Silver, 1986:21,fig. 5d; Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 176, PI. 27, fig. 8; Rowe and Doty, 1977:229, figs. 3a, 6g-h; TanTiu, 1981 : 69,PI. 11, figs, 1 -2; Reyes-Leonardo, 1984 :145, PI. 1, figs. 3a-h; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 289; Lane, et a i, 2000 : 488; Putchakam, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000:8. Bohadschia marmorata marmorta : Leonardo and Cowan, 1984:21 ; Mucharin, 1998 :24, PI. 9, figs. 3-4. Common name : chalky fish (Leonardo and Cowan, 1984:21) Materials.- : 4 specimens. - BIMS-I 262 : Ko Lueam Noi(E), Chon Buri, 12 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 337 : KoRin (E), Chon Buri, 15 Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 382 : Haad Mae Ramphung, Rayong, 15 May. 1999; BIMS-I 1035 : Ko Khram (N), Chon Buri, 4 Mar. 2001 . Habitat : lives on the sand flat beyond the reef at Figure 6 Bohadschia vitiensis (Semper, 1868)A: 5-10 meter depth. calcareous ring; B: tentacle rod; C: body wall grains; D: body wall rosettes; E: tube feet branched General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. rods; F: papillae rosettes. The figures were drawn Mascarene Is., E. Africa & Madagascar, Red Sea, by Arom Mucharin. Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan, South 1998; BIMS-I 328 : Ko Khrok (E), Chon Buri, 11 Pacific Is. Jun. 1998. Habitat : lives on the reef flat or sandy flat beyond Bohadschia vitiensis (Semper, 1868) the reef at 5-8 meter depth. (fig. 6) General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Bohadschia vitiensis : Clark and Rowe, 1971 : Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North 176; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 289; Conand, Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan, South 1998: 1174; Massin, 1999 :13-15. figs, 8a-k, Pacific Is. 9; Lane, et al., 2000 : 488; Putchakarn, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 : 8. Genus Holothuria Linnaeus, 1767 Bohadschia marmorata vitiensis : Leonardo and Subgenus Halodeima (Pearson, 1914) Cowan, 1984:22; Mucharin, 1998:24-25, PI. Holothuria (Halodeima) atra 10, figs. 1-2. Jaeger, 1833 (Fig. 7) Materials.- : 4 specimens. - BIMS-I 315 : Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 12 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I Holothuria (Halodeima) atra : Rowe, 1969: 137, 316 : Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 24 Jan. 1998; fig. 7; Clark and Rowe, 1971:176, PI. 27, fig. BIMS-I 322 : Ko Khrok (E), Chon Buri, 11 Jun. 11 ; Rowe and Doty, 1977 :230, figs, 3d, 7a; Cherbonnier, 1980 : 631, fig. 8A-N; Tan Tiu, Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea. 115 1981:73-74, PL 15, figs, 1-3, PI. 29, figs. l-2e; BIMS-I 335 : Ko Rin (E), Chon Buri, 15 Jul. 1998; Reyes-Leonardo, 1984 : 45, PI. 2, figs. 1 a-d; BIMS-I 341 : Ko Klung badan (W), Chon Buri, 17 Leonardo and Cowan, 1984 : 24-25; Cannon Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 348 : Ko Lan (S), Chon Brui, 10 and Silver, 1986:22, fig. 6d; Chao and Chang, Nov. 1998; BIMS-I 423 ; Haad Kai Bae, Ko Chang, 1989 : 117, figs. 13, 29H; Rowe and Gates, Trat, 20 Jun. 1999; BIMS-I 757 : Ko Kudi (W), 1995 : 291; Massin, 1996 : 18, fig. 10A-E; Rayong, 15 May. 2000; BIMS-I 1006 ; Ko Kra- Ko Conand, 1998; 1176; Massin, 1999:20-21, Thian (NE), Trat, 20 Jan. 2001 ; BIMS-I 1011 : Ko fig. 13; Lane, etal., 2000 :488; Putchakarn, Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 2 Feb. 2001; BIMS-1 1998:85, PI. 7,figs. 5-6; Mucharin, 1998 :18- 1013 : Ko Kra- Ko Thian (NE), Trat, 26 Feb. 2001 ; 19, PI. 6, figs. 1-2; Putchakarn, Mucharin BIMS-I 1014 ; Ko Kra- Ko Thian (NE), Trat, 26 and Sonchaeng, 2000 : 8. Feb. 2001. Halodeima atra : Cherbonnier, 1955(a) : 77. Cherbonnier, 1955(b) : 141, PI.29, fig.a-b. Habitat : lives on the sandy beach or reef fiat at Holothuria atra : Sriyakom, 1970 : 75, PI. 28, 3-5 meter depth. fig. 1, PI. 40,fig. 3; Sanjindawong, 1973 :26, fig. 9; Waiyanida, 1988 : 11-17,figs. 7-9. General Distribution ; Indo-west Pacific, i.e. Is. Of W. Indian Ocean, E. Africa & Madagascar. Red Sea, S.E. Arabia, Persian Gulf, Maldive area, Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan, South Pacific Is., Hawaiian Is. A Holothuria (Halodeima) edulis Lesson, 1830 (Fig. 8) B C -rf-VrF c Holothuria (Halodeima) edulis : Cherbonnier, 1955(b) : 142, PI. 29, fig. C; Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 176, PI. 27; fig. 14; Rowe and Doty, 1977 ; 231, figs. 2e, 7b; Cherbonnier, 1980 : 5 mm 632-633, fig. 9A-L; Reyes-Leonardo, 1984 : A 100 um 146, PI. 3, figs. la-i; Leonardo and Cowan, 1984 : 26; Cannon and Silver, 1986 :22, fig. 100 jim 6f; Massin, 1996 : 19, fig. 11A-G; Conand, SO um 1998 : 1177; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 291; Massin, 1999:21-22, figs. 14, llOd; Lan e, et al., 2000:488. Figure 7 Holothuria (Halodeima) atra Jaeger, Holothuria edulis : Sriyakorn, 1970 : 75-76, PI. 1833 A: calcareous ring; B-C : body wall tables; D: 28, fig. 2, PI. 40,fig. 4. body wall rosettes. The figures were drawn by Arom Mucharin. Common name : pink fish (Leonardo and Cowan, 1984:26) Common name : Lolly fish (Leonardo and Cowan, Materials.- : 7 specimens. - BIMS-I 275 : Ko 1984:24; Massin, 1999:20) Khram (N), Chon Buri, 1 May. 1998; BIMS-1310 : Ko Rang (E), Trat, 28 Sep. 1994; BIMS-I 370 : Ko Materials.- : 13 specimens. - BIMS-I 257 : Ko Rin Rang (E), Trat, 28 Sep. 1994; BIMS-I 388 : Ko Rang (E), Chon Buri, 18 Jan. 1998; BIMS-I 274 : Ko Kham (E), Trat, 28 Sep. 1994; BIMS-I 1009 : Ko Kra - Ko (N), Chon Buri, 21 Dec. 1996; BIMS-I 304 : Ko Thian (NS), Trat, 20 Jan. 2001 ; BIMS-I 1018 : Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 12 Jun. 1998, BIMS-I Kra - Ko Thian (NS), Trat, 26 Feb. 2001, BIMS-1 330 : Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 17 Apr. 1998; 1023 : Ko Yaax (E), Trat, 27 Feb. 2001. 116 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2), December 2005 Cherbonnier, 1980 : 634-635, fig. 10A-F; Guille, et. al., 1986:90-91; Rowe and Gates, 1995 :298; Massin, 1999 :42-44, figs. 32a-g, 1 lOj; Lane, et. al., 2000 : 489; Putchakarn, 1998:85-86, PI. 7, figs. 7-8; Rodma, 1996:44, PI. 12, figs. 4-5; Mucharin, 1998 : 19-20, PI. 6, figs. 3-4; Putchakarn, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000:8. Halodeima flavomaculata : Cherbonnier, 1955(b) : 77-81, fig. 1 a-m, fig. 2n-g. \ A B C . ______3 m m g ______i 00 pm g ______300jjjn p ______100 um Cli „ ______100 JATO Q ...... jjflg j» f p iop m u 500 jan Figure 8Holothuria (Halodeima) edulis Lesson, 1830 A: calcareous ring ; B : tentacle rod; C: body wall tables; D: body wall bottons; E: tube feet rods; F: tube foot perforated rods; G: tube feet bottons; H: tube foot perforated plates. The 200 jim figures were drawn by Arom Mucharin. K) jim 0 0 jim Habitat : lives on the sand, coral rubble or flat K) jim rock beyond the reef at 3-5 meter depth. F igure 9 Holothuria (Semperothuria) General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. E. flavomaculata Semper, 1868 A: calcareous ring; Africa & Madagascar, Red Sea, S.E. Arabia, Ceylon B : tentacle rod; C: body wall tables; D: body wall area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, massive rods; E: tube feet perforated rods; F : tube Philippine Is., China & Japan, South Pacific Is. feet rods; G: tube feet perforated plates. The figures were drawn by Arom Mucharin. Subgenus Semperothuria Deichmann, 1958 Materials.- : 5 specimens. - BIMS-I 320 : Leam Holothuria (Semperothuria) flavomaculata Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 10 Jun. 1998; BIMS- Semper, 1868 1321 : Leam Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 10 Nov. (Fig. 9) 1998; BIMS-I 365 : Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri, 28 Apr. 1999; BIMS-I 847 : Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri, Holothuria (Semperothuria) flavomaculata : 25 May. 2000; AQ.SC.BUU.(no number) : Ko Kham Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 178, PI. 27, fig. 15; (N), Chon Buri, 25 May. 2000. Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea. 117 Habitat : lives in the nook of corals or dead corals Materials.- : 3 specimens. - BIMS-I 1020 : at 3-4 meter depth. Northeastern of Kra-Tean Island, Trat, 26 Feb. 2001; BIMS-I 1025 : Northeastern of Rayong Nok General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Red Island,Trat,27Feb.2001;BIMS-I 1029: Eastera Sea, East Indies, Philippine Is., South Pacific Is. of Wai Island, Trat, 28 Feb. 2001. Subgenus Stauropora Rowe, 1969 Habitat : lives under the dead corals or flat rock, Holothuria (Stauropora) discrepans at 2-3 meters depth. Semper, 1868 (Fig. 10) General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Maldive area, South Pacific Is. Holothuria (Stauropora) discrepans : Rowe, 1969 : 140, fig. 9; Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 178, PI. Holothuria (Stauropora) fuscocinerea 28, fig. 4; Massin, 1999 :46-48, figs. 36a-k, Jaeger, 1833 37,11 lb; Lane, eta l, 2000:489. (Fig. 11) A X; ¿ V à ¿ 0 7 % r 9 % B 'O i M c W m :S i ? ; m íf e i?- A ■ 10 01 (O d Í © p os 1 b n o 00! M io °) lo.,/D o I ■"fo Oí l o b & (On ■ ■ís° 2 oov 1 G y tifa .OJ '■3~s *." o O O o II E- r- ,o° <=> O • y mm (0 oj efe. i_____ > ! [ /0 ri, F « S ñ 300 um l í ¿ r k 9 \0 0g B r, 100 um 2 inrn i 00 (un r* 50 jato 200 |tm 200 um r 200 um SO um 100 um 200 F - Figure 11Holothuria (Stauropora) fuscocinerea Figure 10 Holothuria (Stauropora) discrepans Jaeger, 1833. A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle rods; Semper, 1868. A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle rods; C: body wall tables; D: body wall buttons; E: C: body wall tables; D: body wall buttons; E: tube ventral body wall perforated rods; F: tube foot foot perforated rods; F : tube foot perforated plates. perforated plates. The figures was drawn by Arom The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Mucharin. Holothuria (Stauropora) fuscocinerea : Rowe and Gates, 1995 :299; Massin, 1999 :48-51, figs. 38a-n, 39,11 le; Lane, et al, 2000:489. 118 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2), December 2005 Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) fuscocinerea : Cherbonnier, 1955(b) : 135-138, fig. 1 a-p, fig. 2q-y; Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 176; Tan Tiu, W 1981:78-79,PI.20,figs. 1-2,PI.21,figs. l-2f; Cherbonnier, 1984(a) : 680-682. fig. 10A-N; Reyes-Leonardo, 1984: 148, PI. 5, figs. 2a-j; A Leonardo and Cowan, 1984: 30; Cannon and Silver, 1986:22-23; Chao and Chang, 1989 : ¡¿CQ] iíító 120, fig. 23, 3 IB; Rodma, 1996: 46, PI. 15, • W c -Dit?' i® figs. 4-5; Mucharin, 1998 : 23, PI. 9. figs. 1-2; IOP) Putchakarn, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 : 8. '."Cl Materials.- : 13 specimens. - BIMS-I 256 : Haad tmA L t 1 £>:rol r x - è Samae, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 24 May, 1998; BIMS-I o0p\ D WW 267 : Ko Man Wichai (E), Chon Buri, 27 Jun. 1991 ; \ 0 c BIMS-I 272 : Ko Phai (W), Chon Buri, 12 Nov. S 1998; BIMS-I 346 : Leam Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon A------2 mm Buri, 10 Nov. 1998;BfMS-1384 : KoManNai(W), 100 um B,F - Rayong. 24 Nov. 1995; BIMS-I 386 : Ko Man Nai 100 um (N), Rayong, 19 Oct. 1998; BIMS-I 759 : Ko Kudi C,D 200 um (W), Rayong, 15 May. 2000; BIMS-I 761 : Ao Wong i F E- Dau-an, Ko Samet, Rayong, 16 May. 2000; BIMS- I 849 : Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri, 25 May. 2000; BIMS-I 870 : Ao Phrao, Ko Samet, Rayong, 23 Figure 12 Holothuria (Metriatyla) martensi Sep. 2000; BIMS-I 878 : Ko Kudi (W), Rayong, 24 Semper, 1868. A: calcareous ring; B: body wall Sep. 2000; BIMS-I 1024 : Ko Yaax (E), Trat, 27 Feb. table; C: body wall buttons; D: papillae table; E: 2001; AQ.SC.BUU.(no number) : Ko Phai (W), tube feet perforated rods; F: papillae rods. The Chon Buri, 12 Nov. 1998. figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Habitat : lives under the dead corals at 2-6 meter Holothuria (Metriatyla) martensi : Cherbonnier, depth. 1955(b) : 159-160, Pi. 42, fig. a-1; Clark and Rowe, 1971:178; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. 23, fig. 2e; Rowe and Gates, 1995:294; Lane, Mascarene Is., E. Africa & Madagascar, Red Sea, etal., 2000:489. Maldive area, Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Holothuria martensi : Sriyakom, 1970:76-77,PI. Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & 28, fig. 3, PI. 41, fig. 1. Japan, South Pacific Is. Materials.- : 3 specimens. - BIMS-I 282 : Haad Bang Saen, Chon Buri, 29 Mar. 1995; BIMS-I 1008 Subgenus Metriatyla Rowe, 1969 : Ko Wai (N), Trat, 20 Jan. 2001 ; AQ.SC.BUU.(no Holothuria (Metriatyla) martensi number) : Ko Wai (N), Trat, 20 Jan. 2001. Semper, 1868 (Fig. 12) Habitat : lives on the sand beyond the reef at 5-10 meter depth. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. E. Africa & Madagascar, S.E. Arabia, Maldive area, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan. Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea. 119 Holothuria (Metriatyla) scabra Jaeger, 1833 Holothuria scabra : Sanjindawong, 1973 :27-28, (Fig. 13) figs. 5-8; Waiyanida, 1988 : 18-24, figs. 10- 12. Common Name : Sandfish (Leonardo and Cowan, 1984: 33; Massin, 1999:30) Materials,- : 3 specimens. - BIMS-I 302 : Leam Chabang, Chon Buri, 21 Nov. 1995; BIMS-I 361 : Haad Ta Wan, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 20 Mar. 1999; KUMF (NH.) (no number) : Haad Pattaya, Chon Buri, 7 Sep. 1969. Habitat : lives on the sand beyond the reef at 6-10 B meter depth. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. jO p \ (Q{ S, Mascarene Is., E. Africa & Madagascar, Red Sea, S.E. Arabia, Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & ê i ( ° ° à Japan, South Pacific Is. IDOl 'oo o| / o o ) 0 0 - i ,:0 ^ ( Holothuria (Metriatyla) ocellata Jaeger, 1833 Ö O u O D Ü o ^ i 0 0 n a o o B O o ° (Fig. 14) U o ) S o o j o S q í ¿O/ Holothuria (Metriatyla) ocellata Jaeger, 1833 : IOP um Cherbonnier, 1984(b) : 687-690, fig. 13A-K; A D — 200 pm 50 pm Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 178, PI. 28, fig. 10; t j _ E— i 00 pm Cannon and Silver, 1986 :23; Rowe and Gates, 1995:294. Holothuria (Theelothuria) ocellata Jaeger, 1833 Figure 13 Holothuria (Metriatyla) scabra : Lane, et al., 2000:489. Jaeger, 1833. A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle rods; C: dorsal body wall buttons; D: ventral body wall Materials.- : 2 specimens. - BIMS-I 284 : Leam tables; E: papillae buttons. The figures was drawn Chabang, Chon Buri, 21 Nov. 1995; BIMS-I 295 : by Arom Mucharin. Ko Sak (N), Chon Buri, 13 Aug. 1995. Holothuria (Metriatyla) scabra : Cherbonnier, Habitat : lives on the sand beyond the reef at 10- 1955(b) : 145-146, PI. 32, fig. a-c; Rowe, 1969 12 meters depth. : 160-161, fig. 20; Clark and Rowe, 1971:178, PI. 28, figs. 15; Cherbonnier, 1980 :647-649, General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Red fig. 16A-L; Tan Tiu, 1981: 83-84, PI. 25, figs. Sea, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, 1-3; Reyes-Leonardo, 1984 : 149, PI. 6, fig. China & Japan. la-g; Leonardo and Cowan, 1984 : 33; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 23, fig. 61; Rowe and Gates, 1995 :294-295; Massin, 1996:25- 27, figs. 16A-F, 17A-D; Conand, 1998:1179; Massin, 1999 : 30-33, figs. 22a-l, 23, 11 Of; Lane, etal., 2000:489; Putchakarn, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 : 8. 120 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2), December 2005 V A O 0 0 f f OÄ-jO b C & B V \V - ó mi f Dr . i %op \ J o o i ilo \ ?lo '1 o y0 ; i m w00 - ¡qcr m B >ogi - Ë q g ' XOpO 0 . . Ä r - . y .¿'•fog öSbO 0 °oo% •, O) ¡Ó | t >9OX E O O ^ 1 - F ^ ïOD)----- fO ? h À » O o c* o u ! VVE_ W W 100 u m ©>«O) 1 m m i j o iö * A D,F 300 jim 200 um 100 jim B *1 m m C 100 um A C 300 |im 200 um D Figure 15 Holothuria (Platyperona) difficilis : F ig u re 14 Holothuria (Metriatyla) ocellata Rowe, 1969. A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle rods; Jaeger, 1833. A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle rods; C: body wall tables; D: body wall buttons; E: body C: body wall tables; D: body wall buttons; E: wall perforated plates; F: tube feet perforated papillae table; F: tube feet perforated rods. The plates. The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Materials.- : 3 specimens. - BIMS-I 260 : Ko Rin (E), Chon Buri, 18 Jan. 1998; BIMS-I 301 :Ko Rin Subgenus Platyperona Rowe, 1969 (E), Chon Buri, 15 Aug. 1998; BIMS-I 1033 : Ko Holothuria (Platyperona) difficilis Thalu (N), Rayong, 3 Mar. 2001. Semper, 1868 (Fig. 15) Habitat : lives on rock or dead coral in the coral reef at 10-12 meter depth. Holothuria (Platyperona) difficilis : Rowe, 1969 : 143-144, fig. 12; Clark and Rowe, 1971:178, General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Is. PI. 27, fig. 9; Rowe and Doty, 1977:232, fig. Of W. Indian Ocean, Mascarene Is., Red Sea, 3h; Cannon and Silver, 1986:24, fig. 7b; Chao Maldive area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North and Chang, 1989:117-118, figs. 16,30c; Rowe Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan, South and Gates, 1995 : 296-297; Massin, 1996 : Pacific Is., Hawaiian Is. 155, figs. 3-4; Massin, 1999:38-40, figs. 28a- g, 29; Lane, et aí, 2000 : 489; Muchrin, 1998 : 20, PI. 7, figs. 1-2; Putchakarn, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 : 8. Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea. 121 Subgenus Thymiosycia Pearson, 1914 Holothuria impatiens : Sriyakom, 1970 : 77, PI. Holothuria (Thymiosycia) impatiens 28, fig, 4, PI. 41, fig. 2. (Forskâl, 1775) (Fig. 16) Materials.- : 8 specimens. - BIMS-I 276 : Leam Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 10 Jun. 1998; BIMS- 1377 : Leam Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 13 May. 1999; BIMS-I 383 : Ko M anNai(W ), Rayong, 24 Nov. 1995; BIMS-I 385 : Ko ManNai (W), Rayong, 19 Sep. 1998; BIMS-I 422 : Haad Kai Bae, Ko Chang, Trat, 20 Jun. 1999; BIMS-I 872 : Ao Phrao, Ko Samet, Rayong, 23 Sep. 2000; BIMS-I 1030 : Ko Man Nok (E), Rayong, 1 Mar. 2001; AQ.SC.BUU.(no number) : Ao Phrao, Ko Samet, Rayong, 23 Sep. 2000. Habitat : lives in the nooks of corals at 3-6 meter depth. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Is. Of W. Indian Ocean, Mascarene Is., E. Africa & Madagascar, Red Sea, S.E. Arabia, Persian Gulf, Maldive area, Ceylon area. Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Ts., China & Japan, South Pacific Is., Hawaiian Is. Subgenus Lessonothuria Deichmann, 1958 Figure 16 Holothuria (Thymiosycia) impatiens Holothuria (Lessonothuria) verrucosa (Forskâl, 1775). A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle Selenka, 1867 rods; C: body wall tables; D: body wall buttons; (Fig. 17) E: tube feet perforated rods. The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Holothuria (Lessonothuria) verrucosa: Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 176, PI. 28, fig. 7; Holothuria (Thymiosycia) impatiens : Cherbonnier, 1980 : 637-638, fig. 12A-0; Cherbonnier, 1955(b) : 148-149, PI. 35, fig. a-d; Cherbonnier, 1984(a) : 675-678, fig. 8A-I; Cherbonner, 1955(a): 140-141; Rowe, 1969: Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 22; Rowe and 145-146, fig. 13; Clark and Rowe, 1971 :178, Gates, 1995 :292; Massin, 1996:23-25, figs. PI. 28, fig. 8; Liao, 1975 : 214, fig. 14; Rowe 14A-D, 15A-G; Lane, eta l, 2000:489. and Doty, 1977:233, figs. 4c, 7e; Cherbonnier, 1980 : 642-644, fig. 14A-H;TanTiu, 1981 : 76, Materials.- : 1 specimens. - BIMS-I 285 : Ko Kham PI. 18, figs. l-2;Reyes-Leonardo, 1984: 147- (N), Chon Buri, 6 Oct. 1998. 148, PI. 4, figs. la-d; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 25, fig. 7f; Massin, 1996 :30-33, fig. 21A-E; Habitat : lives in the nook of coral at 3-5 meter Guille, etal., 1986 : 94-95; Chao and Chang, depth. 1989:118, fig. 18,30E; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 303; Massin, 1999:57-58, figs. 45,11 le; Lane, General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. etal., 2000:489; Putchakarn, 1998: 86-87, PI. Mascarene Is., E. Africa & Madagascar, East 8, figs. 3-4; Rodma, 1996:45, PI. 15, figs. 1-3; Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., South Pacific Mucharin, 1998 : PI. 7, figs. 3-4; Putchakarn, Is., Hawaiian Is. Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 : 8. 122 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2), December 2005 A X ^ y / (99 ¡Q9 w'op A— 200 gm m ( f o » 100 fttri 100 um © w WoOKOoiro0 9 o .s <5 ieS ss?^- Figure 18 Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka, 1867. A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle rods; 200 juri ' 100 >im 1 C: body wall tables; D: dorsal body wall buttons. 200 jfltt Q 200 |im C — 200 um 500 gm The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. D- H Figure 17 Holothuria (Lessonothuria) verrucosa Materials.- : 9 specimens. - BIMS-1281 : Haad Selenka, 1867. A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle rods; Bang Pra, Chon Buri, 17 Feb. 1999; BIMS-I283 : C: body wall tables; D: dorsal body wall pseudo Haad Bang Saen, Chon Buri, 9 Oct. 2001 ; BIMS-I buttons; E: ventral body wall pseudo buttons; F: 286 : Ko Man Nok (N), Rayong, 24 Nov. 1995; tube feet buttons; G: tube feet rods; H: tube feet BIMS-I 291 : Ko Lan (S), lONov. 1998; BIMS-I 292 perforated plates. The figures was drawn by Aroni : Leam Chabang, Chon Buri, 23 Nov. 1995; BIMS- Mucharin. I 357 : Haad Bang Pha, Chon Buri, 6 May. 1999; BIMS-I 387 : Haad Mae Ramphung, Rayong, 2 Sep. 1998; BIMS-I 871 : Ao Phrao, Ko Samet, Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Rayong, 23 Sep. 2000; AQ.SC.BUU.(no number) : Selenka, 1867 Ao Phrao, Ko Samet, Rayong, 23 Sep. 2000. (Fig. 18) Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis : Habitat : lives under the sand beyond the reef at Cherbonnier, 1955(b) : 150-151, PI. 36, fig. a-v; 4-5 meter depth. Rowe, 1969:149-150, fig, 15; Clark and Rowe, 1971 :176, PI. 28, fig. 11 ; Rowe and Doty, 1977 General Distribution ; Indo-west Pacific, i.e. Is. : 233, fig. 4e; Reyes-Leonado, 1984:148, PI. 4, Of W. Indian Ocean, Mascarene Is., E. Africa & figs. 3a-f; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 22, fig. Madagascar, Red Sea, S.E. Arabia, W. India & 6e; Chao and Chang, 1989 : 119, figs. 20,30G; Pakistan, Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 292; Massin, 1996 : North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan, 19-23, figs. 12A-D, 13A-E; Massin, 1999:25- South Pacific Is., Hawaiian Is. 27, figs.l8a-j, 19; Lane, et al., 2000 : 489; Mucharin, 1998 : 21-22, PI. 8, figs. 1-2; Putchakam, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea. 123 Subgenus Mertensiothuria Deichmann, 1958 figs. 5-6; Rodma, 1996 :45, PI. 16, figs. 1-2; Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota Mucharin, 1998 : 22-23, PI. 8, figs. 3-4; Brandt, 1835 Putchakarn, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 (Fig. 19) : 8 . Holothuria leucospilota : Cherbonnier, 1955(a) x \ : 81. Materials.- : 25 specimens. - BIMS-I 255 : Ko Sak (N), Chon Buri, 13 Aug. 1995; BIMS-I 258 : Ko Yaw, Chon Buri, 24 Jul. 1997; BIMS-I 261 : Ko Man Nok, Rayong, 25 Nov. 1995; BIMS-I 278 : Ko Yaw, Chon Buri, 24 Jun. 1997; BIMS-I 298 : Haad Samae San, Chon Buri, 1 Feb. 1999; BIMS-I 317 : Haad Samae, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 9 Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 326 : Ko Khrok(W), Chon Buri, 11 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 327 : Ko Khrok (E), Chon Buri, 11 Jun. 1998; BIMS- 1329: Ko Sak(N), Chon Buri, lOJun. 1998;BIMS- 1331 : Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 12 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 336: Ko Rin (E), Chon Buri, 15 Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 340 : Ko Klung Badan (W), 17 Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 343 : Ko Phai (S), Chon Buri, 12Nov. 1998: BIMS-I 347 : Ko Lan (S), 16 Nov. 1998; BIMS-I 350 : Ao Nu-an, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 10 Nov. 1998; BIMS-1380 : Leam Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 13 May. 1999; BIMS-I 381 : Haad Ta Wan, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 13 May. 1999; BIMS-I 424 : Haad Kai Jae, Ko Chang, Trat, 20 Jun. 1999; BIMS-I 755 : Ao Makharn Pom, Rayong, 26 Apr. 2000; BIMS-I 758 : Ko Kudi (W), Rayong, 15 May. 2000; BIMS-I 846 F igure 19 Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) : Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri, 25 May. 2000; BIMS-I leucospilota Brandt, 1835. A: calcareous ring; B: 918 : Haad Samae, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 28 Oct. body wall tables; C: body wall buttons; D: papillae 2000; BIMS-I 919 : Haad Samae, Ko Lan, Chon perforated plates; E: tube feet perforated rods; F: Buri, 28 Oct. 2000; BIMS-I 1010 : Ko Lueam Noi tube feet perforated plates. The figures was drawn (E), Chon Buri, 2 Feb. 2001; AQ.SC.BUU. (no by Arom Mucharin. number) : Ko Phai (S), Chon Buri, 12 Nov. 1998. Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota : Habitat : lives generally on the sandy beachs or Rowe, 1969 : 148, fig. 14; Clark and Rowe, on the sand in coral reef at 3-6 meter depth. 1971 : 176, PI. 28, figs. 19; Rowe and Doty, 1977:233-234, figs. 4f, 7g; Tan Tiu, 1981:77- General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Is. 78, PI. 19, figs. l-2d;Cherbonnier, 1984(a) : O f W. Indian Ocean, Mascarene Is., E. Africa & 682-685, fig. 11A-M; Cannon and Silver, 1986 Madagascar, Red Sea, S.E. Arabia, Persian Gulf, : 23, fig. 6g; Chao and Chang, 1989 : 119, Maldive area, Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East figs. 21, 30H; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 293; Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Conand, 1998 : 1178; Massin, 1999 : 27-30, Japan, South Pacific Is., Hawaiian Is. figs. 20a-g, 21 ; Putchakam, 1998 : 87, PI. 8, 124 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1 (2), December 2005 Genus Pearsonothuria Levin, Materials.- : 3 specimens. - BIMS-I 371 : Ko Lom, Kalinin & Stonik, 1984 Trat, 6Mar. 1998; BIMS-I 743 : Ko Khlum (E), Trat, Pearsonothuria graeffei (Semper,1868) 21 Dec. 1998; BIMS-I 1022 : KoYaax(E),Trat,27 (Fig. 20) Feb. 2001. Habitat : lives on the rock in coral reef at 3-8 meter depth. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Red Sea, Maldive area, East Indies, Philippine Is., South Pacific Is. Family Stichopodidae Haeckel, 1886 Gunus Stichopus Brandt, 1835 I Cl Stichopus naso Semper, 1868 < ' '0 (1 / D (Fig. 21) • (r (t] to*- M- (È w v f Í Vy ¿ G \ J h $ ■ ff-)- M A ¿Ci V 1W1// io mm B \ ~ ¿s* i 0} D >00 um 100 jim 1 ® 300 *an J Q w m m P f M S ín \0) Figure 20 Pearsonothuria graeffei (Semper, 1868). G A: calcareous ring (R : radial piece; IR : interradial 7 mm piece); B: tentacle rosettes; C: body wall rods; D: body wall branch rods; E: body wall pseudo tables; c _____ 100 um 1001un F: tube feet perforated plates. The figures was C 50 um drawn by Arom Mucharin. D 100 jjm ^ 200 um O Pearsonothuria graeffei ; Tan Tiu, 1981 : 68, PI. 9, i , 300jxm figs. 1 -2; Cherbonnier, 1984:669-672, fig. 6A- I; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 21 ; Massin, 1996 Figure 21 Stichopus naso Semper, 1868. A: : 33-34, fig. 22A-H; Conand, 1998: 1184; calcareous ring; B: body wall C-shaperod; C: body Massin, 1999 : 62-63, figs. 51,11 lg,h; Lane, wall tabes; D: body wall rosettes; E: papillae tables; et al., 2000 ; 489. F: tube feet perforated plates; G: tube feet rod; H: Bohadschia graeffei : Clark and Rowe, 1971 : tube feet perforated plates. The figures was drawn 176, PL27, fig. 7; Rowe and Doty, 1977 :229, by Arom Mucharin. figs. 2g, 6c; Reyes-Leonardo, 1984: 144, PI. 1, figs, 1 a-h; Rowe and Gates, 1995 :288. Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea.. 125 Stichopus naso : Reyes-Leonardo, 1984:151-152, PL 10, figs. 2a-h; Leonardo and Cowan, 1984 : 43; Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 178; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 325-326; Mucharin, 1998 :29, PI. 12, figs. 3-4; Putchakam, Mucharin and A Sonchaeng, 2000: 8. Materials.- ; 8 specimens. - BIMS-J 309 : Ko Khrok B (W), Chon Buri, 15 Jan. 1998; BIMS-I 311 : Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Bun', 12 Mar. 1996; BIMS-I ¿rivi 319 : Leam Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 10 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 344 : Ko Phai (S), Chon Buri. 12 Nov. IS* ■JC/ OJO 1998; BIMS-I 345 : Ko Phai (S), Chon Buri, 12 Nov. ‘ •'OK" ( 'rigOQl 1998; BIMS-I 352 : Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 12 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 353 : Leam Tonglang, Ko e ;Q. Lan, Chon Buri, 10 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 375 : Haad M ELa Ga , ¿ ’b'- iÇf? Ta Wan, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 13 May. 1999. Ufe H Habitat : lives on the sand nearly reef edge at 6-15 6 m m meter depth. ÂteJ Ä 1 500 um B ,H 100 |un General Distribution ; Indo-West Pacific, i.e. C,D,E 100 um Philippine Is. OlROJ ! 00 ¿un G,I Stichopus chloronotus Brandt, 1835 Figure 22 Stichopus chloronotus Brandt, 1835. (Fig. 22) A: calcareous ring; B: tentacles rod; C: tentacles perforated plates; D: body wall tables; E: body Stichopus chloronotus ; Cannon and Silver, 1984 wall C-shape and S-shape rods; F: papillae : 27, fig. 7h; Reyes-Leonardo, 1984:151, PI. rosettes; G: papillae table; H: tube feet perforated 9, fig. 1 a-d; Leonardo and Cowan, 1984:40- rods; I: tube feet perforated plates. The figures 41 ; Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 178, PI. 27, fig. was drawn by Arom Mucharin. 18; Rowe and Doty, 1977 :227, figs. 2c, 6a; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 323; Massin, 1996 : General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Is. Of W. Indian Ocean, Mascarene Is., E. Africa & 34-35, fig. 23A-L; Conand, 1998:1186; Lane, Madagascar, Maldive area, Ceylon area, Bay of éta l, 2000:489. Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan, South Pacific Is., Hawaiian Is. Common Name : Teat fish (Leonardo and Cowan, 1984:40) Stichopus horrens Selenka, 1867 Materials.- : 1 specimens. - BIMS-I 1015 : Ko Kra (Fig. 23) - Ko Thian (NE), Trat, 26 Feb. 1999. Stichopus horrens : Cherbonnier, 1955(a) : 323 Rowe and Doty, 1977 : 227, figs. 2d, 6b Habitat : lives on the rock in rocky beach or on Cherbonnier, 1980 : 649-651, fig. 17A-Q the sand in coral reef at 1-2 meter depth. Leonardo and Cowan, 1984 ; 42; Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 178, PI. 27, fig. 19; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 27, fig. 7g; Chao and chang, 126 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2), December 2005 1989:115, fig. 8 ,29c; Rowe and Gates, 1995 351 : Ko Sak(N), Chon Buri, 28 Aug, 1995;BIMS- : 324; Conand, 1998:1187; Land, et al., 2000 1354 : Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri, - Dec. 1995; BIMS- : 489; Mucharin, 1998 : 26, PI. 10, figs. 3-4; I 355 : Haad Samae San, Chon Buri, - Dec. 1995; Putchakam, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 BIMS-I 356 : Haad Samae San, Chon Buri, 1 Feb. : 8 . 1999; BIMS-I 376 : Haad Ta Wan, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 13 May. 1998; BIMS-I 389 : Ko Rang, Trat, 28 Sep. 1994; BIMS-I 394 : Ko ManNai (N), Rayong, 24 Nov. 1995; BIMS-I 395 : Ko Man Nok (E), Rayong, 25 Nov. 1995; BIMS-I 396 : Ko Man Nai (W), Rayong. 21 Nov. 1998; BIMS-I 397 : Ko Man Nok (S), Rayong, 22 Nov. 1998; BIMS-I 398 : Ko Man Nok (S), Rayong, 22 Nov. 1998; BIMS-I 588 : Haad Pattaya, Chon Buri, 24 May. 1997; BIMS-I 760 : Ko Kudi (W), Rayong, 15 May. 2000; B1MS- I 851 : Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri, 25 May. 2000; BIMS-I 873 : Ao Phrao, Ko Samet, Rayong, 23 Sep. 2000; BIMS-I 1016 : Ko Kra - Ko Thian (NS), Trat, 26 Feb. 2001; BIMS-I 1017 : Ko Kra-K o Thian (NS), Trat, 26 Feb. 2001 ; BIMS-I 1019 : Ko ______6 mm A — K ra-K o Thian (NS), Trat, 26 Feb. 2001 ; BIMS-I 500 jun Dt í 1026 : Ko Rayang Nok (NE), Trat, 27 Feb. 2001. w 50 um _ Lc F 100 um D,F— Habitat : lives on the the sand nearly reef edge at ^ £i- 100 jim — 5-7 meter depth. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. East Figure 23 Stichopus horrens Selenka, 1867. A: Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & calcareous ring; B: tentacles rods; C: dorsal body Japan, South Pacific Is., Hawaiian Is. wall tables; D: dorsal body wall C and S shape rods; E: dorsal body wall branch rods; F: tube feet Stichopus herrmanni Semper, 1868 perforated rods. The figures was drawn by Arom (Fig. 24) Mucharin. Stichopus herrmanni : Massin, 1996:35-37, figs. Materials.- : 34 specimens. - BIMS-I 299 : Ko 24A-G, 25A-B; Massin, 1999:63-65, fig. 52a- Khrok(W), Chon Buri, 11 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 300 : n; Lane, et aí., 2000 :489. Leam Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 10 Jun. 1998; Stichopus variegatus herrmanni : Reyes- BIMS-I 303 : Ko Khrok (E), Chon Buri, 15 Jan. Leonardo, 1984:152,P1.9,figs.2a-g, PI. 10, 1998; BIMS-I 308 : Ko Rang, Trat, 28 Sep. 1994; figs. la-c; Leonardo and Cowan, 1984 : 46- BIMS-I 318 : Leam Tonglang, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 47; Mucharin, 1998 :27-28, PI. 11, figs. 3-4; 10 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 323 : Ko Khrok ( W), Chon Putchakarn, Mucharin and Sonchaeng, 2000 Buri, 11 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 324 : Ko Khrok (W), : 8 . Chon Buri, 11 Jun. 1998; BIMS-1325 : Ko Khrok (W), Chon Buri, 11 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 332 : Ko Common Name : Curry fish (Leonardo and Cowan, Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 25 Nov. 1998; BIMS-I 1984:46) 333 : Ko Lueam Noi, Chon Buri, 17 May. 1998; BIMS-I 334 : Ko Rin (E), Chon Buri, 15 Jul. 1998; Materials.- : 2 specimens. - BIMS-I 305 : Ko Lueam BIMS-I 338 : Ko Man Wichai (E), Chon Buri, 16 Noi (E), Chon Buri, 12 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 306 : Ko Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 339 : Ko Man Wichai (E), Chon Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 17 Jun. 1998. Buri, 16 Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 342 : Ko Klung Badan (E), Chon Buri, 17 Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 349 : Haad Habitat : lives on the sand nearly reef edge at 5-7 Nu-an, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 10 Nov. 1998; BIMS-I meter depth. Mucharin et al. - Hoiothurians (Holothuroidea.. 127 A A v - A f)0¡ i A '' )ö ( ja O W L m B ^ m ñ „ m OÛ\P # DA ^ PD F ù o°c B \\ I - -f « r /09 /o l /O c \s J f ° s S h 2 m m ■8^ A % ' .O , ^ 200 um 2 m m 100 um A 200 um 100 um D 1 0 0 ¡a n 100 firn ¡00 um l l f 100 D 100 um Figure 24Stichopus herrmanni Semper, 1868. A: Figure 25Actinocucumis typicus Ludwig, 1875. calcareous ring; B: tentacles rods; C: dorsal body A: calcareous ring; B: tentacles rods; C: body wall wall tables; D: dorsal body wall C-shape rods; E: tables; D: body wall fenetrated figure of eight; E: tube feet perforated plates; F: tube feet rods. The body wall buttons. The figures was drawn by figures was drawn by Aroni Mucharin. Arom Mucharin. General Distribution : Indo-west Pacific, i.e. General Distribution : Indo-west Pacific, i.e. W. Indian Ocean, Red Sea. India & Pakistan, Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, China & Japan, South Order Dendrochirotida Grube, 1840 Pacific Is. Family Cucumariidae Ludwig, 1894 Genus Actinocucumis Ludwig, 1875 Genus Cercodemas Selenka, 1867 Actinocucumis typicus Ludwig, 1875 Cercodemas anceps (Selenka, 1867) (Fig. 25) (Fig. 26) Actinocucumis typicus : Clark and Rowe, 1971 : Cercodemas anceps : Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 182, PI. 30, fig. 4; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 271-272; Lane, eta l, 2000:490. 32, fig. 8a, 9h; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 270; Pentacta anceps : Clark and Rowe, 1971 :180, PI. Lane, etal., 2000 :490. 29, fig. 8; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 30, fig. 8b; Putchakarn, 1998 : 82, PI. 7, figs. 1-2; Materials.- : 1 specimens. - BIMS-I 854 : Ko Kham Rodma, 199648, PI. 17, figs.4-5; Mucharin, (N), Chon Buri, 25 May. 2000. 1998:31-32, PI. 13, figs. 3-4. Pentacta australis : Sanjindawong, 1973 : 22, Habitat : lives under the sponge in dead coral at 3 figs. 3,24. meter depth. 128 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1 (2), December 2005 Genus Colochirus Troschel, 1846 Colochirus quadrangularis Troschel, 1846 (Fig. 27) A ' / 0 V / Q g um Figure 26 Cercodemas anceps (Selenka, 1867). qQ(-QD)-. o 0V c 100 A: calcareous ring; B: tentacles rods; C: body wall I'S T \\ F c 100 um fi . IA U.r baskets; D: body wall fenetrates bodies; E: tube feet rods. The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Figure 27 Colochirus quadrangularis Troschel, Materials.- : 8 specimens. - BIMS-I 378 : Ta Wang 1846. A: calcareous ring; B: tentacles rods; C: body Beach of Lan Island, Chon Buri, 13 May. 1999; wall perforated plates; D: body wall fenetrates BIMS-I 590 : Ta Wang Beach of Lan Island, Chon bodies; E: body wall perforated plates; F: tube Buri, 12 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I 596 : Leam Chabung, feet perforated rods.The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Chon Buri, 21 Nov. 1998; BIMS-I 741 : Ko Wai (SW), Trat, 23 Dec. 1998; BIMS-I 852 : Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri, 25 May. 2000; BIMS-I 855 : Ko Colochirus quadrangularis : Rowe and Gates, Kudi (W), Rayong, 26 May. 2000; BIMS-I 1034 : 1995 :272-273; Massin, 1996:5; Lane, et al., Ko Raet(N), Chon Buri, 5 Mar. 2001 : AQ.SC.BUU. 2000:490. (no number) : Ko Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 12 Pentacta quadrangularis : Clark and Rowe, 1971 Jun. 1998. : 180, PI. 29, fig, 11 ; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 30; Sanjindawong, 1973 : 22, figs 2, 23; Habitat : lives on the dead coral, shell or rock in Putchakam, 1998 : 82-83, PI. 7, figs. 3-4; coral reef at 3-15 meter depth. Rodma, 1996 : 47-48, PI. 17, figs. 1-3; Mucharin, 1998 : 32, PI. 14, figs. 1-2. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Maerials.- : 7 specimens. - BIMS-I 379 : Haad Ta Japan, South Pacific Is. Wan, Ko Lan, Chon Buri, 13 Jun. 1998; BIMS-I Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea.. 129 591 : Haad Mae Ramphung, Rayong, No date; BIMS-I 592 : Haad Mae Ramphung, Rayong, 21 ^ A |U U \ Mar. 1995; BIMS-1664 : Ko ManNok, Rayong,22 Feb. 1998; BIMS-1853 : Ko Kham (N), Chon Buri, 25 May. 2000; BIMS-11032 : Ko Thalu (N), Rayong, 3 Mar. 2001 ; AQ.SC.BUU. (no number) : Haad Mae Ramphung, Rayong, 21 Mar. 1995. Habitat : lives on the sand, shell or rock beyond the reef at 10-15 meter depth. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan. Genus Pseudocolochirus Pearson, 1910 Pseudocolochirus axiologus . 3 mm (Clark, 1914) Q \ N A- q o o° c m b ,c ------^ j™ Pseudocolochirus axiologus : Clark and Rowe, D “ 1971 :180, Cannon and Silver, 1986: 31, fig. 8c, 9e. Figure28 Stolus conjugens (Semper, 1868). A: calcareous ring; B: body wall tables; C: body wall Materials.- : 1 living specimens from Aquarium of buttons; D: body wall plates. The figures was Institute of Marine Science, Burapha University, drawn by Arom Mucharin. Bang Saen, Chon Buri, (no number) Habitat : lives on the sand, shell or rock at more General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. W. than 10 meter depth. India & Pakistan, Ceylon area, Philippine Is. General Distribution ; Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Stolus buccalis (Stimpson, 1855) North Australia (Fig. 29) Family Phyllophoridae Stolus buccalis : Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 182. PI. Oestergren, 1907 29, fig. 14; Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 31, fig. Genus Stolus Selenka, 1867 9f; Rowe and Gates, 1995 ; 314; Lane, etal., Stolus conjugens (Semper, 1868) 2000:491; Rodma, 1996:47, PI. 16, figs. 3-4; (Fig. 28) Mucharin, 1998 :30-31, PI. 13, figs. 1-2. Stolus conjugens : Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 182, PI. Materials.- : 2 specimens. - BIMS-I 259 : Ko Si 29, fig. 16; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 314-315; Chang (E), Chon Buri, 3 Nov. 1996; BIMS-I 593 : Lane, eta l, 2000 :491. Haad Mae Ramphung, Rayong, No date; BIMS-I 597 : Ko Lan (S), Chon Buri, 10 Nov. 1998. Materials.- : 2 specimens. - BIMS-I 296 ; Haad Bang Saen, Chon Buri, 4 Nov. 1998; BIMS-I 314 : Habitat : lives under the sand beach at 3 meter Haad Bang Saen, Chon Buri, 9 Oct. 1997. depth. Habitat : lives under the sand beach at 3 meter depth. 130 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1 (2), December 2005 i\/\/\/\ /\ /\ i\ X \ \ H jl f e ) J B K. / Ii 3 mm 25 )tm f \ A 3 mm 100 um 100 um c Figure 30 Thyone cf. papuensis Théel, 1886. A: 200 lim D calcareous ring; B: body wall tables. The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin Figure 29 Stolus buccalis (Stimpson, 1855). A: calcareous ring; B: tentacle rosettes; C: body wall General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. knob buttons; D: tube feet perforated rods. The Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Australia. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. E. Genus Havelockia Pearson, 1903 Africa & Madagascar, S.E. Arabia, Persian Gulf, Havelockia versicolor (Semper, 1868) W. India & Pakistan, Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, (Fig. 31) East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is., China & Japan. Havelockia versicolor : Clark and Rowe, 1971 180. PI. 29, fig. 13; Cannon and Silver, 1986 Genus Thyone Oken, 1815 29, fig. 9a; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 310-311 Thyone cf. papuensis Théel, 1886 Lane, etal., 2000:490; Mucharin, 1998 : 34, (Fig. 30) PI. 14, figs. 3-4. Thyone papuensis : Clark and Rowe, 1971 : 182; Materials.- : 2 specimens. - BIMS-I 595 : Ko Lueam Cannon and Silver, 1986 : 32, fig. 9g; Rowe Noi (E), Chon Buri, 17 Jul. 1998; BIMS-I 658 : Ko and Gates, 1995 :316; Lane, et al., 2000:491 ; Lueam Noi (E), Chon Buri, 19Feb. 1998. Mucharin, 1998:33, PI. 15, figs. 1-3. Habitat : lives on the dead coral of rock in coral Materials.- : 1 specimens. - BIMS-I 594 : Ko Lueam reef at 4-6 meter depth. Noi (E), Chon Bini, 20 Jun. 1998. General Distribution : Indo-west Pacific, i.e. East Habitat : lives under the sand beach at 3 meter Indies, Philippine Is. depth. Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea.. 131 4 mm Figure 32 Acaudina leucoprocta (H.L. Clark, 1938). A: calcareous ring. The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Figure 31 Havelockia versicolor (Semper, 1868). A: calcareous ring; B: body wall tables; C: tube Acaudina cf. molpadioides feet perforated plate. The figures was drawn by (Semper, 1868) Aroni Mucharin. (Fig. 33) Acaudina molpadioides : Clark and Rowe, 1971 : Order Molpadiida Haeckel, 1896 184, PI. 31, Pig. 12; Rowe and Gates, 1995: Family Caudinidae Heding, 1931 263; Lane, etal., 2000:491. Genus Acaudina H.L. Clark, 1907 Acaudina leucoprocta Materials.- : 2 specimens. - BIMS-I 978 : Waelu (H.L. Clark, 1938) estuary, Chantaburi, 16 Sep. 2000; BIMS-I 1007 : (Fig. 32) Ko Wai (N), Trat, 16 Sep. 2000. Acaudina leucoprocta : Clark and Rowe, 1971 : Habitat : lives under the mud - sand in seagrass 184; Cannon and Silver, 1986 :40; Rowe and bed or sand beach. Gates, 1995 :263; Lane, etal., 2000:491. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. Materials.- : 1 specimens. - BIMS-1 756 : Ao Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, Philippine Makam Poni, Rayong, 26 Apr. 2000. Is. China & S. Japan. Habitat : lives under the mud - sand in seagrass bed; Halodule pinifolia is dominate species. General Distribution : Indo-West Pacific, i.e. North Australia. 132 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2), December 2005 Habitat : lives under the mud - sand at 8 meter depth. Order Apodida Brandt, 1835 Family Synaptidae Burmeister, 1837 Genus Synaptula Orsted, 1849 Synaptula recta (Semper, 1868) (Fig. 35) Synaptula recta : Clark, 1907: 84-85; Clark, 1924 : 475-476; Heding, 1928: 167, fig. 16 (4-6), 17 (3-8), 17; Clark and Rowe, 1971:188-189, pi. 30, fig. 16; Cannon and Silver, 1987 :43, fig. 8i; Rowe and Gates, 1995 : 338; Bussarawit and Thongtham, 1999 : 35; Massin, 1999 : 116-119, figs. 101-102; Lane, etal., 2000:492; 2 mm Samyn, 2003 : 113-115, fig. 48 A-F, fig. 56F, pi. 4H. Figure 33 Acaudina cf. molpadioides (Semper, Chondrocloea recta : Clark, 1938 : 545-546. pi. 15. 1868) A: calcareous ring. The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Materials.- : 9 specimens. - BIMS-I 769 : Ao Pa Chae, Ko Samet, Rayong, 19 May. 2000; BIMS-I Acaudina sp. 770 : Ao Pa Chae, Ko Samet, Rayong, 19 May. (Fig. 34) 2000; BIMS-I 874 : Ao Luk You, Samet, Rayong, 23 Sep. 2000; BIMS-I 825 : Ao Luk You, Samet, Materials.- : 1 specimens. - BIMS-I 287 : Haad Rayong, 23 Sep. 2000; BIMS-I 876 : Ao Phrao, Bang Pha, Chon Buri, 12 Oct. 1998. Samet, Rayong, 23 Sep. 2000; BIMS-I 1012 : Ko Lueam (E), Chon Buri, 2 Feb 2001 ; BIMS-I 1028 : Ko Yaax (E), Trat, 27 Feb. 2001 ; AQ.SC.BUU. (no number) : Haad Pala, Rayong, No date. Habitat : lives on the sponge or coral in coral reef at 2-3 meter depth. W General Distribution : Indo-west Pacific, i.e. Red Sea, Ceylon area, Bay of Bengal, East Indies, North Australia, Philippine Is and South Pacific. P\j Vi 3 mm Figure 34Acaudina sp. A: calcareous ring. The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Mucharin etal. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea.. 133 B 100 am x i A,B 25 am C — B Figure 36 Synaptula sp. A: body wall anchors; 4 m m B: body wall anchorplates; C: body wall granules. The figures was drawn by Arom Mucharin. D 100 jAm 200 jxm C.D D is c u s s io n Figure 35 Synaptula recta (Semper, 1868) A: calcareous ring; B: tip of anchors; C: body wall Studying of the Holothurians anchor plates; D: body wall anchors. The figures (Holothuroidea : Echinodermata) of the Eastern was drawn by Arom Mucharin. Coast of Thailand were conducted by actual collecting techniques through the numerous field Synaptula sp. trips and reference col lections of Thai institutes. (Fig.36) The total of 194 specimens examined consisting of 27 species obtained from the field, 26 species Materials.- : 3 specimens. - BIMS-I 111 : Haad Pa from the collections and one species of a live Chae, Ko Samet, Rayong, 19 May. 2000; BIMS-I specimen rearing in the aquarium of the Bang Saen 877 : Ao Phrao, Ko Samet, Rayong, 3 Sep. 2000; Institute of Marine Science. AQ.SC.BUU. (no number) : Ko Rin (E), Chon Buri, The above holothurians were classified No Date. into 4 orders, 6 families, 14 genera and 34 species; only four of them have not yet identified down Habitat : lives on the sponge, coral or dead coral into the species level. in coral reef at 2-3 meter depth. Judging of their distributions by provinces of the Eastern Coast, i.e, Chon Buri, Rayong, Chanthaburi and Trat; those holothurians distributing in all 4 provinces include Holothuria (Thymiosycia) impatiens, H. (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota, Synaptula sp.1 uudSynaptula sp.2; those in Chon Buri only are B o h a d sch ia marmorata, H. (Semperothuria) flavomaculata, Stichopus naso, S. herrmanni, Actinocucumis typicus, Thyone cf. papuensis and Havelockia 134 The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1 (2), December 2005 versicolor, those in Rayong only are Acaudina calcareous ring character could lead to the sp.; and those in Trat only are H olothuria conclusion that they were Acaudina. (Halodeima) edulis, H. (Stauropora) discrepans, H. (Metriatyla) martensi, ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Pearsonothuria graeffei and Paracaudina sp. (Table 1) We would like to express my gratitude From the preferred habitats studied, most io Dr. Jarujin Nabhitabhata, the Director of were found inhabiting the coral reefs; while Ecology and Environment Center, National Acaudina leucoprocta, only in the seagrass bed; Science Museum, Pathutn Thani for their and both Stolus conjugens and Acaudina sp. only kindness in providing useful comments for the in sandy beach. manuscript. On the problematic species treatment of Bohadschia marmorata and B. vitensis', Rowe and LITERATURE CUED Doty (1977) and Leonardo and Cowan (1984) regarded the latter as a subspecies of the former Bussarawit, S. and N. Thongtham. 1999. Sea by both possessing very similar forms of spicules. cucumber fisheries and trade in Thailand. On the contrary, Camion and Silver ( 1986) and A paper presented at International Massin (1999) separated them as 2 distinct species Conference on the Conservation of Sea on having different morphological characters and Cucumbers in Malaysia. 25 Feb. 1999. branching patterns of the rods. Kaula Lampur, Malaysia. This present study had led to the Clark, A.M. and F.W.E. Rowe. 1971. Monograph conclusion that conforming well to the latter two o f shallow-wat er Indo-West Pacific works that B. vitensis having more complex echinoderms. British Museum (Natural branchings of the rods than those of B. History), London, 238 pp. marmorata, and should be regarded as 2 different Clark, H.L. 1907 The apodous holothurians. species. Amonograph of the Synaptidae and Also, we disagreed with Leonardo and Molpadiidae. Smithsonian Contributions Cowan (1984) who classified Stichopus to Knowledge 35 : 1 -231, pis. 4-13. herrm anni as variety of S. variegatus, but Clark, H.L. 1924. The holothurians of the Museum followed Massin (1999) in treating it as a good of Comparative Zoology. The synaptidae. species. Only S. herrmanni could be found in the Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Gulf of Thailand. From this study we could not Zoology at Haiward College 65 ( 13) : 459- find any S. variegatus, reported living in the Gulf 501,pis. 1-12. and the Andaman Sea by many workers Clark, H.L. 1938. Echinoderms from Australia. (Sriyakom, 1970; Sanjindawong, 1973; Bussarawit Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative and Thongtham, 1999) Zoology at Harvard College 55 : 441-558, Regarding the genus Thyone, T. cf. pis 15-16. p a p u en sis could not be confirmed as that Camion, L.R.G. and H. Silver. 1987. Sea cucumbers particular species, because its body color is yellow, of Northern Australia. Poly-Graphics Pty not dark brown as stated by Cannon and Silver Ltd. Brisbane, 60 pp. (1986); but Clark and Rowe (1971) reported T. Chao, S.M. and K.H. Chang. 1989. The shallo- papuensis distributing in the East Indies, which water holothurians (Echinodermata : including Thai waters, and its spicules are closed holothuroidea) of Southern taiwan. to those shown on page 38 in Cannon and Silver Bulletin of Institute Zoology Sinica 28(2) (1986). : 107-137. Some difficult genera of holothurians, the Cherbonnier, G. 1955 (a). Holothuries récoltées en caudinid genera Acaudina could not be positively océanic Française. Bulletin du Museum confirmed to species level, because their spicules national d'Histoire naturelle Paris 27 : in the body wall could not be seen; only their 77-82. morphological characters and distinctive ______. 1955 (b). Résultats scientifigues des compagnes de la ‘Calypso’ Les Mucharin et al. - Holothurians (Holothuroidea.. 135 Holothuries de la Mar rouge. Annales de I' Holothuroidea studia marine sinica 10 : Institut océanographique de Monaco 30 : 199-230. 129-183. Massin, C. 1996. Results of the Rumphi us ______. 1980. 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Studies in Afrotropical 28 pp. (In Thai with English Abstract). Zoology 292 : 1-158. Sanjindawong, M. 1973. Studies on taxonomy and Received: 24January 2005 the nutritive value of sea cucumbers in Accepted: 12 February 2005 Thailand. Thesis in Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 56 pp. (In Thai with English Abstract).