DOCSLIB.ORG

Geological Survey of Finland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Geological Survey of Finland Geological Survey of Finland Bulletin 369 Sedimentation of the Jotnian Satakunta sandstone, western Finland by J . Kohonen , P . Pihlaja, H. Kujala and J. Marmo Geologi an tulkimuskeskus Espoo 1993 Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 369 ~~EDIMEN1'ATION OF THE JOTNIAl'~ SATAKUNTA SA:NDSTONE, WESTERN FIl'JLAND by J. KOHONEN, P. PIHLAJA, H. KUJALA and J. MARMO with 20 figures, 2 tables and 1 appendix GEOLOGIAN TUTKIMUSKESKUS ESPOO 1993 Kohonen, J., Pihlaja, P., Kujala, H. & Marmo, JIl 1993. Sedimentation of the Jotnian Satakunta sandstone, western Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 369, 34 pages, 20 figures, 2 tables and 1 appendix. Sedimentology of the Mesoproterozoic (' Jotnian') Satakunta sandstone has been examined by methods of facies and grain size distribution analysis. The unmetamor­ phosed sandstone covers an NW-SE trending area about 15 x 100 km 2 in size, as an extension of a wide submarine sandstone area. The thickness of the arkosic sand­ stone formation is more than 600 meters and has been estimated to reach 1800 m. Cross-bedding structures indicate NW directed transport of detritus. Accord­ ing both the paleocurrents and the grain size distribution, the proximal part of basin was situated in the SE. At the southwestern contact, supply tranverse to the basin axis is evident, but the northeastern, steep border of the sandstone seems to be con­ trolled by younger faults, not by the primary basin edge. All primary features observed are typical of fluvial sediments. The only indica­ tion of marine contribution is the presence of glauconite in the distal part of the basin. The infilling of the depository was the result of an alluvial plain and, possi­ bly, sandy fan delta. The sedimentation was dominated by poorly cyclic, low sinuosity streams and, in proximal areas, by debris floods. Observations from a drill core (591 m long) indicate that major part of the Satakunta sandstone consists of medi­ um grained arkoses and subarkoses dissimilar to the coarse, pebbly sandstones typical of the present level of erosion. It seems that the alluvial type sediments offlapped more fine grained sandstones as the system prograded towards NW. The precise age and original extent of the basin are not possible to evaluate, but the development may have begun during the emplacement of rapakivi granites and associated mafic dykes. The final preservation seems to be controlled by the subsidence related to the eruption of 'Postjotnian' dykes and sills, which show a clear spatial connection with the sandstone. Key word~ (GeoRef Thesaurus, AGI):paleosedimentology, sandstone, lithofacies, grain size, paleocurrents, deposition, grabens, Proterozoic, Mesoproterozoic, Jotnian, Satakunta, Finland The authors' adress: Geological Survey ofFinland Betonimiehenkuja 4 SF-02150 Espoo Finland ISBN 951-690-503-X ISSN 0367-522X Vammala 1993 Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy CONTEl'JTS Introduction 0000•000000000000000000000000000000000000•000000•000•00 5 00. 0000000000•00 Geological setting .000 0000000000000000000000000000000 7 The basin 0000000•000000000000000000000000000000000000•000000•000•00 8 Composition and provenance of the sandstone 00000000000•0000000000•00 9 Grain size distribution 00000000000000000•000000000000000•0000000000•00 10 Litofac:ies descriptions 000000000000000000000000000000000•00000000•0•00 12 Methods and sites of observation 00000000000000000000•00000000•0•00 12 The Harjavalta section 00000000000000000000000000000•00000000•0•00 12 Gravelly lithofacies (Gm and Gp) 00000000000000000•0000000000•00 12 00 0 0 • 0 • 0 0 'Trough cross-bedded facies (St 1, St2 •and St3) 0000000•0000 14 'Planar crossbedded facies (Sp) 0000000000000000000D00000000•0000 15 •• 0 0 Horizontally bedded or laminated sandstone facies (Sh) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 Horizontally laminated or rippled sandy mudstone/siltstone facies (Fl) 16 The Knapernummi section 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o. 000000000000000•00000•00•0•00 18 Trough cross-bedded facies (St) 000000000000000000•00000000•0•00 18 0.0 00000000000000•000•0000•0•00 Planar cross-bedded facies (Sp) 0 0 0 18 •• 0000•00•0•00 Horizontally bedded facies (Sh) 000000000000000000 18 Mudstone facies (Fm) 000000000000000000000000000 .. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 Sedimentary structures in other observation sites 000 0 0 0 .. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 19 00 .. 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 The: drill core »Pori 1» 000000000000000000000000000 21 Facies sequences 00•00000000•0000000000000000000000000000000000•00000 22 Paleocurrents 0000•0000000000000000000 e . 00000000000000000000000•00000 24 Depositional models 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000•00000 27 Summary and discussion 000000000000000 o. 00000000000000000000000D00000 29 •• 000000000000000000 0.0 0000000000000000000000D00000 Conclusions 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 Acknowledgements . 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000D00000 32 References 0000000•0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000•00000 33 Appendix 1: Locations of sandstone outcrops and drilling sites 00000•00000 35 Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 369 5 INTRODU(:TION The Jotnian Satakunta sandstone, Mesopro­ Vaasjoki, 1977) is situated immediately to the terozoic (Riphean) in age, is located in western south of the sandstone and two coeval rapakivi Finland south of town Pori. The unmetamor­ stocks are present close to the northeastern flank phosed, poorly exposed sandstone covers a of the graben (Vaasjoki et aI., 1988). The 'Sub­ NW-SE trending, fault-bounded area about jotnian' diabase dykes are held to be slightly old­ 15 x 100 km 2 in size. According to Winterhalter er (c. 1650 Ma; Pihlaja, 1987) than the rapaki­ et al. (1981) and L. Bergman (1982) the sandstone vis. Both the rapakivi and the sediments are cut extends under the Gulf of Bothnia and links to­ by the 'Post-Jotnian' diabases (1260 ± 10 Ma; gether the red beds of Satakunta graben, Gavle Suominen, 1991), and the sandstone has been es­ valley and Nordingra area. timated 1300--1400 Ma old (Simonen, 1980). The term 'Jotnian' was introduced by J.J. Although detailed works concerning petrolo­ Sederholm (1897) for unmetamorphic sandstones gy, mineralogy and provenance of the Satakun­ and associated igneous rocks in the Precambri­ ta sandstone (e.g. Simonen and Kouvo, 1955; an of Fennoscandia. The Jotnian-type sediments, Marttila, 1969) are present, the depositional fea­ arkoses, siltstones, shales and conglomerates, are tures have not been investigated systematically. known to occur in some ten localities (Fig. 1). The aim of this paper is to study the All these occupy shallow basins, tectonic depres­ palaeosedimentology of the Satakunta sandstone sions or grabens bordered by fractures or fault by methods of facies analysis. Also palaeocur­ zones most of which are N'W-SE oriented. rent data from 14 localities is presented. The The Mesoproterozoic is in Satakunta repre­ grainsize variation within the sandstone was 0 b­ sented by rapakivi granite, sandstone and olivine served, not only from the outcrops but also from diabase. The Laitila rapakivi batholith (1570 Ma; 22 drill cores. 6 Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 369 o I \ " r~"- 1/ Archean rocks Rapakivi granite '::" 1'- mIIIIIII Svecokarelian rocks I:~~I Subjotnian dyke swarms [TI Sveconorwegian rocks __ Satakunta sandstone [«/J Caledonian rocks * Other Jotnian sediment localities [~ Phanerozoic platform cover D Area indicated in Fig.2 Fig. 1. Location of the Satakunta sandstone and other Jotnian occurences of the Fennoscandian Shield. Geologi cal Sur vey of Finland, Bulletin 369 7 GEOLOGICAL SETTING The bedrock of southwestern Finland is com­ rocks; the anorogenic Mesoproterozoic rapakivi posed mainly of Paleoproterozoic (Svecofennian, granites and diabases are the additional consti­ 1900-1800 Ma) felsic plutonic and supracrustal tuents (Fig. 2). 6860 6860 BOTHNIAN SEA o o to 6740 67 40 o, 1 ~1 4 1 -~ 1 5 ~-='-"41 [/1'-'1''-1 8 I ~ \ 'jjj 9 -- - 6 '-/\ 1\ Fig. 2. Geolog ical map of the Satakunta area . I = sandstone, 2 = ' Postjotnian' diabase, 3 = rapakivi, 4 = 'Subjotnian' dia­ base, 5 = migmat itic mica gneiss, 6 = metavolcanite, 7 = granite, 8 = quartz-diorit e and tonalite, 9 = diorit e, gabbro and ultrama fite. Map is simplified fro m I : 100 000 map sheets (par tly unpublished) of the Geological Map of Finland . 8 Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 369 The Svecofennian supracrustals consist mainly The Svecofennian rocks suffered a polyphase of medium-grade metamorphic mica schists and deformation. Besides the folding, major shear migmatitic mica gneisses. In places, the mica and fault zones divide the bedrock into blocks gneisses turn into high-grade metamorphic kin­ showing diverse metamorphic grades and indicat­ zigites containing garnet, cordierite and, local­ ing likely different erosional levels. The dominant ly, sillimanite. Intermediate to mafic pyroclastics direction of the Svecofennian ductile shear zones and lavas occur as interlayers within metasedi­ is I\lW-SE:. ments. The Laitila rapakivi batholith and three minor Synorogenic granodiorites, tonalites (some­ stocks (Eurajoki, Kokemaki and Reposaari) are times garnetiferous) and quartz diorites are the situated in proximity of the Satakunta sandstone. predominant plutonic rocks of the basement In addition, geophysical modelling (E10, 1976, area. SOJme variants of granodiorite contain 1982) suggests that the sandstone is underlain by microcline megacrysts. Gabbros, diorites and several kilometers of rapakivis. The olivine dia­ ultramafic rocks are restricted to some intrusive bases occur in form of sills and feeder
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Assembly, Configuration, and Break-Up History of Rodinia
    Author's personal copy Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Precambrian Research 160 (2008) 179–210 Assembly, configuration, and break-up history of Rodinia: A synthesis Z.X. Li a,g,∗, S.V. Bogdanova b, A.S. Collins c, A. Davidson d, B. De Waele a, R.E. Ernst e,f, I.C.W. Fitzsimons g, R.A. Fuck h, D.P. Gladkochub i, J. Jacobs j, K.E. Karlstrom k, S. Lu l, L.M. Natapov m, V. Pease n, S.A. Pisarevsky a, K. Thrane o, V. Vernikovsky p a Tectonics Special Research Centre, School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia b Department of Geology, Lund University, Solvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden c Continental Evolution Research Group, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia d Geological Survey of Canada (retired), 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0E8 e Ernst Geosciences, 43 Margrave Avenue, Ottawa, Canada K1T 3Y2 f Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton U., Ottawa, Canada K1S 5B6 g Tectonics Special Research Centre, Department of Applied Geology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia h Universidade de Bras´ılia, 70910-000 Bras´ılia, Brazil i Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, Lermontova Street, 128, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia j Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Allegaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway k Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northrop Hall University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA l Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, CGS, No.
    [Show full text]
  • Lithologic Description Checklist
    GY480 Field Geology Lithologic Description Checklist When describing outcrops you should attempt to determine the following at the exposure: 1. Rock name and/or Formation name (Granite, Cap Mt. Limestone member, etc.) 2. Color or color variations at outcrop (pink granite, vari-colored shale, etc.) 3. Mineralogy (estimate percentages if possible; try to distinguish between primary and secondary minerals) 4. texture: size, shape and arrangement of mineral grains (aphanitic, rhyolite porphyry, idioblastic, porphyroblastic, grain-supported, coarse sandstone, foliated granite, etc.). 5. Primary features: crossbeds, ripple marks, sole marks, igneous flow foliation, pillow basalt, vesicular basalt, etc.) Examples of well-written descriptions Sandstone (quartz arenite): white and very pale orange, weathers light brown and moderate reddish brown; very fine grained; subangular; well-sorted; laminated; locally cross-bedded; bedding thickness as much as a foot (30 cm), mostly covered with rubble; forms steep, rounded slope. Bolsa Quartzite. Granite, light gray or light pink, usually deeply weathered to light brown. Typically coarse- grained, containing large phenocrysts of pale-pink orthoclase up to 3 inches (7.6 cm) long. Coarse-grained groundmass consists of pale-pink orthoclase, chalky plagioclase (albite or andesine), quartz, and books of black biotite. Probably underlies diabase and sedimentary formations in most of the region. Ruin Granite. Schist, light to dark gray, weathers brown to greenish-brown. Comprised of a variety of types from coarse-grained quartz-sericite schist to fine-grained quartz-sericite-chlorite schist. Low- grade metamorphism greenschist facies; higher-grade occurs locally. Relict bedding of sedimentary protolith is generally recognizable in outcrop; plunging overturned tight to isoclinal folding is pervasive.
    [Show full text]
  • The Satakunta Region's Futures Exercises in Practice
    The Satakunta Region´s Futures exercises in practice Tuula Hermunen Regional Council of Satakunta FUTUREG CONFERENCE Sligo 9.10.2007 Satakunta region • Located on the West Coast of Finland • Population 230,000 – Main towns: Pori (76,200), Rauma, Ulvila, Kankaanpää, Huittinen, Eura, Kokemäki – 26 municipalities – 3 sub-regions • Area 8,300 km2 Corner Stones of the local economy • Metal Industry (Heavy engineering, offshore, automation) • Energy production • Process industry • Ports and logistics • Food industry (eg. Poultry) • Forestry industry Employment • 12,000 companies employing 54,000 workers • Unemployment 11.2% (21.7% 1995) Culture and history 2 Unesco World Heritage sites: - Old Rauma wooden town - Lappi’s Hill tomb from the Bronze Age Various music and other cultural events: - Pori Jazz - Rauma Lace Week etc. Satakunta 2035 SATAKUNTA Karvia • Objectives Honkajoki Merikarvia Siikainen Kankaanpää • The Futures Process Jämijärvi Pomarkku • Stakeholders involved Noormarkku Lavia PORI Pori Ulvila Kiikoinen • Future Tools used Luvia Nakkila Harjavalta Kokemäki • Results gained Eurajoki Kiukainen Huittinen Rauma Köyliö Lappi Kodisjoki Vampula • General thoughts Säkylä Eura Vaasa FINLAND 193 km SATAKUNTA 115 km Tampere 138 km 242 km Turku Helsinki SATAKUNTALIITTO The objectives were • to identify focus areas of major importance, • to gain insight on alternative development paths in the regionally relevant focus areas, • to rise awareness among the public about regional planning and foresight processes, • to let the public identify alternative
    [Show full text]
  • The Petroleum Potential of the Riphean–Vendian Succession of Southern East Siberia
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253369249 The petroleum potential of the Riphean–Vendian succession of southern East Siberia CHAPTER in GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS · MAY 2012 Impact Factor: 2.58 · DOI: 10.1144/SP366.1 CITATIONS READS 2 95 4 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Olga K. Bogolepova Uppsala University 51 PUBLICATIONS 271 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Alexander P. Gubanov Scandiz Research 55 PUBLICATIONS 485 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Olga K. Bogolepova Retrieved on: 08 March 2016 Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on March 25, 2013 Geological Society, London, Special Publications The petroleum potential of the Riphean-Vendian succession of southern East Siberia James P. Howard, Olga K. Bogolepova, Alexander P. Gubanov and Marcela G?mez-Pérez Geological Society, London, Special Publications 2012, v.366; p177-198. doi: 10.1144/SP366.1 Email alerting click here to receive free e-mail alerts when service new articles cite this article Permission click here to seek permission to re-use all or request part of this article Subscribe click here to subscribe to Geological Society, London, Special Publications or the Lyell Collection Notes © The Geological Society of London 2013 Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on March 25, 2013 The petroleum potential of the Riphean–Vendian succession of southern East Siberia JAMES P. HOWARD*, OLGA K. BOGOLEPOVA, ALEXANDER P. GUBANOV & MARCELA GO´ MEZ-PE´ REZ CASP, West Building, 181a Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DH, UK *Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: The Siberian Platform covers an area of c.
    [Show full text]
  • Isotopic Evidence on the Age of the Trysil Porphyries and Granites in Eastern Hedmark, Norway
    ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE ON THE AGE OF THE TRYSIL PORPHYRIES AND GRANITES IN EASTERN HEDMARK, NORWAY by H. N. A. Priem1), R. H. Verschure1), E. A. Th. Verdurmen1), E. H. Hebeda1) and N. A. I. M. Boelrijk1) Abstract. Rocks from the (sub-Jotnian) acidic plutonic and volcanic basement complexes in the Trysil area, eastern Hedmark, yield a Rb—Sr isochron age of 1 541 ±69 million years. This agrees within the limits of error with the isochrom age of 1590 ±65 million years determined for the Dala porphyries and granites in Dalarna, Sweden, which are the continuation of the acidic igneous complexes in the Trysil area. The sub-Jotnian acidic magmatism in the eastern Hedmark—Dalarna region can thus be dated at 1570 ± 40 million years ago, i.e. some 100 million years younger than the termination of the Svecofennian orogcny. (Ages computed with A. = 1.47 x 10"11 yr"1 ; errors with 95 % confidence level). Chemically, this magmatism is characterized by a granitic to alkali granitic and alkali syenitic composition. The Trysil area has also been affected by a tectonothermal event in Sveconorwegian time, about 925 million years ago, as evidenced by the Rb—Sr and K—Ar ages of separated biotites. Introduction. Studies on the geology of the Trysil area in eastern Hedmark have been published by Schiøtz (1903), Reusch (1914), Holmsen (1915), Holtedahl (1921), Dons (1960) and Holmsen et al. (1966). The Quaternary deposits were mapped by Holmsen (1958, 1960). A geo logical sketch map of the area is shown in Fig. 1 (mainly after the Geo logisk Kart over Norge, 1960).
    [Show full text]
  • Part 629 – Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms
    Title 430 – National Soil Survey Handbook Part 629 – Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms Subpart A – General Information 629.0 Definition and Purpose This glossary provides the NCSS soil survey program, soil scientists, and natural resource specialists with landform, geologic, and related terms and their definitions to— (1) Improve soil landscape description with a standard, single source landform and geologic glossary. (2) Enhance geomorphic content and clarity of soil map unit descriptions by use of accurate, defined terms. (3) Establish consistent geomorphic term usage in soil science and the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS). (4) Provide standard geomorphic definitions for databases and soil survey technical publications. (5) Train soil scientists and related professionals in soils as landscape and geomorphic entities. 629.1 Responsibilities This glossary serves as the official NCSS reference for landform, geologic, and related terms. The staff of the National Soil Survey Center, located in Lincoln, NE, is responsible for maintaining and updating this glossary. Soil Science Division staff and NCSS participants are encouraged to propose additions and changes to the glossary for use in pedon descriptions, soil map unit descriptions, and soil survey publications. The Glossary of Geology (GG, 2005) serves as a major source for many glossary terms. The American Geologic Institute (AGI) granted the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) permission (in letters dated September 11, 1985, and September 22, 1993) to use existing definitions. Sources of, and modifications to, original definitions are explained immediately below. 629.2 Definitions A. Reference Codes Sources from which definitions were taken, whole or in part, are identified by a code (e.g., GG) following each definition.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 8. Weathering, Sediment, & Soil
    Physical Geology, First University of Saskatchewan Edition is used under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 International License Read this book online at http://openpress.usask.ca/physicalgeology/ Chapter 8. Weathering, Sediment, & Soil Adapted by Karla Panchuk from Physical Geology by Steven Earle Figure 8.1 The Hoodoos, near Drumheller, Alberta, have formed from the differential weathering (weaker rock weathering faster than stronger rock) of sedimentary rock. Source: Steven Earle (2015) CC BY 4.0. Learning Objectives After reading this chapter and answering the review questions at the end, you should be able to: • Explain why rocks formed at depth in the crust are susceptible to weathering at the surface. • Describe the main processes of mechanical weathering, and the materials that are produced. • Describe the main processes of chemical weathering, and common chemical weathering products. • Explain the characteristics used to describe sediments, and what those characteristics can tell us about the origins of the sediments. • Discuss the relationships between weathering and soil formation, and the origins of soil horizons. • Describe and explain the distribution of Canadian soil types. • Explain how changing weathering rates affect the carbon cycle and the climate system. Chapter 8. Weathering, Sediment, & Soil 1 What Is Weathering? Weathering occurs when rock is exposed to the “weather” — to the forces and conditions that exist at Earth’s surface. Rocks that form deep within Earth experience relatively constant temperature, high pressure, have no contact with the atmosphere, and little or no interaction with moving water. Once overlying layers are eroded away and a rock is exposed at the surface, conditions change dramatically.
    [Show full text]
  • The World's Oldest Micrometeorites in the Mesoproterozoic Satakunta
    62nd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting 5088.pdf THE WORLD’S OLDEST MICROMETEORITES IN THE MESOPROTEROZOIC SATAKUNTA FORMATION, FINLAND - SEDIMENTOLOGY OF THE HOST ROCKS. D. Kettrup1, P. Pihlaja2, A. Deutsch1 and L. Pesonen2, 1Institut fuer Planetologie, University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, D- 48149 Muenster, Germany ([email protected]), 2Geological Survey of Finland, FIN-02150 Espoo, Fin- land. Problem and research concept: The approxi- sandy mudstone/siltstone. Main components are mately 1.4 Ga (Mesoproterozoic) old Satakunta For- quartz and K-feldspar (microcline), rock fragments, mation in SW Finland contains the world’s oldest muscovite, biotite and chlorite. Overall, the minera- micrometeorites [1,2]. So far, more than 50 fossil logical and chemical features of the Satakunta Forma- cosmic spherules have been recovered from the Sata- tion correspond to normal arkose suites of different kunta red beds. Mineralogical, textural and chemical geological ages [5]. features, amongst them Cr/Fe, Co/Fe, Ni/Fe, and Ir/Fe Lithification of the sandstones results mainly from ratios, indicate the presence of various spherule types two different effects. Most frequent are cements of and sub-types [2,3]. The spherules are unaltered and authigenetic quartz, micas and K-feldspar. Bounding match in their properties cosmic material from, e.g., of sand grains by clay minerals are the second type. the Greenland ice shield [3]. It is fundamental to un- The spherule-containing samples do not display derstand why the Satakunta micrometeorites are in specific sedimentological characteristics and appar- such an excellent state of preservation. Processes ently lack common features. which play a key role in this context are (i) sedimen- Discussion: The Satakunta Formation was depos- tation, and (ii) lithification.
    [Show full text]
  • Tectonic Regimes in the Baltic Shield During the Last 1200 Ma • a Review
    Tectonic regimes in the Baltic Shield during the last 1200 Ma • A review Sven Åke Larsson ' ', Bva-L^na Tuliborq- 1 Department of Geology Chalmers University of Technology/Göteborij U^vjrsivy 2 Terralogica AB November 1993 TECTONIC REGIMES IN THE BALTIC SHIELD DURING THE LAST 1200 Ma - A REVIEW Sven Åke Larsson12, Eva-Lena Tullborg2 1 Department of Geology, Chalmers University of Technology/Göteborg University 2 Terralogica AB November 1993 This report concerns a study which was conducted for SKB. The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily coincide with those of the client. Information on SKB technical reports from 1977-1978 (TR 121), 1979 (TR 79-28), 1980 (TR 80-26), 1981 (TR 81-17), 1982 (TR 82-28), 1983 (TR 83-77), 1984 (TR 85-01), 1985 (TR 85-20), 1986 (TR 86-31), 1987 (TR 87-33), 1988 (TR 88-32),. 1989 (TR 89-40), 1990 (TR 90-46), 1991 (TR 91-64) and 1992 (TR 92-46) is available through SKB. ) TECTONIC REGIMES IN THE BALTIC SHIELD DURING THE LAST 1200 Ma - A REVIEW by Sven Åke Larson and Eva-Lena Tullborg Department of Geology, Chalmers University of Technology / Göteborg University & Terralogica AB Gråbo, November, 1993 Keywords: Baltic shield, Tectonicregimes. Upper Protero/.oic, Phanerozoic, Mag- matism. Sedimentation. Erosion. Metamorphism, Continental drift. Stress regimes. , ABSTRACT 1 his report is a review about tectonic regimes in the Baltic (Fennoscandian) Shield from the Sveeonorwegian (1.2 Ga ago) to the present. It also covers what is known about palaeostress during this period, which was chosen to include both orogenic and anorogenic events.
    [Show full text]
  • Collision Orogeny
    Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on October 6, 2021 PROCESSES OF COLLISION OROGENY Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on October 6, 2021 Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on October 6, 2021 Shortening of continental lithosphere: the neotectonics of Eastern Anatolia a young collision zone J.F. Dewey, M.R. Hempton, W.S.F. Kidd, F. Saroglu & A.M.C. ~eng6r SUMMARY: We use the tectonics of Eastern Anatolia to exemplify many of the different aspects of collision tectonics, namely the formation of plateaux, thrust belts, foreland flexures, widespread foreland/hinterland deformation zones and orogenic collapse/distension zones. Eastern Anatolia is a 2 km high plateau bounded to the S by the southward-verging Bitlis Thrust Zone and to the N by the Pontide/Minor Caucasus Zone. It has developed as the surface expression of a zone of progressively thickening crust beginning about 12 Ma in the medial Miocene and has resulted from the squeezing and shortening of Eastern Anatolia between the Arabian and European Plates following the Serravallian demise of the last oceanic or quasi- oceanic tract between Arabia and Eurasia. Thickening of the crust to about 52 km has been accompanied by major strike-slip faulting on the rightqateral N Anatolian Transform Fault (NATF) and the left-lateral E Anatolian Transform Fault (EATF) which approximately bound an Anatolian Wedge that is being driven westwards to override the oceanic lithosphere of the Mediterranean along subduction zones from Cephalonia to Crete, and Rhodes to Cyprus. This neotectonic regime began about 12 Ma in Late Serravallian times with uplift from wide- spread littoral/neritic marine conditions to open seasonal wooded savanna with coiluvial, fluvial and limnic environments, and the deposition of the thick Tortonian Kythrean Flysch in the Eastern Mediterranean.
    [Show full text]
  • Media Information 2021: Total TV Television Advertising: MTV3, Sub, AVA, C More Pay Tv Channels, Regional Advertising
    Media information 2021: Total TV Television advertising: MTV3, Sub, AVA, C More pay tv channels, regional advertising Video advertising, instream and outstream :mtv.fi, mtvuutiset.fi 1 Total TV: Television advertising Targeted RBS buying Define the correct target group for your brand and the number of contacts you want to reach in different dayparts, and we'll take care of rest. With targeted RBS buying, you will always receive a contact guarantee, whereby you only pay for the guaranteed contacts you want. In targeted RBS buying, commercials float during the campaign period, which means the final number of showings, placements and specific days cannot be predetermined for the campaign. In channel MTV3's prime time there are certain programs seasonally reserved for program-specific buying method only. Price In targeted buying, national daypart-specific CPT and CPP prices are determined for each target group. The prices in the targeted RBS buying price list are gross prices for 30 seconds with seasonal index 100. For seasonal indexes, see p. 26 Contact guarantee In targeted RBS buying you pay only for the contacts you buy, and we guarantee that they are reached. MTV Oy is responsible for the final placement of the spots so that the number of purchased contacts in the selected target groups is reached. Media products of targeted RBS buying Break connection Break connection means placing two different commercials from the same customer in the same commercial break. The order of showings can be defined freely. Break connection is granted without additional cost. The commercials get a shared contact guarantee.
    [Show full text]
  • Deep Structure, Tectonics and Petroleum Potential of the Western Sector of the Russian Arctic
    Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Article Deep Structure, Tectonics and Petroleum Potential of the Western Sector of the Russian Arctic Alexey S. Egorov 1, Oleg M. Prischepa 2, Yury V. Nefedov 2,* , Vladimir A. Kontorovich 3 and Ilya Y. Vinokurov 4 1 The Faculty of Geology, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Saint-Petersburg Mining University, 199106 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; [email protected] 2 Oil and Gas Geology Department, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education, Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-199106 Petersburg, Russia; [email protected] 3 Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science, The Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; [email protected] 4 Deep Geophysics Department, Russian Geological Research Institute, 199106 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +7-911-230-56-36 Abstract: The evolutionary-genetic method, whereby modern sedimentary basins are interpreted as end-products of a long geological evolution of a system of conjugate palaeo-basins, enables the assessment of the petroleum potential of the Western sector of the Russian Arctic. Modern basins in this region contain relics of palaeo-basins of a certain tectonotype formed in varying geodynamic regimes. Petroleum potential estimates of the Western Arctic vary broadly—from 34.7 to more than 100 billion tons of oil equivalent with the share of liquid hydrocarbons from 5.3 to 13.4 billion tons of oil equivalent. At each stage of the development of palaeo-basins, favourable geological, geochemical and thermobaric conditions have emerged and determined the processes of oil and gas formation, Citation: Egorov, A.S.; Prischepa, migration, accumulation, and subsequent redistribution between different complexes.
    [Show full text]