Museum of Comparative ZOOLOGY ANNUAL REPORT Harvard University

2013–2014

Annual Report 2013–2014 4 Director’s Message

It is impossible to be a productive naturalist in this country without money. I am going to get some money if I can and then I will be a naturalist. —Alexander Agassiz

These words, spoken over a century ago The MCZ sadly lost two emeritus faculty by former MCZ director and son of MCZ’s this year, Kenneth J. Boss and Herbert founder Louis Agassiz, still ring true Walter Levi. Ken spent nearly his entire today. Contemporary scientific research professional career at the MCZ, curating is expensive, and students, postdoctoral the Museum’s enormous mollusk fellows, and faculty spend much of their collection for more than 30 years. Herb time applying for grants and other means is widely regarded as one of the grand of funding their work. We in the MCZ are arachnologists of the 20th century. Both fortunate to be able to sponsor several Ken and Herb trained generations of competitive grant programs, which are zoologists who became leaders in their highlighted in the opening pages of this respective fields. While they will truly be report. The MCZ has awarded an average missed among the specimen cabinets of $150,000 per year, and these funds and halls of the MCZ, their impact will have been used to support both field trips be enduring.

and laboratory work by MCZ personnel Catherine Weisel The MCZ continues to make steady and to enable non-Harvard scientists to progress transitioning into the third visit collections at the MCZ and other phase of our migration of several institutions. Our newest program, the Farish collections into the Northwest Building. A. Jenkins, Jr. Memorial Fund to support Malacology and Ornithology, as well as student fieldwork, is made possible through portions of Marine Invertebrates and the generous contributions of Farish’s Invertebrate Zoology, joined Mammalogy family, friends and colleagues. I am deeply in the new state-of-the-art collections, grateful to those individuals who have made lab and teaching space. Invertebrate these sources of funding available. Paleontology is the next collection slated to Last year, we introduced our newest faculty- move. While we provide a short update in curator, Dr. Stephanie E. Pierce. Stephanie the enclosed report, I’m looking forward arrived on campus this past summer and is to sharing more details about this immense in the process of establishing her lab. I am undertaking—and accomplishment—in a very pleased to announce that, following future annual report. Stephanie’s successful recruitment, we All of the work highlighted in this have hired another new faculty-curator, report would not be possible without the Mansi Srivastava, AB, PhD. Mansi, who will tremendous efforts of our faculty-curators, formally join the MCZ in summer 2015 staff, postdoctoral fellows, and students. Cover photo credits: as Assistant Professor of Organismic and Top, left to right: Thomas Dai; MCZ I am thankful for their contributions to Evolutionary Biology, will share curatorial Entomology Collection; George making the MCZ a successful and respected Lauder; Julianne Pelaez; Gonzalo responsibilities for our invertebrate institution year after year. Giribet collections. Her research examines the Bottom, left to right: Gonzalo Giribet; evolution of regeneration in animals, Jonathan Woodward; Stephanie including underlying molecular and James Hanken Mitchell, Harvard University News Office; Bridget Irvine; Jonathan developmental mechanisms. I look forward Director Woodward to introducing Mansi and her research Opposite page: MCZ Special more extensively in the next annual report. Collections

Annual Report 2013–2014 1 Graduate student Zachary Lewis (Hanken “Putnam grants have allowed me to explore Supporting Vital Scientific Research lab) received a Miyata grant in 2012 and a and collect in the many terrains of the former and tudent raining Goelet award in 2013. His research focuses supercontinent and have contributed to some S T on evolutionary and developmental patterns of my best-cited papers and most exciting The Museum of Comparative Zoology is proud to offer grants that enable of lung and heart development. The Goelet biogeographic discoveries,” says award made it possible for Lewis to collect Giribet. “But most importantly, scientific research, an important part of our teaching and research missions. lungless salamander embryos in the field, and the grants have provided the Miyata grant supported the collection of resources for the PhD work of studies. Several GUR grant recipients have Hemidactylium scutatum embryos on Cape Cod. three stellar graduate students. gone on to receive Harvard University’s They will always remember the Thomas T. Hoopes Prize, which recognizes Putnam Expedition Grants have taken generosity and the opportunities outstanding scholarly work by students. MCZ faculty, postdoctoral researchers and provided by their Putnam Tanner Strickland (Losos lab) investigated students on collecting expeditions around expedition grants.” the relationship between environmental and the globe. The program, made possible by morphological variation in the large-headed gifts from MCZ Faculty member Mr. George The MCZ’s collections anchor anole, Anolis cybotes. “With my GUR, I was Putnam, Jr., AB 1949 and MBA 1951, and Mrs. the Museum’s mission to serve able to sequence genes that illuminated the Nancy Putnam, was established to assist with as a teaching and research dynamic inter-island relationships of one travel expenses incurred in the collection of institution. Ernst Mayr Travel lizard species across a number of Caribbean specimens and data relating to the study of Grants, made possible by a islands,” says Strickland. comparative zoology; the specimens collected gift from renowned systematist on these expeditions are subsequently added Ernst Mayr, former Professor

Robert Cooke to the MCZ’s collections. Preference is given of Zoology and Director of Gonzalo Giribet in Chile Zachary Lewis (center) with Prof. to projects that acquire living specimens in the MCZ, facilitate short visits to museum MCZ grants are available for research Jim Hanken and members of regions where habitats are threatened and collections for researchers around the world the Hanken lab on a collecting performed in the lab, in the field, and with for collecting fossil specimens in regions most at every stage of their careers. The principal expedition on Cape Cod museum collections. Approximately $150,000 likely to hold important clues for unraveling objective of these grants is to stimulate is awarded each year, and these funds evolutionary strategies. taxonomic work on neglected taxa; they are provide essential support for researchers particularly designed for scientists who might at many stages of their careers, including Since 2000, Gonzalo Giribet has received otherwise have difficulty in obtaining access to undergraduate and graduate students, several Putnam grants that have taken him to museum specimens that are necessary for their postdoctoral researchers, faculty at the MCZ New Zealand, Australia, Sri Lanka and South research. While preference is given to studies and Harvard, and scientists around the world. Africa. Most recently he has been examining that use the MCZ’s collections, applications to Grants in Aid of Undergraduate Research Tanner Strickland work at other museums are also eligible. (GUR), funded by the Myvanwy M. and George M. Dick Scholarship Fund for Science Susan Drymala, a graduate student from Students, support faculty-supervised research Graduate students in MCZ faculty-curator labs North Carolina State University, received an by Harvard College undergraduates. Projects are eligible for Robert G. Goelet Summer Ernst Mayr Travel Grant in spring 2013. By in any subject area are eligible for support, Research Awards and Miyata Grants. Funded observing fossil specimens at the MCZ and although priority is given to those that utilize through gifts from MCZ Faculty member three other institutions, she was able to gather MCZ research collections, laboratories and Mr. Robert G. Goelet and Mrs. Alexandra important data for her master’s thesis, which facilities, as well as related fieldwork. Recently, Goelet, Goelet Awards support travel to field involves improving phylogenetic analyses sites and related expenses. The Miyata Grants and understanding of paracrocodylomorph the Harvard University Herbaria and Arnold Gonzalo Giribet Arboretum joined the MCZ in funding program was established in 2008 through gifts reptiles. “With my Ernst Mayr Grant, I was GURs that support projects in plant biology, from MCZ Faculty member Dr. Barbara Wu, soil invertebrates in Chile. Prof. Giribet able to clarify relationships at the origin of including those that utilize the Arboretum’s PhD 1981, and Mr. Eric Larson, AB 1977, in plans to amass a comprehensive collection Crocodylomorpha, revealing trends in body size living collections. commemoration of their friend Dr. Kenneth of harvestmen, centipedes and velvet worms and bauplan evolution across a key transition in Miyata, PhD 1980. Miyata grants are intended from the highly fragmented temperate forests early archosaur evolution,” says Drymala. She Students are particularly encouraged to of Chile and further his ongoing projects on was also able to conduct close examination of

to defray field research costs for graduate Jessica Cundiff

Gonzalo Giribet apply for funding that facilitates senior Gondwanan biogeography to test hypotheses taxa closely related to a new fossil species she is students, primarily in the field of herpetology. Specimen of Saurosuchus galilei honors theses or associated preliminary of landmass breakup and submersion. describing, adding to the phylogenetic analysis. examined by Susan Drymala

2 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 3 FACULTY-CURATORS

aculty urators MCZ F -C James Hanken Professor of Biology Andrew A. Biewener Alexander Agassiz Professor Charles P. Lyman Professor of Biology of Zoology Director, Concord Field Station Curator of Herpetology MCZ Director Prof. Biewener’s research focuses on understanding the biomechanics, neuromuscular Prof. Hanken’s research focuses on the evolutionary

control and energetics of animal movement on Gretchen Ertl land and in the air. morphology, development and systematics of vertebrates, especially amphibians. Current interests Hopi E. Hoekstra His goal is to understand general principles that include the evolution of cranial form and patterning; govern the biomechanical and physiological Professor of Organismic & the developmental basis of life-history evolution; Evolutionary Biology design of vertebrate animals related to their systematics, taxonomy and evolution of Neotropical movement in natural environments. Professor of Molecular & Cellular Biology salamanders; and biodiversity informatics. Over Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology the years, his laboratory has conducted extensive Curator of Mammalogy fieldwork in Africa, Asia, and Central and South Howard Hughes Medical Institute America. The lab also maintains captive breeding colonies of numerous amphibian species. Investigator Scott V. Edwards Harvard College Professor Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology Prof. Hanken is a member of the Executive Committee of the Encyclopedia of Life Prof. Hoekstra combines field and Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology and until recently served on the Board of Directors of the Natural Science Collections laboratory work to understand Curator of Ornithology Alliance and of the American Institute of Biological Sciences. He is Past-president of both the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists and the International the evolution of mammalian Prof. Edwards’ research focuses on the evolutionary biology of birds and Society of Vertebrate Morphologists; former Chair, International Board of Directors, of diversity from morphology to related species, combining field, museum and genomics approaches to the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force; and former Co-chair of the Scientific behavior. Her research focuses understand the basis of avian diversity, evolution and behavior. Current projects Advisory Board of the Consortium for the Barcode of Life. on the genetic basis of adaptive utilize genomics technologies to study comparative genomics and the evolution variation—identifying both the of flightlessness in birds; phylogeography and speciation of Australian and He is also a member of the Biological Sciences in Dental Medicine Program, Harvard ultimate causes and the proximate North American birds; and the genomics of host-parasite co-evolution between School of Dental Medicine, and a faculty member of the Center for Health and the mechanisms responsible for traits

Rose Lincoln house finches and a recently acquired bacterial pathogen,Mycoplasma . Global Environment, Harvard School of Public Health. He has authored more than 120 that help organisms survive and scientific publications, edited four books, and is an accomplished nature and scientific reproduce in the wild. Research photographer. in the Hoekstra lab integrates Brian D. Farrell Gonzalo Giribet ecological, behavioral, genetic Professor of Biology Professor of Organismic & and molecular approaches. Curator of Entomology Evolutionary Biology Director, David Alexander Agassiz Rockefeller Center for Professor of Zoology George V. Lauder Jonathan B. Losos Latin American Studies Curator of Invertebrate Professor of Biology Professor of Organismic & Zoology Henry Bryant Bigelow Evolutionary Biology Prof. Farrell’s research Professor of Ichthyology Monique & Philip Lehner Professor is broadly concerned Prof. Giribet’s primary Curator of Ichthyology for the Study of Latin America with the evolution of research focuses on the Curator of Herpetology ecological interactions evolution, systematics and Prof. Lauder’s research between host plants biogeography of invertebrate focuses on the Prof. Losos’ research focuses on and animals and animals, including the use biomechanics of fishes the behavioral and evolutionary their parasites, such of morphology and next- and the development ecology of lizards, specifically © Casey Dunn as insects and other generation sequencing of robotic models how lizards interact with tiny consumers. His techniques. Current projects in the Giribet lab include for studying aquatic their environment and how Stephanie Mitchell current projects multidisciplinary studies for Assembling the Bivalve Tree Stephanie Mitchell locomotion. His lizard clades have diversified include applying next generation sequencing to of Life; the diversity of Neotropical and Gondwanan current studies focus evolutionarily. His laboratory Rose Lincoln speciation and phylogenetic studies of associated species; arachnids; and systematics and biogeography of arthropods, on the function of shark skin and other surface structures, integrates approaches from documenting biodiversity in the Dominican Republic; mollusks, platyhelminthes and onychophorans. He is also the role of flexibility in improving the efficiency of aquatic systematics, ecology, behavior, genetics and repatriating digital information from scientific interested in philosophical aspects of DNA sequence data propulsion and how fishes control body and fin position and functional morphology, taking both specimens of insects and fossils in museums to their analysis, emphasizing homology-related issues and the use of as they maneuver through obstacles. Additional broad observational and experimental approaches in countries of origin. genomic-level data for inferring phylogenies. interests include biological fluid mechanics and theoretical the field and in the laboratory. approaches to the analysis of form and function in organisms.

4 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 5 FACULTY-CURATORS EMERITI

MCZ Emeriti

In Memoriam: Kenneth J. Boss In Memoriam: Herbert W. Levi Kenneth Jay Boss, Professor of Herbert Walter Levi, Alexander Biology, Emeritus, and retired Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Curator of Malacology, passed Emeritus, and retired Curator of away on May 22, 2014. Prof. Arachnology, passed away on Boss was hired in 1966 during November 3, 2014. Considered one Ernst Mayr’s tenure as Director of the grand arachnologists of the of the MCZ and curated MCZ’s 20th century, Prof. Levi’s research vast mollusk collection until his focused on the taxonomy of New retirement in 2004. He regularly World orb-weaving spiders of the taught three courses, including family Araneidae. He wrote numerous the introductory course, Biology of Invertebrates. articles and taxonomic monographs, as well as the popular guide Spiders and Their Kin, which he co-authored with Kris Snibbe Jon Chase Prof. Boss’s research focused on the systematics his wife, Lorna. His research enabled the identification of of mollusks, especially the speciose and 1,500 species in 66 genera in the Americas, and several James J. McCarthy Naomi E. Pierce ecologically important bivalve families Tellinidae and species of arachnids are named in his honor. Perhaps Professor of Biological Oceanography Sidney A. & John Hessel Professor of Biology Vesicomyidae. His most widely cited publication Levi’s greatest contribution to the field of arachnology is Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Oceanography Curator of Entomology was the 225-page treatment of the Mollusca in the the generation of arachnologists he supervised, many of Acting Curator of Malacology Prof. Pierce’s primary research focuses on the behavioral Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms whom have become world leaders in the field. Prof. McCarthy’s research focuses on factors that regulate ecology of species interactions, particularly cooperative (1982), which provided detailed diagnoses for the the processes of primary production and nutrient supply in interactions between plants and their pollinators, and 8 classes, 44 orders and 528 families of mollusks and Prof. Levi was an editorial board member for the Journal the ocean. symbioses between ants and many different organisms, reviewed the higher-level classification of the entire of Arachnology and an elected honorary member of the including bacteria, fungi, plants and caterpillars of butterflies phylum. Prof. Boss contributed extensively to the American Arachnological Society. He served as president of Through controlled laboratory studies and field in the family Lycaenidae. Prof. Pierce is interested in how Occasional Papers on Mollusks and formerly served the International Society of Arachnology and, in 2007, won investigations, Prof. McCarthy and his group examine the species associations such as parasitism and mutualism as editor for Breviora and the Bulletin of the Museum the ISA’s Eugene Simon Award for lifetime achievement for effects of strong seasonal or interannual climate change on influence the evolutionary trajectories of each partner. of Comparative Zoology. his immense influence on spider research. marine life and biogeochemical systems.

Stephanie E. Pierce A. W. “Fuzz” Crompton Richard C. Lewontin Assistant Professor Faculty-Curator, Emeritus Professor of Biology, Emeritus of Organismic & Fisher Professor of Natural History, Emeritus Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus Evolutionary Biology Curator of Vertebrate Prof. Crompton, former Curator of Mammalogy, was the An evolutionary geneticist, Prof. Lewontin pioneered Paleontology Director of the MCZ from 1970 to 1982 and the former the field of molecular population genetics by merging Director of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale molecular biology and evolutionary theory, as well as Prof. Pierce’s University, and the South African Museum, Capetown. His the philosophical and social implications of genetics and research is focused primary research interests are the origin and evolution of evolutionary theory. Prof. Lewontin’s current research on assessing the mammals, functional anatomy, neural control and evolution involves computer simulation and evaluation of statistical link between form of feeding in recent and fossil vertebrates. Prof. Crompton tests for selection. Among his many books are The Genetic and function of received two Guggenheim fellowships for his research on Basis of Evolutionary Change; Biology as Ideology: the Doctrine the vertebrate vertebrate paleontology and functional morphology and in of DNA; Human Diversity; and The Triple Helix: Gene skeletal system—

Jean-Francois Bertrand 2011 received the Romer-Simpson Medal from the Society of Organism and Environment. especially with Vertebrate Paleontology. respect to muscle/ Robert M. Woollacott skeletal interactions Professor of Biology Edward O. Wilson during feeding and Curator of Marine Invertebrates Honorary Curator in Entomology locomotor behaviors in modern and extinct animals. Prof. Woollacott’s research focuses on aspects of marine Pellegrino University Professor, Emeritus Recently, she has been using 3-D modeling to examine the invertebrate life history, such as synchronization of Prof. Wilson is considered the founder of sociobiology and evolutionary psychology and has developed the basis locomotion of the earliest limbed vertebrates to decipher reproductive events and ecology and physiology of larvae. of modern biodiversity conservation. He has received many of the world’s leading prizes in recognition of his how their skeletal systems evolved as they made the transition Topics of particular interest include larval dispersal and research and environmental activism. He was awarded two Pulitzer Prizes for his books The Ants (1990, with Bert from water to land. population connectivity, as well as human impacts on the Hölldobler) and On Human Nature (1978). Prof. Wilson received the TED Prize in 2007, where he articulated the distribution of marine organisms. concept of the Encyclopedia of Life, and the National Geographic Society’s Hubbard Medal in 2013.

6 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 7 COURSES

Courses in 2013–2014 Led by MCZ Faculty-Curators

Organismic and Evolutionary OEB 121a & Human Evolutionary OEB 181: Systematics (undergraduate and graduate) Biology Biology 1210: Research in Comparative Gonzalo Giribet Biomechanics Seminar (undergraduate Introduces theory and practice of systematics, emphasizing OEB 10: Foundations of Biological and graduate) issues associated with homology statements and Diversity (undergraduate) Andrew A. Biewener, George V. Lauder alignments, methods of tree reconstruction and hypothesis Brian D. Farrell (and Elena M. Kramer, Andrew (and Stacey A. Combes, Daniel E. Lieberman, evaluation. Richardson) Anna G. Warrener) An integrated approach to the diversity of Introduction to experimental techniques OEB 234: Topics in Marine Biology (graduate) life, emphasizing how chemical, physical, used to investigate the structure and Robert M. Woollacott genetic, ecological and geologic processes physiology of vertebrates, where each Examines human impacts on marine life and ecosystems of contribute to the origin and maintenance instructor offers research projects that are the sea. of biological diversity. undertaken in their laboratory. OEB 258: Adaptive Radiation and Macroevolution OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of OEB 155r: Biology of Insects (graduate) Invertebrate Animals (undergraduate) (undergraduate and graduate) Jonathan B. Losos Gonzalo Giribet Naomi E. Pierce (and Michael R. Canfield) A critical examination of the concepts and methods related Introduction to invertebrate diversity, with Introduction to the major groups to the study of adaptive radiation and macroevolutionary Zachary Lewis special emphasis on the broad diversity of of insects—life history, morphology, diversification. OEB 167: Herpetology

Catherine Weisel animal forms, their adaptations to different physiology and ecology—through a ecosystems and how these phenomena Graduate Courses of OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of combination of lecture, lab and field Invertebrate Animals shape animal evolution. exercises. Reading and Research OEB 307: Biomechanics, Physiology and OEB 325: Marine Biology OEB 57: Animal Behavior (undergraduate) OEB 157: Global Change Biology Naomi E. Pierce (and Bence P. Olveczky) Musculoskeletal Biology Robert M. Woollacott (undergraduate and graduate) Andrew A. Biewener A review of the behavior of animals under James J. McCarthy (and Paul R. Moorcroft) natural conditions, with emphasis on both OEB 334: Behavioral Ecology Examines how natural and anthropogenic OEB 310: Metazoan Systematics Naomi E. Pierce mechanistic and evolutionary approaches. changes in the Earth system are affecting OEB 155r: Biology of Insects Gonzalo Giribet the composition and the functioning of the OEB 341: Coevolution world’s land and ocean ecosystems. OEB 320: Biomechanics and Evolution of Vertebrates Brian D. Farrell George V. Lauder OEB 167: Herpetology (undergraduate and OEB 345: Biological Oceanography graduate) James J. McCarthy James Hanken, Jonathan B. Losos Introduction to the biology of OEB 355: Evolutionary Developmental Biology amphibians and reptiles. Lectures and James Hanken laboratories examine the morphology, systematics, natural history, behavior, OEB 362: Research in Molecular Evolution ecology, evolutionary relationships and Scott V. Edwards biogeography of all major taxa.

OEB 173: Comparative Biomechanics OEB 367: Evolutionary (undergraduate and graduate) and Ecological Diversity Andrew A. Biewener (and Stacey A. Combes) Jonathan B. Losos Explores how animals and plants contend with their physical environment, OEB 370: Mammalian considering their biomaterial properties, Evolutionary Genetics structural form and mechanical Hopi E. Hoekstra interactions with the environment.

OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals Thomas Dai Gonzalo Giribet

8 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 9 COURSES COURSES

General Education Harvard Extension School and Harvard Science of Living Systems 22: Human Influence on Life in Summer School the Sea (undergraduate) BIOS E-225: Human Impacts on Marine Organisms and Robert M. Woollacott, James J. McCarthy Ecosystems Over-harvested fish stocks, pollution and anthropogenic Robert M. Woollacott climate change affect the stability and productivity of Examines how anthropogenically driven events are marine ecosystems. This course asks what we need to know impacting the structure and function of marine about the causes and effects of anthropogenic change to communities. best protect marine ecosystems and ensure sustainable harvests from the sea. BIOS S-74: Marine Life and Ecosystems of the Sea Robert M. Woollacott A review of the life history and adaptations of marine life and the ecosystems of the sea, with emphasis on understanding the fragility and resilience of marine systems in the face of anthropogenically driven perturbations. BIOS S-158: Study Abroad: Biodiversity of the Dominican Republic Brian D. Farrell Explores the interplay of ecological niches and

Gonzalo Giribet evolutionary diversification in the organisms and OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of habitats of a tropical island as a microcosm of the Invertebrate Animals Environmental Science and Freshman Seminar evolution of biodiversity on Earth. Public Policy FRSEMR 22t: Why We Animals Sing ESPP 90j: Environmental Crises, Brian D. Farrell Climate Change and Population Flight Investigates the sounds and structures (undergraduate) of different kinds of acoustic animals— James J. McCarthy (and Jennifer Leaning) including birds, mammals, frogs and MCZ History insects—and the different kinds of habitats Explores the consequences of population MCZ’s past, present and future were never more in which they produce their songs and calls. flight due to war, drought and famine in closely aligned than in the past year, when the which climate change is a contributing Museum received a new copper roof. For it was factor. Examines the extent and permanence Life Sciences copper to which Alexander Agassiz, son of MCZ’s of environmental destruction wrought by LIFESCI 1b: An Integrated Introduction to founder Louis Agassiz, owed his vast fortune, which these crises, people’s attachment to their the Life Sciences: Genetics, Genomics and to this day supports most of the Museum’s activities. homes and ecosystems, the circumstances of Evolution (undergraduate) As Alexander Agassiz wrote to a friend in 1867, “I am departure, the destinations of refuge, and Hopi E. Hoekstra (and Maryellen Ruvolo, going to Michigan for some years as a superintendent the possibilities for return. Kevin C. Eggan, Pardis Sabeti) of the Calumet and Hecla Mines. I want to make OEB 167: Herpetology Demonstrates how genetics and evolution money; it is impossible to be a productive naturalist are intimately related using an integrated in this country without money. I am going to get approach, explaining the patterns of some money if I can and then I will be a naturalist. If I genetic variation we see in nature and how succeed, I can then get my own papers and drawings genomics can be used to analyze variation. printed and help my father at the Museum.” By the LIFESCI 2: Evolutionary Human 1870s, Agassiz’s mines were responsible for nearly Physiology and Anatomy (undergraduate) half of all copper produced in the U.S. George V. Lauder (and Peter T. Ellison, The original slate roof was replaced with copper Daniel E. Lieberman) in the early 1900s, by which time Alexander had Explores human anatomy and physiology succeeded his father as the Museum’s second from an integrated framework, combining director. Although major repairs were made in the functional, comparative and evolutionary 1960s, the first copper roof effectively shielded perspectives on how organisms work. the MCZ for more than 100 years. Almost all of the old copper that was removed during the recent

installation will be recycled into new copper sheets. Perry and Radford Architects Zachary Lewis

10 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 11 COLLECTIONS COLLECTIONS

Highlights from the Collections Restoring the Sparkle to the Blaschka Glass Animals Ichthyology Obtains White Shark In the 1870s and 1880s, Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka, the father and son creators of In 2012, a fishing boat off the coast of California inadvertently Harvard’s Glass Flowers, meticulously shaped lifelike glass models of marine animals. snared a young white shark (Carcharodon charcharias). The one- Renowned for their beauty and exacting detail, the Blaschka models were widely used as year-old shark was brought to the Monterey Bay Aquarium and teaching models since marine invertebrates, when preserved in spirits, rapidly lost their then sent to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution where color and form. To craft the glass animals, the Blaschkas used small alcohol lamps to a full-body CT scan was made of the 5-foot, 94-pound specimen. mold glass rods, tubes and minute pieces of glass, which they later painted. After the shark was moved to the University of Massachusetts, Karsten Hartel, Curatorial Associate, and Andrew Williston, A new exhibition at the Harvard Museum of Curatorial Assistant, in the MCZ’s Ichthyology collection, Natural History, Sea Creatures in Glass, is the worked with colleagues to obtain tissue samples for DNA plus culmination of the effort to curate, clean scale and skin samples for morphology before preserving the and repair MCZ’s collection of 430 Blaschka shark in formalin and moving it to the MCZ in February 2014. invertebrate models. Restorer Elizabeth Brill worked on the models over an eight-year MCZ’s Ichthyology collection contains 3,350 shark specimens. Catherine Weisel period. Brill cleaned and reassembled the The new white shark is only the third alcohol-preserved George V. Lauder (left) with the models—some of which have more than a specimen of the species in the collection and the first that is fully intact. Because the new white shark and members of hundred parts—and replaced the failed animal- Ichthyology Department has several new oversized stainless-steel tanks that can hold fish the Ichthyology Department

hide glue with reversible, archival adhesive. Jonathan Woodward up to eight feet in length, one of their goals has been to obtain this kind of large, rare specimen. “Sea Creatures in Glass is a permanent exhibition, but the models will change over time,” says Linda S. Ford, Director of Collections Sharks figure significantly in the work of George V. Lauder, Curator of Ichthyology. Operations in the MCZ. “Rotating the selection will allow the public to see a greater variety “Analysis of this new white shark will provide an invaluable contribution to our research,” of the animal models while also preventing prolonged exposure to light and vibrations says Prof. Lauder, “and its size makes it easy to handle for student demonstrations. We’ll be while on display, which can degrade them.” Support for Sea Creatures in Glass and the performing genetic studies on the tissue samples, analyzing the shape and structure of the ongoing restoration was made possible by a generous gift in memory of Melvin R. Seiden, surface scales as part of our work on artificial shark skins, and studying the structure of the AB 1952, LLB 1955. More information on the exhibition can be found on page 19. tail muscles as part of our research on how fish move through the water.”

Collections Move to the Northwest Building The MCZ’s dry collections continued to move into upgraded, climate-controlled storage Alfred S. Romer’s Medals Find a New Home at the MCZ facilities in the Northwest Building. Ornithology, Malacology, Invertebrate Zoology and In September 2013, seven medals awarded to Alfred Sherwood Romer were Marine Invertebrates completed their relocations in late 2013 and the spring of 2014. donated to the MCZ on behalf of the Romer family by his son Robert H. Romer, Professor of Physics, Emeritus, Amherst College. MCZ’s Ornithology collection consists of nearly 400,000 specimens. At least 330,000 of these are bird skin specimens, 12,000 are skeletons and 40,000 eggs or nests. “The Dr. Romer (1894–1973) was a dominant figure in vertebrate paleontology department made a monumental effort to prepare specimens for the move,” says Jeremiah throughout the 20th century. Romer’s major research contributions dealt with the Trimble, Curatorial Associate for Ornithology. “We reorganized nearly every family of birds, ancestry of vertebrates, Paleozoic tetrapods and the antecedents of mammals. During his

Jeremiah Trimble organizing the specimens taxonomically and geographically, and thoroughly cleaned all career, Romer published more than 200 papers and books on vertebrate paleontology, boxes of eggs and skeletons.” Trimble, Katherine Eldridge, Alison Pirie and Emily Braker anatomy and evolution. He was appointed Professor of Zoology and Curator of Vertebrate prepared for and carried out the move. Paleontology at Harvard in 1934 and Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology from 1947 to 1965. He served as MCZ’s director from 1946 to 1961. The Malacology collection consists of around 10 million specimens of dry preserved mollusk shells. “The entire collection was inventoried and completely reorganized from a Romer’s medals include the Mary Clark Thompson Medal, 1954, and

phylogenetic arrangement to an alphabetical arrangement by family, genus, then species,” the Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal, 1956, from the U.S. National Academy Ernst Mayr Library Archives says Adam Baldinger, Curatorial Associate for Malacology, Invertebrate Zoology and Marine of Sciences; the XVI International Congress of Zoology Medal, 1963; the Alfred S. Romer Invertebrates. Baldinger, Murat Recevik and Alana Rivera worked on the Malacology Penrose Medal, 1962, from the Geological Society of America; the Linnean move. In addition to Baldinger, the preparation and move of Invertebrate Zoology’s 5,000 Medal, 1972, from the Linnean Society of London; an Honorary Member Medal, 1970, from the Fundación Miguel Lillo (Argentina); and the

Catherine Weisel specimens of dry preserved sponges and crustacea and Marine Invertebrate’s 50,000 specimens of dry preserved echinoderms and bryozoans were performed by Penny Benson, Wollaston Medal, 1973, from the Geological Society of London. They are Jennifer Lenihan, and Jessica Mullen. currently on display in the Ernst Mayr Library’s Special Collections. 12 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 13 MCZ NEWS MCZ NEWS: RESEARCH

Swim Like an (Artificial) Shark esearch aking eadlines MCZ R M H Shark skin isn’t smooth. It’s covered with They studied the artificial shark Marine Origins of Land Limbs millions of microscopic toothlike scales, or skin’s performance using a denticles. Scientists have hypothesized that robotic flapping device and a Did hind limbs evolve in elbows and partial wrists, which would have these denticles disrupt the flow of water over smooth-skinned control. At lower vertebrates on land or in allowed it to support itself on land. But the the surface of the shark, reducing drag and swimming speeds, the artificial skin the water, and which limbs fossils initially described in 2006 did not improving speed and efficiency. Now, for the on a static surface reduced drag by evolved first? It has been include its posterior. first time, George V. Lauder and colleagues 8.7% and improved speed by 6.6%. widely believed that this have constructed a biologically realistic Interestingly, at higher speeds, the Recent investigation of fossil blocks important transition from shark skin using 3-D printing and studied its drag on the rigid surface increased retrieved during the original and fish to tetrapod—four-legged effects on swimming performance. and speed slowed. However, when subsequent excavations revealed the creatures capable of walking— the surface was allowed to flex like missing rear portion of the Tiktaalik The researchers constructed a 3-D model occurred on land. However, a shark’s skin when it swims, the specimen. Analysis of the Tiktaalik pelvis of the pattern of denticles on the skin of research by Neil Shubin, speed again increased by 6.6%. shows that while still fishlike, it was larger Edward Daeschler and the late a shortfin mako Isurus( oxyrinchus) using and similar in size to the shoulder girdle, Farish A. Jenkins, Jr. indicates micro-CT scanning, and modeled the hook- The ability to manufacture and as in tetrapods. It had a ball-and-socket hip otherwise. like structure of a single denticle in minute study artificial shark skin—and joint connected to a highly mobile femur detail. The team then faced significant manipulate its properties—could In 2004, the team made the that could extend beneath its body. Crests challenges in manufacturing the artificial lead to improved performance groundbreaking discovery of on the hip for muscle attachment indicated shark skin, which required creating rigid in swimming robots and other Tiktaalik roseae, the 375-million- strength and advanced fin function. These denticles and embedding them, in an applications. Prof. Lauder, Li year-old missing link between findings suggest that the transition from overlapping pattern, in a flexible substrate Wen and James Weaver described fish and land animals, in the the “front-wheel drive” of fish to the “all- that could bend and flex like real skin. their manufacturing process and Canadian Arctic. Growing up wheel drive” of land dwellers occurred in Accomplishing this feat required a year of findings inThe Journal of Experimental Biology. to nine feet long, Tiktaalik was the ocean. testing with a 3-D printer that could work Wen L, Weaver JC, Lauder GV (2014) Biomimetic shark Justin Ide a lobe-finned fish that looked with multiple materials, but they finally The paper, published in the Proceedings of skin: design, fabrication and hydrodynamic function. Farish Jenkins with a model of like a cross between a fish and a succeeded. , completes J Exp Biol 217:1656-1666. Tiktaalik roseae crocodile and hunted in shallow freshwater the National Academy of Sciences the work begun by Prof. Jenkins before his environments. death in 2012. Social Behavior May Be in Their Genes Tiktaalik had transitional features like a Shubin NH, Daeschler EB, Jenkins FA (2014) Pelvic mobile neck, robust ribcage and primitive In evolutionary biology, social behavior wild, which suggests their social behavior girdle and fin ofTiktaalik roseae. PNAS 111:893-899. lungs. Its large forefins had shoulders, represents a major transition from an may have an underlying genetic component. individual to a coordinated group. Postdoctoral fellow Sarah Kocher sequenced Honeybees are a well-documented example the genome of this bee—the first bee Lucky Number Seven of a complex coordinated society, with genome since the honeybee—for both a In vertebrates, the fastest sperm gets to decreasing performance. Interestingly, social castes that perform specific tasks like social and a solitary individual. Comparing fertilize the egg. In a number of species, these ideal groups of seven didn’t actually gathering food or caring for the young. genomes of the same species with different the sperm cooperate, joining together swim with greater speed. Their success However, the vast majority of bees are not social behavior should prove especially useful in groups to improve their swimming occurred because they swim in a straighter social but solitary, and one special type of in investigating the forces that have shaped performance. But how does this work? path, thereby reaching their goal more bee, Lasioglossum albipes, can be either. the evolution of that behavior. For example, rapidly. Heidi S. Fisher, Hopi E. Hoekstra and differences in the olfactory genes, which can colleagues developed a mathematical However, the species differed in how often be used to recognize nest mates or specific model to predict the performance of their sperm groups reached the magic castes, suggest the role that odor receptors the sperm groupings of two closely number seven. In the monogamous oldfield play in the development of social behavior. James Weaver related species, the promiscuous deer mouse, aggregates form a greater range of Initial analyses are yielding intriguing mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, and the sizes. In the deer mouse, where the females

clues that point to further research into Sarah Kocher monogamous oldfield mouse,Peromyscus mate with multiple males, sperm tended the underlying genetic components of the polionotus. They then directly observed to form the ideal group size more often. evolution of social behavior. Dr. Kocher was live sperm to validate their model. Their This suggests that in the more competitive Sarah Kocher the lead author of the paper published in findings were published inProceedings of the world of deer mice, sexual selection favors Genome Biology. Co-authors included Hopi E. Royal Society B. those individuals that can more consistently Lasioglossum albipes is a halictid bee, also Hoekstra and Naomi E. Pierce. create the optimum group of sperm. known as a “sweat bee.” It is solitary in In both species of mice, the researchers inland France and Germany, but social in Kocher SD, Li C, Yang W, Tan H, Yi SV, Yang X, Fisher HS, Giomo L, Hoekstra HE, Mahadevan L found that the optimal grouping is seven southwestern France. Experiments have Hoekstra HE, Zhang G, Pierce NE, Yu DW (2013) (2014) The dynamics of sperm cooperation in a sperm cells—larger aggregates tend to shown that the bees exhibit the same The draft genome of a socially polymorphic halictid competitive environment. P Roy Soc B 281:20140296. form more star-shaped structures, forcing behavior when raised in the lab as in the bee, Lasioglossum albipes. Genome Biol 14:R1 42.

Evan Kingsley the cells to swim against each other and 14 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 15 MCZ NEWS: RESEARCH MCZ NEWS

rojects nitiatives Collaboration Highlights Bryozoan Biologists P & I Since 2008, Robert Woollacott, Professor of Their 2011 biography highlights William Lynch MCZ Awarded NSF Grants for Digitization Projects Biology and Curator of Marine Invertebrates, (1905–1960), a Roman Catholic priest who Centuries of discovery document the diversity of life on Earth. Records of and Mary Sears, Head of Public Services and was a professor at St. Ambrose College in Iowa that biodiversity are, for the most part, in varied and distinct natural history Reference Librarian for and researcher at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. collections, making assessing the information a difficult task. The National the Ernst Mayr Library, His work centered on the behavior and Science Foundation (NSF), through its Advancing Digitization of Biological have co-authored three metamorphosis of bryozoan larvae and later Collections program, is responding to the need for greater accessibility of biographies of biologists expanded to include the larva of an ascidian. biological collections data by awarding grants to projects that contribute who studied bryozoans, a The 2014 paper features Benjamin Harrison to developing a national resource of digital data that documents existing phylum of invertebrates. Grave (1878–1949), a Quaker who was a biological and paleontological collections, which will become an important Their collaboration highlights

professor at several colleges in Wyoming and tool in understanding contemporary biological issues and challenges. Jonathan Woodward lesser-known researchers who the Midwest. Grave had diverse interests ranging made important contributions, from the effect of agricultural development Brian D. Farrell, Principal Investigator, was supported for the Harvard component but whose work remains on fragmentation of the prairie habitat and its of the project, Fossil Insect Collaborative: A Deep-Time Approach to Studying underappreciated. consequences for avian faunal composition to Diversification and Response to Environmental Change. Fossil insects provide In 2008, they chronicled Alice the establishment of marine fouling communities a unique deep-time record of ecological and evolutionary response to past Robertson (1849–1922), one at Woods Hole. These latter studies also touched environmental changes and, therefore, are invaluable for understanding the impacts of climate change on the current biodiversity. Given models of future

Tillie Genter Papers, Scripps Institution of Tillie Oceanography Archives, UC San Diego of the few women scholars on the role of species introductions and their in early American marine establishment or rejection within a recipient climate change and the important role that insects play in human society Alice Robertson, 1904 (front row, (biodiversity, pests, pollination, vectors of disease), the ability to access these data third from left) biology. Robertson, a professor at Wellesley community. College, worked on identification of bryozoan and make predictions about future insect populations becomes even more urgent. Research is presently underway for a 2017 specimens from the 1906 MCZ Albatross The Fossil Insect Collaborative, based at the University of Colorado, Boulder, will expedition. Her main contributions, however, lay biography. create electronic specimen records for all the major U.S. fossil insect collections in pioneering studies of bryozoan fauna of the The original articles can be found in the Annals and make them broadly accessible through the project website and a central site, west coast of North America and of the events of Byrozoology (Wyse Jackson P, Spenser Jones iDigPaleo. Mobile apps and activities will also be developed. in polyembryony, or “identical twinning,” in a M, eds) International Bryozoological Association, cyclostome bryozoan—a phenomenon now Trinity College: Dublin, Ireland. Principal Investigator Naomi E. Pierce received a Partners to Existing Network (PEN) recognized to be ubiquitous throughout the grant to complement the Southwest Collections of Arthropods Network (SCAN) order Cyclostomatida. Thematic Collection Network. SCAN is a museum collaborative digitizing specimen information for ground-dwelling insects and close relatives, and the MCZ will contribute Egg Signatures Thwart Cuckoo Invaders expertise in the identification and digitization of ants. More than 90,000 specimens of ants from the American Southwest will be imaged, digitized and made available online. The common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) lays The researchers developed a computer The project will benefit scientists studying biodiversity and the responses of ant species to its eggs in the nests of other bird species, vision tool called NaturePatternMatch, climate change in the Southwest, and non-scientists seeking to identify their species. The duping them into raising the chicks as their derived from sophisticated software used broader impacts of this project, led by the Encyclopedia of Life’s Learning + Education own. Cuckoo chicks hatch first, destroying for facial recognition and image stitching group, also based at the MCZ, will focus on the Navajo Nation, where researchers from their nest mates to become the only programs, to analyze the visual patterns on the MCZ, Navajo scientists and student interns have collected more than 15,000 ants. offspring of their adoptive parents. the host birds’ eggs, adjusting for the way Encyclopedia of Life educators will train Navajo graduate students to use EOL tools and birds see and how their brains are thought resources and will jointly create Navajo-appropriate educational resources, including a To avoid detection, the cuckoo has evolved to process this information. downloadable field guide to the ants of the Navajo Nation. the ability to mimic the egg markings of the David Kjaer host species. In defense, the host birds have They found that the host species most James Hanken, Principal Investigator, received support for the Harvard component of the project, InvertEBase: Reaching Back developed pigmentation patterns that allow intensely targeted by the cuckoo have A reed warbler caring for a much to See the Future: Species-rich Invertebrate Faunas Document Causes and Consequences of Biodiversity Shifts. Rapid biodiversity larger cuckoo chick them to recognize their own eggs, identify evolved the most identifiable pattern change has significant effects on essential ecosystem services, and exploding populations of invasive species threaten water and intruders and remove them from the nest. signatures. And in these signatures, land habitats, potentially impacting U.S. natural resources. Easy access to expertly vetted baseline data will support the protection The manner in which the birds complexity is not as desirable as of the nation’s natural resources and improve the capacity for effective restoration, land management planning and conservation recognize these markings, supposed. It seems that, beyond a certain management. The goal of this four-year collaborative project is the rapid digitization of more than two million specimens and however, has been poorly point, increased complexity renders the location data from ten arthropod and mollusk collections housed at six major U.S. museums. This project will significantly understood. pattern less recognizable. Their research automate specimen data capture by utilizing optical character and voice-recognition technologies. Numerous undergraduate was published in Nature Communications. Postdoctoral fellow Mary Caswell students will receive training in digitization technologies, and the digitized data from this project will be immediately deployed for Stoddard and colleagues studied Stoddard MC, Kilner RM, Town C (2014) Pattern habitat-based distribution modeling and analyses. A modular exhibit will also be developed to engage public interest in biodiversity hundreds of eggs from eight host recognition algorithm reveals how birds evolve changes. species, including the cuckoo individual egg pattern signatures. Nature Comm 5:4117. eggs laid in their midst. All data resulting from these awards will be available through the national resource iDigBio.org and MCZbase, the Mary Caswell Stoddard Museum database.

16 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 17 MCZ NEWS: PROJECTS & INITIATIVES MCZ NEWS: PROJECTS & INITIATIVES

Encyclopedia of Life Sea Creatures in Glass In collaboration with the Encyclopedia thereon—and participate in projects to On May 24, 2014, the Harvard Museum of Natural Cuckoo Bees 1 2 3 of Life (eol.org), Jessica Rykken, MCZ monitor, conserve and preserve those History opened Sea Creatures in Glass, a permanent Associate in Entomology, developed a set ecosystems. EOL resources and tools will exhibition that showcases the MCZ’s collection of Bees of Bee Observer Cards designed to foster be used in STEM (Science, Technology, Blaschka glass marine invertebrates. 5 the art and science of observing nature by Engineering and Math) learning and in These magnificent models were created as 19th-century 4 focusing on the key traits and behaviors support of an annual BioBlitz, a biodiversity teaching tools, and they are as anatomically accurate that make different bee species unique. survey where students and their families as they are beautiful. Delicate jellyfish and anemones, The Bee Observer Cards were distributed work alongside scientists. octopus, tentacled squid, bizarre-looking sea slugs,

Lifestyles to 50 national parks in support of the grant UC Davis and the MCZ were awarded or nudibranchs, and other soft-bodied sea creatures Multiregional Evaluation of Pollinator Response NSF funding for their proposal Kurator: captured in glass are a sparkling testament to the legacy to Climate Change in Critical Habitats, and of Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka. enthusiastic reviews with links to these cards A Provenance-enabled Workflow Platform and Body Plan Toolkit to Curate Biodiversity Data, designed to 1 Head Thorax (Mesosoma) Abdomen (Metasoma) have appeared on many pollinator websites. The permanent exhibit features a rotating selection Eye Tegula Hindwing foster public participation in data-cleaning The cards are available at eol.org/info/

Bees Forewing of 60 of the MCZ’s 430 newly restored Blaschka Antenna projects. The EOL Learning + Education disc_observer. invertebrate models, many on public display for the Abdominal group will coordinate development, testing Segments first time.Sea Creatures in Glass is made possible by a Mandible The EOL Learning + Education group and use of tools, services and learning Femur generous gift in memory of Melvin R. Seiden, AB 1952, 2 Ocelli Antenna Tibia was awarded a Department of Defense modules created through the project. Basitarsus Eye Clypeus LLB 1955. Tarsus Education Activity (DoDEA) grant. The Labrum “Tongue” The MCZ-supported One Species at a Time (maxilla and

Anatomy lead institution is the Okaloosa County Mandible labium) podcast series (podcast.eol.org/podcast) School District in Florida, where around was listed as one of 7 Essential Public Radio Final Flight: The Extinction of the Passenger Pigeon 30% of the students are from military STEM Education Resources on the Public Passenger pigeons (Ectopistes migratorius) were once extraordinarily abundant families. “Okaloosa S.C.I.E.N.C.E.” will Radio Exchange blog. EOL is partnering with in North America. Reports from the 1800s recount flocks that could darken provide students with opportunities ListenCurrent and the Encyclopedia of Earth the sky with their number, and some believe they were the most abundant to learn about local ecosystems and to create lesson plans around the podcasts. bird on Earth. But by the 20th century, the birds disappeared in one of the biodiversity—and human impacts most dramatic extinctions caused by humans. Ernst Mayr Library and MCZ Archives The Harvard Museum of Natural History exhibit Final Flight marked the 100th anniversary of the death of Martha, the last passenger pigeon, in 1914 The Ernst Mayr Library is words when the task is presented as a game,” at the Cincinnati Zoo. The exhibit included two mounted specimens donated partnering on Purposeful says Connie Rinaldo, Librarian of the Ernst by William Brewster, Curator of Mammals and Birds at the MCZ, in 1917. Gaming, a project that will Mayr Library, who—with Joe de Veer, head of use the transcription of technical services at Ernst Mayr—is leading Loss of the passenger pigeon prompted the passage of the Migratory Bird historical documents to test the project in the MCZ. Treaty Act in 1918, which made it illegal to hunt, kill or capture at-risk bird a crowdsourcing game. The species. This legislation served as a template for other laws, including the

project is led by the Missouri Endangered Species Act of 1973. Catherine Weisel Botanical Garden and supported by an Institute Thoreau’s Maine Woods: A Journey in of Museum and Library Photographs with Scot Miller Services (IMLS) National Leadership Grant. In commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the publication of Henry David Thoreau’s The Maine Woods, the Harvard Museum A key goal will be to improve Kris Snibbe of Natural History hosted an exhibition of prints by noted searching and retrieval in photographer Scot Miller, who spent years tracing Thoreau’s steps digitized historic literature. Volunteers will create initial transcriptions with his camera. Miller’s stunning images reflect much of what Historic literature, especially of the original notebooks and electronic Thoreau saw in his Maine Woods journeys and also document handwritten field notes images of the diaries of William Brewster, a contemporary change in one of the most remote and magnificent th th and horticultural catalogs, late-19 - and early-20 -century ornithologist/ “wild” places in the continental U.S. cannot be accurately transcribed using optical naturalist, which were digitized with the character recognition (OCR) software. support of a previous IMLS National Striking specimens from the MCZ’s Mammalogy and Ornithology “Purposeful Gaming intends to demonstrate Leadership Grant. Two video games will be collections grace Thoreau’s Maine Woods: white-tailed deer

Kris Snibbe that digital games are an excellent tool for developed to compare problematic words in (Odocoileus virginianus), American black bear cub (Ursus analyzing and improving digital outputs from the documents—one with minimal gameplay americanus), Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), yellow- OCR and transcription activities because features for the more altruistic volunteer, and shafted Northern flicker Colaptes( auratus) and a common raven large numbers of users can be harnessed the other with more gaming features that will (Corvus corax). The exhibition, made possible by the financial quickly and efficiently to focus on the review be engaging for players who might not be support of Dr. John Freedman, AB 1984, will remain on display

and correction of particularly problematic interested in natural history. Catherine Weisel until February 2015. 18 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 19 HONORS

Awards & Recognition

Staff Talia Moore received a Deakin-Royce Judith Chupasko, Curatorial Associate in Graduate Research Fellowship in Mammalogy, and Kenneth Wilcox, Building Australian Studies to support her Superintendent at the Concord Field research on the locomotor ecology of Station, were each honored by Harvard for desert marsupial hopping mice. Moore 25 years of service to the University. also received the Harvard University Certificate of Distinction in Teaching. Linda S. Ford, Director of Collections Operations, was elected President-Elect Martha Muñoz received for SPNHC (Society for the Preservation the Raymond B. Huey of Natural History Collections) and was Award for the Best Student invited to be on the External Advisory Presentation in the Division Board to iDigBio (Integrated Digitized of Ecology and Evolution Biocollections), the NSF-funded National at the 2014 Society of Resource for Advancing Digitization of Integrative and Comparative Biodiversity Collections (ADBC). Biology meeting. Bridget Power, Faculty/Collections Assistant, Elizabeth Sefton was a Mary Caswell Stoddard

Stephanie Mitchell received a Dean’s Distinction Award, which recipient of the Vessa recognizes outstanding citizenship and Notchev Fellowship, Brian D. Farrell exceptional contributions in support of the Mary Caswell (Cassie) Stoddard was honored sponsored by the Sigma Animation by Ariana Kam Emeritus Faculty of Arts and Sciences’ mission. with a 2013 L’Oréal USA Fellowship for Delta Epsilon/Graduate Edward O. Wilson was presented with the Women in Science, a program that partners Women in Science. Franklin Founders Award in recognition of Connie Rinaldo, Ernst Mayr Librarian, received an Impact Award for her sustained, with the American Association for the Allison Shultz received the his lifetime of work in the natural sciences Advancement of Science (AAAS) to recognize and his insights into the genetic basis of superior performance and exceptional American Ornithologists’ Union effectiveness in the Faculty of Arts and and reward five outstanding U.S.-based post- Student Presentation Award. the social behavior of animals. The award doctoral women researchers. was given during the Celebration! Benjamin Sciences. Undergraduates Franklin, Founder festivities in Philadelphia, Graduate Students Ariana Kam’s animation of honoring Franklin’s 308th birthday. Emily Jacobs-Palmer received the Derek “Genetics of Mouse Burrowing” C. Bok Award for Excellence in Graduate was recognized by Harvard’s Faculty Student Teaching of Undergraduates. Andrew A. Biewener was appointed Chair of Program in General Education the NIH Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Sciences Zachary Lewis received the E.E. Williams and was awarded a Conant grant review study section for 2014–2015. Award from the Herpetologist’s League Prize honoring creative and the Harvard University Certificate of pedagogical innovations. Brian D. Farrell was named the Director Distinction in Teaching. of the David Rockefeller Center for Graduating seniors Georgia Latin American Studies. Prof. Farrell Hillery Metz was awarded an American Shelton and Tanner Strickland has conducted extensive molecular Association for University Women were Thomas Temple Hoopes and ecological research on beetles and Fellowship. Prizes for their senior theses: other insects in the region, and hopes to “The biodiversity of strengthen scientific ties between Harvard the bees at the Arnold and Mexico, the Caribbean, and the nations Arboretum” (Shelton) and of Central and South America. “Lizards bridging the gap:

Catherine Weisel Phylogeography of the Puerto James Hanken was invited to be Chief Guest Rican crested anole (Anolis at the International Peradeniya University Bridget Power cristatellus) across the Puerto Research Sessions (iPURSE), Kandy, Sri Lanka. Rican Bank” (Strickland). Andrew A. Biewener Postdoctoral Fellows Strickland also received a

Hopi E. Hoekstra was awarded a Harvard Matthias Markolf College Professorship, which recognizes Christina Riehl received the Cooper Harvard Herchel Smith Judith Chupasko excellence in undergraduate education. Ornithological Society Young Professional Undergraduate Research Hoekstra also received the Spark Award from Award, which recognizes early-career Fellowship. Women in Science at Harvard-Radcliffe for ornithological researchers for their

continually inspiring young women in science. outstanding contributions to ornithology. Christofer Clemente Talia Moore 20 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 21 GRANTS

MCZ Grant Recipients Academic Year 2013–2014

Grants in Aid of Undergraduate Research (GUR) Recipient Faculty Sponsor/ Project Title Amount These grants support research by Harvard undergraduates under faculty supervision. Academic Dept. Priority is given to projects that utilize MCZ, Harvard University Herbaria (HUH) and Valentina S. Rodriguez Donald Pfister/ Diversity and biology of Orbilia xeric species $2,466 Arnold Arboretum (AA) research collections, laboratories and facilities. Support for these Organismic and in Massachusetts grants comes from the MCZ’s Myvanwy M. and George M. Dick Scholarship for Students, Evolutionary Biology HUH and AA. Claire D. Stolz James Hanken/ Tracing the origin of squamate viviparity $2,500 Organismic and through eggshell analysis Evolutionary Biology Recipient Faculty Sponsor/ Project Title Amount Academic Dept. Alexandra Stote George V. Lauder/ Participation in the 2014 conference of $500 Organismic and the Society for Integrative & Comparative Emily A. Burke Gonzalo Giribet/ Phylogeography of Bdellouridae $2,144 Evolutionary Biology Biology Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Tanner R. Strickland Jonathan B. Losos/ Gene flow and divergence among $1,243 Organismic and populations of Anolis cristatellus across the Inanna L. Carter Charles C. Davis/ Insect herbivore community of Hawaiian $2,500 Evolutionary Biology Puerto Rican Bank Organismic and Lobelioideae Evolutionary Biology Jennifer L. Wong Richard W. Suckling behavior in juvenile red colobus of $2,000 Wrangham/Human Kibale, Uganda Stephanie N. Caty Lauren O’Connell/ Investigating enzymes involved in poison $1,500 Rachel Moon Evolutionary Biology Bridget Irvine Center for Systems frog toxicity Biology Total Awards $41,553 Thomas Dai Naomi E. Pierce/ A comparative study of UV reflectivity and $2,000 Organismic and androconial structures in lycaenid and Evolutionary Biology riodinid butterflies Taras B. Dreszer Gonzalo Giribet/ Describing a new species of harvestmen $1,645 Miyata Grants Organismic and and developing a new imaging technique for The Ken Miyata Fund for Field Research Awards are intended to enable herpetological Evolutionary Biology the taxon fieldwork by MCZ graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Non-herpetological fieldwork Sally Gee Elizabeth Wolkovich/ Trees, traits and the future of North $2,010 may be eligible when there are no deserving herpetological projects. These grants are made Organismic and American forests with climate change Evolutionary Biology possible by a gift from Dr. Barbara Jil Wu, PhD 1981, and Mr. Eric Larson, AB 1977. Kimberly B. Cassandra Extavour/ Interrogation of cricket germ line $2,500 Johansson Organismic and development by Vasa transgenic analyses Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Amount Evolutionary Biology Katherine E. Boronow Herpetology Investigating personality in a globally $4,800 Sang Il Kim Brian D. Farrell/ Phylogeny of world stag beetles may reveal $2,385 invasive lizard, Anolis sagrei Organismic and the Gondwanan origin of Darwin’s beetle: Kadeem J. Gilbert Entomology The ecology and evolution of Nepenthes- $6,440 Evolutionary Biology testing Jenneal’s hypothesis anuran symbioses: Nepenthes Mikhaila C. Marecki George V. Lauder/ What is the function of the Aw muscle in $2,500 oxygenation Organismic and Chauliodus sloani jaw adduction? Mara Laslo Herpetology Maternal hormones in direct-developing $2,915

Kate Velssis Evolutionary Biology Eleutherodactylus coqui Li Murphy Jenna R. McGugan Lauren O’Connell/ Dietary contributions to chemical defenses $1,500 Total Awards $14,155 Center for Systems in the little devil frog, Oophaga sylvatica Biology Emily A. Mistick Stacey Combes/ Aerodynamic effects of passive vein-joint $2,160 Organismic and deformation in hymenopteran wings Evolutionary Biology Robert G. Goelet Summer Research Awards Rachel M. Moon Jonathan B. Losos/ The effects of anthropogenic habitat change $2,500 Goelet Awards support MCZ graduate student summer research projects. Funds support Organismic and on territorial behavior in the brown anole travel to field sites and related subsistence expenses incurred in pursuit of research Evolutionary Biology lizard objectives. These grants are made possible through a gift from Mr. Robert G. Goelet. Li E.K. Murphy Naomi E. Pierce/ Ventilation in overwintering honeybee $2,500 Organismic and colonies Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Amount Evolutionary Biology Elizabeth Sefton Herpetology Transgenic Xenopus lines for mesoderm and $500 Johnny L. Pulice Kirsten Bomblies/ Developing neutral evolution models $2,500 neural crest fate-mapping Organismic and for tetraploid population genetics in Evolutionary Biology Arabidopsis and Mimulus Total Awards $500 Taylor E. Reiter Terence Capellini/ Evolutionary and functional implications of $2,500 Human Evolutionary selective pressures on amylase in canines Biology and humans Travis Ingram Travis Travis Ingram Travis

22 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 23 GRANTS GRANTS

Ernst Mayr Travel Grants in Animal Systematics Ernst Mayr Grants support travel for research in animal systematics and are open to the scientific community worldwide. The principal objective of these grants is to stimulate taxonomic work on neglected taxa and/or poorly described species. Ernst Mayr Grants typically facilitate visits to institutional collections, with preference given to research that uses MCZ’s collections. These grants are made possible by a gift from Professor and former MCZ Director Ernst Mayr.

Recipient Institutional Project Title Amount Recipient Institutional Project Title Amount Affiliation Affiliation Timothy J. Anderson Purdue University Review of the species limits for the lichen $1,500 Jacqueline Karras The University of Systematics, morphometrics and coevolution $1,500 moth genus Hypoprepia (Lepidoptera: New South Wales of grass-inhabiting lygaeoid true bugs Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini) (Insecta: Heteroptera) and evolution of host affiliated traits Juan Francisco Araya Universidad de Biodiversity of Chilean Mollusca $1,500 Araya Chile, Santiago Sang Il Kim Harvard University Systematic review of the Dorcus velutinus $1,200 species group (Lucanidae: Coleoptera) Stephen M. Baca University of Kansas Review of the burrowing water beetles $1,500 through an integrative taxonomic approach (Coleoptera: Noteridae) of the New World Analía Alicia Lanteri Museo de La Systematics of weevils of the Pantomorus- $1,500 Patrick McCormick

Meaghan Emery Viktor Baranov Leibniz Institute for Non-biting midges (Diptera; Chironomidae) $1,000 Plata, Universidad Naupactus complex (Insecta: Coleoptera: Freshwater Ecology of the Faroe Islands: fauna and taxonomy Nacional de La Plata, Curculionidae) and Inland Fisheries CONICET Manuel Alejandro Universidad Nacional A taxonomic monograph of a new $1,500 Thomas C. McElrath University of Georgia Revision of Bactridium, LeConte 1861 $1,460 Barrios Izas Autónoma de Mesoamerican leaf litter weevil genus México (Coleoptera: Molytinae, Conotrachelini), with Nikhil Sujat Modak Mes’ Abasaheb Examination of specimens of the genus $1,500 notes on its phylogeny Garware College, Indirana from the Natural History Museum, India London and Muséum National d’Histoire Oleksii Bidzilia Kiev Taras A taxonomic study of Gelechiidae $1,440 Naturelle, Paris Shevchenko National deposited at Ditsong National Museum of University Natural History, with special consideration Anna A. Namyatova The University of Revision and systematics of the paleotropical $1,200 of types New South Wales genus Felisacus (Heteroptera: Miridae) Sidclay Dias Bonnie B. Blaimer Smithsonian National Resolving the Crematogaster castanea $1,500 Francisco Andrés Universidad Nacional Several new species of Theridiidae $1,500 Museum of Natural (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species complex Rivera Quiroz Autónoma de (Araneae: Araneomorphidae) from a tropical History in southern and eastern Africa Mexico forest in Mexico Arthur E. Bogan North Carolina State Verification of types of freshwater $730 Tatiana Alejandra Universidad Federal Revision, cladistic and biogeographic $1,450 Museum of Natural gastropods in the family Pleuroceridae Sepúlveda Villa do Paraná, Brazil analysis of Neriidae (Diptera) Analia Lanteri Sciences Lidianne Salvatierra Instituto Nacional Simon, Petrunkevitch & O.P.-Cambridge $1,500 Patricia Cabezas- Brigham Young A hard shell to crack: the taxonomic puzzle $1,100 Paz Triguerio de Pesquisas da collection: examination of Miagrammopes Padilla University of pagurid hermit crabs Amazônia and The types from Natural History Museum, London George Washington Pablo Matías Dellapé Museo de La Systematic revisions of the genera $1,500 University Plata, Universidad Anomaloptera Amyot & Serville and Nacional de La Plata, Nysius Stål Daniela Yepes- Universidad Nacional Review and phylogeny of the genus $1,450 CONICET Gaurisas Autónoma de Ophiozonella Matsumoto, 1915 (Ophiuroidae: México Ophiolepididae) based in morphological Maria Guadalupe del Museo de La Systematics on the weevil tribe Naupactini $1,500 characters Rio Plata, Universidad (Coleoptera) Nacional de La Plata, Rita I. Velez South Dakota State Examination of specimens of Ptiloglossa $1,303 CONICET University (Colletidae: Diphaglossinae) contained at the Pe. Moure’s Collection in Brazil Meaghan M. Emery University of Oregon Character variability in modern Artiodactyla $1,098

and implications for fossil taxonomy Total Awards $38,571 Franco Faraci David M. General University of Revision of Calomyrmex (Formicidae: $1,500

Nikhil Modak Philippines at Los Formicinae) and of the Philippine species of Baños Myopias (Formicidae: Ponerinae) Grey T. Gustafson The University of Revision of the southeast Asian whirligig $1,500 New Mexico beetle genus Porrorhynchus Laport, 1834 Yoalli Quetzalli Instituto de Ciencias Phylogenetic revision of the genus $1,500 Hernández-Díaz del Mar y Limnología, Ophiothrix Müller & Troschel, 1840 Universidad Nacional (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) with Autónoma de Mexico emphasis on species distributed in the western Atlantic Garrett B. Hughes University of Arizona Exploring the taxonomy of pseudoscorpions $1,500 from under-sampled localities Zeehan Jaafar Smithsonian National Systematic revision of Oxudercine gobies $1,140 Museum of Natural and evolution of terrestriality in fishes History Anna Namyatova Analia Lanteri Barry Brown Analia Lanteri 24 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 25 GRANTS MCZ PUBLICATIONS: CALENDAR YEAR 2013

Putnam Expedition Grants • Alcaide M, Liu M, Edwards SV (2013) Major of Anolis lineatus on Aruba and Curaçao. Biol J Linn Soc Putnam Expedition Grants are intended to support MCZ faculty-curators, postdoctoral histocompatibility complex class I evolution in songbirds: 110: 409–426 fellows and graduate students in collecting specimens and data relating to the study of universal primers, rapid evolution and base compositional • Garwood RJ, Dunlop JA, Giribet G, Sutton MD (2013) shifts in exon 3. PeerJ 1:e86 comparative zoology. Priority is given to projects that collect living specimens in regions Opiliones fósiles. Los arácnidos actuales de origen más where habitats are threatened or fossil specimens in regions most likely to hold important • Algar AC, Mahler DL, Glor RE, Losos JB (2013) Niche remoto. ¡Fundamental! 23:1–58 clues for unraveling evolutionary strategies. These grants are made possible by a gift from incumbency, dispersal limitation and climate shape • Giribet G (2013) Book Review: Animal Evolution: geographical distributions in a species-rich island adaptive Mr. George Putnam, Jr., AB 1949 and MBA 1951, and Mrs. Nancy Putnam. Interrelationships of the Living Phyla 3rd ed. Integr Comp radiation. Global Ecol Biogeogr 22:391–402 Biol 53:532–534 • Arnold AS, Lee DV, Biewener AA (2013) Modulation of • Giribet G, de Bivort BL, Hitchcock A, Swart P (2013) Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Amount joint work in the goat hindlimb with locomotor speed and

James Crall On Speleosiro argasiformis—a troglobitic Cyphophthalmi Christopher Baker Entomology Biodiversity and fine-scale distribution of $7,584 surface grade. J Exp Biol 216:2201–2212 (Arachnida: Opiliones: Pettalidae) from Table Mountain, myrmecophiles in Acacia drepanolobium ant • Benavides LR, Giribet G (2013) A revision of selected South Africa. J Arachnol 41:416–419 plants clades of Neotropical mite harvestmen (Arachnida, • Giribet G, Edgecombe GD (2013) The Arthropoda: a John H. Boyle Entomology Nest architecture of ant associates of $7,584 Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Neogoveidae) with the phylogenetic framework. In Arthropod Biology and Evolution Acacia drepanolobium description of eight new species. Bull MCZ 161:1–44 (Minelli A, Boxshall G, Fusco G, eds) 17–40. Springer- Shane C. Campbell- Herpetology/ Climate-induced natural selection: measuring $3,544 • Bieler R, Mikkelsen PM, Giribet G (2013) Bivalvia–a Verlag: Berlin Staton Ornithology the response of cold tolerance in green discussion of known unknowns. Am Malacol Bull 31:123–133 anoles to the polar vortex of 2013-2014 • Giribet G, Edgecombe GD (2013) Stable phylogenetic • Blevins E, Lauder GV (2013) Swimming near the patterns in scutigeromorph centipedes (Myriapoda: James D. Crall Entomology Movement ecology of orchid bees (Apidae: $5,700 substrate: a simple robotic model of stingray locomotion. Chilopoda: Scutigeromorpha): dating the diversification Euglossini) in tropical forest fragments Bioinspir Biomim 8:016005 of an ancient lineage of terrestrial arthropods. Invertebr Syst Rosa M. Fernández Invertebrate Zoology Exploring cryptic diversity in soil animals $12,480 27:485–501 (part II): a case study in centipedes and • Bloom S, Ledon-Rettig C, Infante C, Everly A, Hanken J, velvet worms Nascone-Yoder N (2013) Developmental origins of a novel • Gower DJ, Aberra RK, Schwaller S, Largen MJ, Collen B, Sarah Lerner gut morphology in frogs. Evol Dev 15:213–223 Spawls S, Menegon M, Zimkus BM, de Sà R, Mengistu A, Sebastian B. Kvist Invertebrate Zoology Shark leeches (Hirudinida: Piscicolidae): $8,131 “Stable phylogenetic patterns Moore R, Saber S, Loader SP (2013) Long-term data for evolution, anticoagulant diversity and • Castañeda MD, De Queiroz K (2013) Phylogeny of in scutigeromorph centipedes prey choice the Dactyloa clade of Anolis lizards: New insights from endemic frog genera reveal potential conservation crisis in (Myriapoda: Chilopoda: the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. Oryx 47:59–69 Scutigeromorpha): dating the Jean-Marc Lassance Mammalogy The genetic basis of adaptive traits in prey $8,674 combining morphological and molecular data. Bull MCZ diversification of an ancient lineage species: variation in predator aversion 160:345–398 • Groen SC, Whiteman NK, Bahrami AK, Wilczek AM, of terrestrial arthropods” by Gonzalo in Peromyscus of the Channel Islands Cui J, Russell JA, Cibrian-Jaramillo A, Butler IAE, Rana • Clouse RM, Sharma PP, Giribet G, Wheeler WC (2013) Giribet and MCZ Associate Gregory Archipelago, California J, Huang GH, Bush J, Ausubel FM, Pierce NE (2013) Elongation factor-1a, a putative single-copy nuclear gene, Edgecombe was the cover story in Pathogen-triggered ethylene signaling mediates systemic Sarah Lemer Invertebrate Zoology Collecting East Pacific species of Pinnidae $7,450 has divergent sets of paralogs in an arachnid. Mol Phylogenet Invertebrate Systematics. in Baja California Evol 68:471–481 induced susceptibility to herbivory in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 25:4755–4766 Talia Moore Concord Field Does bipedal locomotion evolve for similar $1,100 • de Medeiros BAS, Núñez-avellaneda LA (2013) Three Station/Herpetology reasons in all desert rodents? new species of Anchylorhynchus Schoenherr, 1836 from • Guil N, Jørgensen A, Giribet G, Kristensen RM (2013) Lori R. Shapiro Entomology Identifying potential insect disease vectors $8,575 Colombia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Curculioninae; Congruence between molecular phylogeny and cuticular

Sarah Kocher threatening Cucurbita spp. in Mesoamerica Acalyptini). Zootaxa 3636:394–400 design in Echiniscoidea (Tardigrada, Heterotardigrada). Zool J Linn Soc 169:713–736 Shantanu P. Shukla Entomology Microbial ecology of African dung beetles $7,050 • Dennehy JJ, Duffy S, O’Keefe KJ, Edwards SV, Turner • Hanken J (2013) A scientist in full: the fruitful, flawed Allison J. Shultz Ornithology Genomic signatures of pathogen-mediated $3,920 PE (2013) Frequent coinfection reduces RNA virus selection in diachronic populations of the population genetic diversity. J Hered 104:704–712 Louis Agassiz [review of C. Irmscher, Louis Agassiz: Creator of American Science]. Harvard Magazine 115:22–24 house finch • Edwards SV (2013) Next-generation QTL mapping: Bruno A. Souza de Entomology Insect-host interactions and rates of $6,400 crowdsourcing SNPs, without pedigrees. Mol Ecol • Hanken J (2013) Biodiversity online: toward a Network Medeiros evolution in a community of palm weevils 22:3885–3887 Integrated Biocollections Alliance. BioScience 63:789–790 Callin M. Switzer Concord Field What’s the buzz in Australia? Mechanism of $5,859 • Ezaz T, Azad B, O’Meally D, Young MJ, Matsubara K, • Hanken J, et al (2013) Implementation plan for the Station buzz pollination by native Australian bees Edwards MJ, Zhang X, Holleley CE, Deakin JE, Marshall Network Integrated Biocollections Alliance. American Melissa R. Whitaker Entomology Gut bacteria and the evolution of diet in $11,226 Graves JA, Georges A, Edwards SV, Sarre SD (2013) Institute of Biological Sciences: Reston, Virginia lycaenid butterflies Sequence and gene content of a large fragment of a • Harrison A (2013) Size-assortative pairing and social Total Awards $105,277 lizard sex chromosome and evaluation of candidate sex monogamy in a Neotropical lizard, Anolis limifrons Julianne Pelaez differentiating gene R-spondin 1. BMC Genomics 14:899 (Squamata: Polychrotidae). Breviora 534:1–9 • Fish F, Lauder GV (2013) Not just going with the flow. • Hertz PE, Arima Y, Harrison A, Huey RB, Losos Am Sci 101:114–123 JB, Glor RE (2013) Asynchronous evolution of • Flammang BE, Alben S, Madden PGA, Lauder GV physiology and morphology in Anolis lizards. Evolution (2013) Functional morphology of the fin rays of teleost 677:2101–2113 fishes.J Morphol 274:1044–1059 • Janes D, Elsey R, Langan E, Valenzuela N, Edwards • Flammang BE, Lauder GV (2013) Pectoral fins aid SV (2013) Sex-biased expression of sex-differentiating in navigation of a complex environment by bluegill genes FOXL2 and FGF9 in American alligators, Alligator sunfish under sensory deprivation conditions.J Exp Biol mississippiensis. Sex Dev 7:253–260 216:3084–3089 • Joseph L, Edwards SV, McLean AJ (2013) The • Gartner GEA, Gamble T, Jaffe AL, Harrison A, Losos JB Maluridae: inferring avian biology and evolutionary (2013) Left–right dewlap asymmetry and phylogeography history from DNA sequences. Emu 113:195–207 Julien Ayroles Allison Shultz Julianne Pelaez 26 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 27 MCZ PUBLICATIONS: CALENDAR YEAR 2013 MCZ PUBLICATIONS: CALENDAR YEAR 2013

• Kamath A, Stuart YE, Campbell TS (2013) Behavioral • Maddin HC, Venczel M, Gardner JD, Rage J-C • Ruiz-Torres R, Curet OM, Lauder GV, MacIver MA (2013) • Talavera G, Lukhtanov VA, Rieppel L, Pierce NE, Vila partitioning by the native lizard Anolis carolinensis in (2013) Micro-computed tomography study of a three- The kinematics of the ribbon fin in hovering and swimming R (2013) In the shadow of phylogenetic uncertainty: the presence and absence of the invasive Anolis sagrei in dimensionally preserved neurocranium of Albanerpeton of the electric ghost knifefish.J Exp Biol 216:823–834 The recent diversification ofLysandra butterflies Florida. Breviora 535:1–10 (Lissamphibia, Albanerpetontidae) from the Pliocene of • Rykken JJ, Farrell BD (2013) Boston Harbor through chromosomal change. Mol Phylogenet Evol • Kawauchi GY, Giribet G (2013) Sipunculus nudus Hungary. J Vertebr Paleontol 33:568–587 Islands all taxa biodiversity inventory: Discovering the 69:469–478 Linnaeus, 1766 (Sipuncula): cosmopolitan or a group • Mahler DL, Ingram T, Revell LJ, Losos JB (2013) “microwilderness” of an urban island park. Natural Resource • Vahtera V, Edgecombe GD, Giribet G (2013) of pseudo-cryptic species? An integrated molecular and Exceptional convergence on the macroevolutionary Technical Report. National Park Service. Fort Collins, Phylogenetics of scolopendromorph centipedes: Can morphological approach. Mar Ecol 1–14 landscape in island lizard radiations. Science 341:292–295 Colorado denser taxon sampling improve an artificial classification? • Kocher SD, Li C, Yang W, Tan H, Yi SV, Yang X, • Martins DJ, Collins SC, Congdon C, Pierce NE (2013) • Salvatierra L, Tourinho AL, Giribet G (2013) Description Invertebr Syst 27:578–602 Hoekstra HE, Zhang G, Pierce NE, Yu DW (2013) The Association between the African lycaenid, Anthene usamba, of the male, larva and nymphal stages of Cryptocellus iaci • Valente RM, de Medeiros BAS (2013) A new species of draft genome of a socially polymorphic halictid bee, and an obligate acacia ant, Crematogaster mimosae. Biol J (Arachnida, Ricinulei), with an overview of tarsal sensilla Anchylorhynchus Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Lasioglossum albipes. Genome Biol 14:R142 Linn Soc 109:302–312 and other integumental structures. Zootaxa 3709:149–161 from the Amazon, with a record of a new host palm for the • Kowalko J, Rohner N, Rompani SB, Peterson BK, Linden • McFall-Ngai M, Hadfield M, Bosch T, Carey H, Domazet- • Sanger TJ, Sherratt E, McGlothlin JW, Brodie III ED, genus. Zootaxa 3709:394–400 TA, Yoshizawa M, Kay EH, Weber J, Hoekstra HE, Jeffery Loso T, Douglas A, Dubilier N, Eberl G, Fukami T, Losos JB, Abzhanov A (2013) Convergent evolution • Vanin SA, de Medeiros BAS (2013) A new species of WR, Borowsky R, Tabin CJ (2013) Loss of schooling Gilbert S, Hentschel U, King N, Kjelleberg S, Knoll AH, of sexual dimorphism in skull shape using distinct Sicoderus Vanin from Bolivia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: behavior in cavefish through sight-dependent and sight- Kremer N, Mazmanian S, Metcalf J, Nealson K, Pierce developmental strategies. Evolution 67:2180–2193 Curculioninae: Otidocephalini). Zootaxa 3734:81–85 independent mechanisms. Curr Biol 23:1874–1883 NE, Rawls J, Reid A, Ruby E, Rumpho M, Sanders J, Tautz • Shaffer HB, Minx P, Warren D, Shedlock A, Thomson • Wainwright DK, Kleinteich T, Kleinteich A, Gorb SN, D, Wernegreen J (2013) Animals in a bacterial world: an The Princeton Guide to Evolution is • Kronauer DJC, Tsuji K, Pierce NE, Keller L (2013) R, Valenzuela N, Abramyan J, Amemiya C, Badenhorst Summers AP (2013) Stick tight: suction adhesion on edited by a distinguished team of Non-nest mate discrimination and clonal colony structure imperative for the life sciences. PNAS 110:3229–3236 D, Biggar K, Borchert G, Botka C, Bowden R, Braun irregular surfaces in the northern clingfish.Biol Lett evolutionary biologists including in the parthenogenetic ant Cerapachys biroi. Behav Ecol • Morris RA, Dou L, Hanken J, Kelly M, Lowery DB, E, Bronikowski A, Bruneau B, Buck L, Capel B, Castoe 9:20130234 Hopi Hoekstra and editor-in-chief 24:617–622 Ludäscher B, Macklin JA, Morris PJ (2013) Semantic T, Czerwinski M, Delehaunty K, Edwards SV, Fronick • Wang IJ, Glor RE, Losos JB (2013) Quantifying the roles Edward O. Wilson reflects on Jonathan Losos. This new reference annotation of mutable data. PLoS ONE 8:e76093 C, Fujita M, Fulton L, Graves T, Green R, Haerty W, • Kültz D, Clayton DF, Robinson GE, Albertson C, Carey of ecology and geography in spatial genetic divergence. his sixty-year career as a scientist work covers the major subjects and Hariharan R, Hernandez O, et al (2013) The western HV, Cummings ME, Dewar K, Edwards SV, Hofmann • Murienne J, Benavides LR, Prendini L, Hormiga G, Ecol Lett 16:175–182 and gives advice for how the next key concepts in evolutionary biology, painted turtle genome, a model for the evolution of HA, Gross LJ, Kingsolver JG, Meaney MJ, Schlinger BA, Giribet G (2013) Forest refugia in Western and Central • Weber JN, Peterson BK, Hoekstra HE (2013) Discrete generation can succeed—and why it from genes to mass extinctions and extreme physiological adaptations in a slowly evolving contains over 100 articles. Shingleton AW, Sokolowski MB, Somero GN, Stanzione Africa as “museums” of Mesozoic biodiversity. Biol Lett genetic modules are responsible for the evolution of is vitally important that they do—in lineage. Genome Biol 14:R28 Letters to a Young Scientist. DC, Todgham AE (2013) New frontiers for organismal 9:20120932 complex burrowing behaviour in deer mice. Nature biology. BioScience 63:464–471 • Novo M, Riesgo A, Fernández-Guerra A, Giribet G • Sharma PP, Schwager EE, Giribet G, Jockusch EL, 493:402–405 Extavour CG (2013) Distal-less and dachshund pattern both • Lee SS, de Boef Miara M, Arnold AS, Biewener AA, (2013) Pheromone evolution, reproductive genes, • Wen L, Lauder GV (2013) Understanding undulatory plesiomorphic and apomorphic structures in chelicerates: Wakeling JM (2013) Accuracy of gastrocnemius forces in and comparative transcriptomics in Mediterranean locomotion in fishes using an inertia-compensated RNA interference in the harvestman Phalangium opilio walking and running goats predicted by one-element and earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Hormogastridae). flapping foil robotic device.Bioinspir Biomim 8:046013 two element Hill-type models. J Biomech 46:2288–2295 Mol Biol Evol 30:1614–1629 (Opiliones). Evol Dev 15:228–242 • Whited JL, Tsai SL, Beier KT, White JN, Piekarski N, • Sharma PP, Zardus JD, Boyle EE, González VL, Jennings • Lee SS, de Boef Miara M, Arnold AS, Biewener AA, • Pérez-Porro AR, Navarro-Gómez D, Uriz MJ, Giribet G Hanken J, Cepko CL, Tabin CJ (2013) Pseudotyped RM, McIntyre E, Wheeler WC, Etter RJ, Giribet G (2013) Wakeling JM (2013) Recruitment of faster motor units is (2013) A NGS approach to the encrusting Mediterranean retroviruses for infecting axolotl in vivo and in vitro. Into the deep: A phylogenetic approach to the bivalve associated with greater rates of fascicle strain and rapid sponge Crella elegans (Porifera, Demospongiae, Development 140:1137–1146 changes in muscle force during locomotion. J Exp Biol Poecilosclerida): transcriptome sequencing, subclass Protobranchia. Mol Phylogenet Evol 69:188–204 • Wilson EO (2013) Letters to a Young Scientist. Liveright of 216:198–207 characterization and overview of the gene expression • Shultz AJ, Burns KJ (2013) Plumage evolution in relation W. W. Norton: New York • Linnen CR, Poh Y-P, Peterson BK, Barrett RDH, Larson along three life cycle stages. Mol Ecol Resour 13:494–509 to light environment in a novel clade of Neotropical • Wollenberg KC, Wang IJ, Glor RE, Losos JB (2013) JG, Jensen JD, Hoekstra HE (2013) Adaptive evolution • Rabeling C, Kronauer DJC (2013) Evolution of tanagers. Mol Phylogenet Evol 66:112–125 Determinism in the diversification of Hispaniolan trunk- of multiple traits through multiple mutations at a single thelytokous parthenogenesis in eusocial Hymenoptera. • Smith SA, Wilson NG, Goetz FE, Feehery C, ground anoles (Anolis cybotes species complex). Evolution gene. Science 339:1312–1316 Annu Rev of Entomol 58:273–292 Andrade SCS, Rouse GW, Giribet G, Dunn CW (2013) 67:3175–3190 • Losos JB, Arnold SJ, Bejerano G, Brodie III ED, Hibbett • Raposo do Amaral F, Albers PK, Edwards SV, Miyaki Corrigendum: Resolving the evolutionary relationships of • Wu Y, Wang Y, Jiang K, Hanken J (2013) Significance D, Hoekstra HE, Mindell DP, Monteiro A, Moritz C, Orr CY (2013) Multilocus tests of Pleistocene refugia and molluscs with phylogenomic tools. Nature 493:708 of pre-Quaternary climate change for montane species HA, Petrov DA, Renner SS, Ricklefs RE, Soltis PS, Turner ancient divergence in a pair of Atlantic forest antbirds • Sosa-Calvo J, Schultz TR, Brandão CRF, Klingenberg C, Brian Farrell and MCZ Associate diversity: Insights from Asian salamanders (Salamandridae: Jessica Rykken published “Boston TL (2013) Evolutionary biology for the 21st Century. PLoS (Myrmeciza). Mol Ecol 22:3996–4013 Feitosa RM, Rabeling C, Bacci M, Lopes CT, Vasconcelos Pachytriton). Mol Phylogenet Evol 66:380–390 James Hanken, former graduate Harbor Islands All Taxa Biodiversity Biol 11:e1001466 • Revzen S, Burden SA, Mongeau J-M, Moore TY, HL (2013) Cyatta abscondita: Taxonomy, evolution, and student Carlos Infante, • Ziermann JM, Infante C, Hanken J, Olsson L (2013) Inventory: Discovering the • Losos JB, ed in chief, Daum DA, Futuyma DJ, Hoekstra Full RJ (2013) Instantaneous kinematic phase reflects natural history of a new fungus-farming ant genus from and colleagues contributed ‘microwilderness’ of an urban Morphology of the cranial skeleton and musculature in HE, Lenski RE, Moore AJ, Peichel CL, Schluter D, neuromechanical response to lateral perturbations of Brazil. PLoS ONE 8:e80498 “Morphology of the cranial island park” as part of the All Taxa the obligate carnivorous tadpole of Lepidobatrachus laevis Whitlock MC, eds (2013) The Princeton Guide to Evolution. running cockroaches. Biol Cybern 107:179–200 • Stoddard MC, Kilner RM (2013) The past, present and skeleton and musculature in the Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) (Anura: Ceratophryidae). Acta Zool 94:101–112 obligate carnivorous tadpole of project, aimed to document Princeton University Press: New Jersey • Rheindt FE, Fujita MK, Wilton PR, Edwards SV (2013) future of “cuckoos versus reed warblers.” Anim Behav • Zimkus BM, Gvozdík V (2013) Sky islands of the Lepidobatrachus laevis (Anura: arthropod and mollusk taxa in • Losos JB, Leal M (2013) The evolution of species Introgression and phenotypic assimilation in Zimmerius 85:693–699 Cameroon Volcanic Line: a diversification hotspot for Ceratophryidae)” as the cover story Boston Harbor Islands national recognition signals. Mol Ecol 22:3879–3881 flycatchers (Tyrannidae): population genetic and phylogenetic • Stuart YE, Losos JB (2013) Ecological character of Acta Zoologica. puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachidae: Phrynobatrachus). parks. inferences from genome-wide SNPs. Syst Biol 63:134–152 displacement: glass half full or half empty? Trends Ecol Evol • Lucas K, Colin SP, Costello JH, Katija K, Klos E (2013) Zool Scr 42:591–611 Fluid interactions that enable stealth predation by the • Riehl C (2013) Evolutionary routes to non-kin 28:402–408 • Zimkus BM, Larson JG (2013) Assessment of the upstream-foraging hydromedusa Craspedacusta sowerbyi. cooperative breeding in birds. P R Soc Lond B Bio • Taboada S, Junoy J, Andrade SCS, Giribet G, Cristobo amphibians of Batéké Plateau National Park, Gabon, Biol Bull 225:60–70 280:20132245 J, Avila C (2013) On the identity of two Antarctic including results of chytrid pathogen tests. Salamandra brooding nemerteans: redescription of Antarctonemertes • Maddin HC, Fröbisch N, Evans DC, Milner AR (2013) • Rovito SM, Parra-Olea G, Hanken J, Bonett R, Wake 49:159–170 Reappraisal of Tersomius texensis (Temnospondyli, DB (2013) Adaptive radiation in miniature: the minute valida (Bürger, 1893) and description of a new species Dissorophoidea) and some referred material. C R Paleovol salamanders of the Mexican highlands (Amphibia: in the genus Antarctonemertes Friedrich, 1955 (Nemertea, 12:447–461 Plethodontidae: Thorius). Biol J Linn Soc 109:622–643 Hoplonemertea). Polar Biol 36:1415–1430

28 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 29 MCZ PERSONNEL

Faculty-Curators Edward O. Wilson Ana Lucia Miranda Tourinho Kadeem Gilbert Andrew A. Biewener Honorary Curator in Entomology; Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Entomology, Pierce Lab Financial Data Pellegrino University Professor, Emeritus Charles P. Lyman Professor of Biology; Gerard Talavera Mor Patrick Gorring Director, Concord Field Station Entomology, Pierce Lab Entomology, Farrell Lab Postdoctoral Fellows, These charts describe the income and expenses of the Museum of Comparative Zoology in fiscal year 2014. Scott V. Edwards Research Associates Brant Peterson Philip Grayson Professor of Organismic & & Visiting Scholars Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Evolutionary Biology; Alexander Yu-Ping Poh Alexis Harrison Endowment income funds much of the Museum’s activities, Special Project–NW Collections includes deployment Agassiz Professor of Zoology; Curator Sonia da Silva Andrade of Ornithology Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab including acquisition and maintenance of collections, of collections to the newly constructed space in Brian D. Farrell Allison Arnold-Rife Sebationan Pohl Michael Brent Hawkins faculty and staff salaries, capital projects, facilities the Northwest Building. Building expenses such as Professor of Biology; Curator of Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Entomology, Pierce Lab Herpetology, Hanken Lab renovation and maintenance. Included in Endowment maintenance, facility improvements and utilities are Entomology; Director, David Rockefeller Niclas Backström Christian Rabeling Emily Jacobs-Palmer Center for Latin American Studies Ornithology, Edwards Lab Entomology, Pierce Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab income is the annual distribution, revenue generated from captured in the Space & Occupancy category. Operating Gonzalo Giribet Rowan D. H. Barrett Robert Graham Reynolds Zofia Kaliszewska assets purchased through endowments, and endowed funds Expenses consist of equipment purchases, supplies, Professor of Organismic & Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab Entomology, Pierce Lab Evolutionary Biology; Alexander decapitalized per donor request. Transfers include Harvard and consultant and conference fees, as well as annual Agassiz Professor of Zoology; Curator Andres Bendesky Frank Rheindt Ambika Kamath Ornithology, Edwards Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab University-funded faculty research, financial support for subventions to the Department of Organismic and of Invertebrate Zoology Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Partha Bhagavatula Ivo Ros Emily Kay the Ernst Mayr Library, and other Harvard-funded projects. Evolutionary Biology (OEB) for administrative services. James Hanken Professor of Biology; Alexander Agassiz Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Other Income comprises miscellaneous income from Support for MCZ-affiliated graduate students in OEB is Professor of Zoology; Curator of María del Rosario Castañeda Lori Shapiro Evan Kingsley publication subscriptions, royalties, sales and fees, and included in Scholarships, Awards & Travel. Institutional Herpetology; Director, MCZ Herpetology, Losos Lab Entomology, Pierce Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab other cost recovery from other MCZ-sponsored activities. Expenses are support for other University activities Hopi E. Hoekstra Rodney Eastwood Emma Sherratt Mara Laslo Professor of Organismic & Entomology, Pierce Lab Herpetology, Losos Lab Herpetology, Hanken Lab Evolutionary Biology; Professor Overhead is funding paid from MCZ-based sponsored outside the MCZ, including FAS and University initiatives Shantanu Shukla Christopher Laumer of Molecular & Cellular Biology; Marianne Espeland Entomology, Pierce Lab Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab projects to cover facilities and administrative costs for those and general operating support to the Harvard Museum of Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology; Entomology, Pierce Lab projects. It is shown as both income (Overhead Earned) Natural History. Curator of Mammalogy; Howard Rosa Maria Fernandez Garcia Yung Wa Sin Zachary Lewis Hughes Medical Institute Investigator; Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Herpetology, Hanken Lab and expenses (Overhead Charged). Harvard College Professor Heidi Fisher Flavia Termignoni Kelsey Lucas George V. Lauder Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Ornithology, Edwards Lab Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Professor of Biology; Henry Bryant Anu Veijalainen Briana McHorse Bigelow Professor of Ichthyology; Adam Freedman Income Expenses & Non-Operating Funds Entomology, Farrell Lab Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Curator of Ichthyology Herpetology & Mammalogy, Losos & Hoekstra Labs Charles D. Williams Hillery Metz Jonathan B. Losos Matthew Fujita Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Overhead Transfers 2% Nonfederal Sponsored Space & Institutional Expenses 15% Professor of Organismic & Overhead Evolutionary Biology; Monique & Ornithology, Edwards Lab Talia Moore Earned 3% Revenue 2% Occupancy 11% Graduate Students Gifts 2% Charged Operating Philip Lehner Professor for the Study of Natalie Holt Herpetology & Concord Field Station, Federal Other Income 1% (Sponsored) Expenses Latin America; Curator of Herpetology Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Christopher Baker Losos & Biewener Labs Sponsored 21% Entomology, Pierce Lab 3% James J. McCarthy Martha Muñoz Revenue Travis Ingram Professor of Biological Oceanography; Herpetology, Losos Lab Maude Baldwin Herpetology, Losos Lab 10% Ornithology, Edwards Lab Scholarships, Alexander Agassiz Professor of Shayla Salzman Biological Oceanography; Acting Betul Kacar Awards & Herpetology, Losos Lab Nicole Bedford Entomology, Pierce Lab Curator of Malacology Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Travel 2% Elizabeth Sefton Naomi E. Pierce Christopher Kenaley Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Leonora Bittleston Herpetology, Hanken Lab Special Sidney A. & John H. Hessel Professor Entomology, Pierce Lab Allison Shultz Project−NW of Biology; Curator of Entomology Julia Klaczko Herpetology, Losos Lab Katherine Boronow Ornithology, Edwards Lab Collections Stephanie E. Pierce Herpetology, Losos Lab 2% Capitalized Balances Salaries & Fringe Assistant Professor of Organismic Sarah Kocher Bruno Souza de Medeiros John Boyle Entomology, Farrell Lab Endowment 80% <1% Benefits 46% & Evolutionary Biology; Curator of Entomology, Pierce Lab Vertebrate Paleontology Entomology, Pierce Lab Sebastian Kvist Kari Taylor-Burt Robert M. Woollacott Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Alexandra Brown Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Professor of Biology; Curator of Marine Entomology, Farrell Lab Income Expenses Jean-Marc Lassance Wenfei Tong Invertebrates Rebecca Buckman Endowment $14,146,220 Salaries & Fringe Benefits $8,193,171 Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Federal Sponsored Revenue $1,780,583 Operating Expenses $3,662,857 Emeritus Faculty Fabio Laurindo da Silva Kira Treibergs Entomology, Farrell Lab Shane Campbell-Staton Marine Invertebrates, Woollacott Lab Overhead Earned $547,104 Institutional Expenses $2,602,858 Kenneth J. Boss Ornithology, Edwards Lab Faculty-Curator, Emeritus; Sarah Lemer Dylan Wainwright Nonfederal Sponsored Revenue $427,397 Space & Occupancy $1,939,583 Professor of Biology, Emeritus Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Glenna Clifton Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Transfers $404,405 Overhead Charged (Sponsored) $547,104 Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab A.W. “Fuzz” Crompton Mark Liu Xuemai Zhai Gifts $315,453 Scholarships, Awards & Travel $348,103 Faculty-Curator, Emeritus; Fisher Ornithology, Edwards Lab Mark Cornwall Biological Oceanography, McCarthy Lab Professor of Natural History, Emeritus Entomology, Pierce Lab Other Income $154,915 Special Project–NW Collections* $292,319 David Lubertazzi Herbert W. Levi Tauana Cunha Associates Capitalized Balances $88,824 Global Ant Project, Wilson Lab Total $17,776,077 Faculty-Curator, Emeritus; Alexander Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Gary Alpert Hillary Maddin Associate of Entomology Total $17,674,820 Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus Amanda Evans Herpetology, Hanken Lab Harvard University Richard C. Lewontin Entomology, Farrell Lab Ricardo Mallarino Brian S. Arbogast * In FY14, $2,009,204 in prior year NW Collections expenses were transferred from Professor of Biology, Emeritus; Alexander Kara Feilich Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Associate of Mammalogy MCZ accounts to FAS Physical Resources accounts (funded by MCZ in FY12) Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus Ichthyology, Lauder Lab University of North Carolina Wilmington

30 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 31 MCZ PERSONNEL MCZ PERSONNEL

Bruce Archibald Gustavo Hormiga Jury Rudyakov Emily Braker Jennifer Lenihan Deborah Smiley Daniel Makholm Kristin Pennarun Associate of Entomology Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Managing Editor, MCZ and HUH Mammalogy Manager of OEB Research Commonwealth of Massachusetts Zoology Administration Services Simon Fraser University The George Washington University Constance Brichford Margaret Starvish Alexander Mastriano Aaron Bauer Helen F. James Jessica Rykken Curatorial Assistant, Collections Lisa Litchfield Faculty/Collection Assistant, Herpetology Christopher Preheim Associate of Entomology Operations Administrator, Concord Field Station Ichthyology & Entomology Senior Academic Administrator Associate of Herpetology Associate of Ornithology Caroline McKay Harvard University Villanova University National Museum of Natural History, Ronnie Broadfoot David Lowery Tsuyoshi Takahashi Ernst Mayr Library Keleigh Quinn Smithsonian Chris Schneider Circulation/Reference, Ernst Mayr Library Project Programmer, Filtered Push Grant Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology & Senior Research Administrator Reinier Beeuwkes, III Jessica Mitchell Associate of Herpetology Collections Operations Associate of Zoology Alan Kabat Christopher Carden Joseph Martinez Ernst Mayr Library Peg Richards Boston University Ischemix Company Associate of Malacology Cataloger, Biodiversity Heritage Library Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology Jennifer Thomson Financial Assistant Rachel Moon Attorney, Bernabei & Wachtel Cagan ¸ ˘ H. Sekercioglu ¸ ˘ Faculty/Collection Assistant, Andrew Berry Judith Chupasko Charles McCallum Ernst Mayr Library Damari Rosado Associate of Ornithology Populations Genetics Associate of Population Genetics Leslie S. Kaufman Curatorial Associate, Mammalogy Project Programmer, Filtered Push Grant Associate Director of Administration University of Utah Robert Morris Harvard University Associate of Ichthyology Diana Tingley Turmenne April Collins Patrick McCormack Biodiversity Informatics Anna Salvato Boston University Andrea Sequeira Curatorial Assistant, Collections Elizabeth Brainerd Acquisitions and Technology Curatorial Assistant, Entomology, NSF Manager of Financial Operations Associate of Entomology Operations Jessica Mullen Associate of Ichthyology Gisele Y. Kawauchi Specialist, Ernst Mayr Library ADBC Grant Wellesley College Malacology Geoff Tierney Brown University Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Jeremiah Trimble Stefan Cover Juri Miyamae Associate Director of Finance & University of São Paulo Scott R. Shaw Curatorial Associate, Ornithology Julianne Pelaez Jae Choe Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Curatorial Assistant, Collections Research Administration Associate of Entomology Entomology Associate of Entomology Timothy Laman Operations Catherine Weisel University of Wyoming Jessica Cundiff Ewha Womans University Associate of Ornithology Museum Project Coordinator Valeria Marie Pelet Curatorial Associate, Invertebrate & Richard Monk National Geographic Joel Sohn Ernst Mayr Library The MCZ deeply appreciates Janet Collett Vertebrate Paleontology Database Programmer, Collections Ken Wilcox Associate of Ichthyology Associate of Population Genetics Ruth Hortencia Bastardo Landrau Operations Building Superintendent, Concord Laura Sender the additional support and Golden Mountain Trading Company (CA) Joseph DeVeer University of Sussex Associate of Entomology Field Station Collections Operations Head of Technical Services, Ernst Paul J. Morris contributions of numerous Universidad Autónoma de Santo Stephen Tilley Bruce Collette Mayr Library Biodiversity Informatics Manager Victoria Wilke Kaitlin Sheridan interns and undergraduate Domingo Associate of Herpetology Associate of Ichthyology Curatorial Assistant, Collections Invertebrate Zoology Smith College Katherine Eldridge Monica Mowery students during the 2013–2014 National Marine Fisheries Service Phillip Lobel Operations Curatorial Assistant, Ornithology Curatorial Assistant, Entomology, NSF Molly Solomon Associate of Ichthyology James Traniello academic year. David Bruce Conn ADBC Grant Andrew Williston Malacology Boston University Associate of Entomology Charles Farnum Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Curatorial Assistant, Ichthyology Berry College David Lohman Boston University Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Catherine Musinsky Kathryn Stephens Faculty/Collection Assistant, Jonathan Woodward Ernst Mayr Library Associate of Entomology David Wagner Helene Ferranti James Costa Mammalogy Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology & The City College of New York Associate of Entomology Faculty/Collection Assistant, Amy Vo Associate of Entomology Collections Operations Western Carolina University Vladimir A. Lukhtanov University of Connecticut Biological Oceanography & Marine John Nevins Ernst Mayr Library MCZ Faculty Biology Laboratory Systems Manager for Robert Young Associate of Entomology David Wake The MCZ’s charter, signed in Catherine Craig Biological Oceanography & Marine Special Collections Librarian, Ernst Encyclopedia of Russian Academy of Sciences Associate of Herpetology Dana Fisher 1859, mandates that the Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Biology Mayr Library Life, Learning + Conservation Through Poverty James Mallet University of California, Berkeley Assistant to the Librarian/Special Museum’s activities will be Collections, Ernst Mayr Library Somer O’Brien Breda Zimkus Education Group overseen by a governing Alleviation, International Associate of Population Genetics Marvalee Wake Staff Assistant, Concord Field Station Cryogenics Collections Manager for Tracy Barbaro board, the Faculty of the Harvard University Associate of Herpetology Linda S. Ford Harlan Dean Genetic Resources Project Coordinator Museum of Comparative University of California, Berkeley Director, Collections Operations Mark Omura Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Duane McKenna Zoology. Curatorial Assistant, Mammalogy Jeffrey T. Holmes Harvard University Associate of Entomology Philip S. Ward Brendan Haley Temporary Staff University of Memphis Digital Learning Editor Dr. John D. Constable Lloyd Demetrius Associate of Entomology Senior Database Manager Philip Perkins Sarah Cohen Curatorial Associate, Entomology Associate of Population Genetics Russell Mittermeier University of California, Davis Karsten Hartel Malacology Marie M. Studer Mr. Robert G. Goelet Learning + Education Director Harvard University Associate of Herpetology Jacqueline Webb Curatorial Associate, Ichthyology Bridget Power Conservation International Ashley Correia Mr. George Putnam, Jr. Philip DeVries Associate of Ichthyology Faculty/Collection Assistant, Rachel Hawkins Ernst Mayr Library Administration for the Mr. George Putnam, III Associate of Entomology Piotr Naskrecki University of Rhode Island Invertebrate & Vertebrate Paleontology Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Margaret Crane Department of Organismic University of New Orleans Associate of Entomology R. Haven Wiley Pedro Ramirez Dr. Barbara Jil Wu Conservation International Andra Hollis Ernst Mayr Library & Evolutionary Biology Gregory D. Edgecombe Associate of Ornithology Research Assistant, Concord Field Station Mr. Paul J. Zofnass Staff Assistant, Concord Field Station Tatiana de Souza Varges Krista Carmichael Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Martin Nweeia University of North Carolina Jignasha Rana Kathleen Horton Collections Operations Senior Research Administrator President Drew Gilpin Faust Natural History Museum, England Associate of Mammalogy Cheryl Wilga Curatorial Assistant, Collections Harvard School of Dental Medicine Faculty/Collection Assistant, Ben Evans Associate of Ichthyology Operations Caroline DeVane Rebecca Chetham Entomology Collections Operations Executive Director Associate of Herpetology Diane B. Paul University of Rhode Island Murat Recevik Nikki Hughes McMaster University Associate of Population Genetics Judith Winston Curatorial Assistant, Malacology Ann Downer-Hazell Irv Dumay Harvard University Faculty/Collection Assistant, EOL Learning + Education Group Building Manager Richard Glor Associate of Marine Biology Mammalogy Mark Renczkowski Associate of Herpetology David L. Pawson Virginia Museum of Natural History Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Anne Everly Paul Dwyer Acknowledgements University of Rochester Associate of Marine Biology Amie Jones Paleontology Herpetology Mailroom Staff Assistant This annual report was produced Smithsonian National Museum of Staff Faculty/Collection Assistant, Kelvin A. Guerrero Entomology Constance Rinaldo Jane Harrison Jeannette Everritt by the Office of the Director of the Natural History Melissa Aja Associate of Entomology Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Ornithology Administrative Coordinator Museum of Comparative Zoology. Systematic Entomologist/ Stewart Peck Faculty/Collection Assistant, Marcia Kazmierczak Jason Green Environmental Consultant Associate of Entomology Herpetology Faculty/Collection Assistant, Alana Rivera Gwendolyn Fougy Henry Editors Financial Associate Carleton University Herpetology Curatorial Assistant, Malacology Ernst Mayr Library James Hanken, Director Michael Hadfield Adam Baldinger Megan McHugh Catherine Weisel, Museum Associate of Marine Biology Paulo Petry Curatorial Associate, Invertebrate Maureen Kelly José Rosado Madeleine Higgins Human Resources Coordinator Projects Coordinator University of Hawaii Associate of Ichthyology Zoology, Malacology & Marine Project Programmer, Filtered Push Grant Curatorial Associate, Herpetology Mammalogy The Nature Conservancy Invertebrates Philip Norton Anthony Herrel Michelle Kennedy Mary Sears Jyhjong Hwang Copy, Design & Production Assistant Building Manager Associate of Herpetology Steve Poe Dorothy Barr Collections Information & Database Head of Public Services, Ernst Mayr Collections Operations Cyndi Wood Muséum National d’Histoire Associate of Herpetology Public Services/MCB Liaison Specialist Library Delande Justinvil Jeremiah O’Connor Creative Project Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Naturelle, Paris University of New Mexico Laura Leibensperger Diane Sheridan Concord Field Station Financial Analyst Management, Inc. creativeprojectmgmt.com Berthold Hölldobler Michael Rex Penny Benson Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Faculty/Collection Assistant, Joanna Larson Monica Oyama Associate of Entomology Associate of Malacology Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Zoology, Zoology Invertebrate Zoology Cryogenic Collections Financial Associate Arizona State University University of Massachusetts, Boston Malacology & Marine Invertebrates

32 Museum of Comparative Zoology Annual Report 2013–2014 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 617.495.2460 www.mcz.harvard.edu