VOL. 1 No. 5 NOVEMBER, 1949 Registered at G.P.O., Sydney, for transmission by post as a periodical
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2 "Australian RA DIO and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 BOB DYER I-- comedian-compere of the "Atlantic Show," heard over station 2UW Sydney every Satur- day night at 8 p.m., offers a 130 guinea jewelled watch to a contestant.
• Here, Bob Dyer is measuring runs in the "Longest Ladder" competition during a recent "Atlantic Show" featured on 2UW.
e Clive Amadio (saxaphone) with two members of his Quintet, Olga Krasnik (piano) and Edward Cochman (violin). The Quintet has been a feature of ABC programmes for more than 10 years, and brings to Sunday evening listeners programmes of pleasant and distinctive music. Featured on Interstate from 2FC at 7.30 p.m.
e Fred Hartley rehearses a number with his ensemble in Sydney. They are L to R: Fred Hartley, Don BruceII (clarinet), Don Andrews (guitar), Eddie Fisher (bass), Phyllis McDonald (1st violin), Pat Buchanan (2nd violin), Rosalind Gumpertz (viola) and Muriel Lang (cello). Tssice weekly from the ABC; Saturdays 6.30 p.m. from 2BL. National, and Sundays at 5.30 p.m. through 2FC, Interstate.
November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 3 PERFECT FOR PORTABLES This NEW ROLA ELLIPTICAL LOUDSPEAKER
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"Austlalian RADIO and TELEVISION News" November, 1949 AUSTRALIAN
RADIO AND TELEVISION NEWS THE PROGRESSIVE NATIO NAL JOURNAL FOR EVERYBODY
EDITED BY DON B. KNOCK
Proprietors : HAYNOCK PRESS PTY. LIMITED, Publishers Directors: A. E. HAY, F.R.S.A., MI R E., Business and Advertising D. B. KNOCK, MI R E., (Aust.) M.W.I.A. Editorial Advertising Representative, N.S.W., D. R. WARDEN All Correspondence: Box 5177, General Post Office, Sydney Telegrams and Cables: "HAYNOCK", Sydney Telephones: Editorial and General, }Iv 2443. Publishing and Advertising, JR 3212, Secretary, BW 1633 Victorian Representative: R. HAIG-MUIR, A.M.I.R.E. Melbourne Office: 29 Collins Place. 'Phone Cent. 1061 Telegraphic Address: "LITCHFILM", Mélbourne Advertising Space Rates available on application
VOL. 1 No. 5 NOVEMBER, 1949
FEATURES THIS MONTH . . . Page
Editorial ..,.. '7 Television, Entertainment, and the Stage 8 Telenews 11 Martian Megacycles or Earthbound Electrons? 12 Broadcasting Brevities 14 Provincial Broadcaster-4T0 Townsville, N. Queensland 18 Design and Construction, Voltage Amplifiers 20 In Lighter Vein 28 Short-Waves 32 Reader's Floodlight 33 Com mercial Broadcasting News 34 RadiotiPs for Practical People 35 Round the Turntable 38 In Tune with the Trade 33 Amateur Radio Section 42 Reader's Exchange and Mart 50
Price per single copy one shilling. Subscription rate I2/- a year posted free to any address in Australia. 12/. Sty. to British Empire excepting Canada. Canada and USA. 2 dollars 50 for one year. All other countries 15/-. The Editor invites contributions on any topic covering radio, television, home interests and handicrafts in general. Con- structional articles are acceptable but these must be suitable for perusal by non-academic readers. Short stories and humourous articles will • also be considered. If accepted, contributions will be paid for upon publication. A stamped addressed envelope MUST accompany all MSS for return if considered unsuitable. "Australian RADIO and TELE- VISION News" is distributed through wholesale channels by Gordon & Cotch (Australasia) Limited. The publishers will permit the re-publication of Editorial matter only by written permission, otherwise the contents of this journal are strictly copyright.
THIS M O NTH'S COVER ILLUSTRATIO N:— • Despite the fact that modern short-wave receivers use bandswitching, the plug-in coil is as useful as ever fur the home-made receiver.
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6 "Australian RA DIO and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 AUSTRALIAN AND READ AND RADIO A MAGAZINE ENJOY FOR EVERYBODY TELEVISION NEWS
Vol. 1, No. 5. SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA. November, 1949
Piet Wee PPepa9ailet4 European Misuse of Frequencies A Vital Factor in Shaping the World of TO-MORRO W
FEW months ago a prominent American Com- broadcasting to him, and he doesn't care what happen's munications Engineer expressed the opinion that to other services so long as he gets what he wants." Aof the 300 million people throughout the world It cannot be denied that short-wave broadcasting has who daily listen to some form of broadcasting, less than been and is being mis-used; one has but to listen to 3 per cent. hear any form of direct short-wave broad- that portion of the spectrum that was once the exclusive casting. The guess is probably somewhere near the amateur "forty metre band" to note the early morning mark, and that being so, the thought arises about the chaos. Europe is a seething mass of broadcasters, not appalling wastage of valuable frequency channels. One even to those who cannot really understand the language, has only to run over the short-wave range of a dual- particularly kindly disposed to each other. The ironical wave receiver to know that thousands of stations, large part of it is that in Continental countries for whom the and small, are continuously jostling each other, churning anti-Western propaganda is intended, most of the peoples out programmes of all kinds in languages of all kinds. are too poor to live decently, let alone afford the dubiou's Prior to the war, these frequencies were notable as being luxury of a radio receiver capable of receiving these a verbal battleground for the Axis Dictators, with intensi- transmissions. It is an insane state of affairs. The fication of vituperation and hate as the war proceeded. communication channels are inundated with propaganda, Then came the end, and the Lord Haw Haw's were no and as this journal sees it, the talking shop of Atlantic more. Now, with the rumble of war hardly receded City didn't result in any real control over mis-users of from memory, the higher frequency channels are again channels; the same old state of affairs exists. At the a stamping ground for propaganda and falsehood, look close of each year the Christian world likes to stress the at it which way you will. There are countries employing virtue of "Peace on earth and goodwill toward men." powerful radiations to blot out or otherwise interfere That condition will not be helped by the mis-use of com- with transmissions of other nations . . . . it is the vicious munication frequencies. A much better thing for the use of short-wave radio all over again. A year or so world would be for men with authority and foresight in ago there took place the world conference for the allo- their own countries to give the amateur the means to cation of frequency channels at Atlantic City, U.S.A., spread goodwill among nations by widening instead of where spokesmen for countries large and small decided restricting frequencies. Short-wave broadcasting is, if the future of the long-distance frequency spectrum for used as in Britain and Dominions, a valuable asset. In a period of years. Said the publication "QST" at the weary years of war the tones of Big Ben were an eloquent time . . . . "It is difficult to portray adequately the greed, assurance that the hub of the British Empire was still rapacity and general radio dumbness of the average in situ. Short-wave broadcasting of the British and foreign spokesman for government broadcasting. With American kind amply justifies the use of valuable exceptions, of course, he is commonly a rather high- channels. They would .have a better case to present powered political character, not a real radio man and for continuation than some others if called up to justify not a technical man, caring less than anything for the claims to frequencies. communication services, and rioting in the plenipotentiary powers given him by his government. Radio means only DON. B. KNOCK.
November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 7 TELEVISION, ENTERTAINMENT, and Ste15112 Jecitniqui2
By VIDEX
There are many important aspects of Television, bearing upon the re- action of the viewer and the performing artist, which are not at first consideration apparent. Our contributor here throws some light on the subject from rather unexpected but sound angles. He is well familiar with everything that modern Television has to offer, and just what it presents in the way of problems. As he is a London correspondent his remarks may be taken as right up-to-date.
HE first thing that occurs to is organised (there is no technical the man who will be interested obstacle in these days) Australian "Once the picture starts, you simply keep on Tin what he may see on Tele- viewers should be able to enjoy in looking." vision is, just what kind of enter- their own homes every form of tainment is likely to be offered? everyday entertainment, which means Also, will it be sufficiently diversified film and stage presentations, topical does the movie screen, and there is as to hold one's interest as time goes and sporting events, talks, inter- the intriguing fact that you are on, over periods of weeks and views and other events . . . SEEN actually watching things AS THEY months? Under the heading of en- and HEARD at the very moment HAPPEN. The fact also is one tertainment we can classify many they take place. The possibilities having a tremendous bearing on the obvious things. For example: think- are so numerous that they open up a reactions of the people who go before ing, listening to conversation, read- vast field. Here in London the stage the TV cameras . . . . of which ing, watching objects in motion, and side of Television has given viewers more anon. Once the picture starts so on. Many people find it essential a very attractive bill of fare during . . . you simply keep on looking . . . that they be entertained by others; the last twelve months. They have you find that you don't want to miss some can entertain themselves with been able to see and thoroughly en- anything on that receiver screen. little difficulty. Entertainment, how- joy "Hamlet," Margaret Lockwood This would, of course, not be the ever, in the sense of screen and stage, in Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion," case if there were technical imper- is something that concerns people "Blythe Spirit," "Here Come the fections in TV transmission and re- essentially in that it is dependent Boys," Sir Malcolm Sargent, and ception to contend with; but the ex- upon the process of seeing. Well to others. Other notable transmissions perimental period for modern Tele- the forefront in this respect we find included the Olympic Games, the vision was done with in pre-war sport, newsreel films, film and stage Lord Mayor's Show, and the Royal years. Clarity and detail is quite plays. If you ask whether or not remarkable, and in my opinion any these may be applied with full effect suggestion that the 405 line British on Television, the unhesitating Standard is behind the times is just answer is YES. nonsense. If you can pick out a trace of the lines on an Alexandra Palace transmission, then you must be blessed (or cursed) with the multifarious eyes of a house-fly! Television has certainly come to stay . . . . it is sweeping the country very quickly, and nothing can stop it. Knowing the Australian love of entertainment and sport, I say with confidence that TV will "catch on" in Australia with speedy momentum, and the public is fortunate to have available at this pre-establishment stage a publication such as "Aus- Wedding. You could sit in your tralian RADIO & TELEVISION flat and watch Sir Don Bradman News." One of the most popular hitting sixers. transmissions from the London Tele- Let me assure you that familiarity vision station is called "Picture with the little picture on the receiver Page." This brings all manner of Variety Of Entertainment screen becomes something of an ob- interesting people to the screen, This new medium, all the time session, for the reason that human and there is nothing haphazard about gathering momentum in Britain and beings react to the sense of seeing it. Those who plan the programming U.S.A., will, it seems, be established more easily than to hearing. The must needs have the advanced mental before long in Australian Capital Television screen virtually insists vision of the movie director who Cities. Once the administrative side that you concentrate on it, just as visualises the ultimate effect.
8 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" No ,ember, 1949 How TV Plays Are Planned and MUST be right from the start. One for a stage play, and whilst shows Produced cannot go back and start all over are being prepared and rehearsed, again. That, too, goes for "live" there are afternoon and evening With a suitable play available, the broadcast plays, but what the show transmissions in progress at the same producer and staff get busy for looks like to broadcast listeners re- time. Very careful planning is about a month before the actual per- lying on a loud-speaker alone to needed, not only by the producer, but formance. Rehearsals are quite convey "atmosphere" is neither here by the entire staff, which includes similar to ordinary stage preparation nor there. engineers, lighting people, camera excepting that they are much shorter. The Television actor must play in crews and stage hands. Lack of None of this takes place at the Tele- dead silence but must still be able studio space is a severe handicap vision studios, but on the day for to produce the same effects as if in the present studio arrangements the scheduled transmission, a re- he had been interrupted by a hearty of the London service, but this will hearsal is held in the studio, and for laugh, from the audience. In ordinary be overcome in the near future. the first time the cast goes through stage work an actor has the audience Lighting itself, although fundament- the show with the actuary scenery, "out there' to help him time his ally similar to film studio require- props and lighting. Then, when the "patter," etc. He has time, when ments, is a specialised business be- show actually goes on the air right there is a laugh interruption, to think cause of the many "shots" involving after the "work-out" the players get of his next line or so, and to say close-up, long-shots, etc. Then, when on with their job just as if they them. From audience reaction he a Television show is over, there is no are playing to a crowded house at a takes his cue to raise or lower the question of retaining the scenery and theatre. But . . . . there are very voice, or alter intonation. In other props, it must needs be torn down important differences. words, the interruptions can be ex- at once to make way for a new set- ploited. The dramatic actor can read up. Obviously, the Television studios Television Actors Face Unusual warning signals similarly . . . a of the near future will have abundant Techniques spate of coughing among the audi- stage space and will be able to utilize a succession of prepared sets; which Whereas there is ample room on ence may be indication that people are bored . . . or not interested, will relieve some of the strain on the theatre stage for players to those who at present do a magnificent move around, the Television set-up and he knows at once, or should do, job under very arduous conditions. calls for a strict maintenance of that he is "off the rails." Audi- ences don't cough overmuch at plays Much of the popularity and success individual positions to permit the with the public of British Television camera to take everything in. The if they are really interested. When the time for exit comes, if an actor is due to the untiring work and en- has amply pleased an audience, the thusiasm of those who work like surge of applause tells him that he Trojans at Alexandra Palace to en- has got over well. Not so with sure that each show shall be of the Television . . . in TV all that is best possible calibre. completely absent. There must be reliance on good acting and experi- About Prices ence to be successful. Remember Naturally, "viewers," having paid these things about a Television play, out a lot of money for receivers, especially if you are a broadcaster expect to have something good in with aspirations. A Television play return. The cost of sets is at pre- is a reproduction of a performance sent high, but undoubtedly it will being actually put over at the initial come down. As I write this there time. When you look at a movie is the announcement of the new £45 film, and hear the accompanying receiver by E.M.I., and with that lead sound, you are seeing something of it may be considered certain that a "canned" nature. The action took other manufacturers will do likewise. place months, and perhaps years ago. You don't see the actors . . . . What Of the Future? they aren't there in person. They are merely images on a screen. There are people who say that Television is a threat to the stage camera comes in for close-ups and In Television the actors are vir- goes back for long-shots, and all the tually THERE at the instant . . . . in and screen, but a little reflection will show that both the long-established time there is some of the atmosphere person, and they are facing an ordeal mediums will never be killed by Tele- of a movie set. But in acting for in that they MUST remember words vision. The screen will be enhanced Television there is a technique that and action on the instant. Con- is neither stage nor film in concept versely, the audience looking at the by the addition, but the stage will always be the same. Silents, talkies . . . . it is simply Television, and it screens of their Television receivers, and radio have not, as was predicted, is an exacting taskmaster. In the are sub-consciously aware that those affected the stage adversely. Rather first place, the actor must be good actors are there actually in person. at his or her job, which goes with- have they helped it. There is every There is really a much more inti- probability that Television will do out much comment, but the important mate and personal feeling of con- much to raise the standard of the thing is that he or she must be tact than could ever be the case entertainment world in general, for good enough to get personality on to with film portrayal. the Television screen without any the well-known stars of stage, screen and broadcasting studio will have audience reaction at all, yet know- Production Problems ing all the time that critical eyes are greater publicity than ever before, watching, and ears are listening. If As with the preparation needed and also, new stars will be created. and when the audience applauds, the for stage work, Television produc- The time will come, when Television Television actors don't know a thing tion calls for a large amount of is an every-day medium in most of about it. Neither do ordinary film organisation, but with the difference our homes, that people will go to actors . . . but there is a vast differ- that the final polish must be given the theatres to actually see from a ence. The film player can be called to the rehearsals in about a third flesh-and-blood angles, the stars who upon again and again to re-act a of the time. Costuming has to be have been so attractive to them on scene or portion thereof until con- done, scenery painted, and props se- their Television screens. sidered perfect. With Television, it cured in a fraction of the time taken
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"Australian RADIO and TELEVISION Newt" November, 1949 iieeaewsi Wide use of color telecasts for Addressing the Junior Chamber medical instruction already is under of Commerce in Melbourne recently, way in the United States. Members C. A. W. Harmer, 0.B.E., Technical of the American Medical Association, Director of Pye Ltd., of Cambridge, at their annual convention in Atlantic England, made the following points. City, New Jersey, early in June, saw color telecasts of operations being Main difficulty presented by tele- performed at the Atlantic City Hos- vision in Australia would be financial, pital. this because of great expense in pro- viding suitable programmes. There "Vaudeo": At least one American seemed to be several ways the prob- thinks British television surpasses lem could be tackled. It might be that that in U.S.A. Lloyd Espenschied, "A" and "B" licenses could be issued one of the inventors of coaxial cable, in the same way as with ordinary says: "I wouldn't give a damn for broadcasting but with this difference anything I've seen—it's the same as —the Government could not light- sound broadcasting—permeated with heartedly say it would issue licenses commercialism from beginning to to all existing "B" Class stations. end. We in the United States ought There would not be enough room in to be ashamed. The British have the ether. The answer might be for done a far better cultural job in both the "B" Class broadcasting stations COLOR TELEVISION sound and television broadcasting." in various centres of population to CENE: Operating room, Univer- group together in the operation of a Ssity of Pennsylvania Hospital in THE TELEVISION ERA joint television station. the United States. Date: May 31, 1949. Action: Skilled hands of a ROM the point of view of those Whatever the ultimate answer, master surgeon swiftly and deftly Fwho have to c.reate programmes, there is a wonderful opportunity for bringing a baby into the world by certain problems predominate which Australia to strike a happy medium between total State ownership of caesarian section. Camera: Television will have to be resolved as television Britain and the system prevailing in —in natural color. comes to maturity. Take the case of the theatrical manager. One trans- America, where there are only com- Thus, natural-color television was mission of a play by television will mercial stations. used for the first time for medical be equivalent to, say, a six months' instruction in U.S.A. This develop- Services to rural areas do not in- run at a large theatre. volve insuperable problems. They ment makes it possible for hundreds There is the situation of the actor; of medical students and physicians, • could be provided by inexpensive tele- it is not only that his total earn- vision relay stations. These could seated before TV screens, to observe ings from the run of a play may be exactly what the operating surgeon be linked by air with the main city lessened; it is possible that his en- stations or could broadcast news and sees. They can watch his every move gagements may be fewer, not only at close range as he demonstrates other films made especially for tele- in the playhouse but on the air. In vision. the latest advances in medical tech- Churchillian phrase: "Never before nique and procedures. By means of will so many have been entertained In the development of programmes a tiny microphone strapped inside his by so few." And those artists pos- and technical development of TV gauze mask, the surgeon can explain sessing only radio reputations have generally England is far ahead of his actions as he performs them. their special anxiety, for their situ- America. Television is an entirely Before the advent of television, ation will be like that of the actors new form of entertainment. The only one or two students were able of the silent screen when they found gags that helped to build up theatre to look over the surgeon's shoulder. themselves suddenly confronted with audiences are often lost on a tele- Other observers sat in tiers around the "talkies." Some survived the vision audience, and whereas children the operating table, too far away to change of technique and grew to can be excluded from a theatre, they see the fine details. — greater strength and success; others cannot be excluded from a television audience. These things made neces- While wide use has been made fell by the wayside. Matters adjusted sary a modification of acting styles. of black-and-white television pic- themselves finally; so they will tures in the last few years, natural- again. Australia, an ideal country for tele- color television is an even greater vision, is obviously a country of aid in medical teaching, Dr. I. S. THE NEW MEDIUM sportsmen and has the ideal set-up Ravdin reports. Neither the future Television City for outside broadcasting. It has the "Color television provides a sense nor its present makeshift can afford same home habits as Britain, and of depth which is necessary in teach- to build ivory towers. Full advant- this makes it a good television ing surgery," the Director of the age must be taken of the best cre- market. It also has the talent to Department of Surgical Research at ative brains everywhere, be they provide good entertainment. the University of Pennsylvania's writers, directors, designers, or Overseas, television met in the Medical School, says. "The deeper actors. initial stages with strong resistance recesses of body cavities, which ordin- Now that sight and sound have from sporting bodies, but experience arily are difficult to discern, can now been joined together in radio mar- proved that it not only created in be readily observed because of the riage, no man can nut them asunder. the viewer a desire to see boxing in various color graduations. Moreover, The need to control the new medium thé flesh, but the fact that a match color permits recognition of changes and to use its immense power with is to be televised is looked upon as a in human tissues during the course taste and discretion is evident. guarantee that it will be a good of an operation." —"VIDEX.." show, and crowds patronise it.
Not ember, 1949 —Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" Ii MARTIAN MEGACYCLES OR EARTH-Bred ELECTRONS ?
A FANCIFUL DISCOURSE By REX BRANDON YOU, dear reader, are a listener I with a liking for seeking out the unknown in the shape of DX on short, and very short waves, you have probably at some time or other won- dered at the origin of apparently un- identifiable sounds. You may ponder over the possibility of having stum- bled across something extra-terres- trial, and in so doing you wouldn't be the first to get such ideas. Our contributor deals at large with an interesting subject in both serious and satirical vein, and leaves us with the certainty of knowledge, that if radio signals from Mars are not in our ether, our own unwanted man- made noises ARE aggressively in evidence. During the last 25 years, several prominent people have expressed opinions that some day we shall be able to communcate by radio, or some variant of radio, with other inhabited planets in the Universe. It seems far from illogical to be- lieve that there is life on other worlds; rather does it savour of a • selfish insularity to assume blindly that out of the vastness of Space, this should be the only planet chosen to breed and support life of a kind we know as "human." Indeed, when we consider the billions of stars that obviously exist, it seems that there surely must be some of those stars similar to our Sun, with planets not as yet materialise as such when similar to our own, and with a It really is inconceivable that a photographed, and it will be inter- planetary family whirling around people millions of years ahead of them. esting to await developments in that ourselves will not have established direction when the massive 200-inch space travel! Consider this Red Unfounded Rumours reflector telescope gets on the job Planet further . . . from the radio For some time many people at Mount Palomar, U.S.A. All that signalling viewpoint. We know averred that radio signals could not we know at present is that the from spectra that it's chemical, and leave this earth and travel as far "canals" suggest, by their geometri- hence 'molecular composition is as Mars, but since the Moon-Radar cal pattern, an antificial formation, much the same as Earth. The U.S. achievements of the last three years, and Mother Earth, here or there, Naval Research Laboratory, in an such opinions have been more or seldom chooses such angular design. investigation of the atmosphere of less shelved. One thing we do know As the vastness of Space goes, Mars Mars, found that skip distances beyond doubt, and that is that if isn't really very far away from us; during the Martian summer were radio propagation is impossible for in 1924 it was but 35 million miles best suited for communication at some insurmountable reason . . . . distant. Astronomers know that frequencies between 5 and 2 mega- there are still light waves. We Mars is a much older planet, from cycles and that nothing higher in know without getting involved in a habitable viewpoint, than our frequency than 5.5 megacycles would any arguments that these waves Earth. From this it may be assumed be suitable for long distance contacts can and do get through the layers that Martians, if they existed, would between points on its surface. Let's in the earth's atmosphere. Some be logically, almost millions of years skip Mars for the time being and years ago there were various ahead of us. There is one obvious take a look at that elegant planet rumours from time to time, of set-back, however, for the reason that . . . . Venus. This is the only one flashes of light being seen from the we don't see any giant Martian left of our planets where life (in our surface of Mars, but there appeared space ships flying about our heavens, own form) could possibly exist, but to be no foundation. The mysterious and surely such advanced inhabit- it would have been the very Devil markings referred to as canals do ants would be far past the V2 stage? to put up with in the way of climate.
12 "Aurtrarian RADIO and TELEVISION News" November, 1949 It is believed that Venus always turns the same face to the sun . . . . we don't know that astronomically, for the surface of the planet is always obscured by vast steamy clouds. If one side does always face the Sun, then that side will be roast- ing hot, whilst the other will be eternally as cold as Space itself. e "Let's skip Low Forms Of Life Mars for It is possible that a narrow belt the time would exist between the two terri- being an d tories and where climatic condi- take a look tions could approximate those of at that ele- Earth; there is plenty of air. With gant planet the unknown, it is unwise to be assertive, but it does seem as if Venus." life on Venus would be of a lower form, possibly reptilian or insect. That, however, does not imply com- plete absence of intelligence. If then we are to consider the possibility of Life elsewhere in the Universe, we must turn to the more distant stars, probably in that huge area we know as the Milky Way. But to communicate with them by radio . . . . that is a very different things like this will sound like . . . . it comes from earth - bound matter. Even the nearest stars of Mars. Reports of signals supposedly diathermy apparatus somewhere . . . the Milky Way are 25,000 light originating out in space come in near or far. Hospitals use such years away from us . . . which means spasms, although there has been re- machines to produce artificial fever to say, light, or radio waves would lative quiet on that front for some in patients, and these machines are take 25,000 years, even moving as time. In the early 1930's a group simply radio oscillators with a pen- they do at the speed of 186,000 of British enthusiasts with lots of chant for feeding back energy into miles per second . . . . to reach the imagination, sat up around the clock the power lines (despite precautions), Milky Way. Imagine; observers on in front of a 24-valve affair, listen- which then act as radio transmitting a planet located 2500 light years ing for noises from Mars . . . . or antennas. Diathermy and other RF distant from Earth would now be anywhere of similar status. They medical machines can produce fever witnessing the doings in the times reported hearing funny sounds . . . . in patients, and something akin to of the early Romans! If we are to and considering the din possible from apoplexy in "hams" and SWL's. establish communication across the electrons careering around inside 24 Diathermy "hum" doesn't stay put Universe, then it seems we must valves together . . . . they might on the dial; it wanders about, and if needs discover something very much have originated between cathode and some evening you run across it you swifter than our radio impulses. Of anode of the first valve in the set. can either tune it out or relax and necessity then we come back to con- They might also, of course, have listen to what is most likely a broad- sideration of Mars in all this con- been head noises! cast of a bad case of arthritis. jecture, and weigh a few more pros Now the old set is really getting But it still isn't Mars. and cons. Among them we run something . . . . hear those clicks? Brrrp, Brrp says the next intruder across the question of noises . . . . They simply cannot be peaked for on the dial, but a co-incidental glance radio noises . . . . and in some cases tuning, for they seem to be every- out the window shows that the flash- . . . . head noises! Mars has in the where across the dial, irrespective ing neon sign outside the shop across past been subject to a lot of blame of which band we are using. They the way is the culprit. There are for things attributable to that sound something like a telegraph ways and means of suppressing the planet. sounder sending a lot of double dots noise from such sources, of course, (ink inks to Sig-men and W mn) subject to owner - co-operation. In Search of Martian and they occur at regular intervals Another is a well-aimed brick! Meanderings during the day and night. You live Now . . . here we really have some- Let's get the old short-wave set adjacent to the electric raliway ? thing . . . . a peculiar sound . . . . and warmed up and see what we can Of course . . . . the sound you hear I'll wager than many DX fans have run across in the spectrum that is caused by contacts under the track wondered about it. But it is merely may or may not be extra-terrestrial. where certain signalling gear is a facsimile transmitter . . . . with a Listen to that din . . . . like an air- actuated by wheel pressure. The picture being sent by radio. It might craft in flight . . . . but it is merely sound you hear is fr'orn untuned be from London, Paris, New York, a commercial telegraphy trans- waves from the sparking contacts, Sydney, or Moscow . . . . they all mitter running idle on his dot wheel. and all one has to do is to divide have photoradio outfits. The varying The thing is too fast to read by the number of clickety-clicks by sound is caused by the scanning gear human agency direct, as it belts four to find out how many carriages as it follows variations in picture along at 200 words per minute and there are to the train. density. The picture revolves, and the record for aural code speed is Now what have we here . . . . a as the impulses are sent out the a third of that, and held by Ted raucous hum . . . . somewhat after noise is similar to the effect of McElroy, of U.S.A. You hear around the nature of "tunable hum" as ex- tearing up one starched bedsheet 80 dots each second and a swinging perienced with certain forms of after another! Ah . . . at last . . note caused by the inosphere shift- home-made receiver. This, however, something that really does sound ing so as to cause fading of the sounds particularly aggressive . . . . extra-terrestrial. Speech . . . . in signal. If you don't know what the almost deliberate in nature. No . . . . some sepulchral unknown language sources of such noises are . . . . this also . . . . has no Martian origin (Continued on page 14)
November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 13 MARTIAN MEGACYCLES (Continued from page 13) Broadcasting Brevities
. . . . a Martian, maybe . . . . but, oh, A.B.C. ENSEMBLE GIVES nor specialised classical music, but bitter disappointment . . . . merely LISTENERS THE MUSIC something that people can listen to a trans-ocean radiophone with the for half-an-hour or so while they TI M" WANT speech inverter in circuit! No chance darn a sock or eat a meal, without of understanding it for the distor- A zest for taking one-man Gallup being annoyed. tion is deliberate, and anyway, if it polls of other people's musical tastes "We tried to make the keynote of was Mars, they would call more dis- led Clive Amadio to form an instru- the session intimacy—right from the tinctly! There's no doubt about it mental unit which was the first of its control-room to the listeners. Even . . . . a bloke who goes hunting for kind in Australia. the theme tune, 'From Me To You,' Mars must know how to discount Formerly styled the Mode Moderne was aimed at giving a persuasive per- a great number of man-made noises. Quintet, it is now heard every Sunday sonal touch." When we consider the vast group of at 8.30 p.m. from A.B.C. Nationals Another reason for the Quintet's world radio transmitters alone, we under the title of Clive Amadio's popularity, Mr. Amadio thinks, may realise the potential sources of con- Quintet. be that its members enjoy playing fusion for the listener. Add to the "Its formation almost nine years in it, and that their enjoyment in- radio transmitters of all kinds, shape ago broke new ground, because at fects their audience. and size, the huge group of noise that time it was the only musical "The Quintet has always been a combination catering specifically for real hobby to me," he says. "In any the middle-brow," says Mr. Amadio. case, creating something of your "It had been a hobby of mine, in own is not like working for someone between playing the clarinet and the else, and you feel encouraged and saxophone in chamber music and vindicated when an experiment like popular music, to ask people what this is successful." sort of music they liked best—the He and Edward Cochman, the butcher and the barber, and everyone violinist, are the only remaining else I met. members of the original Quintet. BARBER'S CHOICE "Cochman was a young violinist "One barber asked me: 'Why don't from England," Mr. Amadio says. you ever play a rhumba?' I went "I was very struck by his playing and his natural aptituude for light "Seemingly inoettous item." away thinking, 'Why have we never played a rhumba?' We tried the music; his style was like Albert following week, and it was one of Sandler's. He and I were the nucleus the most successful things we ever round which we built." sources that are not intended by did." IN THE BLOOD design to have any effect at all on The Quintet's popularity over nine A member of one of Australia's your receiver. These forms of in- years of regular broadcasting is the greatest musical famine's, he has also terference need to be checked by the result of this intensive cross-ques- the distinction of having received the listener before he grabs the 'phone tioning. It set out to give listeners only tuition he has ever had in the and tells the local daily that Mars what Amadio describes as "pleasant" clarinet and saxophone from his has at last bust through our music—"that is, neither vulgar slush father, and of being the only Pro- Heaviside and other layers. They fessor of Saxophone in Australia. include such seemingly inocuous Personnel of the Quintet is as fol- items as house door-bells and chime push-buttons, telephone dials, electric lows: Clive Amadio (leader, saxo- motors, tram cars, vacuum cleaners, phone and clarinet), Edward Coch- man (violin), Olga Krasnik (piano), motorised sewing machines, hair- dressers' electric clippers, mixers, Maynard Wilkinson (organ) and refrigerators, floor-polishers, to say Charles Gray (bass). nothing of snow, hail, and lightning. They are all well-known Sydney Might as well give up the quest musicians. Edward Cochman is a for Mars from the radio angle, be- member of the chamber male group, cause if the planet has been waiting Sydney Musica Viva; Olga Krasnik, to "corne through" for centuries, a apart from being pianist and celeste week or two more will be of no player with the Sydney Symphony account. Anyway, if we are really Orchestra, is also a frequent broad- determined to establish interplanet- caster in sonata work; Maynard Wili ary communication in our own solar kinson is official accompanist to the system we can do the obvious and A.B.C. in Sydney; and Charles Gray go all out for light-ray communica- recently came to Australia from tion. At least we are positive that England to take up his position as light rays get across both ways. principal bass player with the Sydney Just in case anybody starts talking Symphony Orchestra—he first visited of using radio to the other extreme this country with the Boyd Neel . . . . a wavelength of 30 million Orchestra. metres . . . . as was mooted by some- Dulcie Holland, Bruce Finlay and body with deep imagination in earlier Henry Krips arrange the music days . . . . that means Ten Cycles e CLIVE AMADIO, one of Australia's best which is featured by ClWe Amadio's per second . . . . somewhat on the exponents of the saxophone and clarinet, Quintet. Different vocalists are fea- low side for Radio Frequencies. At practices with muffled saxophone among the tured with the Quintet each week, clothes in his wardrobe, to deaden the and recently Clive introduced instru- least . . . . the wishful one would be sound "so I won't be a public nuisance," sure of a clear channel! So long. he says. mental soloists to listeners as well.
14 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 PEOPLE IN THE PROGRAMMES
were agents for their models. The The 2GB STAFF SHO W, broadcast Guardsmen arrange all their own Saturday nights at 7.15 and Wed- numbers, and often rehearse them in nesdays at 1.15 p.m., has been the the workshop, in which they have means of discovering another first- over £100 worth of valuable equip- rate entertainer. She is Kathleen ment. Lloyd, 20-years-old daughter of the The Four Guardsmen first met late George Lloyd, well-known radio, when they were members of the Police Force and singing in the stage and screen star. He played Police Choir. They later decided to quite often with George Wallace, who form themselves into a quartet, and is currently heard in his "BARN made their first radio appearance on DANCE" show every Tuesday night Australia's "Amateur Hour." They at 8. Kathleen, however, is special- topped the poll, and received many ising in popular vocalising. Although engagements. Soon they had to de- untrained, she has amazed everybody cide whether to continue in the with her easy style and clear dic- M ACQTJARIE NE WS Police Force or devote all their time tion. To encourage her, 2GB pro- to professional singing. Fortunately gramme executives have cast her in peArNsoDnalitiae cs q uwa re iree Neetlwlortko for the musical world, they chose 2GB a Monday morning programme at the latter. At present they are 8.30, "THE SUNSHINERS." In this, the fore in those Television pre- under contract to Artransa, the views in Sydney. At the Hotel Aus- largest transcription house in the she is featured with Fred McIntosh tralia preview, the show was com- Southern Hemisphere, but by arrange- and his Rhythm Boys, whose repu- pered by Peter Barry, and some of ment, they appear in 2GB-Macquarie tation ranks high in the entertain- the 2GB-Macquarie artists featured radio productions. They are also in ment world. It's a certainty that were Shirley Wallwork (finalist in the course of recording a series of you'll be hearing a lot more of last year's "Miss Entertainment" quarter-hour musicals for Antransa. Kathleen Lloyd before very long. quest), Flo Paton (2GB staff accom- panist), George Wallace, who is heard each Tuesday at 8 p.m. in "GEORGE W ALLACE'S BARN DANCE" from 2GB and Network stations, and Willie Fennell, star of "THE RAINBO W SHO W," broad- cast of a Friday at 7.15 p.m. All state that they enjoyed the experi- ence, and proved that they could e Claude (left) and adapt their acts to this new meduim. Jack Hulbert, John Walker was kept very busy heard together In at the Royal Easter Show in Sydney, the weekly pro- where he acted as compere-commen- gramme "Hulbert House," a BBC tator for the TV Exhibition. He has feature. built up an unrivalled reputation as a radio personality, and created a great impression when he tried his hand at Television. It's our guess that Australia's present radio favor- ites will be the future top-liners in Television
"The Four Guardsmen," who are heard Friday nights at 7.15 in "THE MOST PEOPLE ARE GOOD RAINBO W SHO W" and Tuesdays PEOPLE at 8 o'clock in "GEORGE W AL- "I should like to make pictures ORSON WELLES' OPINION LACE'S BARN DANCE" from 2GB, based on the belief which I hold with In an interview for that excellent not only display teamwork in their the greatest possible strength, that English publication, "Bandwaggon," singing, but also in their hobbies. eighty per cent of people in this world Orson Welles— whose radio shows The quartet comprises David Beecham are kind rather than cruel, generous rather than mean, peace-loving rath- took America by storm—says: (first tenor), Jack Neary (second "Radio interests me, but frankly I'm tenor), Stan Rogers (baritone) and er than war-like, neighbourly rather bored by Television. I can't see it Fred Omundson (bass). In a back- than self-seeking. It's economic pres- at any time usurping the domain of yard workshop, they have constructed sures, and the like, which make them the theatre or screen. After all, many models of sailing ships, galleys, behave otherwise, and I think people the technique simply seems to result together with plastic shoes. While need to be constantly reminded of in a dull, murky reproduction of touring for the Tivoli circuit, they what is sometimes called "their bet- something than another form of en- used to take one model as a sample ter natures" but what in my belief is tertainment does much better." and display it to managers of de- their real nature." Anthony Havelock-Allan, British film producer, partmental stores. Big stores in speaking in the BBC's magazine programme Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide "In Town Tonight."
November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION Neu's" 15 AUDIENCE IMPORTANT IN TO BOP OR NOT TO BOP THE PIPER FROM OVER THE THE ATLANTIC SHO W That is the question! A 2SM fan, W AY now on a visit to England, writes Noni Piper, 18-years-old blonde of Bob Dyer, genial compere of the back to say that the 'teenagers over Leichhardt, is the latest Australian Atlantic Show, is permanently grate- there have become Bebop crazy. film discovery. ful to the audiences that pack the Band-leaders Ambrose and Victor With a small part in "Sons of 2UW Theatre every Saturday night Sylvester class it as an ungodly Matthew" and feminine lead in "Into at 8 for his half-hour of fun. noise . . . the greatest enemy of dance the Straight" to her credit, she was "It's mainly the audience that music . . . but Bebop is there, and chosen to appear opposite Tommy makes this great show," says Bob, it's going strong. Trinder and Chips Rafferty in the "for they're always willing to climb Its caterwauling ancestry comes new film, "Bitter Springs." up on to the stage and join in the from the Harlem of America . . . Noni Piper . . . the pleasant type of lass whom a fellow likes to find fun." and it has a costume and a language all its own. as a neighbour over the way . . . got Yet we feel Bob himself must take The regulation costume is a uni- her first taste of Entertainment Busi- most of the credit—not only is he form-coat, beret and smoked glasses ness when she appeared in one of heaps of fun himself, but he has the . . . in imitation of Dizzy Gillespie, the plays broadcast from Station happy knack of "getting next to" his who is to blame for the whole thing. 2SM. audience and making them keen to Some think it'll be dead mutton in Dom Harnett, who was producing "be in it" with him. about six months . . . but we wonder! them, gave her the chance to fill one All the leg-pulling, pantomiming Youngsters get little satisfaction from of the important roles . . . it gave and questioning is carried out in an shuffling around the dance floor Noni confidence, and going on from amiable spirit of good sportsman- in the old style that's been in vogue strength to strnegth, she looks like ship, and when his turn comes, Bob for the past 25 years or so. blooming into one of the best bets Dyer himself is only too ready to of the local film industry. be the butt of one of his own pranks. He has proved many times that he can take it as well as dish it out. BOOK WORMS, PLEASE NOTE! QUITE EASILY DONE Camden Morrisby, 2SM's "Book- Now in its third year of broad- man," was one of the few radio They were listening with rapt casting, the Atlantic Show has a men to devote a complete session to attention to the opera broadcast waiting list of more than 50,000 seek- the memory of Henry Lawson. - when it was noticed that the fire ing 2UW Theatre seats and a chance Camden, one of the most intel- needed attention. Someone reached to "Pick a Box," as well as a listen- lectual coves in the business, knows for the poker. ing audience of hundreds of thou- his literature, and his Sunday ses- "How can I poke the fire without sands, who agree that the Atlantic sions are well worth your attention disturbing the music?" he whispered. Show is first-class fun for the whole . . . . assuming that you're a Bib- "Between the bars," replied his family. liophile, and we're sure you are! neighbour.
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16 "Australien RADIO and TELEVISION News" November, 1949 FRED HARTLEY ON THIRD VISIT TO AUSTRALIA Ensemble Heard Twice Weekly From The A.B.C. Fred Hartley, noted English musician, is back in Australia on his third visit. In this country he combines business with pleasure, and shortly after his arrival, re- formed his ensemble. This combina- tion is now heard twice weekly for the A.B.C.—Sundays at 5.30 p.m. over the Interstate network, and Saturdays at 6.30 p.m. over the ei• National network. Personnel of the ensemble is as follows: Fred Hartley (pianist- arranger-leader), Phyllis McDonald (1st violin), Pat Buchanan (2nd violin), Rosalind Gumpertz (viola), Muriel Lang ('cello), Don Brune11 (clarinet and saxophone), Don Andrews (guitar) and Eddie Fisher (bass). Fred Hartley, who was the • A junior ballet show before the camera at and American TV Station. B.B.C.'s wartime Director of Light Music, first came to Australia in ments and an extra shirt, he was on 1944 to advise the A.B.C. on light Having controlled his own music the air from Detroit and Chicago— music programmes. He then formed business in England from 1937-1944, at that time the biggest stations his own ensemble of Australian Hartley is a businessman as well in American radio. artists, presenting two programmes as a musician, and at the present weekly along similar lines to tho'se time owns a laundry business in Eng- But, about this time, show business he had broadcast from the B.B.C. land. died in the States, and he then had These programmes were a great hit He wrote, in 1938, his own signa- to head South to join small touring with Australian listeners, and on each ture tune, "Life is Nothing Without shows, known as "tab" shows. visit to this country he has been Music," and was gratified to find it One day, on running across the engaged by the A.B.C. 'to present one of the hits in England when he biggest of these "tab" shows, he more programmes in his own in- returned last year, recorded by joined them and forgot about his imitable style. Fred Hartley has Ambrose and his orchestra, with fly-by-night occupations, for this was broadcast similar ensembles in South Anne Shelton (one of England's a show that worked the whole year Africa and Holland. leading vocalists) and Sam Browne. round. His special orchestration of All music played in his sessions This was the company that he "Waltzing Matilda" was one of his is specially arranged by Hartley came to Australia with in 1937. himself. This year he is featuring most popular numbers during his From then on Bob hasn't looked many new arrangements of popular B.B.C. boadcasts. He is looking for back. Going from success to suc- another composition with a typically old tunes with an accent on sim- cess, he has now reached the pin- plicity. His life is a busy one. As Australian flavour and a catchy nacle of Australian radio in his well as the preparation of his music tune. famous "Atlantic Show." for his A.B.C. programmes, he is under contract to the Peter Maurice publishing company to write four OB DYER, fun-loving, likeable, EX-PARADISE OF GAMBLERS new compositions a year. He ful- B1-, wise-cracking compere of the filled this part of his contract earlier "Atlantic Show," which is heard All who knew Monte Carlo in its this year, when he spent three over Station 2UW every Saturday Golden Days will recall the charm months in Perth. night at 8 o'clock, learned the type of the bewitching place . . . where of humor the people want by way Grand Dukes of infinite grandeur HIS FIRST QUINTET of one-night-stands, hill-billy humor dined and wined their partners at and the rigorous training of road the Cafe de Paris . . . and the Fred Hartley studied with Tobias shows. aristocracy of Europe paraded Mathay and Harold Craxton. He Bob was born on May 22, 1909, through the exotic gardens. held the Samuel Bennett Scholarship at a crossroads village in Tennessee, Mr. E. J. Keenan, a Sydney radio at the Royal Academy, was official U.S.A., in an environment of honest, man who visited 2SM• Studios, accompanist there, and later at the hard-working farmers. says that all that glory has de- B.B.C. In 1931 he commenced a parted . . . maybe forever. programme of light music with the Impatient with life on the farm, B.B.C. with his own quintet, and and to realise an ambition which he He said that no longer is Monte featuring his own special orchestral had nurtured from a youth, at the Carlo a close preserve for the ex- arrangements. About 50 of his copy- age of 17 he hitch-hiked his way tremely wealthy and the aristocratic right arrangements have been pub- North to try his luck as a guitar . any visitor can play at the lished, and he has also made many plucking, mouth organ playing hill- tables . . . and he staked the grand copyright arrangements of orchestra- billy. sum of ten bob, just to be able to tions, which are available from muaic It was not long before he was say that he'd wagered at the re- houses here as well as in England noticed, for, within a few months, nowned tables. and America. armed with his home-made instru- We'll let you guess the result!
November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 17 I STATION 4TO I TOWNS VILLE i li edebe f fle kl NORTH
""' • • 1 QUEENSLAND
Tom Herhily, has been a prominent footballer and referee, and takes an active part in many branches of local sport. Bill McRohan, one of Towns- ville's coursing authorities, conducts • Victoria Bridge and Castle Hill, Townsville, North Queensland. a fifteen-minute coursing 'session each Saturday morning. • The story of the smaller broadcasting services throughout Australia is On a recent Friday night two interesting, linked as it is with local development and history of the various International Rugby League foot- country communities. Each rural station has its essentially localised asso- ballers, Frosty Benton, Townsville, ciations, connected directly with the interests and welfare of the surrounding and Bill Horrigan, Ayr, were inter- viewed by the compere of the ses- country. The success of the one is dependent upon the prosperity of the sion, Bert Millingen, on the eve of a other, and by virtue of the commercial broadcasting systems, country listen- big inter-city Rugby League match, ers enjoy news and entertainment services additionally to the indispensable Ayr versus Townsville. The semi- A.B.C. stations. The city-man knows very little about the service rendered finals and finals of the North Queens- by our provincial stations; they are to him but callsigns on a list. We tell land Rugby League series of matches him here, something about these stations, and for our overseas readers are regularly broadcast. interested in knowing something about Australian country life, we give a Every Sunday morning the vari- glimpse of the steady and encouraging development in, these lightly populated ous Church services are broadcast on districts. Managers of country stations throughout Australia are invited a roster for one hour. to forward details to the editor. On Saturday nights at 7.30 the Townsville Branch of the R.S.S. & TATION 4TO Townsville com- There are two separate studios at, A.I.L.A. occupy a half hour on 4TO's Smenced operation on October 5th, Beak House, as well as commodious programme, during which time pub- 1931. The transmitter and studios office space, and the staff totals 13. licity is given to the various require- were at that time under a single ments of the local league. roof at the corner of Bell and Morey Station Activities Streets, South Townsville, in a build- 'There are 36.000 people within a ing which was shared by VIT. (The five mile radius of the 4TO aerial, Social Affairs A.W.A. Coastal Radio Station.) which makes Townsville one of the Apart from weekly Church ser- Some years ago the studios were two largest country cities outside the vices and the Saturday night "Dig- transferred to their present location, Metropolitan area in Queensland, and gers' Session," 4TO justifies its ex- Beak House, Flinders Street, Towns- the station takes a very active part istence from a social angle by pro- ville. The 4TO power rating is 200 in all local activities. Two sporting viding free time for publicity cover- watts. The high fidelity A.W.A. trans- sessions weekly are devoted entirely ing the requirements of all the mitter installed approximately three to local sporting activities. Horse worth-while institutions and organi- years ago is still situated within the racing is not catered for. The sations in the city—Y.M.C.A., C.W.A., VIT building at South Townsville. Station's Sporting Commentator, Mr. Y.W.C.A., the New Settlers' League
IS "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION Neu s— November, 1949 of Queensland, the Boy Scout Move- Townsville 's Attractions ment, the Sir Leslie Wilson's Home for Bush Children at Townsville, the Situated on Cleveland Bay with ro- Townsville Branch of the Red Cross mantic Magnetic Island four miles Society, the Adult Education Centre, offshore, Townsville is a distribution the Townsville Old Age Pensioners' centre, relying for its prosperity Association, the Townsville Amateur upon magnificent port facilities, ad- Dramatic Society, the Girl Guides. vantages of which are taken by a All take advantage of regular space greater tonnage of shipping per year provided. than that of Brisbane. There are The morning after the recent heavy large railway workshops and two cyclone struck Cooktown, 4TO opened huge meatworks (one at Alligator a "Distress Fund." The fund closed Creek, and the other at Ross River, after 41 days with a total of £1200, a few miles outside). The output which was distributed to the stricken of the Mt. Isa mines all passes Cooktovvn residents by the Towns- through Townsville. Flinders Street, ville Red Cross Society. the main street, is over 3è miles long, probably the longest street in Aus- Political and Entertainment tralia. Boasting the most picturesque 4TO is regarded by the community water front of any town along the as inseparable from any local Queensland coast, the city is becom- activity afoot. For instance, a new ing more attractive each year. party presented itself to the Towns- Thousands of tourists spend a few ville voters at the recent Municipal days each year in Townsville passing elections. This party was known as through and returning from Cairns. The majority explore the beauties of 17 YEARS the Townville Citizens' Association, and was for the most part young Magnetic Island, survey the sur- men without any previous experi- rounding countryside from the peak ence of Municipal government. Three- of Castle Hill, and include a trip OF LEADERSHIP quarters of their publicity was car- to Mt. Spec, about 50 miles inland. ried by Station 4TO. All speakers An infant movement now afoot made extensive use of the Station's has as the ultimate aim the setting "Wire Recorder," and the party com- up of a new State in North Queens- pletely swept the poll. The only land, and should this major change Ducon Motor start capa- present members of the old Council come about in the course of time, now sitting on the new one are the Townsville will be the natural capital. citors are in use throughout Mayor (Ald. J. S. Gill) and Coun- the Commonwealth and cillor Parry. The other nine are the have been so for many T.C.A. men. Station Staff The Station's programmes cover years. They are used in The personnel at 4TO comprises practically all the best national every capacitor start motor the following: Manager: Mr. J. features—the "Lux Radio Theatre," Banney. Technician: Mr. K. Nutt. manufactured in Australia. Rita Marsden, "My Husband's Love," Accountant: Mr. J. Finch. Announc- "Silks and Saddles," "Mary Living- The splendid performance ing Staff: Miss C. Jones (Announcer- stone," "Crossroads of Life," "Aunt Librarian), Messrs. M. Hulett, J. of this new Ducon Motor Jenny's Real Life Stories," "When a Taylor, W. Wynn, W. Burnett. Office start capacitor is one more Girl Marries," "Stepmother," "Doctor Staff: Miss D. Scanlan (Manager's Paul," "Quentin Durward," "Dick illustration of Ducon's 1 7 Secretary), Miss E. Venn, Miss E. Barton," "Danger Unlimited," Vedder, Miss I. Boyce, Master G. years of leadership in the "Hagen's Circus," "Martin's Corner," "Bottle Castle," "The Malvern Star Brennan (Office Boy). Capacitor field. Your good Show," "Sherlock Holmes," "Music ju d gm en t is confirmed in the Tanner Manner," "Mobil when you specify Ducon for Quest," "The Protex Show," "The Hit Parade," "Wild Life," "Bluey and all exacting capacitor ap- Curley," "Calling the Stars," "The THANKSGIVING! plications. Quiz Kids," "National Fair," "Aus- tralia's Amateur Hour." Mummie's shut the door at last; Mummie's really gone. New Feature Now she's in the drawing-room; she's Thirty minutes each week is de- turned the radio on. voted to "The Old Timers" of the district. Many hundreds of old Johnny won that pillow fight ( fell timers' names and addresses are re- and banged my head), registered at 4TO, and birthdays So next we played a little game of and cheerios, together with suitable "bouncing on the bed." music, are broadcast during "The Old timers" session. Then, after we had cleared away the Many country 'stations, in order to feathers off the floor supplement revenue, are forced to seek revenue from outside smaller And sewn the pillow up again, we country towns, but so great is the bounced a little more. demand for time on 4TO that after the needs of National and local That singer made a lot of noise— Ducon Condenser Ltd. Townsville clients have been met, no ooh! lots more noise than us— time remains available in which to I'm glad we've got a radio now; it 73-91 Bourke Street, Waterloo, place advertising from such sources. saves a lot of fuss! N.S.W.
November. 1949 "Austtalian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 19 CATHODES There can be a leak from heater DESIGN AND to cathode in a tube. Also, current may flow in either direction (emis- sion). This can be cured by "jack- ing up" the offending element to a IJCITION positive or negative D.C. voltage to the extent of perhaps 20 volts, rela- tive to the other element. (See CON Sri e OF sketch). LOW LEVEL VOLTAGE AMPLIFIERS
OR many years, the design of in series with the plate load of a F"pre-amplifiers" has been sur- pentode pre-amplifier, have a hum- + 20 VOI.T5 D. C rounded by a certain aura of reduction factor of approx. 300 to 1. Pot. POR iTY mystery. Many of us amateurs some- This is a high order of hum attenua- BY times idly wonder how broadcast tion, in view of the fact that the EXPERIMENT stations, cinemas and other high- remnant ripple is fed to the PLATE grade audio installations manage to of the pre-amplifier. Which is equiva- len to saying that it is impressed across the grid of the next stage. Before this part of the circuit, we Another rather obvious cure for have a voltage gain of possibly 100 practically all forms of heater-to- By to 300 times. It is therefore logical cathode leakage or emission is to run to pay more attention to the grid both elements at the same D.C. or circuit design (which includes the A.C. potential—in other words, earth PHIL EDWARDS, cathode circuit) if we are to effect both the electrical centre of the a significant reduction in hum. heater AND the cathode. This cre- A.M.I.R.E. ates a brand-new problem of bias- ENTODES like the 1603 do seem sing the stage. More of this anon. Pto be less prone to inherent hum than their equivalent types (6C6, Now we have just mentioned "elec- 6J7G, 57, etc.), but regardless of this trical centre" of an A.C.-operated their chief virtue lies in the fact that heater. You might imagine that a reduce their hum-level to an accept- their control-grid connection is made centre-tapped heater winding on the able figure. Turning to the com- to the top of the tube. It is only power transformer, or possibly a monly-available text books on the fair to say that ALL tube types centre-tapped resistor across the subject, we are confronted with vague with this top-cap construction have heater, would give us a satisfactory statements about "good plate-supply an inherently-lower hum level than "centre." The answer is decidedly filtering" and "shielding"—but never types like 6SJ7, 6SQ7 and 6SF5. negative. Such arrangements will a word about the more subtle forms It is also basically true that all very likely make some show of giving of hum injection. We are going to metal tubes have a lower character- the PHYSICAL centre of a heater deal with him, because it does con- istic hum-content than their glass circuit, but the electrical centre can stitute the bulk of amplifier noise. equivalents with "goat-shields." only be found as shown. Thermal agitation and shot-effect are We are still dealing with known much more serious in RF work than facts. The motive is to remind you they are in audio, but pven these can of things you know, but frequently be reduced, as will J shown later. overlook. May we summarise thus? INTRODUCTION (1) Triodes preferred as R-C pre- amplifiers. The choice of the tube has a great (2) Plate-circuit de-coupling need deal to do with the inherent hum not be carried to extremes. level of any stage. Broadly speaking, (3) Tubes with top grid-cap most triodes, as R-C pre-amplifiers, are suitable. less prone to hum than are pentodes (4) Metal tubes another improve- for a given voltage gain. Remember ment. the "old-wives' tale" about inverse feedback reducing hum! This, of This would indicate a choice be- course, was the quintessence of non- tween tubes such as the 6F5, 6Q7, sence—any designer who reduces the 6R7, 6J7 triode-tied and others con- gain of an amplifier by the applica- forming to requirements (1), (3) and tion of inverse feedback, and then (4) above. considers that he has reduced the hum level, is indulging in some pretty 30-ohm W.W. potentiometers are woolly thinking. On the contrary, readily available at radio dealers! You might at this juncture be jus- inverse feedback is liable to increase Proof-resistance of the statement re- tified in asking the reason for the the relative hum level, because it garding electrical centres may be de- emphasis on triodes, when R-C pen- vastly improves, amongst other monstrated by the fact that mini- todes as pre-amplifiers have such high things, the bass response! mum hum will rarely if ever occur stage-gain by comparison. The at the point of half-resistance. In Here, then, is plainly one avenue reason is this: We are trying to literally hundreds of audio systems NOT to follow. What about plate reduce the relative noise level. \ Tri- handled by the author, this has con- filtering? Typical de-coupling R-C odes do this because of their superior sistently been the case. filters, such as the traditional 50,000 cathode-filtration, and lack of mul- ohm resistor and 8 mfd. electrolytic tiple elements contributing "hiss". (Continued on page 22)
20 "Australian RADIO Ind TELEVISION News" November, 1949 "D.M." writes:— A THOUGHT FOR AN IDLE nicely, thank you! Gwenda, a dis- ADIOSIS or electron poisoning MOMENT covery of the famous 2SM "Gang," IN is a disease on which I feel fully is doing very nicely with the "Firm." qualified to write, having suffered Although Gwenda knows the Irving from this highly virulent and con- Berlin score of "Annie Get Your tagious illness for several years. Gun" backwards, sideways and every First symptoms of the disorder are other musical way, it was our guess that the victim is noticed at every . . . being alongside the Maestro, that opportunity to be peering at the she'd never seen the show. works of every and any radio set But she says Yes . . . she's seen which comes within range. It may most of it reflected in the glasses also be noticed that he haunts book- of those who sit in the front stalls! stalls, avidly devouring any maga- That's one way of seeing a show! gifle including the magic word radio in its title. The second stage of the disease "ZO": Like many another in the has arrived when the patient is ob- broadcasting game, John Dunne, served hurrying in and out of radio 2SM's ace announcer, graduated stores, generally speaking; hurrying from Sydney's vanished Poverty in with a certain amount of money Point. His star debut was in "My but coming out minus that and carry- Lady Frayle" in 1918, and he fol- ing oddly shaped parcels. These are lowed it up with leading roles in quickly carried to his den, opened 150 shows. He played with Mosco- and gloated over, s'ometimes for "DYNAMIC SPEAKER" vitch opposite Gladys Moncrieff, Josie hours on end. After obtaining several Melville and Renee Kelly, and he such parcels the real object of all EMPLOYMENT IN BROAD- was deputy for Gus Bluett, Alfred s revealed when the sad case, brim- CASTING Frith, George Gee and Cecil Kella- ming over with heart-touching op- way on many occasions. Versatile timism, commences to assemble a Q EVERAL thousand new employees enough to play every male role in receiver. will be hired by the American "Sally" and "The Lilac Domino"— This last stage is the most trying radio and television industry in not all at once—he has been equally for people forced to live in contact 1949, the U.S. Department of Labor varied in his broadcasting perform- with the victim, for he immediately reports. The workers will help staff ances. becomes deaf to all voices or sounds the more than 500 new standard except those emanating from his (AM) and frequency modulation loudspeaker. Often he refuses food (FM) stations and 100 new television "BALLETOMANIA" and drink for hours on end and be- stations that will begin operating comes mbrose, taciturn and liverish. this year and in 1950. Strictly speaking, balletomania is Only cure for this condition is for About 2700 AM and FM stations a passion for the art of the ballet. the patient to hear something he calls and 70 television stations are now But 2UW borrowed the word to use a signal. When this happens he gen- operating in the United States. These as a title for an early Sunday even- erally shrieks with delight and calls employ some 45,000 persons full time ing session that makes very pleasing all and sundry in to listen to what and several thousand others, mostly listening for everyone, whether he is likely to be the most ear jarring singers and actors, on a free lance be a ballet fan or just one who enjoys noise imaginable. basis. melodious music. After this the illness is in the About one-third the full-time em- "Balletomania," broadcast Sunday hands of the gods. With luck, it may ployees are in programme depart- evenings at 6.30, features the music be the first and last attack, but un- ments. They include announcers, from the well-known ballets. fortunately it is generally followed writers, musicians and news per- The series includes "Swan Lake," by others of greater intensity, all sonnel. Technical departments have "Les Sylphides," "Scheherezade," accompanied by fits of utmost de- the second greatest number of em- "The Three Cornered Hat," "Giselle," pression and bursts of terrific ela- ployees, most of which are trans- "Petrouchka," "L'Apres Midi d'un tion. mitter and studio engineers. Other Faun," and other equally famous Luckily radiosis is rarely fatal. large groups in the industry are ballets, making an interesting and The worst feature is that the victim clerical workers, station managers, enjoyable spot of music for Sunday rarely has any money to call his and salesmen. evening listening. own, but in spite of this he nearly As more and more television sta- always claims that he would not have missed catching it for worlds. tions go on the air, technical depart- ments will represent a larger pro- Once there was a broadcasting portion of employment in the in- station staff that practised for weeks "S.W.S.": Speaking of grammar, dustry, the Department of Labor until they could exchange the big is there some good and vital reason says. Whereas technicians com- water-cooled tubes in less than one- why our commercial broadcasters prise less than one-fourth the full- quarter of the time stated by the must violate elementary principles— time employees or radio stations, makers of the equipment. They had why announcements are heard that about half the staff at television it down to drill-squad perfection. So are replete with split infinitives and stations will be technicians. a foreign engineer came to visit them, adjectives used where every eight- and they staged a show for him. year-old child is taught to employ an They shut down the station, snatched adverb ? Such and such a soap TAKING IT ON THE CHIN the 6-ft. tube out of the transmitter, powder "washes cleaner"—for in- slapped in another, spun down all the stance ? Violins have been gregarious, right wingnuts, slipped on the connections Is it that the broadcasters are from the time of Stradivarius . . . . like greased lightning, swung the tube "talking down" to their audience, thus and in the worst orchestral weather holder upright, slapped shut the prostituting radio's vast possibilities they like to string along together! safety door and stood to attention for cultural and painless educational And talking of strings, attractive while the chief punched the "on" progress ? young Gwenda Colgan is doing very button and—the big tube blew up!
November, 1949 "Akstrallan RADIO and TELEVISION News" 21 VOLTAGE AMPLIFIERS this does include the earthy side of it is not merely a question of put- microphone jacks, which should be ting in any condenser. There is a (Continued from page 20) stood off from the panel and con- definite optimum time-constant to be nected by an insulated earth wire observed, and a 10 meg. grid leak EXTREME MEASURES to the common copper plate. calls for a 0.002 or 0.003 mfd. mica In an amplifier where some or It remains merely to take the condenser. The resistor itself should nearly all of the foregoing measures "master earth" lead from the copper be small, and of reliable brand, as have been taken, and the hum level plate to some point on the chassis these high values of resistance are is still not "down to standard," there which results in minimum hum. In always worth watching. The resist- is always the possibility of rectifying the sketch, a pentode has been shown, ance itself is not critical in value, and filtering the heater supply. This to emphasise that ALL earth returns but should not, for preference, be calls for a small heater transformer, must be made to the floating earth. lower than about 8 megs. and not a dry rectifier to handle perhaps 300 These include:— higher than about 15 megs. Have m.a., and a relatively high filter Negative side of plate-circuit de- you a good "megger"? As "Q.S.T." capacity, of the order of 2000 mfd. coupling electrolytic. once said, "It is not necessary to own or more. Screen bypass. such equipment, but merely to know Cathode bypass, and resistor. folk who do." . . . Bottom of grid-input resistor, or PRE AMP transformer winding. BIA SING 240 Earthy side of input jack. For those who still prefer pent- Do NOT attempt to earth the centre odes in their all-important first of the heater circuit to the copper stage, the 6J7 and 6SJ7 do work plate, as this may well undo all the satisfactorily with grid-leak bias, and work which this system is designed the heater voltage need not be re- 5 SWITCH TO .FIND SIDE OF to do. duced to 4.5 volts provided the plate HEATE R W HICH RESPONDS BEST TO E ART HIN O current does not exceed 1.0 m.a. As SHIELDING a typical plate current for a pentode- It helps if the rectifier circuit can W E COME next to the question operated 6J7 is between 0.5 and 0.6 be made a full-wave system, because of shielding. The metal tubes Ma., this stipulation is not difficult the 100-cycle ripple is relatively easy themselves form a classical shield for to meet. to filter and thus calls for less all but the control-grid connection, capacity at "C". It is perhaps super- which is by far the most susceptible fluous to add that the design of a point of the circuit as regards hum choke to handle the heater current or any other influence. Grid caps without objectionable voltage-drop of tubes must be 'shielded, whether would be quite a problem, so we the tube is metal or glass. The lead therefore concentrate on the high from the grid must also be shielded, capacity. The author prefers the and watch your brand of shielded first TWO heaters to be operated in cable. Some of the stuff has such a series, and then a small transformer loosely-woven braid that it forms a GRID LEAK BIAS rated at about 14 volts, 0.5 amp. does very dubious shield, especially if It is perhaps unnecessary to point the job nicely, putting a shade over 6 there is any R.F. in the vicinity. Not out, to the alert reader, that the volts on each heater, with about 2000 only this, but some of it also appears motive for introducing the subject of mfd. at "C". The primary of the to be a bad conductor, and sometimes grid-leak biased R-C amplifiers is heater-rectifier-transformer must be it has been found necessary to parallel related to the question of earthing fused, against the possibility of the ,an earth lead from the microphone the cathode. It is undoubtedly true condenser shorting out, due to heat. 'head" to the input jack, and not that no normal value of cathode by- Regarding other measures, the rely on the braid to provide the pass, up to several hundred mfd., earthing system must next be con- sole earth. gives anything approaching the hum- sidered. The correct technique is to Sometimes, but not often, it helps filtration that direct cathode earth- create a "reference" earth, and this to shield the heater leads, but this ing does. is done by mounting a square piece only reduces electrostatic induction, The alternative to grid-leak bias, of copper sheet, about an inch and will be precious little help if whilst still retaining the directly- square, zoi a stand-off insulator in there is an input transformer any- grounded cathode, is the "Mallory that corner of the chassis where the where within a few inches of the Bias Cell" system so widely publi- various plate, grid and cathode re- leads in question. Also, if the cised a decade or so ago in the turns are to be made. original hint of using a tube with U.S.A. In that country, such bias Then ALL earth returns for that a grid top-cap has been followed, the cells are small, noiseless and un- stage are made to the copper plate. point of shielding the heaters is obtrusive, and in the circuit have For the edification of newcomers, largely non-existent, unless the plate a full "shelf life." In Australia, circuit of the same stage is of an there are no such cells commonly TYPIC AL PENTODE unusually high impedance (such as available, and the thinking experi- when a 6J7 is coupled with a 0.5 menter hesitates to hook up a torch C SCIlate. meg. plate-load). cell in an application where no cur- The 6F5 and certain other types, rent is to be drawn and the size is not necessarily high-MU triodes, lend entirely unwarranted. FLO AII NG themselves well to grid leak bias. COPPE R As a third and final alternative, PLATE There are at least two distinct the- it is possible to apply back-bias to ories as to the operation of such a a pre-amplifier. This is done in the grid circuit, but it is sufficient to conventional manner, from some say here that it requires about 10 power supply in which the C.T. of megs. from grid to ground, with the secondary of the power-trans- cathode earthed, and any input de- former is held off earth by the re- vices requiring D.C. isolation to be SOLE é N PUT quired resistance to develop a few R s• cOus, .4 — EARTH fed in via a condenser. This does mean crystal microphones! Further, (Continued on page 24)
22 "Australian RA DIO and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 A. new name W IT H A PR O U D HE RIT A GE
Our name is UNITED CAPACITOR CO. PTY. LIMITED. You will hear us described more often simply as We have been established to consolidate, develop and extend the range of electrical and radio capacitors formerly made and sold in Australia by Tecnico Limited. They have joined with British Insulated Callenders Cables Ltd. 3.1.C.C.l and Telegraph Condenser Co. Ltd. (T.C.C.), both of England, to form our Company. Both English Companies are in turn associated with United Insulator Co. Ltd., of England (U.I.C.). What import for you has the name "U.C.C."? Ir means that you will be served by a Company which will complement Tecnico's high standards of manufacturing and service with direct access, addition- ally, to the vast experience of its British parent organisations.
We will offer you, too, a multitudinous range of capacitors manufactured by the British Companies, although numerous types have been earmarked for eventual local production. Highlights in the British range are: Industrial power Factor Correction, Metalmite and Metalpack super tropical capacitors; Miniature Metalmites; Hi-K Ceramics having a K value of 3,000—an outstanding development; Micadisc and Silver Mica types; and Transmitting capacitors, including the T.C.C. "Hi-Load" Power Ceramics. A complete range of types for Television applications is avail- able. Ultimately, all locally made capacitors will be branded "U.C.C.," but for a time, the "Tecnico" brand will appear on some items; among other reasons is the fact that stock already manufactured by Tecnico Limited is being taken over.
To the existing clients of Tecnico Limited, as well as to all potential pur- chasers of our capacitors, we pledge ourselves to render the best possible service. We believe that, with our combination of local and imported types, we can extend unique assistance to all, and we shall be grateful for the opportunity of so doing. Our engineering staff will be glad to co-operate to the utmost in solving individual problems.
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Nor ember, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 23 VOLTAGE AMPLIFIERS For those not familiar with the Decibel, it is a unit used for power (Continued from page 22) 65.17 comparison, and is logarithmic. You .02 6C5 volts bias. It must be emphasised need a reference. If 100 per cent. that extreme de-coupling . is neces- modulation is, say, 1000 watts of in- Ift stantaneous audio power, then the sary for such a bias system, other- e wise instability and hum are in- hum-content would be one-hundredth evitable. Incidentally, never use 8- of this, i.e. 10 watts, if the hum was 8 mfd. electrolytics where their leak- 20 d.b. below full-modulation. The 0 IN 0 2 25 81 age or voltage-versus-capacity char- hum would only be 1 watt at 30 d.b. 25 'Os acteristics are likely to militate down, and 0.1 watt at 40 d.b. down. -02 So you see that a 40 d.b. difference o against the proper operation of the o circuit. This rules them out for a represents a ratio of 10,000 to 1. •25 back-bias circuit such as the one we Put into layman's terms, the hum are considering. It also rules them is a bare ten-thousandth of the pro- A METHOD Oe ot-r.sumtpin DI ST ORT1OHLE55 out for cathode bypasses on pre- gramme peak-level. Such input TREBLE,• BOOST amplifiers. The capacitance of these stages as have been described here capacitors has a definite relationship will give this quite easily, despite bulk of such capacitors, the circuit with the polarising voltage applied, the formidable appearance of the is acceptable as it stands, for the and thus an 8 mfd. 525 P.V. elec- figures. D.C. appearing at the cathode cir- trolytic is worse than useless in a We have not dealt with such obvi- cuit, due to the bleed from the 0.25 cathode circuit which features per- ous factors as keeping input trans- meg. and the 400-ohm resistors in haps 1 à to 5 volts of bias. The refer- formers heavily shielded in magnetic series, merely increases the bias by ence to leakage is of course obvious. metal; physical isolation of heavy a fraction of a volt. Provided that power-transformer fields from low- the 0.25 meg. resistor is 1-watt uow5o su eoLy level equipment; use of non-magnetic rating, the circuit is entirely prac- D E AMP microphones in concentrated power- tical, and has the added attraction frequency flux regions (typical ama- of minimising possible phase-shift teur conditions); employing non-mag- which may attend the insertion of a netic chassis material; grounding of blocking condenser. low-level stages to a really efficient If the 0.1 mfd. condenser across earth; the suppression of R.F. feed- the 400-ohm resistor is removed, back; and other widely-known the amplifier becomes absolutely sources of hum. The subject of R.F. "straight-line" in its frequency re- feedback and its suppression might sponse, from something like 20 cycles indeed form the basis of another to about 15,000. The "top-lift" may BIAS article. be made to commence at various TS* F ft154.F Perhaps it is necessary to comment frequencies, and the amount of top- 1 5'e / that certain forms of hum pick-up lift itself may be varied, by alter- LOW LEW— ACE ESS—ENTML are mechanical in origin, and, if a ing the value of the condenser and microphone has a rising bass re- resistor respectively. The values HUM LEVEL sponse, or works into an amplifier shown are suitable for obtaining a pronounced treble-boost from about We have now arrived at the stage which has one, any "buzz" from 3000 cycles upwards. where we can talk about a few swing-chokes, power transformers, figures. Broadcast practice in these etc., will be amplified abnormally In conclusion, this circuit is not the times demands a total noise level even though they might not sound best possible arrangement for a pre- (they mean ordinary old-fashioned aggressive to the ear. This again amplifier because of the cathode cir- HUM!) of something like 60 db. be- represents typical amateur practice, cuit arrangement of the first stage. low 100 per cent. modulation. This and the cures, are, of course, firstly The reference is, of course, to the is hard to achieve, because there is to tighten clamping bolts on trans- possibility of hum arising from the no noise in broadcast studios to mask formers and chokes until they are lightly-bypassed 400 ohm section of any residual hum, and furthermore, absolutely "solid"; then to find out the cathode resistance. It should artists and announcers work any- if any chassis is resonating; and also be noted that no volume con- thing up to three feet from their finally to reduce the bass response trol can be inserted between the microphones, causing an effective de- of the amplifier, after which the stages. crease in signal level as referred to higher-pitched harmonics of the the pre-amplifier grid. It is a fact mechanical hum will be the only re- CONCLUSION that there are still certain stations sidual noise. Reducing the bass- In the writer's opinion, the lower which insist on using battery-oper- response is not merely a matter of limit of tube-noise in audio appli- ated pre-amplifiers in the interests using smaller values of coupling and cations should be determined by ther- of complete elimination of hum. They bypass capacitance — this almost mal agitation and "shot effect". still have trouble from mains in- always causes severe waveform dis- These noises appear as a broad-band duction into their microphone trans- tortion of the frequencies above the "hiss". The first-named effect can formers. Incidentally, they are low-frequency cut-off. Frequency- be reduced by selection of coupling forced to use A.C.-type tubes, as discriminating inverse feed-back is resistances and/or transformers with battery tubes have more micro- more satisfactory. The sketch shows inherently-low tendency to generate phonics. a method of obtaining a pronounced this form of noise. Various grades "top-lift" for any pre-amplifier using and brands of carbon resistors show OR amateur work, a noise-level a pentode and a triode in the first a surprisingly high inherent noise- Fof 40 d.b. below 100 per cent. two stages. This top-lift is of course level. modulation would be considered very just another way of reducing the re- "Shot" effect cannot be controlled fine. 30 d.b. below would still be lative bass response. to any appreciable extent, but choice acceptable. 20 d.b. and less fall into If a blocking condenser is inserted of tube, and possibly slight changes the "machine-gun carrier" class, in in series with the 0.25 meg. feed- in heater voltage have been con- the author's opinion, and need atten- back resistor, it should be on the sidered helpful. In audio work, how- tion as prescribed in this article. order of 0.25 mfd. In view of the ever, almost any microphone, in-
24 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" November, 1949 eluding velocity types, should have adequate output even on the small- est sounds to mask "hiss" noise, re- gardless of the origin of ‘said hiss. A well-baffled, large loudspeaker is imperative if noise is to be judged aurally. Naturally, the C.R.O. and DB. meters simplify the investiga- tion. Headphones will only indicate the presence of higher harmonics of any hum, and should therefore be avoided for aural checks. As in the alignment of receivers, the human ear is often misled by apparent changes in noise-level. The acoustics of the room and other factors com- plicate attempts to judge arbitrarily the hum in an amplifier. It is in- deed quite unnecessary to listen to any audio system at all, before it is put into service. All tests can be done on instruments, with conse- quently lower strain on the nerves of all concerned, and vastly greater accuracy.
AN AIR HOSTESS'S LIFE Many girls regard an air hostess's life as one that is full of glamour. Helen Scharfe, who is an air hostess, The newest exploded such an idea in a recent broadcast and said that there is a and best mantel radio great deal of routine about the job. The hostess must see that travellers' papers are properly filled in for their destinations and that they are strap- • Improved performance — new circuits. ped in for take off and landing; she must serve them with drinks and e Better tone — new loudspeakers. food when required and hand them reading matter. And for those who still think it is a glamorous life, Miss • Greater convenience — on/off power switch 0.3 Scharf e remarked that a three thirty set and built in aerial. or four a.m. start is nothing unusual, and that passengers need very care- MODEL in ivory ful handling at that hour. 18-7-0 She also looks after the children, 520 m In walnut 17-17-OZ.4 who are put in her charge when they are going home for holidays. "I promise I'll see they don't smoke," Authorised Radiola Distributors in all parts of the she said, "and the next thing I know they've fastened the safety-belts Commonwealth will gladly arrange demonstrations across the aisles. By the time I've hopped over them all the cigarettes are out and they're sitting there as if butter wouldn't melt in their mouths. One lot of boys found out I was scared of spiders, and they made up a jolly good imitation of a taran- THE W ORL D'S FINEST BROADCAST RECEIVER tula out of a button and elastic and flung it at me. One man thought an MANUFACTURED AND GUARANTEED BY aircraft was like a ship and that he AMALGAMATED WIRELESS (AUSTRALASIA) LTD. could save money by not going in the cabin. He tried to book a deck pas- AUSTR ALIA'S NATIO N AL WI RELESS OR G A NIS ATIO N sage. And another man wouldn't be 47 YORK ST., SYDNEY • 167 QUEEN ST., MELBOURNE parted from his donkey. He insisted on taking it along, and it was only when I showed him the inside of the plane and explained that the donkey would have nowhere to sleep that he agreed to leave it behind."
November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 25 7eiedgen
Below: — • Leo White, whose Latin American music with Brian Lawrence and the Lester Sisters has been an ABC feature, CARAMBA, On the Interstate network.
e A preview of things to come. This "shot" shows 2GB (Sydney) announcer John Walker acting as commentator during the televising of Sydney Show events earlier this year. Equipment demonstrated was Rye-Astor.
e4ff" "j:n
e The Australian coun- terpart of this scene is not so far distant. The television camera is scanning the swift moving play at a football final between Sweden and Bulgaria at the Wembley (Lon- don) Empire stadium. (Copyright photograph, courtesy BBC)
"Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N Ne ws " 26 November, 1949 N E \i‘/S V I e e Well-known and talented film actress Anna Neagle is no stranger to the broadcasting studio. Here she is seen taking part in a BBC broadcast. One of her recent films showing in Australia has been "Elizabeth of Ladymead." (Copyright photograph. courtesy BBC) Below: — • Shown here is one of the British Broadcast- ing Corporation's internationally known broadcasters and commentators, Richard Dimbleby. His voice was heard from many scenes of action during, the war. (Cohrighr photograph. courtesy BBC)
e The interior of an E.M.I. mobile tele• vision van used by the BBC. There are three C.P.S. Emitron cameras, and the pic- ture monitors (in line) enable picture pre-selection. On the top screen Is dis- played the picture as received back from the transmitting sta- tion. (Photographed bl courier) E M.!. Ltd., England)
"Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N Ne ws " November, 1949 27 IN LIGHTER VEIN
"Ever read Sherlock 'Ornes ?" "You're only a snooping, petti- "NO! !! !" fogging, fatheaded, uneducated, un- "Wunnerful at dedoocin' an' elim- cultivated, stickybeaking moron, meratin', an' all that, ain't 'e ?" that's what you are!" said the sauce- "Bah!" pan man with conviction. "Now you know," and the little When the fat man got off at the THE FA1VEBLY-MAN man crossed his legs and proceeded next stop, he was swearing vici- to be really chatty, "I'm just like ously. He was so angry that he HE sharp-nosed little man with that. Great han' at dedoocin' an' forgot his saucepan. Tthe brown Stetson hat gazed re- annallersis, an' solvin' mysteries, I The little man pounced on it. flectively at the big fat man sitting am. My ol' woman says I oughter Held it up on high, waved it, and opposite him in the tram. The big be a D. Now, I'll jus' give you a yelled after the fat man while the man had a clumsy brown-paper little demmerstation. F'r example. whole tramful revelled in the circus. parcel between his feet, and every Take your brown-paper parcel." The conductor obligingly held the time a passenger got in or out that The fat man groaned feebly, and tram up for a minute, and all the passenger tripped over the parcel, the crowded compartment pricked up passengers gazed after the retreat- which gave forth a tinny sound, and its ears. ing figure of the fat man and craned the fat man hunched himself up and "In that there parcel," said the their necks in their interest. snapped out, "Sorry!" as if he meant little man, warming to his work, But the big man wouldn't even something quite different. "you 'ave a noo allerminnium sauce- look back. Having been told that he The little man regarded the big fat pan. I can tell by ther shape of would leave that aluminium sauce- man sympathetically, and summed ther parcel. So I dedooce you're a pan behind, and having left it, he him up. Little men are like that. married bloke. It's a large sauce- wouldn't have come back for it if They're good at it. Look at William it had been made of beaten gold Morris Hughes, look at Napoleon, or from Mount Morgan. —but I digress. As the fat man disappeared The little man decided to cheer up around the corner of his street, the the big man with interesting and in- conductor gave a grin, and started formative conversation. the tram again. Then everybody "Nice day," said the little man. kept quite still to hear the inevitable "M'brungth!" said the fat man. comments by the little man. Just here the tram passed the He shook his head and smiled pen- racecourse. sively. "Yes," he said, "this 'ere "Know anything for Sattedy ?" radio 's a wunnerful thing, when asked the little man, nodding his you come ter think of it. A great head sideways towards the race- edjucator, I calls it—brings out a course gates. man's gifts." "Mrr-r-r!" remarked the fat man. "I never got ter races meself," said the little man, "I allers listen. in." There was silence, broken only by the monotonous chant of the con- ductor, "Feeze pleeze." pan, so I dedooce a fambly—I'm a "You got a redio ?" asked the fambly man meself. Bein' a married little man. man it follers that your missus has "Grum-m-m," said the fat man. been askin' you four times a week — "Wunnerful, ain't they?" for three months to buy that there There was no answer, so the saucepan. Now, as it 'as taken little man tried again. you so long to buy it, it follers that The CAPTAIN "Take these 'ere plays, now; AERIAL UNIT equals you are neglectful an' eedless con- a 50ft. high aerial, gives thrillers they calls 'em." cerning the 'ome an' domestic affairs. tone, volume, sensitivity, The fat man shifted his brown- Very likely you'll forget that there more stations, freedom from paper parcel uneasily, but said no- lightning. Reduces static, saucepan an' leave it in the tram fits inside your set. Does thing. when you get out. Am I right ?" away with poles and guy "Ever listen to them mystery "You're a flamin' idiot!" said the wires. Broadcast or short- plays, where the deteckative solves wave reception. Installed in fat man venomously, and everybody a minute—nothing to get out of order. the problem ?" smiled happily, this sort of hap- PRICE ONLY 5/9. Goaded to madness, the fat man pening cheered the homeward weary REG. POST FREE —NO C.O.D. barked, "No!" way. Money Refunded If Not Satiated "Ever read Edgar Wallace's "But," began the little man, "but RE G CO O KE books ?" look 'ere, matey, I'm only dedoocin'" P.O. Box 9 (V), GERRINGONG, M.S.W. "No! !"
28 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 A correspondent says of TV in "Manchester Guardian," England:— "Authors are alarmed by tele- vision's voracious appetite• for new material. Here the vague state of the law in respect of television copyright does not help matters. Already America plans revivals of previous productions, preferably on celluloid, to save expense. There is also talk of some form of international agree- ment covering the exchange of script material. Small wonder that the author, in company with others con- cerned, is alarmed by implica- tions, the effect of which he cannot gauge. "The intrinsic technique of tele- vision has not yet emerged. There are borrowings, of course, from the theatre, from the cinema, and from e A BBC outside broadcast television unit "on, location." In front Is the radio radio. For example, it is clear that transmitter van; at the rear the scanner van with receiving antenna, and at the the pursuit of complete realism, as right, the Super-Emitron cameras. practised on the screen, is vain. (Subjective realism, the true tech- TELEVISION AD VANCE Seagoing Television was installed nique of the close-up, is another on the pilot boat New Jersey, which .B.C. engineers, in collaboration matter.) When all is done there still works out of New York Harbor. with British manufacturers, are remain certain imponderables, some- B It is expected that the televisor actively engaged on the exploitation thing of the old magic of being read will be a great help to morale aboard of light-weight television equipment to aloud by the nursery fire, when for outside broadcasts. The aim is the boat, where as many as 35 pilots one's imagination made pictures to to extend the scope of these opera- may be waiting for assignment to accompany the words; only this time tions and to increase the steed with incoming or outgoing ships. Good which the equipment can be set up signals from three New York stations the fire is an electric one. It is this so that events of exceptional topical were reported while the New Jersey fluidity, this elusive quality, that interest can be televised. was cruising off Ambrose Light, 20 makes the medium so fascinating to miles from Manhattan. the artist." In particular, an improved radio- link has been developed to transmit television pictures from the cameras to Alexandra Palace for broadcast. This equipment, which works on the extremely short wavelength of 4i Train now for Television! centimetres, is now being tested, and exceptionally clear pictures free from all interference are at present being A complete correspondence course in BASIC TELE- received over a distance of seven miles. There seems to be no reason VISION is now available in Australia. This course why equally good results should not has been prepared in England by E.M.I. Institutes be possible at ranges of twenty miles, or even farther. Ltd. It is written by the engineers and scientists who At these extremely short wave- invented, developed and supplied the E.M.I. Elec- lengths, the aerial can be made to tronic high definition Television Transmission System concentrate the radio waves into a very narrow beam, rather as a search- to the British Broadcasting Corporation. light does. The transmitting and re- ceiving apparatus is light and ea'sy to carry, and thus marks an import- ant advance from the apparatus used A thorough knowledge of Radio is essential for for this purpose before the war. intending students of television. Courses in Prep- aratory Mathematics & Physics, and in Basic Radio are available for those not already qualified. THE REAL LONDON "Whenever I go to the East End of London—the East End with its kindly people and its busy streets— Write now for prospectus and full details . . . whenever I go there I feel I'm going home. I used to live there in Poplar, down by the West India Docks, and L.M.I. (AUST.) PTY. LTD. to me there's a reality about it which I don't find in other parts of London." 2 Parramatta Road, HOMEBUSH, N.S.W. —Howard Marshall speaking of the East End in the BBC'S programme, "Churches at R64/49 Worship."
November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 29 NE W USE FOR A W ASHBOARD line. After some minutes the mag- Strange instruments have found net became warm, the vaseline would their way into orchestras and even sometimes melt and the coil would stranger ones appear in variety, but slip. Nevertheless, the Round- surely few can compare with that Sykes was a great improvement on used by Albert and Les Ward, two the Peel-Connor. Welshman who play on the wash- Next came the Reiss microphone, board. This humble piece of kitchen which was more sensitive, smaller furniture, which North Country and easily portable. It was succeed- USEZ ed by the Condenser, very like a people call the "Monday Scrubber," is given supports to make it stand wingless fifty pound bomb to look at. upright and combined with a plat- This in turn gave way to the famil- form from which hang all kinds of iar ribbon microphone, able to re- kitchen impedimenta, such as pots, ceive sound from both sides, which pans, and nutmeg grater, with a meant that several people could use bucket or two and a motor horn it at the same time. A more faith- here and there. While Les plays ful reproduction of atmosphere was the guitar and sings, Albert per- obtained with the ribbon microphone, forms miracles on this strange "in- which gave a really "live" sound to strument," running the fingers of broadcasting. Then came the moving one hand up and down the corru- coil microphone, with the great ad- vantage of being only four inches gated zinc to give a wonderfully rhythmic, scratchy sound, punctuated in diameter. It is still used exten- sively in studios, in outside broad- with bangs and taps on the varied casts such as the Coronation and as collection of oddments up above. Les a hand microphone, particularly for made the contraption, working out interviews. the idea as he lay ill in hospital, The latest development is the lip but when he saw the finished pro- microphone, held less than an inch duct, got stage fright, and Albert SUE from the speaker's mouth and sensi- now has to play it. Before Les be- tive only for a matter of inches. It came a Variety artist, his job was is used for sporting commentaries, fitting hot water pipes, and his when the noise of the crowd would experience with nuts and bolts stands drown the voice of a commentator him in good stead when "the thing" using an ordinary microphone, and has to be rigged up and dismantled. enables him to go on talking norm- The two of them first appeared ally to listeners even though he can- in B.B.C. Variety, and since then not hear himself speaking. have made over fifty broadcasts and several television appearances, where viewers marvel at the dexterity with DO YOU KNO W which Albert plays his unorthodox WINSTON CHURCHILL? "instrument" and also at the pleas- "One of the most amusing things ing rhythms the two of them that ever happened to me was in achieve. Norway last October. A man on a 0 — bus asked me if I was British and SOUND PROGRESS if I knew Winston Churchill. I an- BUR swered 'Yes' to both questions and OW many people who enjoy the before I could qualify the answers, I H BBC's short-wave programmes was dragged off to a party, made a and the artists who take part in them, hero of, and was toasted until my give a thought to technical progress? head reeled. It was such a grand In a recent broadcast John Snagge, party that I felt it would be tactless who for the past twenty-five years to explain that I wasn't a personal has been a noted BBC commentator, friend of Mr. Churchill's!" turned the clock back and spoke — Gordon Cooper, President of the Globe- through the different types of micro- trottsrs' Club, talking in the BBC's programme, "In Town Tonight." phone that have been used since the BBC began broadcasting in 1922. WO UNDED AT PRESTONPANS Start sharing the civilised way—the BUK It would seem that early listeners "A man stood up in the Westminster way—no water—no blades—no soap—no were so enthralled by the new mir- County Court and announced that mess. BUK Electric Dry Shaver gives acle of entertainment in the home he'd been wounded at the battle of the fastest, smoothest shave of all. BUK'S that they overlooked the poor re- Prestonpans and he wanted some- 60 sell-sharpening cutting edges mow production of the first microphone, thing done about it. Well, since as down the toughest beard. the old Peel-Connor, which was very you all know the battle of Preston- mom .••••• mum . m m•e• m.m.• • •••• • ••• • / MM. like a hand telephone to look at. It pans took place in the year 1745, sounded very like a telephone, too, To this must be considered a little odd. and took all character from the However there is, I'm afraid, a very voice. After the Peel-Connor came Breville Radio Pty. Ltd. distressingly simple explanation for the Round-Sykes magnetophone, a 67 MISSENDEN ROAD, CAMPERDO WN it. The battle wasn't the 1745 one, cumbersome thing weighing approxi- Please send me without obligation details but the 1948 one—from the film mately twenty-five pounds that in its of the BUK Electric Dry Shaver. 'Bonnie Prince Charlie' — the man covered case looked like a meat safe. with the grievance was an extra, Name It was the first moving coil micro- and he had his ankle pierced with a phone and the very light aluminium Address sword during the shooting of the wire coil was stuck on to the micro- film." phone proper with three or four — Lester Powell speaking in the BBC Pro- small pieces of cotton wool and vase- gramme "Across the Line."
30 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 SHORTS FRO M THE TALKS NO EXCUSE FOR BEING LATE THE BELLS OF ST. CLE MENT'S DOG FOR DISPOSAL A discovery that will be of great "Real dyed-in-the-wool Londoners benefit to a large number of people are hoping that the day may not be "In Kensington Gardens, in the has been made because a watch- far distant when they'll hear ringing heart of London, park keepers have maker heard a cricket chirruping as out of the roof tops and spires of the at last succeeded in trapping a mag- he walked in the mountains of Strand once more—the bells of a nificent black Alsatian dog, which Switzerland. If such a tiny insect famous Church, playing a famous for months has been running wild in could make a sound clearly audible tune. Something rich went out of that delightful cultivated wilderness from a distance of a dozen yards London life when German bombs where Peter Pan made his home. If why, he thought, could he not make rained down and hit St. Clement his owner can't be found, he will go an alarm bell that was small enough Danes, leaving only a fire-blackened to one of the people who have inter- to go in a wrist-watch but yet noisy shell to remind us of that loveliest ested themselves in him since first enough to wake a sleeper? The up- of nursery rhymes 'Oranges and spotted in the gardens. How many shot of his mountain walk was an Lemons.' But the other day when I people? Not hundreds, but thousands! alarm mechanism that works on the was 'bussing down the Strand and Oh to be an animal . . . in England." principle of the cricket's chirrup. The passed this island ruin, I noted that —Colin Wills speaking in the BBC programme In Britain To-day." cricket makes his distinct and pene- workmen were busily erecting scaf- trating noise by rubbing the file like folding up the outside of a tower edge of one wing against the other; which survived the raid, as did the the watch-maker produced the same outer walls. By some miracle, the effect by setting a light hammer to bells of St. Clement's were also pre- AGELESS BRITAIN vibrate against a thin metal dia- served and the scaffolding going up "Yes, Britain is a land of surprises phragm. The result is that now, in was the first step towards the re- and contrasts. I am told that she has a case no bigger than that containing building of a church which has a a third unique quality: she never an ordinary wrist-watch, lies both thousand years of London history be- grows old. If that is true, and I've no the mechanism and the alarm bell. hind it. On the day we hear the tune reason to doubt it, then what Shake- "This new alarm wrist watch," said of 'Oranges and Lemons' sounding speare said of Cleopatra 300 years R. E. Humphries, describing the dis- above the roar of 'buses and the sounding of taxi motor horns—well, ago could, with equal truth be ap- covery in the BBC's "Radio News- plied to the Britain of to-day. He reel" should in time make us more we'll dance a little jig, even if its said: 'age cannot wither her, nor punctual in our habits, because for only in our hearts, for we'll know custom stale her infinite variety.'" the first time you can carry the that war-battered London has taken one step further from the nightmare — R. Vunlvalu of the Fijian Islands, who is equivalent of an alarm clock around doing a post-graduate course at Cambridge, days of the early forties." talking in the BBC programme, "Calling the with you. You can set it to remind Robert Reid talking in the BBC's programme, Islands." you of your appointments." "Across the Line."
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November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 31 W HERE IS LONDON? The BBC's European Service is heard extensively all over Europe for habits formed during the war appear to have stuck and peace- time listening is apparently as widespread as it was during the years of the German occupation. How constant such listening is was revealed recent- ly by a London newspaper, which told a charming story of a Czech child learning her geography lesson at school. "And where," said the teacher, "is London?" "In the forty- one metre band" the pupil replied at once.
Nature, beating radio engineers by a few hundred thousand years, has provided the human ear with auto- matic volume control, the body with temperature control, and "seeing equipment" which is a highly com- pact television system.
e Part of the interior assembly of the Schwarzenburg transmitter of the Swiss Short Wave Service. THE ART OF SHORT-WAVE human brain can devise—irrespective LISTENING of cost—cannot bring in a distant transmitter at will and with perfect Until recently the short waves reliability. Yet if the beginner can were considered to be fields in which none but the expert enthusiast might be made to realise this and the other wander. Lately, however, so much difficulties to be encountered, it will progress has been made at both the be found that things are much more transmitting and the receiving end, simple than has been anticipated and, that a time has now arrived when very quickly, the new hobby will be- come an all-absorbing pastime. Short- QUALITY the veriest tyro may approach this type of work with 'some degree of wave work is not "dead easy," but confidence. any listener who will bear this fact TRANSFORMERS in mind, and who is prepared to The short waves are, however, take a little pains to achieve success, vastly different to those employed will find that his trouble has been for ordinary broadcasting. This and cardinal truth has to be accepted well repaid. The disappointed short- at the outset. Many people take up wave listener is a direct hindrance to progress, for he misinforms his short-wave listening without realising METAL-WORK friends, and thus the short-waves its difficulties, only to drop it in acquire a bad reputation. disgust simply because they have M a n ufact ure d failed to realise that it is not pos- The most unfortunate part about sible to switch on a short-wave set short-wave listening is, in my opinion, by and listen to a station with the same the short-wave enthusiast himself. ease and certainty as in the case of In his enthusiasm, he is apt—quite a broadcast receiver. Short-wave unintentionally—to give his friends TR I MA X kansformers listening demands patience. It de- to understand that short-wave work mands, too, a degree of keenness, to- is easy, that stations are to be re- DIVISION OF CLIFF F. BUNTING PIT. LTD. ceived at all times and without gether with a certain amount of 29 -35 FLEMINGTON ROOD, cheerful perseverance. trouble. A distant station cannot NORTH MELBOURNE.. VIC. The best short-wave receiver the be heard at all times.
32 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" November, 1949 ARTICLES FRO M OVERSEAS "E" north and south—they are all along a were only reporting the DX stations one S latitude. All the other north-south multiple point better than we were giving. We com - SOURCES hop contacts are via F2. The beacon pattern pared the receiver with an AR88, side by side, Editors of successful and popular is October TV, DN, CS, early November TV. and the "Turret" ran rings around the AR88.. CS, end of November, December and beginning Last week-end we completed the 20 metre coil- periodicals receive many letters of of January AD, LT, HB, ML, PH, end of panel—as yet this is not fully adjusted, but. praise. Once in a long while there January TV, CS, February TV, CE, ON. it seems to have promise of being better on 20, arrives the other kind. Helpful criti- There are of course slight variations but not than on 10. VII6KU will complete the job enough to affect the general pattern. cism is one thing, but unsigned abuse when he takes his annual leave very shortly.
goes into the WPB. A screed referred From Mr. W. Sproge, Hon. Secretary, Radio (You must be getting particularly good results, to items in the "Home Workshop" as Society of Western Australia Inc., 11 Gloster gentlemen, with your turret-tuned receiver if it being from overseas sources. In near- Street, Subiaco will out-perform an AR88, assuming of course "My friend VKFIKU has one of the turret that the latter is in good form. A considerable ly three decades, the editor of "R & receivers (as in R & TV for June, 1940), rise in RF efficiency CAN be obtained with a TV" has amassed a few thousand operating on 10 metres and so far has been receiver where attention is paid to coil Q and radio, engineering, mechanics, avia- extremely satisfied with its performance. We L/C ratio, and there is even something to be. tion, science, hobby, and other maga- were using a 40 metre doublet antenna and said in favour of plug-in roils of reasonably comparing reports given by VK6HL, VK6MK, large diameter as against a switched coil assembly zines and has no less intention of re- VIDIK W, and VH6RIT on DX stations. All with small coils grouped around switch banks ferring to them than other people, these stations were using beam arrays, and with inevitably long leads.—Editor). and the protester does not need to look far. We are not aware that any contemporary in this country has a monopoly in the direction. If it should happen that some description clashes with contemporaries—that is unfortunate. Something like rival afternoon sheets hitting the streets with similarly worded posters. WE won't burst into tears about it. D.B.K.
Major Collett, VK2RU, of Gosford, who is a radio dealer in the township and an enthusiastic VHF worker, makes a point of studying conditions for possible VHF D X com- munication. He writes regarding observations on the radio ranges:—
"It's amazing the way they are running thls year as compared with '47-'48. The general pattern is the same both years, and the daily variation practically negligible. The openings on the band were much the same—except more this year. But this cannot be taken too much for granted as this year there were many more stations on, and in any case two stations must be on at the same time to say that the band was open. However it has been amply demonstrated that when the ranges reach a certain level that the band is open in that particular direction.—Bearing in mind that the muf passes through the beacon frequencies before it reaches 50m/cs, giving the effect that the beacons reach terrific signal strengths and are starting to fade when 50/n/cs opens. It appears that streams of particles—clouds or what ever you like to call them —are con- tinually flowing from the polar regions towards the equator, this appears to happen in both F .e leading makers' a hemispheres, they appear to be more dense nearer the poles and peter out towards the radio. com municationç and equator. Apparently the "clouds" most di- electrical equipment throughout the . workf . rectly under the sun become Intensely Ionized. ISC makes resistors of more different typea and' As the sun moves to its southernmost path we 1 for a wider variety of applica ons than any have the effect of a fairly narrow band round manufacturer, the southern hemisphere in which the clouds become Intengely ionized as they pass through. This band where the ionization occurs aP- narently follows the sun up and down the latitudes with change in season. PTY. For a bit of proof. . . . Searching through English, American or local mags falls to re- J. DUMAN & CO LTD. veal any multiple hop contact via sporadic BRADBURY HOUSE,55 YORK ST.,SYDNEY• BX2508
November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 33 COMMERCIAL BROADCASTING NEWS and NOTES
He emphasised that television is STATION SPARKLES not just a miniature of the radio in- A delightful 2GB morning pro- dustry "or an-thing else that has PI gramme is "THREE GIRLS AND gone before." A PIANO," broadcast every Friday 'It is a lusty baby—giant of a at 8.30 a.m. This programme fea- different family," he said. tures three of last year's "Miss But its enormous influence and ex- pansion will not cause it to swallow Entertainment" entrants, including the winner, Shirley Abicair, Patricia up other media, he emphasised. "It is a matter of record that no Church and Shirley Egan. Shirley mass medium once developed, has Abicair has been featured in several ever disappeared," he argued. "Each 2GB - Macquarie productions. The has its own mass appeal, its own other two girls have made appear- availabilities, its own use. And there ances in the "2GB Staff Show." Miss are far too many people, with too Church recently won her heat in the The following extracts from the official Bulletin many different tastes and desires and Mobil Quest. She has sung in pre- of the Australian Federation of Commercial moods at different times of the day, sentations by .the Rockdale Operatic Broadcasting Stations are made available by the Company, including the lead in courtesy of the President, Mr. J. E. Ridley. for any one medium to serve them From an editorial: all. "Carmen." Flo Paton, newly "When radio first flourished," he appointed staff accompanist, accom- scp ADIO has long since proved its further explained, "many people felt panies the girls in this show. IV excellence as a medium of en- it would do away with—or seriously tertainment and advertising; but hurt — newspapers and magazines, while the quality of radio entertain- movies and phonograph records. If some daily newspapers are ment has steadily improved, the Quite the contrary happened. All worth the 3d. they are now asking, standard of advertising material has have grown since the advent of radio, we reckon pro rata that "R. & TV" not quite kept pace. There are, to be as the wealth and population and is worth much more than the humble fair, a good many intelligent and leisure time of the nation have grown. "bob" we charge. It isn't easy to well-presented "commercials," and And I see no good reason for think- produce a post-war magazine and advertising has improved in the last ing the advent of television will fun- sell, it at pre-war prices, but we in- few months. But there is still a cer- damentally change this." tend to stick at the "bob" level. tain amount of irritating, often Did You Know . . . That the senseless radio advertising being amount paid by the Commercial turned out by copy-writers who, for- Stations to the P.M.G's Department linfflre—iffli---2fflui_ our tunately, are in the minority." for the use of land-lines, during the Radio Gains Recruits for Sydney year ending 31st December, 1948, University Regiment: Another in- was £87,000? Due to the increase in stance of radio's great value as a rates, the amount that the Commer- public service was illustrated in cial Stations will contribute to Gov- March of this year, when the Federa- ernment revenue for the use of land- tion was instrumental in obtaining a lines this year will be considerably radio appeal on behalf of the Sydney higher. University Regiment. Within a few weeks of the appeal, membership of COMMUNITY SERVICE the Regiment increased by more than Sports Parade Raises £17,000 : 1(00 per cent (we are told in a letter The sum of £17,000 has been raised of appreciation from the Comman- II FINE HOTEL by 3KZ's "Sports Parade" on its tour dant), and new members are joining A hotel, certainly one of Sydney's of metropolitan town halls and every day. leading hotels, but different to country centres. The special Don 4MB's Appeal For Legacy: 4MB every other in many things. The Bradman testimonial show, held last Maryborough (Qld.) recently co- Vv'entworth, for instance, has ever year in the Melbourne Town Hall, operated with the Maryborough Male been noted for its quiet, restful raised more than £400 for the testi- Choir in launching an appeal for the atmosphere. Another thing, too, monial fund. local Legacy Club. More than £150 while away from the noise and 2CA Aids United Nations Appeal: was promised by telephone and bustle, you are nevertheless con- Although the A.C.T. Division of the acknowledged between choral items veniently situated to everywhere. United Nations Association of Aus- during the first Sunday morning Service and cuisine are unexcelled. tralia was formed only last March broadcast. The appeal is now nearing it has been actively engaged in pub- the £1,000 mark. licity, by taking advantage of a THE WENTWORTH T.V. WON'T KILL A.M. series of broadcasts offered free of charge by the local commercial sta- Dr. Frank Stanton, President of tion, 2CA. In the U.N. Appeal for in ey C.B.S., addressing the thirty-seventh Children, the Division raised £2,968 anniversary banquet at the Institute thereby exceeding its quota by almost 'Phone BW 1361 (10 lines) of Radio Engineers, New York, ex- half. Canberra Broadcasters Ltd., C. D. Maclurcan, Managing Director pressed the view that television will gave its wholehearted co-operation in not kill off radio. this Appeal.
34 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" November, 1949 4
RADIOTIPS For PRACTICAL PEOPLE
turn lead of the loudspeaker to be PITTING EXTRA SPEAKERS A FIR M CON NECTIO N used in extension is connected directly HERE are certain advantages in to the chassis of the radio receiver. Tarranging for extension loud- Where two audio valves are applied speakers in the home or elsewhere. in push-pull, the extension speaker For example, most homes have only is connected through two .1 mfd. con- one receiver, naturally retained in densers to the anodes of the valves. one room of the house. To hear pro- These connection schemes, whilst grammes in other parts of the house satisfactory for most ordinary needs, it means that the receiver must be do not provide for switching off used at volume levels that prove either the main or extension speaker, nerve-wracking to those near to the or for varying volume of the latter. loudspeaker, to say nothing of pos- sible annoyance to neighbours. Switching By including a single pole switch in each extension speaker lead from the coupling condenser, and a switch for the voice call circuit of the Soldering to an iron pipe already buried in main speaker, either or both speakers the earth is not easy, but the alternative method of connection illustrated here is may be controlled by a 50,000 ohm. quite satisfactory. potentiometer, as shown. The dia- gram shows the scheme for using "P.A.W.": Recently I experienced two extension speakers, and these severe trouble in my receiver with are indicated as being of the mag- radio-inductive interference from netic type (2000 ohms or more DC resistance). With Permag speakers electrical machinery and tramway circuits. I tried many types of anti- fitted with output transformers, the interference aerials, but they could potentiometer and connecting leads not be erected high enough or far Other Applications will be across the primary of the enough from the sources of inter- transformer. Another extensive application for ference. I then tried an old dodge-- extra speakers is found in schools a buried aerial—with great success. where it may be desired to serve "Brassex": It's often a difficult It was made of one of those old 250- more than one room with pro- job replacing the rope halyard on an turn two-pin honeycomb coils en- grammes from a single receiver. aerial-mast pulley. Illustrated is a clozed in a copper screening can. A Most receivers are to-day sufficiently method of fixing the pulley to the lead was soldered to one pin on the powerful to operate up to a dozen mast so as to obviate the difficulty. coil and taken through a copper disc additional extension speakers with The pulley is fitted into a slot at enclosing the can, heavy insulated ample volume. There are instances, wire being used for this lead-in to too, where an extension may be neon STRIPS ABOUT 16 - INS the receiver. With this make-shift LONG BY I. BROAD L. needed externally to the home; in a rwc4- underground aerial, buried only garden, for instance, during summer 12-ins, in the ground, most of the un- days. wanted noise was eliminated.
nwer Cyr ro Standard Connection Methods suLow suP4oR7 Rope. 71, W OE IRON DULL EY "D.B.K.": When using screened The method of connecting extra eev TO RULLEy leads in receivers, especially for grid speakers is quite simple, and calls 490LT « Tine , circuits, low capacity is desirable be- for no expense to speak of. Permag 45 AXLE eoR O W. LEY tween grid and earth in order to speakers are essential; a point which avoid loss of signal strength. The calls for little comment these days, Asage4i'lesr usual braided push-back wire is not as most speakers are of that kind; the best for this purpose, and it is and if you have on hand any of the better to use large-diameter screen- older magnetic types, in good order, the top of the mast just large enough ing braid with a thin wire for the these can be applied very conveni- to take it without leaving any space connecting lead. Push the wire well ently. In receivers using a single- on either side. Two iron strips are into the sleeving and it will follow ended audio output valve, as most then fitted to the top of the mast a zig-zag course, thus reducing are, a lead is connected to the valve in the manner shown. If need arise, capacity loss. anode through a .1 mfd. 400 volt a new rope can be thrown over the paper tubular condenser. The re- mast and between the iron struts. (Continued on page 37)
November. 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 35 • from 75 guineas
19010 The Airzone new Radiogram de Luxe! The supreme achievement in Airzone's long line of successes in building fine radio. A musical instru- ment without peer! See, hear and own this Radio- gram and you'll have the finest money can buy!
AIRZONE MODEL 5A2D3 In either Walnut or Sycamore Obtainable at all Radio Stores and cabinet, with single record- \ player or automatic record Music Houses throughout Australia. \ AR-25 AI RZONE e5-r-ne RADIO Manufactured by: AIRZONE 119311 PTY. LTD., 168-170 Parramarta Road. AUBURN, N SW Unit of Electricltv Meter & Allied Industries Ltd. A R.25. "Nale.eleadildia 36 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION Nous - November, 1949 RADIOTIPS Electrical Interference is best cured HAND CAPACITANCE EFFECTS by taking preventative measures on It is possible that hand capacitance (Continued from page 35) the interfering apparatus itself, — more correctly body capacitance where this is possible. In the case effects have been the cause of more PICK-UP HEIGHT of vacuum cleaners, electric motors headaches and more harsh words While most radio-gram construct- and dynamos the usual procedure is than any other problem which con- ors take the greatest care over get- to connect a pair of 1 or 2 mfd. con- fronts the constructor of short wave ting proper tracking with a simple densers in series across the brushes receivers. Many accept these effects cranked arm pick-up, the importance or terminals, another connection be- as part and parcel of the short wave of correct height is often overlooked. ing made from a point between the 'builder's heritage, but this view is two condensers to the frame of the A pick-up arm, the boss of which entirely incorrect. With a correctly is set so that the needle tracks accu- machine. In the case of vacuum constructed receiver, hand capacit- rately over the record, can be too cleaners or small motors such as they ance effects can in most cases be high or too low and this will, in contain, a 1 mfd. connected across completely eliminated. the brushes is often all that is needed. the case of a cranked arm, vary the It is not possible to state that Condensers must always be of test angle at which the needle meets the attention to any one point will effect a about double the voltage to which record. Looking at the needle in the cure in any given case. When de- direction of travel of the record, the they are subjected. Electric signs signing a new receiver, thought are sometimes a difficult problem. angle should be exactly 90 degrees should be given to the effects that In any case where 'the interference and any tilting to one side or the may arise, and due precautions taken. is 'severe, it may be prevented from other will wear the record grooves For those already in possession of radiating through the mains by plac- unnecessarily. It is worth while a receiver prone to such trouble's, the ing a suitable chocke in each lead; checking up this point. following notes may be of assistance. made of wire suited to carry the Now, the greatest trouble is pri- current, and of turns sufficient to act marily due to the presence of RF an as r.f. choke. currents in the audio side of the set, so that the audio stages form part of the oscillatory circuits. The operator is at earth potential, from the receiver point of view, so that as his body varies its position in relation to the receiver, the effective tuned circuit capacitances alter ac- cordingly, with the result that sta- This diagram illustrates the tilting of a pick-up when the height tions cannot be pinned down to any is incorrect, as explained in the ac- definite tuning point. companying paragraph Obviously, it is possible to mini- mise these effects by using an earthed metal panel, and a metal cabinet, but Stoop down so that the eye is on this is just begging the question, a level with the record surface and and in any case may not provide see that the needle meets the sur- a total cure. It is best to try pre- face exactly at right angles. An venting the entry of RF into the eighth of an inch or so difference audio stages at the detector, by in- in height at the pick-up boss will serting RF by-pass capacitors, from make an appreciable difference to either side of the RF choke in the the needle angle and thin packing anode circuit to earth. The best must be used under the pick-up values can only be arrived at ex- mounting to get the height correct. perimentally, but will be in the neighbourhood of 50 to 250 pf gener- ally. Any single type filter can be "N.W.": After a year or two of compared to the shunt in a current use, a receiver is certain to suffer meter; it provides an alternative from the settling of dust on the vari- path and by-passes most of the un- able condensers, unless they are to- wanted current, but invariably a small tally enclosed. Dust sets up electro- SHARPENING SMALL DRILLS percentage gets through. It is im- static changes between the condenser portant to note that these by-pass plates, causing a crackling sound No doubt many model engineers capacitors should be returned, not when the condenser is rotated. It is have found it difficult to sharpen up to any old "earth" point, but to the small drills, from 1/16-in. down- best to clean the condensers with a negative side of the filament, or the wards. The sketch shows a most folded strip of thick blotting-paper, cathode, of the appropriate valve. satisfactory way by flattening sides Grid stoppers, that is to say re- by grinding, then it is quite easy sistors inserted in series between the to apply the cutting edges. With the FIXED CONDENSER control grids of the audio valves and smaller sizes it is an advantage to CONNECTIONS their respective input circuits, often work with magnifying glasses such prove beneficial. Suitable values Modern tubular condensers are as the "Binomag." again seem to depend on the actual made in inductive and non-inductive receiver, and usually range from forms, and it will be noted that some 10,000 to 100.000 ohms. Any re- bear the letters "O.F." near one of maining instability can in most cases the connecting leads, whilst others be taken care of by fitting an RF carry a coloured ring at one end. choke in series with the output anode This indicates, the outside foil, and SUBSCRIBE NOW! arid the headphones or speaker with to preserve the non-inductive char- For 12/- a year you get a by-pass capacitor of around 300 pf acteristics it is necessary that the "RADIO and TELEVISION" between anode and earth, or by using lead marked in this way should be MAILED DIRECT parallel feed (choke output) to the connected to the earth line. phones. November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 37 made by 'His Master's Voice' Company of 00- day. Only the name of the company in those far-o§ days was 'The Gramophone and Type- writer Company.' "Although it must be JO yeors or more since this gramophone was made, it is still service- able and gives very good reproduction, and 1 think you will agree this is a fine testimony to she high quality of goods produced by this uorld-famous company." On delving into the question of the earliest disc records we learned from The Gramophone Company Limited at Homebush that the first disc-type record made in England appeared in their first Christmas list in 1898. Far from pretentious, it was a concertina solo by Percy Honri, accompanied on the piano by Fred Gaisberg, the title being "Happy Derides." Copies of this 7-inch disc have long since vanished, but we were interested to hear that these two musicians recently had a reunion at the "H.M.V." studios in London, and just for old times' sake they made an impromptu recording of the same tune under modern conditions. IMPORTED ENGLISH RECORDS From Beethoven's rich middle period came another" hit number called "Lavender Blue," RECORDED MUSIC RECITALS "Egmont Overture." It provides ample oppor- a bouncy tune with a folky lyric, which tunities for individual interpretation, and,' on HERE TO STAY Sammy Rayes Orchestra waxes on H.M.V. Columbia DX.1273, the performance by The Just over a year ago the ftdm of David EA.3842. Freddy Martin and His Orchestra Philharmonia Orchestra, under Alceo Cahiers, Jones Ltd., Sydney, commenced a sertes of take over on the other side with "The Little is so powerful and dramatic that one feels it recorded musk recitals. Future of the plan Old Church Near Leicester Square," making would have won the warm approval of the depended to a great extent in providing first up a bracket that will find full favour with great composer himself. class reproduction of worthwhile music, and dance fans. The same orchestra, this time conducted by so the company installed an imported H.M.V. Joe Loss takes us to "The Wedding of Lilli Constant Lambert, is heard on Columbia Electrogram, an instrument regarded by its Marlene" on H.M.V. EA.3843, and another DX.1449 playing the symphonic poem "In manufacturers as the culmination of fifty new hit—this time a blues number — "The The Steppes of Central Asia," which composer years of research. Crystal Gazer" makes up the other side. An Borodin dedicated to his friend, Franz Liszt. "DJ's" estimate that 21,000 people have Interesting note to the "Marlene" record is Lovers of exotic melody and rich orchestration attended the free recitals during the past the fact that it was written to celebrate the will want to add this work to their collection. year, and music teachers have travelled with recent marriage of Laie Andersen, who first Those who enjoy the unusual in music will their pupils more than thirty miles to attend. sang "Lilli Marlene" in a German cabaret in appreciate "La. Folia," played by violinist 1938, to Arthur Beul, the composer of the Alfredo Campoll on Decca AK.1670/1, The song which later became the signature tune of Folia is an ancient Portugese dance, the rhy- the Allies in Libya. Husky-voiced Late, by the thm and style of which was often used by NE W FEATURE TO PLEASE way, is a descendant of Hans Andersen. 17th and 18th century composers. On tEe MUSIC LOVERS "Professor" Kay Kyser again mixes that fourth side of the discs, Campoll plays "La As manufacturers of both radio and records, distinctive recipe of melody and rhythm which Campanella" with the utmost brilliance. The Gramophone Company maintains a close has put him at the top of the entertainment A splendid musical feast awaits the pur- chaser of AK.1175/6. The National Symphony alliance between these two forms of home en- tree in U.S.A. Hear him on Columbia 00.3301 tertainment. in "Saturday Date," a bright little ditty stout Orchestra performs Dukes' "The Sorcerers One of the newest devices to be incorporated a couple who keep a regular "at home" date Apprentice," well remembered from Disney's "Fantasia," and It is combined with a work in their radiograms is the Acoustic Range on Saturday nights. The backing is that popu- Selector. This calibrated system of tone control lar novelty, "Horses Don't Bet On People." in very distinct contrast, the beautiful Debussy provides a flexibility of control to give top prelude, "The Blessed Damosel." performance under all conditions. It is also The baritone Tito Gobbi, soon to be see.n designed to function on radio reception as well and heard in the forthcoming British film suc- as records. cess, "The Glass Mountain," records on Personal libraries of recorded music often DB.6876 for H.M.V. a delightful bracket of contain early electric recordings, and possibly two irresistible Neapolitan songs, "Torna" and some of the still earlier acoustical types. Suit- "Dicitencello Vuje." able adjustment of the bass and treble con- After an absence of some years, pianist trols enables the best possible results to be Leff Pouishnoff makes a welcome reappearance obtained from these older type of recordings, on records playing two works of Chopin, the and absolutely complete response from more composer who featured largely in his wartime modern discs. By means of this tone control, concerts for English troops and factory workers. reproduction may be adjusted to the acoustics On H.M.V. C.3773 he gives superb perform- of any particular room. ances of "Nocturne in B. Op. 32 No. 1," and "Waltz in A Flat, op. 34, No, 1." The Acoustic Range Selector Is moulded in bakelite, and hairline adjustment is obtained Stravinsky, whose name is usually associ- by means of the two thumb operated wheels. ated with such colourful works as "Pet- Calibrated dials serve for identification of rotichka" and "The Rite of Spring," composed selected settings. in 1946 a "Concerto in D for String Orchestra." On hearing it performed by the Halle Orchestra, under the leadership of John Barbirolli, on H.M.V. C.3733/4, we find that 11"S like meeting an old friend to hear agai n it has some technical affinity with the old that pre-war Irving Berlin hit, "I've Got Concerto Grosso. He uses solo instruments My Love To Keep Me Warm." It's back again, RECENT RELEASES against the main body, and develops the and in two different versions. One is by the work from a fundamental idea. Hear this Mills Brothers on Decca Y6170, which they ECHOES OF MUSICAL HISTORY music for its rhythmic ingenuity, harmonic back with "Manana :" and the other is in daring, and masterly orchestration. LL the way from Glasgow comes this photo- dance tempo by Les Brown and His Orchestra One of Tchaileovsky's most tuneful ballet graph of a veteran gramophone. It was on Columbia 00.3300. Ray Noble and His suites, "The Sleeping Beauty," comes to rec- accompanied by a letter from the sender, Orchestra appear on the reverse with "Streets ords on AK.1524/5. played by the B.B.C. Mr. Hugh Wallace, who writes as follows: of Laredo," from the film of the same name. Theatre Orchestra. The set comprises: Intro- 'I enclose a photo of a very old gramophone Favourite old tunes galore made "Words duction; The Blue Bird: Princess Florisse; and Music" a most enjoyable film, and on which I possess, and it would be interesting Panorama; and the well-known Sleeping H.M.V. EA.3845 Perry Como sings two num- to know if there are any more like it still in Beauty Waltz. bers that were featured, "The Blue Room" existence. It is a very unique instrument, in The exquisite volee of soprano Margherita and "With A Song In My Heart." respect that it has no motor, but is driven by Carosia has won for her many admirers, even Speaking of hearts, that vocal charmer hand. I understand this is the first model on though she has made only two previous records. Dinah Shore will set many beating at double which disc records could be played. The turn- Her newest, H.M.V. DB.6379, will add to her tempo as she sings "So Dear To My Heart," table is seven inches in diameter and is a heavy popularity, particularly since she has chosen on Columbia D0.3299, and on turning over the casting weighing approximately lalb., and it one of the best-known' coloratura arias from disc we find she goes all old-world on us wfrh acts as a sort of fly-wheel. opera. "Una Voce Poco Fa" from Rossini's "A Rosewood Spinet," a lyrical ballad wear- "Comparing this machine with the present- "Barber of Seville." On the reverse side she ing all the aspects of a great success. day electrically-operated gramophone, few people sings "Io Sono Docile." Caresio is supported The Disney film "So Dear To My Heart," u-ill credit that this early model was the fore- he the Royal Opera House Orchestra, Covent from which Dinah takes her song, also has tunner of the magnificent range of gramophones Garden. 38 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 fig.),,,th,egado A PROUD HERITAGE FOR A' NEW NAME As from October, 1949, a new Australian the Tecnico name, and the establishment of company has taken over the capacitor division H.C.C. means considerable expansion in pro- of Tecnico Limited. Managing Director A. C. duction and manufacturing techniques. One MiBingen announces the advent of United function of U.C.C. Is the facility to import Capacitor Co. Pty. 'Ltd. with Tecnico holding special overseas condensers for application the majority interest. Subscribing companies where demand may be limited. There are Include British Insulated Callenders Cable among such types, those designed especially Ltd., and Telegraph Condenser Co. Ltd., with for television purtioses; a point of vital im- which are associated United Insulator Co. Ltd. portance in the near future for Australia. At of England. the helm of technical operations of U.C.C. is The Australian radio trade and public in Chief Engineer Graham Hall, who recently general have benefited for some years now studied the latest capacitor developments over- by the high grade of capacitors made under seas. NE W RADIOTRONS NEW TECNICO RELEASE FEATURES: The cabinet is highly polished veneer finished with the top hinged, and when F considerable Interest is the power out- put pentode type KT61 now available closed forms a perfectly plain serface. The Radio Gramophone Combination Ofrom A.W. Valve Co., 47 York Street, Model 952C hingd top is in two sections, one for access to Sydney. This is a high slope power amplifier the radio receiver controls and the other for for use in the output stage of an audio am- The Tecnioo Model 952C is a radio gramo- the record changer. plifier. Sensitivity is high, and the valve phone combination, the details of which are With a compensated feed back circuit on the should not therefore be used normally in am- as follows:- output stage and a 12 inch speaker, excellent plifiers where a high order of audio gain is 1. CABINET: tonal qualities are achieved. A continuously provided, if microphony is to be avoided. Length 35 inches, Height 30 inches, Depth variable tone control enables the desired re- KT61 is a 6.3 volt octal based type with standard connections as in the 6V6G. Self. sponse easy to obtain. 17% Inches. bias must always be used because of the high 2. RECEIVER: A high gain aerial coil Is employed in the mutual conductance and a screen stopper re- The Receiver is a 5 V. dual wave super- receiver to give good sensitivity with a high sistance is recommended. Plate and grid cir- heterodyne for operation on a 210-280 volts signal to noise ratio, cuits must be isolated from each other. 50 cycle AC supply. The selectivity is such as to eliminate all Another addition to the Radiotron range is the Frequency Range: adjacent channel interference and still enable 6AR7-GT, which is a self-shielded multi-unit valve containing two diodes and a remote cut- 535 Kc/s to 1600 Kcis on Broadcast Band. really good tonal reproduction to be obtained. off pentode in the one envelope. It provides 6.0 Mc/s to 18 Mc/s on Short Wave Band. high stage gain as an RF, IF, or AT amplifier Valve Complement: and can be used satisfactorily in reflex appli- 6180A Frequency Converter. * * * cations with low distortion. This valve is In- 61.17G I.F. Amplifier. tended to supersede the 6080. In conjunctión with such valves as the X61M and KT61, the 608G Detector AVC and Audio Amplifier. TRIMAX TRANSFOR MERS 6AR7-GT forms the basis of a high perform- 6V6G Output. ance "straight" 3/4 valve receiver. 5Y3G, Rectifier. NE W FACTORY Controls: There are four controls, viz, tone, As from 19th September, 1949, the factory volume, tuning and phono radio wave and registered address of Trimax Transformers change switch. (Cliff & Bunting Pty. Ltd.), is at Charles "MIRACLE BOX" SURVIVES 3. RECORD CHANGER: Street, North Coburg, Victoria. Postal address FIRST CRACK-UP for all mail is Box 2, Coburg Post Office, and Garrard Model RC70 Automatic record The midget radio transceiver recently per- changer is used, which will play any num- telephone number FL120.3. The Company will fected and demonstrated at Mascot by A.W.A. ber of records up to ten 10 inch or ten 12 continue deliveries to Melbourne City as at after 2 years research, has survived its first inch not mixed. This changer operates on present and all rail consignments should be crack-up. a 210-260 volt 50 cycle AC supply. addressed to Trimax Transformers, Spencer A Moth aircraft, fitted with the Air-Mite, Street. excepting passenger consignments from got into difficulties during take-off, and 4. SPEAKER: Gippsland, which should be forwarded to finished up in the reservoir on Essendon 12 inch Rola type 12M. Flinders Street. drome. The Air-Mite was recovered by A.W.A. technicians after three hours immersion, and their report reads: "The crystal holder let in some water, one valve was broken (probably due to sudden cooling), one broken due to impact. The Air-Mite, which occupies a space of KEMPSEY (N.S.W.) RELIEF FUND approximately 4 inches cube, has aroused the Organised by the BREIF Club of Sydney, keen interest of aviation circles everywhere, and supported by the major radio and elec- and A.W.A. have reported enquiries from Aviation authorities and Radio Organisations trical associations, this relief fund is de- from London, New Zealand, South Africa, signed to alleviate the damage sustained by France, Morocco, Malaya and India. traders in Kempsey, as a result of the recent The development of so &kaput a unit disastrous floods. Objective has been set capable of transmitting and receiving voice up to horizon distance, and small enough to at a figure of £10,000, to be devoted to fit in the glove box of even a light car, may special concessions to meet cases of ex- open up new radio uses for the man on the treme hardship and to meet costs of re- land. The Air-Mite on-rates on ultra-high fre- wiring, drying-out, etc. You are asked to quency and in this frequency the radiations donate toward the fund generously and have fine of sight characteristics therefore speedily. Make cheques payable to the height above the surrounding terrain is a big factor in the range of the unit. BREIF Club of Sydney, and address them to In aircraft, no difficulty has been experi- the Secretary, 44 Margaret Street, Sydney. enced in two-way conversations at 50 miles owing to the increased horizon distance. (Continued on next page) November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 39 TRADE SECTION "The proximity of power stations and 66,000 H.M.V. RADIOGRA M D43B HT lines creates a great deal of interference, A 5-valve A/c Dual Wave De Luxe Console (Continued from page 35) and it appears that the unit Is doing a very good job up here. A. R. Gordon, Junction, Radiogram. Victoria." Cabinet Dimensions — Width 36 inches, "CAPTAIN" AERIAL UNIT Depth 18 inches, Height 31 inches. Tuning Range — 540-1600 Kc/s. 16.5-51 O sensitive is the modern receiver that there is often a tendency to treat with "I did have one of your aerial eliminators Metres. Scontempt any suggestion that a good aerial some years ago, and it is now doing yeoman Flywheel tuning control giving exceptionally should be used. Often one finds that a few service in England, where I left it when visiting. smooth tuning. feet of wire may be left dangling behind a . „ . Reg Dracup, State Electricity Commission, Large edge-illuminated dial with station cabinet or left coiled inside to the detriment Mt. Beauty, Victoria." names printed in specially selected type to of performance, and the user comes to accept f ac etate ease of reading. a general signal and noise level as being nor- Short Wave band calibrated in metres and mal. With proper aerial consideration, free- "I was fortunate to see and bear the results megacycles. dom from unwanted noise background can be • obtained here. Static is normally bad owing to the case, and where external installation of tropical conditions. . . . P. M. Laren, Dept. Recessed volume control at side of cabinet wire is not feasible, an efficient aerial substi- of Works, Darwin, N.T." permits volume adjustment with cabinet Ed tute may be worthwhile. closed. Pick-up operation controlled by Wave- For many years now, there has been avail- able on the Australian radio market a handy We have seen a sheaf of similar letters cov- Change Switch. little device known as the "Captain" unit. ering territory all over Australia, including Tone Monitor incorporates special "Speech" It has stood the test of time, and, if directions Katoomba, N.S.W., Ferntree Gully, Victoria, position. are correctly followed regarding usage, will Mt. Isa. Queensland, Goolwa, S.A., and New Exclusive H.M.V. Elliptical Speaker. Pro- provide a fully effective outdoor aerial sub- Guinea. vision for extension speaker. stitute. It is a resonant filter unit designed Specially developed delayed automatic vol- for use with receivers covering the broadcast ERE VILLE NE WS TEEMS ume control circuit minimises fading. band and comes to the purchaser post free Breville Radio Pty. Ltd. announces the pro- Inverse feedback applied over the entire for 5/9, from the maker, Reg Cooke, P.O. Box motion of MR. B. J. O'CONNOR from Accoun- audio system ensures a high standard of tonal 9, Gerringong, N.S.W. Installation is simple tant to Secretary of the Company. and is shown pictorially here. Of primary im- quality. portance for full effectiveness is the earth con- MR. JAMES HAMILTON has joined the Stability of performance ensured by the use nection, which must be carefully made and staff as Accountant. of permeability tuning and dust Proof — a-ir not haphazard. A bad earth connection may MR. L. FILEWOOD has joined the Company trimmer condensers. give poor results. Preferably, use should be as Store Ma/roger/Buyer, and brings with him made of a water-pipe for the purpose, and if a wealth of trade experience. the wire thereto is on the lengthy side, this PETER KURTS, Breville Northern Traveller, is helpful rather than detrimental. The wire has just returned from a most extensive trip for the purpose should be of heavy solid or extending over eight weeks, and reports good stranded copper. business in all areas. BUK INTERSTATE DISTRIBUTORS CON- FERENCE. A Conference of the "BUK" Shaver Interstate Distributors was held in Melbourne recently. Bert Prior of Vealls was Chairman, and others present were Les Badge of Vealls, Jack Entwisle of }feelings, Bill O'Brien of Breville, Sydney, Ossie Thomas of Breville, Brisbane, and Bill Govertdock of Newton McLaren, Adelaide. A busy day was rounded off when the Victorian distributors acted as hosts at a dinner at the Australia and later at the Tivoli, and a good time was had by all. ADVERTISING Constant dripping water wears away the hardest stone, Light-weight H.M.V. Pick-up gives faithful reproduction of gramophone recordings with Constant gnawing canine chews exceptionally low record wear. away the toughest bone, Self-starting constant speed motor fitted with automatic stop. Testing the unit on a suitable receiver, we The constant wooing Romeo encountered results reminiscent of tests some Indicator lamp, built into cabinet lid, in- years ago with a buried aerial of special de- takes away the willing maid, dicates when instrument is switched on. sign. The stations were all there with plenty And the constant Advertiser is Controls include separate On-Off Power of signal level, but a normally heavy back- switch. ground of noise was gone. The unit dis- the one who gets the Trade. Patented "Drop-Back" cabinet lid gives full criminates against man-made and natural access to receiver and gramophone controls. static. We also tested the little unit against A special feature is the Acoustic Range a fair-sized outside aerial, and whilst results PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS Selector, a calibrated system of tone control, were not quite comparable with that system, which functions on radio as well as records. the results warranted use where it is necessary Adding something of his own originality to Adjustment of the bass and treble controls to stick to an indoor installation. With a the H.M.V. "Little Nipper" campaign, Mr. R. dual-wave receiver on test, the "Captain" unit T. Waters, well-known Cronulla retailer, re- enables the best possible results to be obtained from older-type recordings, and complete proved equal also to the provision of plenty cently had a handout of ice creams to all of signal from the BBC transmitters in the 30 the local small-fry who brought along their response from modern discs. Reproduction and 19 metre bands. Letters of praise from fox-terriers to his store. A photographer took may be adjusted to the acoustics of any par- satisfied users include remarks thus— pictures of the pups entering the competition ticular room, and the listener is able to exer- and each tail-wagger received a free ration of cise persónal control and adjust music to his "It proved so effective on my own little one biscuit. For ha enthusiasm, we suggest that own taste. valver that Pop got jealous and now wants Price £94/10/-. Available now. one. . . . T. I. Moxhaen, Mulkncudgery, Waters Radio takes the cake! N.S.W." The Gramophone Company enjoyed seeing Miss Molly Lockwood when she called in re- At a general meeting of the International cently. After the rush of the city's business Federation of the Phonographic Industry, re- "I want this for a friend of mine; the one life she was happy to be returning to her cently concluded in Holland, Sir Ernest Fisk, I purchased is giving 100 per cent satisfaction. 'domain at Maples in Wagga, where she man- Managing Director of E.M.I., was unanimously . . H. Rethus, via Wodonga, Victoria." ages the radio, domestic appliances and music re-elected President of the Federation. departments. Representatives of twelve different countries participated in the meetings as members. In "My friend, Mr. Watts, received tonight the addition to members, the meetings were at- one he ordered and it certainly bas made a J. N. Briton, General Manager of Works tended and addressed by official representatives world of difference to. reception. . . . I am at The Gramophone Company Limited, has of U.N.E.S.C.O., the International Broadcast- getting excellent results with mine on my Strom. been elected to the office of Senior Vice- ing Organisation, the International Federation berg receiver. J. A. Burke, Lower Bogong, President of The Institution of Radio Engin- of Musicians, and representatives of the Victoria." eers Australia for the current year, 1949-1950. Netherlands Government. 4f? "Allsira114* RAPI0 and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 FM SERVICE This equipment carries the approved recog- LATEST WATCH TIMING DEVICE nition of the United Kingdom Ministry of Radio telephone equipment giving connec- Transport. FOR AUSTRALIA tion between Head Oface of Melbourne Harbour A new instrument, designed to diagnose the Trust in Market Street and nine units of its NOTES OF GENERAL INTEREST fleet in Port Phillip Bay, and between the ills of Time, has just arrived in Sydney. This Time Beat Recorder will be released Geelong Harbour Trust and eight units of its Set contains 61 valves. Total power consump- to the watch and clock industry through S. fleet, has now been formally handed over to tion 2.0 K.W. Smith & Sons (Australia) Pty. Ltd. the Melbourne Harbour Trust and the Geelong Frequency of operation 9425-9525 Mc/s Bond. Display is presented on a 9 inch Plan Position This new apparatus will revolutionise clock Harbour Trust respectively, by the makers, and watch repairs cutting the work of timing Electronic Industries Limited. Indicator. Ranges of 1 to 5, 9, and 27 miles can be from days to minutes. In both cases a 24 hour service is now being displayed. Evolution of the Electronic Time Beat Re- operated. A feature of the equipment Is the Minimum Range better than 50 yards. corder is an extremely interesting one. It incorporation of a selective calling system has been known that skilled craftsmen, after Range accuracy plus 2/12 per cent of the maxi- new to Australia and designed by the engin- mum range in use. years of experience, could diagnose certain eers of Electronic Industries. The units of the Range discrimination -2 objects on the same faults in a watch by listening to the tick— fleet are called up by dialing the appropriate bearing will be distinguished separately if just as the skilled physician diagnoses certain numbers on an ordinary telephone dial and more than 100 yards apart. illnesses in the human body by means of a during the conversation, all other units are Bearing discrimination -2 objects at same stethoscope. The Time Beat Recorder Is just "locked out." If they ring headquarters, or range but different bearings will be seen that—a most intricate stethoscope, the unit talking to headquarters, while a con- separately if more than 200 feet apart and The instrument comprises a frequency gen- versation is in progress, they receive an subtend an angle not less than 3 degrees. erator, a synchronous motor and a graph "engaged" signal. Picture is un -impaired with rolling up to plus recording device which enables a trace of the Calls to units from the base stations are 20 degrees. recording of the sound to be burnt into the notified by sirens on the larger vessels and Scanning continuous, 30 R.P.M. paper by a visible spark. bells on smaller units. To answer, a telephone Set transmits a peak power of 30 K.W. for If the graph so traced runs in a straight type handset is lifted and the conversation .2 micro-seconds, 1000 times a second. line, the clock or watch Is accurate; If it carried on in the normal manner. To originate Storms with heavy cloud can be detected at deviates to the right or left, the unit under test is gaining or losing, and can be imme- a call, a press-to-talk key is depressed. near ranges, giving warning of approach- diately observed and regulated accordingly. Both the Melbourne and Geelong systems ing squalls, etc. operate on P.M. In the 70-87 megacycles band. Thus, a process that has always required days to carry out properly, is completed in a few The Melbourne system covers the whole of Port minutes. Many other patterns are traced by Phillip Bay down to the Heads, and the Head the recorder, and each one is an immediate Office transmitter is housed in the basement diagnosis of the defects of the unit under of the Harbour Trust Building. It is connected test. A weak main spring, for instance, pro- with an elaborate di-pole aerial on the roof duces a pattern that looks like the track of a of the building which feeds forward over the cart hauled up a hill by a weary horse. Bay. It is also connected by landline with With the regulation of watches now requir- the Harbour Trust Office at Williamstown Pier ing no longer than It takes to buy a box of and can be remotely controlled from there matches (under normal conditions), it looks after normal office hours in the city. Melbourne -4) as if many of us will be seeking new alibis Harbour Trust units connected with the sys- for missed appointments. tem include three tugs, five barges and a motor S. Smith & Sons (England) are one of the launch. A unit is to be installed in the car November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 41 e e AMATEUR RADIO SECTION BC-453A —Army aircraft receiver: This is An Index of American War Surplus Equipment Indicating the merely one of a group in this series. The Functions and Types of Tubes Used. receivers are of all aluminium construction weighing about 6 Abs. and are approximately The Australian amateur interested in the purchase of ex-Service gear 5" x 8" x 12". Power required is 250 volts at 50 ma and 25.2 volts at .45 A. Receivers have may at times come across some unfamiliar item of American origin. By the hl and low impedance output (300 or 4000 courtesy of one of our readers, VK2ZQ, we are giving here the complete list ohms) and are for voice, mew or cw. and hope that at some time or other it will prove to be of utility to the Tubes contained are (3) 12SK7, (1) 12SR7, (1) 12A6, (1) 121(8. BC-453A covers 190 to individual amateur. 550 Kcs, 454A covers 3 to 6 Mes, 455A covers 6 to 9.1 Mes. GUIDE TO EX-SERVICE ATL —Aircraft transmitter - 540 to 9050 Kcs The 274N command set consists of 3 reegivers, CW or Phone, requires 380 volts and 1000 EQUIPMENT 2 transmitters, 4 dynamotors, 1 modulator, 2 volts DC. RF osc - 6L6, RF amp - 814, 6SL7 control boxes, and ant coupling and total of ADF —Navy receiver, 15 to 1750 kc., in 6 speech, 61,6 driver, PP 6L6 mod. Designed 26 tubes. Receivers cover 190 to 550 lies, 3 bands, 8 tubes - (3) 6D6, (2) 76, (2) 6C6, (1) for dynamotor operation. Weight 75 lbs. Size to 6 Mes and 6 to 9.1 Ales. Transmitters cover 41. 11" x 12" x 21". 3-4 Mes and 4 to 5.3 Mes. AM-26 /2 I C—Interphone Amplifier containing AVT- I 12A —Aircraft transmitter: 2500 to 6500 BC-454A —See data on BC-453A. (2) 12J5, (2) 12A6 tubes, designed for use Kes Phone, operates from 6, 12, or 24 volt BC-455A —See data on BC-453A. from 28-volt DG dynamotor. source. Has 6 tubes and weighs 6 lbs. BC-456A--Is modulator unit for BC-457A APA- I 0—Pan-Oscillo Receiver: is 115vAC B-19--Mark II Transmitter and receiver cover- Series transmitters. operated and contains panoramic adapter with ing 40 to 80 meter bands. BC-457A--Series Transmitters are designed for IF of 405-505 kc., 4.75 to 5.75 Mc., and 29 to RC- 191—Same as 375E transmitter except use with BC-453A Series receivers in Army 31 Mc. operaLs on 12 or 14 volts. aircraft and are similar in appearance but AP1N- I—Altimeter: 418-4(62 Me. Transmitter BC-221—Frequency meter: Up to 125th har- slightly larger. Rated output is 30-40 watts. and Receiver which measures 3 to 4000 feet monic. Basic frequency is 125 to 250 Kes Have directly calibrated vernier dial and con- altitude, weighs 25 lbs. and is 18" x 9" x 7". and 2000 to 4000 Kcs. Better than .005% tain the following tubes: Designed to operate from 28 volts DC and accurate. (2) 1625 PA, (1) 1626 Ose, (1) 1629 Tuning contains the following tubes: (4) 12SH7, (3) BC-222—Receiver/Transmitter. 28-38 Mcs and Indicator, 12SJ7, (2) 1266, (1) VR 150, (2) 955, (2) quencies. Uses 801 Ose, 801 Pa (2) 46 Mod, All units have crystal for check on calibration. (1) 46 SP amp. 10 to 30 watts output on tone, 9004. BC.457A, 4 to 5.3 Mes (Crystal 4600 Kes); AP N-4--Radar Oscilloscope containing 25 voice or CW 4 crystal frequencies and master BC-458A, 5.3 to 7 Mes (Crystal 6200 Kes) ; tubes, 18" x 9" x 12", and weighs 50 lbs. oscillator on switch. 3 cous —TU 17A 2000 to BC-459A, 7 to 9.1 Mes (Crystal 8000 Kes) ; R65/AP N -9—Loran Indicator and Receiver 38-52 Mcs. Similar to BC-322. BC-696, 3 to 4 Mes (Crystal 3500 Kcs). BC-223AX —Transmitter, covering medium fre- containing .35 tubes and 3" scope. 110 volts, BC-458A —See BC-457A. 3000 Res: TU 18 3000 to 4500 Kes; TU 25 400 cycles. BC -459A —See BC-457A. 3500 to 5250 Kes. Black wrinkle case with 2 APQ-9 —VHF Radar. BC-603-10 channel FM receiver using push separate cases for spare coils. RT34/A PS- 13—Transmitter and Receiver con- buttons or manual 20 to 30 Mes, Superhet, taining following tubes: (5) 6J6, (9) 6AG5, 6C-224—Receiver, 200 to 500 Kes and 1500 to BFO, 12 volt operation. 10 tube. 18,000 Kcs. Operates from 14 volt dynamotor (1)VR 150, (2) 2D21. 410-420 Mc. 30 Mc. IF BC-604---10 channel FM transmitter push but- (identical with BC-348 except for input volt- Freq. ton or manual 20 to 30 Mes using 1625 final age). APS- I5—Radar set, 45 tubes, 3 meters, four with 20 watts output for 12 volt operation. 8 115 volt 400 cycle supplies, multivibrators, 5" BC-306A —Antlenna tuning unit for BC-375 tubes. transmitter. Operates from 150 to 800 lies. 116-620A —Transmitter and Receiver covering and 2" scopes. BC-312 —Receiver: 1500 to 18,000 Kes. Uses 9 APT-S--Transmitter - 1500 Mc., uses 115VAC 20 to 27.9 Mcs Crystal controlled FM with 13 tubes with 2 RF stages. (4) 6K7, (1) 6L7, (2) tubes. (4) 1LN5, (1) 1LC6, (1) 11,114), (2) filaments, no plate supply included. (2) 6C5, (1) 6E7, (1) 6F6. 6AC7, (1) 6L6, (2) 829, (I) 931A, (1) 522, 1291, (4) 1299, (1) 1294. Weighs 38 lbs. BC-314 —Same as BC-312 except covers 150- BC-624 —Receiver component of SCR-522, 10 (1) 6A07. 1500 lies. ARB —Navy 4-band receiver, 195 to 9 Me., tube superhet. BC-322 —Receiver/Transmitter 52-65 Mcs. BC-645—Transmitter and Receiver (IFF). 435 uses (1) 12SA7, (4) 12SF7, (1) 12A6, weighs BC-342—Same as BC-312 except will operate 28 lbs., and is 6" X 7" x 15". to 500 Mes with 15 tubes. 400 volts at 133 ma on 115 VAC. required plus 9 volts at 1.2 Amp AC. (4) 7F7, ARC-4 —Transmitter and Receiver using 4 BC-344—Similar to BC-312 except covers 150 (4) 7117, (2) 7E6, (2) 6F6, (2) 955, (1) 316A. crystal channels, in 140 Mc. range for 24 or to 1500 lies and is 115 VAC operated. Weighs 25 lbs. 12 volt DC operation. Transmitter has 7 tubes. BC-348—Receiver: 1500 to 18,000 Kes and 200 BC-653A —Transmitter: 100 watts CW, 22 ARC-5 —Navy aircraft equipment :—Receivers: to 500 Kes. Automatic noise compensator watts phone. 2 to 4.5 Mes, 807 buffer, (2) 190 to 550 kc.: 1.5 to 3 Mc.; 3 to 6 Mc.; 6 to (neon). Output 300 or 4000 ohms. Crystal 1613 MO and Mod, (2) 814 Final. 9.1 Me. Transmitters: 500 to 800 kc.; 800 Miter, AVC-MVC-BFO. 1st RF 6K7, 2nd RF BC-654A —Transmitter and Receiver. 3800 to Receiver has 13 tubes. 6K7, ItF Ose 6C5, 1st Del 6J7, let IF 61(7, 5800 Kcs, Calibration every 10 Kes, 200 Kcs to 1300 kc.; 1.3 to 2.1 Mc.; 3 to 4 Mc.; 4 to 2nd IF and CW Ose 6F7, 3rd IF and 2nd Det 5.3 Mc.; 5.3 to 7 Mc.; 7 to 9.1 Mc.; 100 to 6B8, Audio 41, Operates from 28 volts DC. crystal for check points, Power output is 12 watts voice or 25 watts CW, 7 tube superhet 156 Me. Modulator is MD-7/ARC5 2-1625's. BC-357J—Beacon Receiver for 75 Mes. receiver using (3) 1N5, (1) 1A7, (2) 3Q5, (1) ARC-429-2 band receiver, 201 to 400 Kcs and 13-C-375—Transmitter: 150 watts output, 200 to 1115; 6 tube transmitter uses (2) 307A in final. 2500 to 4700 Kes (aircraft). 12,000 Kes (less BC), 211 Ose, 211 RF amp. Requires 1.5 volts, 45 volts, 90 volts for re- ARC-429A--2 band receiver, 201 to 400 Kcs 10 Speech amp, (2) 211 PP modulators, 5 ceiver. Requires 1.5 volts, 6 volts, 51 volts, and 4150 to 7700 Kcs (aircraft). tuning units as follows :—TU 5B 1500 to 3000 84 volts, and 500 volts for transmitter. Oper- R-139v'ARN-5A —Glide Path Receiver; 11 tube Kcs, TU 6B 3000 to 4500 Kes, TU 7B 4500 to ates from PE 103A dynamotor. superhet on 332 to 335 Mes. •, fixed tuning; 6200 Kes, TU 8B 6200 to 7700 Kcs, TU JOB 6C-659 —Transmitter and Receiver. FM voice Glide path receiver: (7) 6AG5; (1) 12SR7 10,000 to 12,500 Kcs. (2) 12SN7 ; (1) 28D7. Crystal frequencies BC-403—Radar oscilloscope, 5" scope 115 volt only. 27 to 38.9 Mes, Crystal controlled, 2 are: .332.6 Mes. ; 333.8 Mcs.; 335.0 Mes. 60 cycles operation, component of SCR-270 watt output, battery operated. Weighs 12 lbs.; size 13" x 5" x 6". and 271. BC-684/683—Transmitter and Receiver. FM R- 5 / AR N -7---Radlo Compass Receiver—covers 6C-404—Radar receiver for SCR-270 and 271, units, receiver uses 9 tubes in 10 channels 200 to 1750 Kes in 3 bands with 17 tubes. 102 to 110 Mes, 12 tubes, operates from 115 (push buttons), transmitter uses 8 tubes in 10 channels (push buttons), 35 watt output, 27 ART-IS. or ATC —Collins Auto tune transmitter: volts 60 cycles. 2 to 18.1 Mes in 11 channels, weighing 70 lbs. BC-406—Receiver from SCR-268 unit covering to 38.9 Mes. and is 23" x 13" x 11" 150 watts voice, cw 201 to 210 Mes, with 15 tubes and 115 VAC BC-696 —See BC-457A. or mew. Uses 813 in final and 811's in pp operated. BC-701—VHF receiver, 170 to 180 Mcs. IF modulator. v.f.o. and crystal calibrator. 6C-412 —Oscilloscope from SCR-268 radar. freq. Is 30.5 Mes, 11. tubes, self contained ASB —Radar equipment, 515 Mc. BC-450A —Control box for 453A type receivers. power supply. 42 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N Netes - Notember, 1949 BC-704A —Radar indicator unit, part of RA-63A —Rectifier, input 115 volts at 60 cycles, AMATEUR NOTES FROM SCR-521. (4) 6AC7, (3) 6116, (1) 5BP1. output 12 volts at 8 amps. BERS195 BC-728—Push button receiver. 2-5 Mes, 2 or 6 RA-105 —Rectifier, 117 volt, 60 cycles input, volts, 6 tubes. output is 2000 volts, 610 v, 415 v, 300 v, 200 Well-known radio enthusiast Eric v, all DC plus 6.3 volts AC. Weighs 119 lbs. BC-733D— Localiser Receiver. Blind landing Trebilcock, at present located in Vic- equipment with 6 Crystal frequencies. 108 and is 10" x 24" x 19". Lo 120 Mes with 10 tubes. (3) 717A, 12SQ7, RAX-1 —Receiver combination. No. 1- 4 bands toria, sends along some gen: 12A6, (2) 12SG7, 12A117, (2) 125117. from 200 to 1500 Kes, No. 2- 4 bands from 1500 to 9000, No. 3- 5 Bands from 7 to 27 BC-788—Receiver. 420 to 450 Me, 6 IF stages "There are now at least four Mes. Operates from 24 volt dynamotor. using 6AG5'S, 30 Mes broad band width. licensed amateurs on Norfolk Island, RC-150—IFF equipment, us ..(1 with SCR-270 BC-929—Army radar oscilloscope, 110 volts, and 271. and three are known to be active. 400 cycle. RC- I 88A —IFF equipment, 157 to 185 Mcs, They are VK9NR (Noel Roberts), BC-939--Antenna tuning unit for BC-610 Transmitter/Receiver indicator, 62 tubes, VK9GM (George Meaton) and transmitter. operates from 110 volts, 60 cycles. VK9RIf (Reg Hoare). The last BC-946 B—S ee BC-453A receivers—covers 520 RI- -9—Interphone amplifier from 24 volt DC to 1500 Kea. dynamotor. named is a technician and the other BC-947A —UHF transmitter. 3000 Mes, 115 volt RT- 1248 —GE transmitter and receiver. 435 operators with Dept. of Civil Aviation AC operation. with blower. to 500 Mes, 20 watts out, 5 tubes using on the island. That well-known ama- BC-966A —IFF, approximately 2 meters, 14 WE 316A final. Receiver uses 10 tubes 955 1st tubes, 350 volt dynamotor with 12 volt input. Bet, 955 Ose, (3) ; 7117 IFs, 7E6, 7117, 12 volts teur, VQ8CB (Leny Mazery), at pre- BC- I 023A —Marker Beacon Receiver. 75 Mes required. sent located in the CHAGOS archi- using 6807. 6176G, 6SC7, 12SH7; 12 to 24 RU - I 6/G F-11 —Traesmitten-Receiver. 3000 to pelago, plans to migrate to Aus- volt DC operation. 4525 and 6000 to 9050 Kcs Transmitter, 195 to 13,575 KC receiver, 12 watt voice or CW, 100 tralia at a later date, if some family BC-1068A —Receiver (see BC-1161A) . lbs. and 13" x 31". difficulties can be overcome. BC-1072A —Transmitter: 115 volt AC operation, SCR-I95 —Transceiver Walkie -Talkie. 52.8 to 150 to 200 Mes, 11 tubes. 65.8 Mes, 27 lbs. with knapsack, 25 mile "Entrants in the last VK/ZL BC-116 I A—Reeeiver used with 1072A trans- range, handset and spare parts plus antenna World Wide DX Contest held a year mitter. 115 volt AC operation with 14 tubes, (telescope). 10" x 16" x 15", 1- 6SN7 Cathode follower, SCR-269F —Radio compass. 17 tube staperbet ago, are wondering how much longer 1- 6H6 2nd Det., 2- 6SH7 1st and 2nd RF, receiver, 200 to 1750 Kcs in 3 bands. they have to wait before seeing the 1- 6SH7 Video amp, 3- 6AC7 1st, 2nd and 3rd SCR-274N —Command set composed of 453A results published. VKlAJT, 2nd IF, 2- 6AB7 4th, 5th IF, 1- 9006 Mod., 1- 615 series receivers and 457A transmitters (see Ose., 1- 5U4G Rect., 1- 6E5 tuning id., Com- those listings). operator to the Government inspired ponent of RC 150 IFF, Same as . BC-1068A, SCR-474 —Portable transmitter and receiver, occupation party on Macquarie Island, IF Band Pass is 4 Mc. covering 40 and 80 meter bands, 1 volt tubes has been active on 14 Mc. CW, and BC-1206C —Setchell Carlson Beacon Receiver: in receiver. Has 6V6 v.f.o., 6V6 power amp., and 6V6 modulator. his home address is John Totten. 56 (2) 251,6, 6SK7, 6SF7, 6SA7, 6K7; 195 or SC R-522—Transmitter and Receiver: 100 to Leonora Street, South Perth, W.A. 420 Res. Weighs 4 lbs., 4" x 4" x 6-5/8". 156 Mes, 12 watts output on voice, 4 crystal Does any 'R. & TV' reader know the BC-1267—Transmitter and receiver, 154 to 186 frequencies, antenna is AN-104-B 1/4 wave. Mes. 1 KW pulse oscillator, superhet circuit, Transmitter alone is BC-625. Receiver is BC- QTH or QRA or VK1RA heard • with 2 RF stages, and 5 stagger tuned IF's. 624. Tubes used: (2) 832, (3) 12A6, (1) 6G6, a nice signal on 14 Mc. CW? It is BD-77K m—Dynamotor, input 14 volts DC, out- (2) 6SS7, (1) 1215, (1) 12C8, (1) 9002, (3) rumoured that Doug. Anderson put 1000 volts at 350 ma. Used with BC-191. 9003, (1) 12AH7, (3) 12SG7. (VK3Z W) is leaving for Europe C- 1—Auto Pilot Amplifier. For radio controlled SCR-536--Walkie Talkie. 1- 1315, 1- rr4, models etc. (3) 7F7 Amps., (3) 7N7 Signal 1- 1S5, 2- 384. shortly on a mission for the Govern- discriminators, (1) 7Y4 Rectifier. SCR-57&—Gibson girl transmitter. Automatic ment in connection with. radio. CCT -46077—Transmitter: 2-20 Mes, 12 Volt SOS for sea rescue. input. 30 lbs. Unit of RBM-2 Equipment. SCR-625 —Mine detector. Balanced inductance "W1XM/MM on 'SS Flying Scud' bridge with 1000 cycle osc. 2 tube amplifier CRV -4615 I—Aircraft receiver. 4 bands cover- and VK2XS/M M on 'SS Suva,' were 1G6 and 11%15, 2 flashlight batteries plus 100 ing 195 to 9,050 Kes. 6 tube superhet. volts B battery weighs 15 lbs. both heard recently with nice CW DAG -33A —Dynamotor, input 18 volts DC, out- SPR -2A—Receiver. Superhet 1000 to 3100 Mes, 'sigs on 7 Mc. The former was off put 450 volts DC at 60 ma. 2C40 UHF ose. 115 VAC operation, 15 tubes. Sumatra, bound Singapore, and the DM-21—Dynamotor, input 14 volts DC, output Weighs 15 lbs. and is 8" x 10" x 23". 235 volts at 90 ma. T- I 7B—Carbon hand mike, 200 ohms single latter en route for Sydney; was 400 DM-33A —Dynamotor, input 28 volts DC, out- button press to talk. miles east of that Capital. Has any- put 540 volts DC at 250 ma. (Power supply TA- I 2—Bendix 100 watt transmitter; v.f.o., body received a QSL card from for modulator of SCR-274N series). par 807 final, VK4SI/VR1, who claimed to be in EE-13—Field telephone. TBW —Transmitter, simlIkr to GO-9. 3-18,100 kc. 150 watts. the Gilbert Islands, but who is be- G F-1 I—Equipment consists of: CW 52063A T DV —Transmitter/Receiver 28-30 Mes, Voice Transmitter, CW 52014 Transmitter base, lieved to have been located else- and MC W. Output 1/2 watt. Portable. CW 23097 Transmitter control box, CW 23098 where ?" TCS -9—Transmitter and Receiver, 25 watt Extension control box, CW 23049 Relay unit, output. 1500 to 12,000 K M 115 Volts AC, CW 47092 Coil set. Crystals or VFO. GO-9.=Transmitter with power supply, 200 to TU -5B, 6B, eté.—Tuning units for BC-375 18.100 Kes, 115 volt, 800 cycles. 803 final, Transmitter (see listing of BC-375). v.f.o., 150 watt. 1-152AM —Radio Altimeter indicator. 3 each GP-7--Navy transmitter, 125 watts, 350 to 6AG5, 2X2, 3DP1, operates from 110 volts, 9050 Kes with plug-in tuning units. 400 cycles. PC-77—Dynamotor, input 12 volts DC, output 1-122A —Signal generator, self contained, 115 175 volts at 100 ma and 500 volts at 50 ma. volts 60 cycle supply, with crystal calibrator, PE-73CM —Dynamotor, input 28 volts, output 8-15 Mrs and 150-230 Mes, with harmonics 1000 volts at 350 ma, used with BC-375. covers 8 to 308 Mes. PE-86—Dynamotor, input 28 volts DC, out- 1-233 —Range calibrator. (2) 6SN7, (2) 6L6, put 250 volts DC at 60 ma. (2) 6V6, (1) 6S17, (1) 5Y3. PE-10 I C—Dynamotor, input 12 or 24 volts, 602A-41—Amplifier 2 stage RF amp for UHF. output 800 volts at 20 ma and 400 volts at 135 ma, plus 9 volts at 1.1 amps. Used with BC-645. PE- 103A —Dynamotor, 500 volts at 160 ma from either 6 or 12 volts DC. PE-104—Dynamotor, 90 volts at 50 ma from 6 or 12 volts DV input. An interesting receiver design is PE- 109—Direct current power plant. Gasoline noted in a New Zealand publication, engine driven genzrator, has 32 volt output using dual I.F. channels from 455 to at 2000 watts. 100 Kc/s. One amplifier valve only PRS- I—Mine detector. RAK -7—Navy Receiver. 9 tubes, 115 volt AC is applied in each stage. The tuner operation, 6 bands 15 Xc to 600 He. specified is of interest, being an RA-20 -115 v. 60 cycle power supply for BC- attractive band-spread switched 312, BC-342. RA-38--Rectifier, 15 KVA, output is 15 KV assembly made by S.O.S. Radio Ltd. at 500 ma. variable, weight 2040 lbs., of Auckland. It is appropriately 68" x 54" x 57". named the "Rainbow" tuner—the RA-58A -111 voltage supply. 500 to 15,000 * "There he goes again calling CHARLIE volt continuously variable at 35 ma for break- calibration scales being arranged in down tests, 115 volt AC operation. various identification colours. QUEEN DOG X-RAY, November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" HOME CONSTRUCTION AND flourishes mainly on home-constructor pro- at 580 mc/s everybody seems to be GADGETRY ducts mainly because the wise head at the using them. (The ZL's seem to have helm has the clarity of vision to realise that been luckier, with 8012's available. UCH has been written in the past, and the doy of the home-constructor is as virile —Ed.). M a great deal has been said, about the as ever. We believe that too, and for that Favourite rig is grounded-grid home rodio constructor. Some wiseacres reason this journal will always keep well in PP with I wave plate and filament dismiss the very idea with a shrug of the mind the likes and dislikes of our younger lines and Dowers run between 3 and shoulders as being o completelj, dead one, readers. 6 watts. Receivers run from PP the genus supposedly having been killed RL18's as squegger transceivers, off by the mass-production way of life in ABOUT VHF EQUIPMENT single jobs, and in my case a 2C40 this rather dubious post-war world. As "lighthouse" tube squegger — to humble remnants of this allegedly extinct Some time ago, we received from Ken McTaggart, VICIVVV, an amount superhets. There are one or two very race, we would not normally presume to good ASB receivers. VK3XA uses a of information about Victorian VHF argue the point with these Moguls, but we home built super with 6J6 ose: on activities. Owing to the general dis- aver that a modicum of consideration might 530 mc/s and similar mixer into an location of the industrial conditions place the facts in their true light. Firstly, ASV. VK3RR uses an "A'com" oscil- immediately following on our June, there is the question of the 'teen-ager with lator and an RL/8 mixer with the 1949 issue, we were not able to pub- liking for tinkering and gadgetry. concentric grid line having high lish the information. It is now given Q and tuning sharply. I have done a There will always be youngsters in our here and will be of considerable in- lot with antennas, equipped with a world and they will always exhibit hobby terest to VHF readers. IN34 Field meter and have used a tendencies. What more attractive thon 580 me/s. For 3 or 4 months the corner reflector — right up to its rodio—and now of course with it peering fellows have been getting more and theoretical gain of 10db and now a over the horizon—television? Secondly, if more interested and contacts have 24 element stacked array. There is home construction be o dead elephant, how been made with VK's 3RR and 3XA explain the rush since 1945 for "disposals —over î mile, and 3Q0 and 3IM over a regrettable tendency to go off half cocked, with too great a reliance on gear," particularly of the radio kind? Those one mile. At least, things are mov- dipoles—when beams are so easy to dealers who "bought up big" at the many ing. I went to Mount Dandenong and build. I seldom use 50 mc/s now ex- government sales knew what they were had splendid two-way contacts with cept as a checking band for 580 doing, and they did very nicely too, thank VK's 3IM, 3ABA, and 3XA. Signals mc/s and do not often appear on 2 you. They can tell you what manner of per- between the mountain and the first metres. son went to make up their vast stream of two mentioned were S9+. I Was clients; mostly younger folk of course. On heard also by 3Q0 at S8. Next, the other hand, it isn't all doldrums either from high ground near Mont Albert 6 METRE DX for for-seeing people catering for brand new I heard S7 signals from VK3RR —a At 1140 hrs. E.A.T. on October 9, VK's components, kits of parts and accessories. distance of 45 miles. The gear varies, 2AH and 2ARG worked cross-band with One of Australia's most progressive radio con- but since RL18's are the only tubes JA2AZ on 10 and 6 metres. VK2RU also cerns, located in the city of Melbourne, readily available that work decently heard the JA station on 6 metres. Best Neutralization Indicator Is the completely neutralized, especially Grid Meter when phone is used. Hold a neon glow lamp to one end of the plate coil, and the glow will "JAKRIS." Lordly Mr. Final Authority is Radio Components of a type noticed in the ebb and flow of verbal disappear when the point of neu- parrying via amateur mikes. He may dilate tralization seems to have been found. at length upon his expensive equipment and Quality... Now move the lamp to the other sneeringly dub some lad struggling to get going with simple gear as a "screwball with end of the plate coil—and it will glow. a regenerative receiver." Consideration for again. The neutralizing condenser the fledgling minus a heritage of munificence to provide a string of 640's, HRO's etc., is must be slightly readjusted in order lacking. The boy has as much right to make to find the new point of complete up and use his simple "blooper" as Mr. P.A. neutralization. But move the lamp has to air his pompous views, and after all, this IS supposed to be a fraternity. back again to the other end of the coil, and the lamp will glow again. "Bloxon": An interesting sidelight You see-saw back and forth, and one on Australian accent is gathered end of the plate coil will always from amateur radio-telephony con- light the lamp, even though the versations. Several Americans on Capital "A" is appropriate for Aegis lamp will not glow when held against 20 metres reply to Australians thus: Components, for their quality is the other end of the coil. This phen- second to none! Exacting Standards "W6XYZ standing by for VEE KYE in design and manufacture are your omenon is caused by a slight un- so-and-so." The "K" of the prefix guarangee. If it's Aegis . . It's balance of the neutralizing circuit "VK" would not thus be emphasized dependable! due to the capacity of the neon lamp if Americans hadn't noticed it with and hand-capacity to ground. The many Australians. As for the Agents in Every correct setting of the neutralizing Americans, when one of them talks State. condenser will therefore be midway about "beatin' it to woik foist thing between the two settings, proving in the moining," the hearer this end that the lamp is not an accurate knows he's in touch with a Noo indicator of complete neutralization. Yoiker. The answer lies in the use of a meter in the grid circuit to denote AEGIS MANUFACTURING complete neutralization. The needle SUBSCRIBE NOW! CO. PTY. LTD. of the meter will not flicker when the For 12/- a year you get stage is neutralized, as determined 208 Little Lonsdale Street, "RADIO and TELEVISION" by swinging the plate tuning con- MELBOURNE, VICTORIA denser over its entire arc of rotation. MAILED DIRECT. It is essential that RF stages be 44 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" No: ember, 1949 on the following day, and Charlie had achieved his ambition to sport t11111111111111111111111111111111111111111MU1111111U1111111111111111111a111111111U1111111111111111 a rotary for "twenty." Chas. Whitelaw, VK3BH, was first licensed in 1910, so is fully rated as an Old Timer. He was a foundation member of the Wireless Institute of BOOK NEWS FROM Australia. After a few years with King Spark, Chas. moved off with the 1st A.I.F. TECHNICAL BOOK to the Kaiser's War; survived the fracas, and got back with the urge to get going again in amateur radio. & MAGAZINE CO. He was well-known on 200 metres in the early 20's, and many people will remember the familiar call "VK3BH Mornington calling." The years have slipped by, and along Keep abreast of the latest develop- with other OT's, Charles has grown ments in RADIO by subscribing to much older, but retains all the en- any of the following Magazines. thusiasm of those early days of radio. "R. and TV News" hopes that VK3BH will long be spared to enjoy the evening of life, and to work plenty of fellow amateurs, both DX AMERICAN and nearby, with the cherished ambi- Per year tion of the beam which now "C.Q." (The Radio Ama- - graces the station in the Dan- teur's Journal) .. THE BEAM AT VK3BH denongs. • - • • Early this year it was possible to Audio Engineering Price observe Charles Whitelaw, VK3BH, on of Dandenong, Vic., making frequent Applica- reference on "twenty" to the advent Radio News .. tion. of an important day; that of a beam erecting bee. After many months of Radio Electronics (form- set-back due to unforseen circum- erly Radio Craft) .. tances, weather, etc., a large number of fellow amateurs and friends assembled at Harrisfield, ready and AUSTRALIAN AND ENGLISH willing to hoe into the job. Per year The day was fine, with tempera- Wireless World .. 1 12 6 ture around the 100 mark, and the roll-up comprised VK's 3SB, SEN, Electronic Engineering . 1 12 6 30Z, 3KE, 3DH, 3E0, 3AGX, 3HK, 3ZW, 3BZ and 3DV. Wireless Engineer .. . 2 0 0 The job started with the bracing Radio and Hobbies .. . 12 0 of the tower, which had been con- structed some months previously, and Australian Radio World . 16 0 VK3BH plied the refreshments, which Australian Radio & Tele- were disposed of in double-quick time. vision News .. 12 0 An interesting diversion was the Amateur Radio .. 6 0 use of a 50 Mc/s outfit by VK3HK, used from •his car, and a two-way Radio & Science .. 12 0 contact was held with VK3RR at Mount Martha. Sigs were S9 both ways. Bert, VK3SB, had acquired the services of a friend with a truck to which was fitted a winch; a mighty SEND YOUR ORDERS TO:— useful adjunct to the business of get- Popular Charlie Whitelaw, VK3BH, is a ting a hefty tower and beam from doughty fire-fighter. There should be no the recumbent to the upright posture. fears of any conflagration in the final, TECHNICAL BOOK Even so, the tower was in the pro- eh Charles? cess of slow raising when at about 20 degrees the rope parted com- "SIXEB." During the recent industrial & MAGAZINE CO. pany! Fortunately the boys had hold-up, several readers of "R & TV" got concerned about it and asked the publishers ladders and poles in place against how come. Popularity of the magazine is 295, 297, 299 Swanston Street, such an occurrence, so no damage emphasised by a particular instance. The was done. Finally the tower was Editor received a telephone call on a Saturday afternoon. "Where's the magazine?" said the Opp. Old Melbourne Hospital winched nicely into position, during enquirer. The non-appearance pro tern ex- which process a movie was taken plained, the Editor asked who was the en- MELBOURNE, 0.1. of the proceedings by VK3F0. quirer. "VR6MS" came the reply. "What are you doing In Sydney at such a time?" Morrie, VK3BZ, climbed the tower ventured the Editor. "I'm not," said Mr. Cent. 2041 to attach the coaxial feed-lines and Sanders, "I'm spealchaz from my home in to check the beam over finally.. The Perth." That tots up almost a year's sub In a phone call, and it speaks volumes for reader ------first communication tests were made enthusiasm. 1111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111, November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 45 AMATEUR GEELONG AMATEUR RADIO VK3AGD, Dunkeld. Certainly gets "DO UNTO OTHERS" CLUB (Vic.). around the country; first in Mel- From J. A. Freeman (VK3ALG), bourne, then Mt. Gambier, S.A., then When you lose the thrill of a QS0 Publicity Officer of the Victorian on the air at home. When do you With a W —one or two, Club, we have selected the following PLAY, John, and how's the shack When the fact that you're heard in notes:— coming along? some far distant land Members started their second VK3AWE, Hampton. Having a Just don't mean a thing to you, year with the new President, Ed. 'spot of bother with elusive hum in When sending a card is a burdensome Kosseck, VK3AKE, officiating. The modulation. Sounds a lot better now, task, programme as prepared for the next Wal, seems you have located it? And a "listener's" card is taboo, VK3VA, Ballarat. Hope you are year includes lectures, visits to It's time you pulled switches and amateur stations, and Field days. not worrying about that rise in plate closed up the shack, The second meeting was handled current, Bert. Hard listening doesn't For there's nothing in this game by Bill Brownbill, VK3BU, who also reveal a fault in the transmission for you. delivered an interesting lecture on OM. Narrow Band FM. Secretary Bob When you snub a beginner, when a Wookey (who can be reached at 158 "chirp" is a crime, Kilgour St., Geelong, Vic.) has been And a "send slow" plea you abhor, advised by the W.I.A. of the accept- Better quit Amateur Radio, friend, ance of the club as a member. Officers For there's no fun for you any are: E. Kosseck, VK3AKE, President; more. W. Brownbill, VK3BU, and A. Bell, VK3ABE, Vice Presidents; R. I just love to be told, "You're my Wookey, VK3IC, Secretary; Fred first, VK," Freeman, VK3ALG, Publicity; Com- If he only lives over the way. mitteemen are Messrs. W. Barrett, The pleasure of working a Chirpy DC VK3WT; Dick Steighway, VK3ABK; Is a thrill to me boy, any day. Peter Cartwright and Jack Mitchell. I like to "pipe down," send slow to a "R. & TV News" wishes the club kid, the best of success in its second year. Sure—and tell him his keying is fine. VICTORIAN NOTES And when he conies out with that SWINGING SIGNAL? By VK3MIT "Pse QSL" Our good friend Mart Chaffer tells Believe me, the pleasure's all mine. us the latest from VK3:— GLADESVILLE RADIO CLUB, VK2ADY VK3T W, Hamilton, heads the list If you would enjoy this old Radio with a comeback on 40 and 80, even 5 Elston Avenue, West Svcle, N.S.W. Game, with the old complaint of arcing over Current activities are listed as in- Just pause and hark back o'er the years, in the final. Open .your neut. con- cluding:— denser a bit, George. G. Miles. VK2KI.—Gliding and When if you hooked a G you thought VK3RE, Hamilton. Back on the job Radio Control. you'd done fine, And to lose him just almost again after a spell in the Big Smoke. E. Noller.—Electronic Water Soft- brought tears. Still putting out a solid phone ening. J. Read, VK2JD.—Ionosphere Pre- You've got to think back to your kid dictions and Rotary Antennas. VK3GR, Ballarat. Uses a Foldi- days again, Field Day. — 144 mcs. — Direction pole on 40 at present with a brand And remember that this is quite finding — co-operation with other new rack and panel TX nearly fin- true: clubs. ished. Looks swell even now, Bob. You must do unto others in this Social Outing.—Picnic to Eden VK3AGE, Colac. now's the an- Amateur World Park. tenna position, Gordon"? Sounds fine As you'd have them do unto you. in these parts. Anyone interested The name of the club has been in flowers, ask Alma for gen.! shortened and is now known as —"Uncle Ike." VK3UG, Rye. Norm, why worry shown. about beams when you have such a Some incapacitated amateurs, namely, VKS, 2AQQ, 2ANF and 2RR, hefty signal? That tank-stand and "Amgen." That smiling counten- have been granted honorary member- mast must be giving you ideas. ance of the chappie holding the AWA ship—entitling them to all members' Norm will be remembered by OT's "Air-Mite" on page 18 of our Vol. 1, right without financial obligation. as VK3DP of 200 metre fame. No. 3, is Ron Blades, known to DX The club's transmitter is used every VK3EP, Bendigo. Ted has been and VHF men as VK2VP. His pet Tuesday evening on 40 metres, and suffering from wrist injuries, but still outfit at the moment runs NFM on is now well-known on that band. can handle that mike FB, even on 51-6 Mc/s with a "Halo" type radi- change-overs. Speedy recovery, OM. — Ken Whitemore, Publicity Officer. ator. 46 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" November, 1949 QRR FLOODS We've heard our share of emer- gency traffic and areas, but in recent days we have heard the most inten- sive; whilst Kempsey, N.S.W., was ravaged by flood waters. The ama- teur was up against the toughest proposition he has so far taken upon his shoulders in Australia, and he did a fine job. A handful of men, known to the public as "those amateurs," were handling reams of emergency traffic for the stricken community. Many of "those amateurs" did not see bed for days; many of "these amateurs" conked out at the key or the mike. These are the boys who want to know how their modulation is; these are the boys who continually seek RST reports, and the public should be very glad that they do keep their stations up to snuff. We listened to strained and husky a The efficiency of a beam array is not Impaired by bending the ends down as shown here. voices, and tired fists. We heard re- Compactness is the immediate advantage. The 2 element 20 metre array is used by markable team work: flood area Bert Brand, VK2A10, at The Entrance, N.S.W. stations protected on the air by others either side of the flood area Cures This publication received a de- station frequency, all -set to flash a (a) More inductance and less tailed account from Harold Whyte, warning at the first sign of jamming. capacity in final tank circuit—hard VK2AHA, of the emergency traffic And we followed the fortitude of to get on 28 Mc., isn't it? communication during the Maitland amateurs who persevered with a (b) Higher Q coil—more suitable (N.S.W.) floods. Unfortunately it ar- patience beyond belief, simply, in conductor or coil shape. certain cases, to get back some sort rived during the coal strike, when we (e) In most cases (a) and (b) are of report to a mother or a wife couldn't print. By the time we could, reasonably well satisfied but either there had been the Kempsey flood fraught with worry. the antenna coupling is left as for experience, but the time factor was Our opinion of this emergency code or the usual directions, to couple against us to run a story, much as work done by amateurs is that it was the antenna until the correct match we would like to have done so. We excellent to a high degree. The to the modulators is obtained, have have therefore had to be content public can bet that whenever the been followed. Reduce the antenna with an expression of congratulations need arises in a community isolated coupling until the plate meter can to all concerned, and they were very by disaster of the flood or other be made just to kick upwards on numerous. kind, Australian Amateur Radio will peaks. Now increase the plate volt- be on the job. age until the correct power input to —"R. & TV." match the modulator is obtained. Lastly alter the matching of the Jack Pike, VK2JP, who appéars to modulation transformer to suit the have survived a barrage of corres- pondence, finds amateur radio quite METER MODULATION load- offered by the class C stage under the new conditions. The only full of friends, as well as other and when you speak into kick obtainable should be upwards people. His married daughter seri- the microphone the meter in the on peak modulations. Try it and ously ill, Jack mentioned about a cer- modulated class C stage should re- cut out side-band splatter and B.C.I. tain drug to a W2 in the New York main steady." The usual pious and area. The American had the stuff hopeful remark in many phone in the air on the way to Sydney articles. "Noglow." Amateurs who try out without being asked .• . . and then The frequent wobbling which does frequency modulation transmitters told Jack about it afterwards. That occur, particularly in the downward and have been accustomed to pea- is real co-operation and fine friend- direction, is excused by highly tech- lamp methods of checking A.M. out- ship, and "R. & TV" thinks, along nical remarks such as "We can't be put will need to consider the differ- with VK2JP, that W2PPS is a worried," "It always does that," ence. With A.M. output a pea-lamp, mighty good Scout. It was all ama- "A little movement doesn't matter." loop-coupled to the modulated out- teur radio at its best. That downward kick is caused by the put, will show increase and varia- non-linearity of the class C stage; tion of filament brilliance. With a on positive peaks of modulation the properly functioning F.M. transmit- current does not rise as much a-s it "Delay." Those who in a discord- ter, nothing happens visibly when falls on negative peaks. A phone ant minority air views that the hello-jug into the mike. The lamp transmitter is not a code adjusted "G8P0 is no good . . . I've tried it" stays at a constant degree of light. transmitter with a modulator con- should have a talk to friend Johnnie The reason? Elementary, my dear nected in. If excitation is sufficient, at OH2QM in Helsinki, Finland. He Watson. bias obtained from leak and fixed says that he never even heard an supply and modulation of suitable Australian, let alone work one . . . . power then the downward kick is due "STRUTH." Latest phonetic outburst. A until he put in one of Ironmonger's to the impedance of the final tank bloke said he was using an "X-Ray Sixty One pets. Then the whole picture changed. Michael" as a converter valve in his receiver. circuit being too low to permit the A.W. Valve Co. surely wouldn't recognise their His sig is often around the S9 plus class C stage to be linear. X6131 under such an appellation. mark now in Sydney, anyway. November. 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" 47 MARINE BCI EA-GOING Op Jim Wetherill, ex- G5UB, recently made some inter- esting observations on a problem of 'ships transmitter operation caus- ing BCI in the "Owner's" receiver. He says . . . . "Five wavetraps cover- ing the marine channels of 16, 12, 8, 6 and 500 Kc/s were connected in series with the antenna and a coup- ling coil used to the receiver chassis and earth. First step was to reduce the value of gridleak to the 6SQ7 2nd detector from 10 to 12 megohms, and to by-pass with a .001 mfd paper condenser the sides of the heater to chassis. Before these precautions complete blanketing of the receiver occurred when the receiver was used two decks below. With a changed gridleak value, etc., the receiver could be tuned to broadcast stations in the transmitter room and not be affected in any way by keying. Each section of the combined trap was • The 50 megacycle (6 metre) transmitter of VK2RU, Major Collett, of Gosford, N.S.W. tuned to resonance near the trans- mitter, with a bulb inserted as indi- cator. Tests on the receiver resulted "Hombre." It's easy to tell the "Gizmo." The uncertainty of tele- in the bulb lighting to full brilliance old CW hand of long standing from vision reception on the fringe of the on 16 Mc/s and the antenna was the recent product. Heard Ray service area can be annoying. Dur- then arranged until pick-up was re- Carter, VK2HC, sending the word ing a yarn with G3BK (March, Cam- duced, and no glow noticeable. No MUCH as: (M) dash dash; (U) dot bridgeshire, U.K.) on 20m phone, we interference was experienced on HF dot dash; (CH) dash dash dash dash, got to discussing TV. His location from the 450 watt output from the the latter part being the old Con- is 75 miles north of Alexandra transmitter, using 813's in parallel, tinental practice of four dashes for Palace, London, and 85 miles from and the receiving antenna for the "CH". the new Sutton Coldfield station in broadcast receiver was about 50 feet the Midlands. London TV is receiv- away." Jim makes a few remarks able with a dipole-reflector aerial in about operation thus, ". . . . the long the clear, but with occasional fading "Limey." One must be a really calling amateurs could easily take a periods. Doug. said that it is most keen amateur to hold sky-borne vigil tip from the commercials. Instead annoying to the family to be ab- of calling 3 calls de 3 calls plu's; in a "Lank" or a "Connie" for bumpy sorbed in a thrilling play when a many ships now call VIS VIS and the hours on end, and then plant the fade occurs. By the time the picture tootsies on terra firma and take up coast station replies with 'de.' The is back on the screen somebody amateur activities pronto. We know ship then breaks in with the call- might have been murdered and of one or two such, who at one sign. Russian Pacific stations seem buried in the interim. Extra-high- moment are thrashing the air over to like this procedure and sometimes gain beams with several elements Arabian deserts, or prodding around the coast 'station sends de three or are not the best for TV, either . . . . four times. Somehow the Russians the war surplus in Tottenham Court broad band acceptance is essential, seem to be always calling in the Road, and the next . . . . on the air otherwise there is obvious clipping. silence period and it is a great plea- from the home station. About the sure to say QRT or AS Joe!" most indefatigable lives at Wiley Park (N.S.W.), and he's known as Phil. We are all for instituting a course "Barber's Feline." The dangers of of training for the 'phone-amateurs- keeping the mike circuit open whilst who-have-nothing-to-say . . . and say running an amateur phone station it. As a matter of fact, we are all Settled in Australia, after a brief are real. Ran across a station on pepped up over the idea, and have spell in New Zealand—Ben Wallich, 20 one Sunday morn at which the as an object the training of at least well-known for many years in pre- Op's spouse was doing a spot of one amateur in each State who will war days as G6B W of Somerset, Eng- tongue-lashing in forceful terms . . . read us a story at that critical land. Another settler in the South- culminating in "have you got that moment between consciousness and ern Hemisphere is Dave Mitchell, damn thing there on the air?" peaceful slumber. Then we can go formerly GW6AA of Colwyn Bay, Whereupon the carrier was removed to bed with the headphones on. North Wales, and now heard on 20 suddenly. Be on the safe side OM, metre phone as ZL1MP. Judging and when she looms in the offing, A Radio Expert from Bristol by a Collins advertisement in a pull the Big switch. In error once swallowed a crystal. current issue of "CQ" (U.S.A.) Dave This caused oscillation, has obtained some ultra-modern gear So, in desperation, recently. He "earthed" himself—using a pistol. In recognition of valuable work done by amateurs in emergencies, "STAN." This business of quoting a time as being "Two Thousand" hours when what This magazine offers congratula- Florida State (U.S.A.) Senator Lloyd is really implied is "Twenty" hours and nil tions to Les Taylor, VK2CL, recently F. Boyle has made available call let- minutes. . . It arises from a tendency to appointed to the position of adver- ter registration plates for automo- accept in ihe mind something that LOOKS like something else. There are but 24 hours tising manager of a large Sydney bile owning W4's. Yes, he is an to the day, so there can't be thousands. business establishment. amateur himself. 48 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" November, 1949 • 7/93 L2 Push Pull 7193 Triode DRIVE OUTPUT Amplifier for C3 RI 2 Metres 7(93 sleeving of the hard walled variety RFC is handy for making such VHF HT + chokes. The neutralising condensers are made up from thin sheet metal, We have been asked for technical articles dealing with equipment for brass, aluminium, or even tin-plate, the amateur 144 Mc/s (2 metre) band, and present in reply this description with an area of about square inch. of a medium powered output stage for a transmitter, using the readily avail- The spacing between the plates will able type 7193 valves. Other similar ex-Service triodes can be applied, and average about 1/8 inch, but this must the types CV6 and 2C22 will be; equally suitable. be determined by experiment. Cor- rect neutralisation setting is obtained 7193 and similar valves are to be will give an output of 5 to 6 watts when rotation of the anode tank had from Capital City Disposals sup- with efficiency around 45 p.c. In condenser through resonance will pliers, such as Waltham (Melbourne) super-regenerative receivers the produce no change in grid current. and Paragon (Sydney) at the reason- valves are as effective as "acorns" It is a rather critical adjustment but able price of 7/6 each, and for the and similar valves at 200 Mc/s and can be effected with care, so that no 2 metre enthusiast, such valves are somewhat higher. movement at all will be noticed on a a particular attraction. Normally grid meter reading 0-10 Ma con- they find their way into long-line THE AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT nected in series with the grid leak oscillators and "squegger" receivers, The circuit diagram gives the ne- to earth. but a little consideration will show cessary electrical arrangement of a that they can be used for excellent push-pull output stage for a small DRIVER STAGE RF output purposes as cross-néutral- 2 metre transmitter, whereby two The stage to use ahead of this ised triode amplifiers. The valve types of the valves are put to good use. push-pull amplifier is a matter for mentioned all have similar struc- The various parts indicated are as the 2 metre user, but in practice it is ture, with two top caps, one for the follows: Cl and C2 20 mmfd found that a 6C4 triode will drive it grid, and the other for anode. Cath- split stator midget variable con- to 8 watts output, with driving power ode and heater connections are densers, C3, C4 and C5 are 500 of 1 watts. With a power supply of brought out to the usual pins on the mmfd mica condensers, NC are neu- 300 volts, the anode current taken International octal base. tralising condensers as referred to in by the 7193's and no load off re- the text, RFC . . . RF chokes as de- sonance is 65 Ma. With the amplifier scribed, R1 2500 ohms, R2 200 ohms, tuned to resonance the anode cur- VHF CHARACTERISTICS Li 3 turns 16 gauge copper wire rent drops to rather less than 25 ma, Some idea of the useful VHF fea- 5/8-inch diameter, spaced over inch, L2 L2 2turns 16 gauge copper and the efficiency is around 45 p.c. tures of the 7193 can be obtained by These results will depend largely studying the inter-electrode capacities. wire i-inch diameter, spaced over upon the use of variable condensers They are.. . Grid to Anode 3.6 mmfd; I-inch. The coils should preferably with good RF insulation material. Grid to Cathode 2.2 mmfd; Anode be silver-plated. Construction should The amplifier is one well worth con- to Cathode 0.7 mmfd. These figures be such that the lay-out favours the sideration by the VHF man who is indicate clearly that one can go ahead shortest possible leads; this being not fortunate enough to possess 832's and build up a low capacity high important from the viewpoint of or 829's, to say nothing of 8012's. efficiency output circuit around such efficiency, and heavy gauge wire 8 watts of controlled RF at 144 Mc/s valves. should be used for the connections to can produce a surprising signal level The efficiency can be high also tuned circuits. Adjustment of the in distant receivers in conjunction for the reason that these valve types coils detailed can be effected by with a good antenna array. have been used in Service applica- compressing or expanding them in tions around 200 Mc/s, but usually the usual way, but the inductance in a push-pull oscillator arrange- should be such that the tuned cir- "Blitzen." Heard a VK2 phone ment, with lecher lines for tuning cuits resonate with minimum capacity man ask another if he had "heard of grid, anode, and cathode circuits. of the tuning condensers. The two a new arrangement for receivers— Such self-excited oscillator assemblies RF chokes, for grid and anode cir- it consists of a rotary turret idea in- have been sold as a complete unit cuits, respectively, are made up of stead of a switch for band changing." for something in the vicinity of £3. 30 gauge insulated wire wound along It is said that there's nothing really The actual Service job the valves the length of a high value 1 watt new in the world—but coil turrets had to do in the set-up was that resistor, or of course, a short length go a long way back—almost to the of the variable sweep oscillator in of glass or other good insulation mediaeval. Now we await the "dis- IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) tubing will suffice. Some of the covery" of the variometer—or per- equipment. When used thus they inch outside diameter PVC insulation haps the billi-condenser? November. 1-949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 49 READER'S EXCHANGE AND MART Classified Small Trade Advertisements. Classified Small Private Advertisements. 5d. per word. Minimum charge 12/6d. No series discounts. Charge 21/2(1. per word. Single numerals, groups, and combina- Charges payable with order. tions of figures and letters count as one word. Replies to This section Is available to members of the radio (and other) advertisements can be addressed to a Box number c/o, this office. industry for the insertion of advertisements not normally com- In this case allow four words for Box address and remit 6d. prehensive enough for display in the advertising pages of this extra to cover cost of handling and postage of replies. Please journal. Only bona fide trade advertisements accepted. use block letters only. EX R.A.F. phone and CW Transmitter PRIVATE:- Type T1154 for sale. New and un- INDEX used, In steel case and with wooden SELL-( I) Weldon pickup containing transit case. Requires 6 volt LT sup- Garrard arm and motor; 3 records; TO ADVERTISERS ply and 1250 volts at 200 Ma. Two in nicely polished cabinet. Can be * * * PT15 valves in final stags. Complete attached to any broadcast receiver, Page with detailed official blue-print. new condition. £7/10/-. (2) 4 valve Aegis Mfg. Co., Melbourne .. 44 Accept £15. No offers. R.P., c/o "R TRF receiver, 2 volt batteryi valves; Airzone (1931) Pty. Ltd., Sydney 33 & TV News," Box 5177, Sydney B eliminator included, plug-in coils, Amalgamated Wireless A'sia Ltd. 25 G.P.O. but not "A" battery. Ideal for short Beard Watson & Co., Sydney .. 16 wave listeners, coils cover standard Bloch & Gerber Ltd., Sydney , . 31 short wave and amateur bands ot Brevil le Radio Pty. Ltd., Sydney 30 COUNTRY BATTERY SET users. That 20, 40, 80 metres and broadcast. A Dueon Condenser Ltd., Sydney .. 19 EMI Aust. Pty. Ltd., Sydney .. 29 replacement valve you need m ay be good bargain, only £6. (3) Ex-army His Master's Voice Radio, Sydney 51 here. Ali 2 volt types, 2 Nullard FSS transmitter-receiver, long dis- W. J. McLellan & Co., Sydney .. 33 PM202, 1 Kenrad 1B5, 1 Osram '.'P21, tance CW and medium telephony. Mollard Australia Pty. Ltd., 2 Phillips KF3 (P base), 1 Nullard Complete with Vesta battery, West- Ssdnev 2 PM1DG, 1 Osram B21, 2 RCA 199, inghouse charger, headphones and Philips Electrical Industries, 1 Nullard PM2DX, 1 COSSOr 220 B, vibrator power supply. Suit marine 10 1 RCA 32, 1 Mullard P3122, 1 Osram craft owner. £28. J. Duncan, RCS Radio Pty. Ltd., Sydney .. 41 QP 21 (double pentode), 2 Nullard (VK2AAD), 70 Dudley St., Coogee, Reg Cooke, Gerringong, N.S.W. 28 PM22A, 1 RCA 1M5G, 1 Nullard Sydney. FX4876. Reliance Radio, Sydney .. 6 PM2BA, 2 Kenrad 106, 6 Sylvania Rola Co. (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., 15 (2 v ind. heated SG valve). Price Melbourne 4 5/- each CWO. Box AR1, c/o "R & Technical Book & Magazine Co., TV." NOTE. Where a direct reply is re- Melbourne 45 quested to a Box Number advertisement, Trimax Transformers, Melbsurne 32 it is advisable for the enquirer to United Capacitor Co. Pty. Ltd., FOR SALE -English H.T. Transformer Sydney 23 include a stamped and addressed en- 2000-1500-0-1500-2000 volts at 500 Wentworth Hotel, Sydney .. .. 34 velope. This will be passed on to the milliamperes (never been used). Can advertiser concerned and will ensure Woman's Mirror, Sydney 52 be inspected by appointment. Perfect. prompt reply. £10/10/- (less than cost). Box 407, "R & TV News," P.O. Box 5177, Sydney. FOR SALE. A bargain for the DX Australian R A DI O man. Amateur band receiver with high efficiency coverage of 10, 15, 20, 40, and 80 metre bands by plug-in and TIFAL VISIO N Ne ws coil units. 1900 Ke/s IF channel with crystal filter. RF' stage uses EF50, Mixer/oscillator ECH35, Eeso 1st IF, EBF35 2nd IF, 6SQ7 det, S meter, Hammarlund type noise limiter SUBSCRIBER'S ORDER FORM with 6H6, and 6V6G audio output. Beat oscillator 2-terminal type with 6N7. This receiver is a real per- former on 10 and 20 for the DX To the Publishers, Ham. Provision for external power "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News," supply by cable connector. Sole rea- Box 5177, G.P.O., Sydney, N.S.W., Australia son for selling is surplus to needs. Price, not inclusive of HT unit, £26. Will supply a power unit at extra Please send me "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" cost if reetired. Enquiries to "Advertiser No. 43," Box 5177, every month for twelve months, for which I enclose remittance to the G.P.O., Sydney. value of POWER TRANSFOR MER 500-0-500 NAME volts at 500 Ma, 2.5 volts at 3A, 240v primary at 50-60 cps, £3. Have also Philips B and C eliminators for ADDRESS disposal, £2 each. No. "AR10," Box 5177, G.P.O., Sydney. (Please write in block letters) 26 VOLT filament transformer, suitable for heater supply to Command Series If remitting by cheque, please add exchange. of transmitters used for VFO. 6 I2/- Sterling to N.Z. and the British Empire in general, excluding Canada. amperes. 240v prim., 30/-. "Alt11," c/o "R & TV News," Box 5177, (A) 12 Post free to any address with in Australia. G.P.O., Sydney. Canada and U.S.A. 2 dollars. SUBSCRIPTION ORDERS MAY BE PLACED WITH YOUR LOCAL NEWSAGENT. SEVERAL TJX201A, IIV202 and simi- NOVEMBER, 1949 lar valves surplus. Can be used as low power rectifiers, etc. 2/- each to clear. J.B.M., c/o "R & TV News," 5177, G.P.O., Sydney. Australian RADIO and TELEVISIO N News" Nom ember, 1949 •••••• ▪ « fEoMà7' By Appointment Suppliers of Gramophones, Records, Radio and Television Apparatus to His Majesty the King. oyé, RADIO RECORDS - TELEVISION THE GRA M OPH O NE CO MPA NY LTD. (INCORPORATED IN ENGLAND) HO MEBUSH, N.S.W. Mo071 November, 1949 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News" 5 "Australian RADIO and TELEVISION News - November, 1949 A US T RALIAN WOMAN'S MIRROR IS THE FRIENDLY MAGAZINE Written wholly by its readers, it has an intimate, get-together manner as though one woman in her home talked things over with another in hers, with no professional adviser telling either what to do. ON SALE EVERY WEDNESDAY-PRICE 3D. CONTENTS (every issue) : Serial Novel, Short Story, Between Ourselves, Feature Articles (not fewer than eight), Knitting Design, Crochet Design, Needlecraft Design, Mothercraft Section, Service and Information, Kitchencraft and Readers' Tested Recipes, Patterns, Pictorial Adventure Page, Health and or Beauty Talk, Garden Section, Children's Section with Pictorial Strips, Household Hints, Smiles Column. REGULAR FEATURES: Vocations of Women, World Affairs, Women in History, Real-life Love Stone', Women in Australasian History, Soft Toys, Kiddie Quips, Printed Linens, Mainly About Men, Real-life Sketch. PUBLISHED BY THE BULLETIN NEWSPAPER CO. PTY., LTD. Wholly set up and printed In Australia by Jno. Evans & Son, Printing Co., 486-488 Kent St., Sydney