The Struggle of the Orders (Patricians Vs. Plebeians)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

THE STRUGGLE OF THE ORDERS (PATRICIANS VS. PLEBEIANS) The Struggle of the Orders, was a political struggle between the Plebeians (commoners) and Patricians (aristocrats) of the ancient Roman Republic lasting from 494 BC to 287 BC, in which the Plebeians sought political equality with the Patricians. It played a major role in the development of the Constitution of the Roman Republic. Shortly after the founding of the Republic, this conflict led to a secession from Rome by Plebeians to the Sacred Mount at a time of war.1 Scene 1 Articians x2 Plebeian X2 Narrators In494Bc, Rome is in war with three other Italic tribes. (Joey)A1:The enemy infantry is crossing the border, we have to stop them. (Mark)A2: Lets order our troops. At the same time among the soldiers, (Hal) P1: We refused to march unless we have equal rights in Rome. (Ivan)P2: We will build our own settlement in the Sacred Mount Back to the Partician officials Scene2 A1: Our troops are not following our orders!! They are leaving to Sacred Mount!! A2: What!! What happened to their mind? A1: The Plebeians based army asked for equal rights in rome. If we don respond to them, it may lead to a civil war!! Scene 3(After a series of laws were passed~~~) P1: Congratulation Ivan!!! you have eventually become an official in the Roman senate. P2: Thanks to the effort of our brothers, we finally have the same right as the Artician. The result of this first secession was the creation of the office of Plebeian Tribune, and with it the first acquisition of real power by the Plebeians. 1 "Conflict of the Orders Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." 2011. 12 Nov. 2015 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_of_the_Orders> .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Patricians and Plebeians Under Etruscan Rule the Patricians Create a Republic Between 616 and 509 B.C.E., the Over Time, the Etruscans Ruled Rome
Patricians and Plebeians under Etruscan Rule The Patricians Create a Republic Between 616 and 509 B.C.E., the Over time, the Etruscans ruled Rome. During this patricians began to time, Roman society was divided into resent Etruscan two classes, patricians and plebeians. rule. In 509 B.C.E., a group of patricians, Upper-class citizens, called led by Lucius Julius patricians, came from a small group Brutus, rebelled. of wealthy landowners. Patrician They drove out the comes from the Latin word pater, last Etruscan king. In which means “father”. The patricians place of a choose from among themselves the monarchy, they “fathers of the state”, the men who created a republic. advised the Etruscan king. Patricians In a republic, controlled the most valuable land. elected officials Patricians were the elite in They also held the important military govern for the Roman society and religious offices. Brutus denounced the Etruscan kings and was people. elected one of the first consuls in the new republic. Free non-patricians called plebeians were mostly peasants, laborers, craftspeople, and shopkeepers. To the patricians, “the people” meant themselves, not the plebeians. The word plebeian comes from plebs, The patricians put most of the power in the hands of the Senate. The which means ”the common people”. Senate was a group of 300 patricians elected by patricians. The Plebeians made up about 95 percent of senators served for life. They also appointed other government Rome’s population. They could not be officials and served as judges. priests or government officials. They had little voice in the government.
[Show full text]
The Roman Republic S
P1: IML/SPH P2: IML/SPH QC: IML/SPH T1: IML CB598-FM CB598-Flower-v3 August 26, 2003 18:47 The Cambridge Companion to THE ROMAN REPUBLIC S Edited by Harriet I. Flower Princeton University iii P1: IML/SPH P2: IML/SPH QC: IML/SPH T1: IML CB598-FM CB598-Flower-v3 August 26, 2003 18:47 published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom cambridge university press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru,UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, ny 10011-4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, vic 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon´ 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press 2004 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2004 Printed in the United States of America Typeface Bembo 11/13 pt. System LATEX 2ε [tb] A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic / edited by Harriet I. Flower. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 0-521-80794-8 – isbn 0-521-00390-3 (pb.) 1. Rome – History – Republic, 510–30 b.c. I. Flower, Harriet I. dg235.c36 2003 937.02 – dc21 2003048572 isbn 0 521 80794 8 hardback isbn 0 521 00390 3 paperback iv P1: IML/SPH P2: IML/SPH QC: IML/SPH T1: IML CB598-FM CB598-Flower-v3 August 26, 2003 18:47 Contents S List of Illustrations and Maps page vii List of Contributors ix Preface xv Introduction 1 HARRIET I.
[Show full text]
Beard's SPQR. a History of Ancient
Beard’s SPQR. A History of Ancient Rome as Background Reading in Classical Latin Courses. A Teaching Proposal by Tamara Lobato Beneyto The Cambridge scholar provides an formulated by the present author and Introduction. Rationale, scope, analysis and discussion of primary aimed at furthering a reflection on and a and structure sources, and re-examines the significance discussion of the book’s contents among and consequences of the main historical students. This document was originally Contextual or background knowledge events and processes during such elaborated for undergraduates completing performs an important function in centuries. She starts by focusing on the ab initio and intermediate courses in second language learning and reading events of 63 BCE (first chapter), and then Classical Latin as part of degree comprehension, as a number of proceeds to discuss previous periods in programmes other than Classics (mainly theoretical and empirical studies have Roman History. In the sixth chapter, History), but it may be likewise useful for shown (see, for instance, P. L. Carrell, Beard resumes the account of events of students in other educational settings, 1983, 1982).1 To the extent that the already mentioned year, and continues such as the pre-university stage and Ancient Greek and Latin are verbal thereon with the rest of the historical continuous education. codes too, they constitute no exception account in linear chronological order. The headings in the first section, to the aforementioned principle. With a most engaging narrative style,she entitled On the chapter contents, are phrased Indeed, contextual knowledge is implicitly introduces non-specialist in a similar way as essay questions.
[Show full text]
Ms. Dickerson Work from Home Packet #1 Hello Students! I KNOW You Are Excited to Receive This Packet of Schoolwork
Social Studies - Grade 7 - Ms. Dickerson Work from Home Packet #1 Hello students! I KNOW you are excited to receive this packet of schoolwork. J But since we aren’t sure how long this is going to last, and we don’t want you (or me) to have to go to school all summer, we are using these packets to keep the learning going while we are unable to come to school in person. I plan to keep the format very similar to what we would have done in class. This packet is intended to cover two weeks’ worth of work; so, take your time and do it well. *YOU ARE NOT EXPECTED TO MAIL THIS WORK BACK... YOU JUST NEED TO KEEP AHOLD OF IT. • We’ll start with a TEST over material you already learned at school -Chapter 14: The Roman Republic. • Next, we have a STUDY GUIDE to introduce NEW material. As always, the answers can be figured out just by reading and using the context of the sentences OR they are things you’ve learned already this year. It WON’T be necessary to use a textbook or the internet to complete the study guide. Most of you normally get these done in one class period and then we go over them... which we won’t be able to do. SO, you are going to have to really try your best to do it ACCURATELY & then RE-READ it a few times to make sure you understand it. • I’ve also included two additional WORKSHEETs (SPQR & Roman Legions) to ADD to what you learn in the study guide.
[Show full text]
Unit 13 the Roman Empire
UNIT 13 THE ROMAN EMPIRE Structure 13.1 Introduction 13.2 The Roman Expansion 13.2.1 The First Phase 13.2.2 The Second Phase 13.3 Political Structure and Society 13.3.1 Social Orders and the Senate 13.3.2 Officials of the Republic 13.3.3 Struggle Between Patricians and Plebeians 13.3.4 The Assembly 13.3.5 Conflict of the Orders 13.3.6 Social Differentiation in Plebeians 13.4 Conflicts and Expansion 13.4.1 Professional Army and War Lords 13.4.2 Wars for Expansion 13.4.3 Struggle of War Lords with the Senate 13.5 Slavery 13.6 Summary 13.7 Exercises 13.1 INTRODUCTION You have read in Unit 12 that Alexander the Great created a vast, but shortlived empire, which was partitioned soon after his death. Following the end of the Persian empire, and with the disruption of the unity of Alexander’s Macedonian empire, a new political entity rose to prominence in the Mediterranean region. This was the Roman empire which became the largest and most enduring empire in antiquity. The nucleus of the empire lay in Italy and subsequently it encompassed the entire Mediterranean world. Roman expansion into the Mediterranean began soon after the break-up of the Macedonian empire. By this time the city of Rome in Italy had succeeded in bringing almost the entire Italian peninsula under its control. Rome was among the many settlements of Latin-speaking people in Italy. Latin forms part of the broad Indo-European group of languages. In the period after c.
[Show full text]
Fear, Anger, and Hatred in Livy's Account of the Struggle of the Orders DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the R
Fear, Anger, and Hatred in Livy’s Account of the Struggle of the Orders DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Henry S. Blume Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2017 Dissertation Committee: William Batstone, Advisor Dana Munteanu Nathan S. Rosenstein Copyrighted by Henry Storm Blume 2017 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the way in which emotions affect the course of Roman politics in the first six books of Livy’s account of the history of Rome. The expulsion of Tarquinius Superbus, the last king of Rome, and the transition to the Republic fundamentally transformed the relationship between the two orders of Rome, the patricians and the plebeians. For the first time, the two orders existed without a ruler and mediator; in other words, the shape of the Republic compelled two different societal classes, whose interests often did not align, to work together for the common safety and prosperity of the city and its citizens. In the years that followed the death of Tarquinius Superbus, the two orders engaged in a struggle over libertas, “freedom,” and dignitas, “prestige,” with the plebeians striving to gain a greater amount of freedom and the patricians endeavoring to preserve their privlige. Historiographical analyses of the books of Livy that cover the so-called Struggle of the Orders (494 B.C. to 367 B.C.) primarily focus on exemplarity, the character of particular individuals, or abstract concepts such as libertas, dignitas, virtus, etc. These forms of analysis are all valid, and, indeed, find support in Livy’s own directives for reading his history.
[Show full text]
The Belly and the Limbs: Reconsidering the Idea of a Plebeian “State Within the State” in the Early Roman Republic DISSERTAT
The Belly and the Limbs: Reconsidering the Idea of a Plebeian “State Within the State” in the Early Roman Republic DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Gregory George Pellam, Jr. Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2012 Dissertation Committee: Professor Nathan Rosenstein, Advisor Professor Greg Anderson Professor Kristina Sessa Copyright by Gregory George Pellam, Jr. 2012 Abstract This dissertation offers a reevaluation of a long-standing model for the early history of the Roman Republic. Modern scholars have generally believed that the Roman plebs in the first two centuries of the Republic (roughly the fifth and fourth centuries B.C.) was essentially a revolutionary political organization, dedicated to increasing the rights and opportunities of plebeians and overthrowing the patrician monopoly over political, social, religious, and economic power. According to this model, a series of institutions which were dominated by patrician authority (the consulship, the senate, the centuriate assembly) represented the state, and the plebeian organization created its own institutions to mirror these (the tribunes and aediles of the plebs, and a plebeian tribal assembly). Further, the plebs established for itself an administrative center for its political activities on the Aventine hill. They even created their own cult center in the temple of Ceres, Liber, and Libera, to mirror the “state” cult of Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva on the Capitoline. This plebeian organization is often referred to in modern scholarship as a “state within the state”. It is shown, however, that the evidence for the plebeian “state within the state” does not stand careful scrutiny.
[Show full text]
Ch 14: Rome Becomes a Republic
World Studies from 750 B.C. to 1600 A.D Name_________________________________________________________ SS1 SS2 SS3 Date ______________________________________ The Roman Republic Ch 14: Rome Becomes a Republic Label each of the blank lines on the triangle with the correct part of Roman government it represents. ________ 2. Which of the following positions in the Roman Republic had the longest term? a) senators b) dictator c) censor d) consul ________ 3. What was the “Conflict of the Orders?” a) a struggle in which the Etruscan ruler of Rome was overthrown b) a disagreement between two Roman generals about orders given to attack/withdrawal c) a battle between the Roman Republic and its neighboring nations d) a struggle for power by the plebeians against the patricians 4. Which TWO of the following accurately describe differences between the Roman legislative body and the legislative body we have in the US? The US legislative branch does not make laws; the Roman legislative branch did make laws. Our Congress are elected; theirs were appointed by the consuls. Ours serve short terms (between 2-6 years); Roman senators served for life. Roman senators were known to accept bribes and political favors; US senators are always honest. Every Roman citizen was part of the senate; in the US, only certain people are chosen. ________ 5. What is the name of a form of government in which citizens are elected to represent other citizens? a) a monarchy c) a republic b) an autocracy d) a theocracy ________ 6. Which of the following is NOT true about the Law of the Twelve Tables? a) They were the formal constitution, designed when the Etruscan king was overthrown.
[Show full text]
THE EVOLUTION of the ROMAN REPUBLIC Directions: Read the Text
Name: __________________________________ Class/Period: __________ Date: __________________ THE EVOLUTION OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Directions: Read the text. Then, in complete sentences, answer the review questions that follow. As we know from the myth of Romulus and Remus, the original community of Rome was founded in 753 BCE. In the late 600’s BCE, Romans were ruled by the Etruscans. The Etruscans were the people who lived north of Rome in central Italy. These northern Italians were highly skilled artisans who knew how to pave roads, drain marshes, and construct sewers. They were also under the control of a monarch. In 509 BCE wealthy Roman landowners overthrew the Etruscan king and vowed never to be ruled by a monarch again. In place of the monarchy, the Romans established a res publica (Latin for “that which belongs to the people”). In this form of government, which today we call a republic, voters elect officials to run the state. In the Roman Republic, only adult male citizens were entitled to vote and to take part in government. Three important groups of citizens helped govern the republic: the Senate, the magistrates, and the assemblies. Senate The Senate was the most influential and powerful of the three governing bodies because it controlled public funds and decided foreign policy. Sometimes the Senate also acted as a court. In time of emergency, the senators could propose that a citizen be named dictator, or absolute ruler. A dictator could rule for up to six months. During that period, he had complete command over the army and the courts.
[Show full text]
From 390 BC to Sentinum: Political and Ideological Aspects
Trim Size: 170mm x 244mm Mineo c26.tex V3 - 05/25/2015 12:01pm Page 342 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by univOAK CHAPTER 26 From 390 BC to Sentinum: Political and Ideological Aspects Michel Humm The period between the capture of Rome by the Gauls, in 390 BC according to the Livian 1 chronology, and the battle of Sentinum, in 295 BC, is marked by the political and urban renewal of Rome following its destruction by the Gauls (Liv. 6.1.3), the beginnings of the empire’s expansion in central and southern Italy (first in Latium and Etruria, then in Campania, Samnium, Apulia, and Lucania), the establishment of the institutional frame- work of the traditional “classical” republic, the gradual end of the old patricio-plebeian conflict, and the political and social assertion of a new ruling class, the “patricio-plebeian “nobility.” This long century of history began, then, with a heavy military defeat, the dra- matic and humiliating aspects of which were emphasized by the story of the destruction of the city in the “Gallic fire” (5.41.10–43.4),2 and by the alleged necessity there would have been to pay tribute to the conquering Gauls to persuade them to lift the siege on the Capitol (5.48.8–9).3 The century closed, in contrast, with a great military victory against a massive coalition of Samnites, Etruscans, Umbrians, and Gauls (10.27.1–30.7), which echoed widely even unto the Hellenistic world because it thenceforth secured Rome’s hegemony over Italy as far as the gates of Magna Graecia, which, moreover, was itself soon to fall under Rome’s domination.
[Show full text]
Social Struggles of Early Rome 753-121 B.C.E. Philip John Porta a Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Salisbury Univers
Social Struggles of Early Rome 753-121 B.C.E. Philip John Porta A Thesis Submitted to The Graduate Faculty of Salisbury University In Partial Fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts Salisbury, Maryland February, 2016 Philip JohnPorta This project for the M.A. degree in History has been approved forthe HistoryDepartment by Theses Director Department Chair 2/29/16 Abstract This thesis is a short history of the social struggles of the Roman nation from the beginning of the Monarchy until the times of Julius Caesar in the late Republic. Some of the topics enclosed concern with the establishment of the Republic after the Monarchy, the creation and explanation of the offices of the Republic, the process of the Conflict of the orders, the class conflict between the patricians and the plebeians, and the creation of the Roman constitution. Other topics look at the expansion of Rome across the Mediterranean world through conquest during the Italian, Punic, Macedonian, and Seleucid Wars and how these events shaped the Roman government and social relations between the patricians and plebeians, as well as how the two classes came together during these times of crisis. The latter part of the paper deals with the rise of the Gracchi and the Roman Revolution, and how these events shaped the late Republic and allowed the rise of political figures such as Sulla, Marius, and Caesar. The conclusion finishes with the wrap up of the paper, as well as giving the reader a few small glimpses into the events after the Gracchan revolution. Introduction Rome: the name of this ancient civilizations city inspires thoughts of grandeur, imperial might, military conquest, and tales of tragedy.
[Show full text]
Lex Licinia Sextia
Lex Licinia Sextia For other Licinian laws, see Licinia (disambiguation). diers engaged in the siege of Velitrae, the voting on the bills had to be postponed. Gaius Licinius and Lucius Sex- tius proposed a fourth bill regarding the sacred Sibylline The Lex Licinia Sextia, also known as the Licinian Ro- [1] gations, was a series of laws proposed by the tribunes of Books. the plebs, Lucius Sextius Lateranus and Gaius Licinius In 368 BC the Roman troops came back from Velitrae. Stolo. These laws provided for a limit on the interest rate As the controversy dragged and given that with the return of loans and a restriction on private ownership of land. of the troops voting could be carried out, the patrician A third law, which provided for one of the two consuls senate appointed Marcus Furius Camillus as dictator (a to be a plebeian, was rejected. Two of these laws were head of state with extraordinary powers appointed for a passed in 368 BC, after the two proponents had been term of six months at times of crisis), who strongly op- elected and re-elected tribunes for nine consecutive years posed the bills and threatened the use of violence. How- and had successfully prevented the election of patrician ever, he had to resign for unclear reasons. The plebeian magistrates for ﬁve years (375-370 BC). In 367 BC, dur- tribunes put the bills to the vote of the Plebeian Coun- ing their tenth tribunate, this law was passed. In the same cil (the assembly of the plebeians). The bills on land and year they also proposed a fourth law regarding the priests debt were passed, but the one on plebeian consuls was who were the custodians of the sacred Sibylline Books.
[Show full text]