FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER 31621 23rd Ave S., Federal Way, WA 98003

4,655 Average weekday boardings 1,190 Parking spaces • Owned by • Served by Sound Transit, , and The Federal Way Transit Center is located just west of I-5 and just east of SR 99 in what is considered the City Center of Federal Way. The Federal Way Transit Center is served by eight King County Metro routes (including the RapidRide A Line), three Pierce Transit routes, and three bus routes. The Federal Way Transit Center sits on the northern boundary of the PSRC- designated regional growth center.

The Federal Way Transit Center has 1,190 parking spaces, which are typically fully utilized by 7:30 am.

Figure 1: 3-Mile Context Map

TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER 1 Figure 2 provides a closer look at the area surrounding the Federal Way Transit Center. There are large parcels primarily made up of retail shopping surrounded by large surface parking lots. The superblock structure limits through connections and makes traveling on foot difficult. The Transit Center’s bus bays are located on the interior segment of a large parcel further removing it from the street network.

The City of Federal Way owns several pieces of land in the vicinity of the Federal Way Transit Center with ambitious development plans (described on the following page). In addition, light rail will eventually extend to the Federal Way Transit Center.

Figure 2: Half-Mile Context Map

2 FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT LAND USE, POPULATION, AND EMPLOYMENT

The area in the immediate vicinity of the Federal Way Transit Center is primarily made up of commercial land uses, with some multi-family housing just to the north and a small amount of single-family housing on the edges of Figure 3 below. Much of the area shown in Figures 3 and 4 make up Federal Way’s PSRC- designated regional growth center and, as such, a significant amount of population and employment growth is expected between now and 2040.

Current Population: 1,980 2040 Population: 5,580 (+182%) Current Employment: 4,310 2040 Employment:10,000 (+132%)

Figure 3: Existing Land Use Figure 4: Future Land Use

The Federal Way Transit Center is part of the City’s plans for the Federal Way Town Center, an ambitious 21 acre project featuring civic amenities like Town Square Park (just east of the Transit Center), the Performing Arts and Events Center, a hotel, and potential for other mixed-use development.

Figure 5: Rendering of Federal Way Town Center

TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER 3 ROADWAY CHARACTERISTICS Figure 6 shows the traffic volumes, posted speeds, and bicycle facilities in the area surrounding the Federal Way Transit Center. I-5 and SR 99 are the obvious north-south corridors with S 320th Street the primary east-west corridor and access point to I-5. There are also a number of auto-oriented retail and commercial establishments along S 320th Street that generate vehicle traffic in the corridor. Figure 6 also demonstrates the superblock structure near the Federal Way Transit Center as well as the discontinuous nature of the existing bicycle facilities.

Figure 6: Roadway Characteristics

4 FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT NONMOTORIZED CONNECTIVITY The urban form and roadway characteristics described on the previous pages have significant impacts on the nonmotorized environment around the Federal Way Transit Center. Utilizing the Nonmotorized Connectivity Tool developed by King County Metro and Sound Transit allows for a more precise analysis of the challenges for accessing the Federal Way Transit Center using nonmotorized modes.

Figure 7 shows a 15-minute walkshed from the Federal Way Transit Center. The large size of the blocks limit the number of paths a pedestrian has and shortens the distance they can travel. I-5 also acts as a significant barrier to the east with the only option being S 320th Street, which swells to seven lanes just west of I-5, making for an unpleasant pedestrian experience.

Figure 7: 15-Minute Walkshed

Figure 8 shows a 15-minute bikeshed from the Federal Way Transit Center and gives an even clearer demonstration of the barrier I-5 creates to points east. And while bicyclists can reach more points to the north, south, and west of the Federal Way Transit Center, there aren’t many bicycle facilities available to them, save for the BPA Trail to the southwest.

Figure 8: 15-Minute Bikeshed

TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER 5 Figure 9 shows the existing nonmotorized connectivity using the Nonmotorized Connectivity Tool. Points east of I-5 appear poor because of the lack of through connections. Areas along SR 99 also have poor nonmotorized connectivity largely due to the lack of signalized crossings.

Figure 9: Current Nonmotorized Connectivity Index Figure 10 shows the projects that were analyzed using the Nonmotorized Connectivity Tool. The most notable projects in the vicinity of the Federal Way Transit Center are several new streets meant to break up the existing superblock structure as well as new signalized crossings of SR 99.

Figure 10: Analyzed Future Projects

The effect of these projects is evident in Figure 11, which shows the nonmotorized connectivity were these projects to be constructed. There is much improved connectivity to points west of SR 99 due to the new streets and signalized crossings.

Figure 11: Future Nonmotorized Connectivity Index

6 FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER USER SURVEY DATA

As part of a research study funded by the Washington State Department of Transportation into the travel behavior of park and ride users in the region, users of the Federal Way Transit Center were asked several questions about how they currently utilize the facility. A total of 283 Federal Way Transit Center users completed this survey, key findings of which are presented below. It should be noted that these surveys targeted users in the AM peak.

Of those surveyed, respondents Table 6. Park and ride usage frequency summary statistics stated that they use Federal Way Transit Center more than four days per week.

77% of users surveyed drive Question 9: “How did you get to this park and ride this morning?” alone to reach Federal Way Transit Center, compared to only 5% who take the bus.

Figure 12: User Behavior at Federal Way Transit Center

TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER 7 TRANSIT SERVICE

Service Peak Off-Peak Travel On-Time Average Weekday Route Destinations Served Period Headway Headway Time Performance Ridership Highline College; SeaTac International RapidRide A All-day 10 10 31 82% 10,100 Airport KCM 179 AM Peak 30 - 30 46% 700 KCM 181 All-day 30 30 36 65% 2,400 Auburn; Green River Community College KCM 183 All-day 30 60 35 91% 700 Kent KCM 182 All-day 30 60 31 77% 500 Northeast Tacoma KCM 187 All-day 30 60 19 - 500 Twin Lakes KCM 193 AM Peak 30 - 52 34% 600 First Hill KCM 197 AM Peak 30 - 53 19% 800 University District PT 402 All-day 60 60 45 55% 942 Meridian; Puyallup; South Hill PT 500 All-day 60 60 36 55% 1,044 Downtown Tacoma PT 501 All-day 60 60 55 55% 556 Downtown Tacoma; Fife; Milton ST 574 All-day 30 30 15/32 55% 2,397 Tacoma Dome; SeaTac International Airport ST 577 AM Peak 15 - 35 45% 1,623 Downtown Seattle ST 578 All-day * 30 37 84% 1,817 Downtown Seattle The Federal Way Transit Center is served by eight King County Metro Figure 13: Transit Travelshed routes (including the RapidRide A Line), three Pierce Transit routes, and three Sound Transit Express bus routes. Figure 13 shows the distance a rider can travel in an hour from the Federal Way Transit Center in the AM peak and includes much of South King County, Tacoma, and downtown Seattle. 1200 Overnight Figure 14 shows boardings at 1100 Late 4% Evening 1000 8% Federal Way Transit Center 900 AM Peak 37% by route and time of day and PM Peak Total Avg. Daily 800 22% Boardings: 4,655 indicates there is all-day demand 700 600 for transit service, with more

500 Midday than half the boardings occurring 29% 400 Overnight in the mid-day and PM peak 300 Late Evening periods. 200 PM Peak 100 Midday 0 AM Peak

Figure 14: Daily Boardings by Route and Time of Day

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 0 100 200 300 400

346 ST 577 842 RapidRide A 298 173 RapidRide A 191 KCM 181 153 KCM 179 114 336 ST 578 102 ST 574 112 140 ST 574 79 KCM 197 109 59 KCM 182 69 KCM 193 98 43 KCM 187 67 KCM 181 62 79 Midday KCM 183 59 KCM 183 56 PM Peak 88 PT 500 51 PT 500 40 PT 501 31 PT 501 27 45 PT 402 38 KCM 182 22 35 4 PT 402 21 KCM 197 20 0 KCM 187 12 KCM 179 20 1 ST 578 10 ST 577 9 Figure 15: Boardings in AM Peak Period Figure 16: Boardings in Mid-day and PM Peak Period Figures 15 and 16 show boardings during the AM peak and mid-day and PM peak periods, respectively. While AM peak boardings are overwhelming on Sound Transit route 577 and other peak period routes, mid-day and PM peak boardings are led by RapidRide A and are more evenly spread among a number of routes serving several distinct destinations.

8 FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT PARKING CHARACTERISTICS Figure 17 shows the total capacity and utilization rate of the Fed- eral Way Transit Center as well as the Federal Way Center Plaza (a leased surface lot directly adjacent to the Transit Center) and the Federal Way/S 320th Street Park and Ride (a permanent park and 30 Vanpools using Federal ride approximately ½-mile south of the Transit Center). It is clear Way Transit Center that demand favors Federal Way Transit Center over the Federal Way/S 320th Street Park and Ride, which is served by three peak 7.27 Average vanpool oc- period King County Metro routes, one of which also serves Federal cupancy Way Transit Center.

In addition to fixed route transit 160% 146% users, 30 vanpool groups (with 140% 130% Federal Way Transit Center 120% an average occupancy of 7.27 99% 100% 99% 98% (1,190 spaces) 92% 97% riders) use Federal Way Transit 100% 85% 80% Center Plaza (56 spaces, Center as a meet-up location, 59% 0.1 mile away from Federal 48% 60% 41% 45% 41% 41% Way TC) though it’s uncertain how many 35% 40% ! Federal Way/S 320th St S 128TH ST S ! ! M 3RD T BURI!EN 6 N NE 4 Federal Way Transit Center LicenI se Plate(877 S spaces,urve 0.6y mile awayTH ST L 8 S T

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TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER 9 FINDINGS

In consultation with City of Federal Way staff and the Transit Access Working Group that oversaw and provided guidance on this Transit Access Assessment, the following findings—organized by Urban Form, Transit Service, and Parking—were reached regarding transit access at the Federal Way Transit Center.

Urban Form • Development patterns and road geometry are not currently conducive to walking and biking • Certain projects present an opportunity to improve nonmotorized access • Capacity and plans for growth, but questions about the market and timing • Future light rail station area in medium term

Transit Service • Major origin for AM peak service to downtown Seattle • Transit demand exists throughout the day • Key transfer site between service providers • Facility ownership likely not obvious given number of routes and ridership breakdown

Parking • Lot filled by 7:45 am (per WSDOT data) • The only full park and ride lot in Federal Way • Vanpool users could occupy up to 15% of available spaces • Market for parking spaces seems relatively stable

Figure 19: Federal Way Transit Center

10 FEDERAL WAY TRANSIT CENTER TRANSIT ACCESS ASSESSMENT: DRAFT