Willa Cather Pioneer Memorial Newsletter VOLUME XXX, No
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Copyright © 1986 by the Willa Cather Pioneer Memorial and Educational Foundation ISSN 0197-663X Spring, 1986 Literary Issue Willa Cather Pioneer Memorial Newsletter VOLUME XXX, No. 2 Editor, Mildred R. Bennett RED CLOUD, NEBRASKA Tracing Willa Cather’s Nebraska Willa Cather was an intellectual herself, with the highest standards; Red Cloud Preserves Her Memory -- By A. L. Rowse but she knew the raw facts of life Few Americans seem to realize need saying that, in my wew, Willa as well as any. Her books have what a treasure they have in Red Cather gives a truer picture of poetic sentiment, but no senti- Cloud, a veritable little ville mus~e. Americans and American life than mentality; there is even a vein of How many people know where it is, all the muckrakers of modern fic- iron beneath the poetry. She knew or have ever been there? tion. A picture of the true-hearted, the harshness and hardness of And yet, as Mildred R. E~ennett old and rooted country life of Amer- pioneering life on the unlicked tells us in her excellent book, The ica where you can still leave prairie, the poverty and almost World of Willa Cather: "Red Cloud, your house door unlocked and rely unbearable strain; but also the Nebraska, has probably been de- on your neighbors. This is the bravery and stoicism in that first scribed more often in literature America the outside world knows generation of pioneers who lived in than any other village its size." I little of ~ and would have a better the hutments -- the shelters they think we should say "small town" appreciation and understanding of, constructed out of the sod -- as rather. The marvelous thing about if it did: for one thing the sheer the first menfolk of her family there it is that it has preserved itself generosity of American life, and did. utterly unspoiled, hardly changed the decency you wouldn’t suspect Red Cloud is named for an Indi- since the early days of about 100 from the sensation-mongers and an chief in what was Pawnee coun- years ago. For that we must be many best-sellers, and even intel- try. It began as a pioneering settle- grateful to the public spirit, the lectuals, today. (Continued Next Page) local pride of its townspeople in their great writer b and, yes, to their artistic conscience, in a world Humorous Criticism of Cather’s Work that sees all too much destruction going on around us. By Marilyn Arnold Here is a place with the charm Most students and scholars who particularly purple. Although Work unbroken, the spell still upon it that follow current critical commentary feels that Cather overuses purple, first drew me to it more than 20 on the work of Willa Cather are he grants that she is not the only years ago. Several people have familiar with James Work’s tongue- western writer to do so, and he asked me, slightly puzzled, why I in-cheek approach to The Profes- cites such western titles as am so keen on Nebraska; and I sor’s House published in the "Grey’s Riders of the Purple Sage, remember even Johnny Carson at Winter of 1984 issue of Western Manfred’s Purple Riders of Judg- Burbank being taken aback by an American Literature. They might ment, Frank Norris’ The Octopur- Englishman knowing who a "corn- not know, however, that at least pie, and Waters’ Purple of the husker" is. (He was one himself b two other writers, both contempor- Valley" to illustrate his point. He and anyway I love these relics of aries of Cather, also employed adds, "1 hardly need mention The old American folklore in almost humor in arguing their positions. Grapes of Wrath." Work chides tribal names, a Georgia "nut- While Work satirizes Cather’s pre- Cather mercilessly for her careless cracker," North Carolina "tar- disposition toward allusion and and excessive use of allusion, but heel," Indiana "whosier," if that is symbolism, and at the same time he is best when he concludes his how it is spelt.) presents a spoof on academic writ- article with two trumped up, won- Red Cloud appears, under differ- ing in general, his predecessors derfully abstruse "quotations" and ent names, in several of Willa Ca- are less sophisticated and more attributes them to two of his col- ther’s novels -- in My ~ntonia, A broadly humorous and folksy in leagues. The footnote for the first Lost Lady, Lucy Gayheart and The their approaches. bit of undecipherable academese Song of the Lark m and in various Work’s article, nevertheless, reports that the quotation is from short stories. It should not need covers a broad spectrum of humor, an article by Richard Etulain titled saying that she was one of the fin- from the clever to the downright "Why John Milton Never Published est of American writers, and that corny. The latter is apparent, for Our Conversations." (Milton has most of her books are to be re- example, when Work discusses published a number of "Conversa- garded as classics. But it does Cather’s symbolic use of color, (Continued on Page 8) Page 5 ment alongside the Republican about, that are alive in literature, kitchen ~ where their maid- River, about 120 miles southwest brought alive by genius, I should servant lived, whom they brought from Lincoln, capital of the state, love to have penetrated it, savored with them from Virginia. right down on the border with Kan- its atmosphere. For we must remember that sas. The border here is made by Willa was Virginia-born, of good old the Great Divide one looks up to In those days one could not stock that had been in Virginia for from the little town, between the enter what had been the Cather five or six generations. She came streams on their way to the River home from 1884 to 1904. It was to Nebraska with the family at the Platte, famous route of the Oregon still a private house, visitors not age of 9: it was those impression- Trail. welcome. It was, and is, a pretty able years of growing up that Willa Cather’s work always had house on the corner of Third and entered into the lifeblood of her a devoted following in England, Cedar Streets; I viewed it hopefully imagination. Only one of her though her cultural sympathies in vain, recalling its memories a novels, her last, Sapphira and the were markedly French. (These in- little sadly. Willa herself describes Slave Girl (1940), is about Virginia. spired her historical novel about it in an early novel, The Song of the Lark’. "They turned into another All her life she was in love with Quebec, Shadows on the Rock.) So Nebraska, and today we can see when an invitation came my way to street and saw before them lighted windows, a low story-and-a-half the house and home, the un- lecture at the University of Nebras- changed townscape and unspoiled ka at Lincoln, I accepted with alac- house, with a wing built on at the right and a kitchen addition at the countryside, where her dreams rity, with the hope of getting to Red took shape and have become an Cloud. I mean no disrespect to Lin- back, everything a little on the slant B roofs, windows, and abiding bequest of the grown coln, which is a well-designed, woman to our literature. well-laid-out capital city -- it is doors." And somewhere in a story wonderful what the two genera- she describes how the snow would Her little attic bedroom, where tions since Willa’s early years at sift in between the chinks of the she dreamed her dreams -- to be the university there have accom- roof of her attic bedroom in those so richly fulfilled ~ still has the long Nebraska winters. wallpaper of small red and brown plished on the bare prairie, parks roses she put up. And the veranda and waters, avenues of trees Frustrated as I was on my first is where she read and read, pulling planted and grown up. visit, I was yet lucky in meeting the shade to, for she always had an But Red Cloud was my mecca Mildred R. Bennett, the woman instinct for privacy, would never -- nearly a quarter of a century who has made it her life’s mission allow her books to be filmed, and ago, on my first visit B and I was to transform all this and to pre- had all her letters destroyed. not disappointed. I saw it all in the serve Red Cloud as the ville tousle Another contrast with writers light of that writer’s imagination, it is. I will confess that Ithen did today, too much of whose private the spell this girl of genius who had not believe that it was possible to affairs are washed in public. It was grown up there laid upon it .-- just achieve what she has subsequent- the Duke of Wellington who com- as Thomas Hardy laid his spell ly accomplished. Wait till I tell you plained that he had been "much upon Dorchester, or Nathaniel what her devotion and drive, her exposed to authors;" well, Willa Hawthorne upon Salem. scholarship and imagination, have wasn’t one for exposing her per- brought about. All she could show sonal life. I stood on the Indian mound me those years ago were a few above the Republican River, and stray objects and trinkets of Willa All the same, for myself I should looked across where formerly a Cather’s which she had collected, like to see her novels and stories house stood isolated among its and one could not even enter the on television or film, or on the trees, rather grander than the Cather home.