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Page 2 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 3 Fourth World Review PO Box 2410 Swindon 4WR SN5 4XN Fourth World Review Issue 153 Winter 2011 Tel: 01793 772214 New Web-Site coming soon!

FOR SMALL NATIONS Joint Editors: SMALL COMMUNITIES Wayne John Sturgeon and Graham Williamson SMALL FARMS SMALL SHOPS Founder, former Editor and Editorial Board Member: SMALL INDUSTRIES John Papworth SMALL BANKS

SMALL FISHERIES Secretary: Editorial & THE INALIENABLE Stella Grimes SOVEREIGNTY OF THE The Way Forward … HUMAN SPIRIT In this issue: IF YOU THINK everything is wonderful if only we support the right parliament and the right government and obey the law, you are at variance with our views. Editorials - The Way Forward … (Page 5) Patrons: and Towards a New Era! (Page 6) Sir Richard Body For over fifty years we of The Fourth World have believed this to be a recipe for disaster. We have sought to show that events are out of control, that wars, global Dele Oguntimoju A Provocative Intellectual Renegade! Wayne John Sturgeon interviews Tim Bragg. Page 8 wars and economic disasters are inevitable, not because governments are too Kirkpatrick Sale capitalist or socialist but because everything relating to government or economic Sir Julian Rose The Evil Of Exploitation … and the need for a new activity has become far too big to be controlled for sensible purposes by anyone. monetary system. We look at the ideas of Peter Challen of the Christian Council For Monetary Size itself has become public enemy number one of the human race, and no Local Offices: Justice. Page 18 progress is possible unless we reduce the size to a level that makes that control Australia: possible. Jacques Boulet Raising A Voice For Small Nations. Articles by Roman Henry Clarke and Mr. Sockalingham That is why The Fourth World is the world of small nations, small communities India: Yogalingam MP (Transnational Government of and small enterprises is the only world that can be democratic and reflect genuine Dr. Madhukar B. Nisal Tamil Eelam). Pages 26 – 30. human needs or desires. New Zealand: Helen Dew “To be small, or not to be at all, that is the So Fourth World Review was founded to assert this simple truth. Today, because question”. A look at the work of John Papworth. dominant forces continue to deny it, we continue to go from one catastrophe to USA: Page 31. Thomas A. Naylor another as mass unemployment multiplies and government finances continue to Agora, Anarchy, Action! Wayne John Sturgeon collapse, whilst prospects of war continue to take their toll of human hope and human talks to award-winning author, screenwriter, and life and every form of excess overshadows all our prospects. We urge the way journalist, J. Neil Schulman. Page 37. forward is to ensure every single village or community has the maximum forms of power to control its own affairs and that only the minimum forms are deployed by Rage Against the Machine: The Beginning of the regional or national bodies to ensure government is from the base up, not from the Luddites. Kirkpatrick Sale asks if the issues raised top down. by the Luddites are still valid. Page 43.

Reviews. Page 47 - 51 - John Papworth

Page 4 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 5 Meet the new Editors … Editorial Towards a New Era!

IT’S both an honour and a privilege to be involved in the re-launch of Fourth World Review on the basis of its founding editorial policy.

As our interview with John Papworth – see page 31 - notes this will be promoting the “argument first put forward by Professor Leopold Kohr over half a century ago in his epochal Breakdown of Nations, later popularised in Fritz Schumacher’s Small Is Beautiful. They were simply arguing that the origins of the modern crisis lay in GRAHAM WILLIAMSON originally hails WAYNE JOHN STURGEON lives in the the fact that governments and institutions (including industries), had become so large from Blackpool in Lancashire but has lived Southeast of England and has musical as to be uncontrollable under any political label, and that the genuine democratic in Hornchuch, Essex, for 25 years. Here, he roots in the Anarcho-Punk musical scene target lay in making them smaller so people could control them”. is Chairman of a local and influential and counter culture of the 1980s. He would community group, the Adamsgate Action describe himself as a Christian Anarchist As the new joint editors of 4WR we aim to further popularise the ideas of Kohr, Group. with strong Progressive Nationalist and Left Schumacher and Papworth and promote them to a worldwide audience. He is the co-author of the seminal work, A Libertarian/Agorist leanings. Declaration and Philosophy of His writings have appeared in various Progressive Nationalism. (His fellow co- Anarchist, Libertarian and Counter Cultural Initially, we intend to do this by producing 4WR in e-zine format. This literally author, Tim Bragg, is interviewed in this issue of means that we can send copies of this issue all over the world just with the click of publications including Alternative Green, Fourth World Review – see page 8). Graham New Imperium and Steadfast. He has a ‘send’ button! Hundreds – if not thousands – of pounds a year will be saved in says that in A Declaration, his main aim printing, postage and packing costs (unless there are a couple of millionaires out recently had articles published in the book was to “break free from traditionalThe Radical Tradition – Philosophy, there willing to bankroll full-colour printed copies?). Any money saved can be used nationalist thinking which often lapses into elsewhere in promoting our ideals. Metaphysics and Conservative racist or reactionary dialogue. Progressive Revolution (edited by Troy Southgate, Nationalism, however, is the post-modern Primordial Traditions, 2011). alternative: radical, socially progressive and We’re also very interested in establishing 4WR internet-based TV and radio stations. Inspired by the writings of Tim Bragg, he Other developments will also follow – so watch this space! inclusive.” Graham is presently a leading figure in the assisted in the development of Livable new National Liberal Party – he is also Nation and the Facebook group English Alongside this new electronic media, we’d like to see an increase in local printed editor of New Horizon the ideologicalGreen (as well as other groups such as the newsletters like John Papworth’s Purton Today. As you’ll notice from our article publication of the NLP - which brings Christian Anarchist and Libertarian on page 52, one of our aims is to build an alternative media. We’d like to promote together a nascent Progressive Nationalism Fellowship and Left Rothbardians). community empowerment by helping to produce as many local publications as with a much older liberal tradition as Since the mid 90s his most important and possible! practiced by figures such as Mazzini, ambitious project has been Albion Awake! Lehman and Hoare-Belisha. Now in its second incarnation at At all times the message must be paramount – the absolute need to return to He is also a human rights campaigner and www.albionawake.tk it aims to create a development on a human-scale. However, it must be presented in terms that people a Consultant for a Public Relations creative synthesis of the historic English can understand, using modern layout, design and graphics. With this in mind, we’d company which specialises in formulating radical tradition with esoteric Christianity really appreciate your views on this issue of Fourth World Review. PR strategy, handling Press Relations and and British mythology. Albion Awake takes organising carefully targeted Mail Shots for its inspiration from people like William campaigning non-profit making Blake, Dimitri Mitrinovic and John - Wayne John Sturgeon & Graham Williamson organisations. Hargreave.

Page 6 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 7 Tim Bragg (pictured) is a author, singer-songwriter and musician. He has written several books and has the following CDs to his name: Fields of England (2007), Light Comes Rollin' (2007), Night Ferry (2008), Waiting for the Light (2009), Where is the Fighter? Songs for Phil Lynott EP (2009), Keep Christmas EP (2009), Fox in the Night (2009) and Stranger Through the Window (2010). He is also the founder and spokesman for the radical nationalist ecological group, English Green.

A Provocative Intellectual Renegade! Wayne John Sturgeon interviews Tim Bragg TIM BRAGG describes himself as “the eternal outsider” and has been described as "a provocative intellectual renegade". Born at Birmingham (then part of Warwickshire) he later moved to a modern housing estate - masquerading as a village! - near Warwick. He later took a Diploma of Higher Education at Middlesex University, London (then a Polytechnic) majoring alternatively in French and Music – this was over two years. Later he read English and American Literature at Warwick University. From - and including 1993 - he has lived in various towns, cities and countries. His extensive travels have taken him to Leamington Spa, Suffolk, North Devon the Czech Republic, Sunderland, County Durham, Honiton, and Somerset. He later lived on a manorial estate, “as a peasant!” near Appley, on the Devon- Somerset border. Tim also spent much of his time in Stratford-upon-Avon – which he describes as his “spiritual home” where he was Head of Percussion at Stratford Music Centre. He has recently settled in France, with his French wife and son.

Page 8 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 9 Please could you introduce Nationalism (written with Graham lively group on Facebook and has a the novel their response has been yourself and tell us how you came Williamson). What is the basic well crafted website. Early days. very favourable - with some curious to be involved in creating the idea vision and mission of Progressive Liveable Nation has brought in folk exceptions. I wrote Oak as a sequel behind both Liveable Nation and Nationalism and how did it inspire from various organisations who have to The English Dragon as it fitted English Green? both English Green and Liveable a shared view of Progressive with my developing ideas – and Nation? Nationalism – and the is more in-line with Firstly, thank you for inviting me to National Liberal Party Progressive Nationalism. be interviewed Wayne and supplying So the vision was (and is!) of a world evolved as it did - I would Oak was initially to be set me with such excellent questions! like a patchwork quilt, fashioned from suggest - as a direct result in 2020 but I was advised Okay, I’m a writer and musician small, independent nations working of the Declaration – to bring the date closer on primarily but also someone who has with each other as each sees fit. especially with Graham the grounds of its relevance. taken an interest in English and green English Green fits well into this Williamson helping steer it. Oak has predicted (predicts?) politics. Liveable Nation and English patchwork as not only does it tackle My contribution to the some events that came to pass. Green both stemmed from ideas English ecology but becomes a Declaration was more philosophical It featured a bomb blast in London written in A Declaration Andtemplate for “any nation” Green. – this has been both praised and (the target was the American Philosophy of Progressive Thus, nations around the world can criticised (mostly the former I’m glad Embassy) and details the continuing Nationalism (with co-author Graham have their own, realistic green party to say!). “American Wars”. But, because it Williamson). This booklet is really a but through cooperation can tackle brought its action closer it can now response to “nationalist” politics at world ecological problems. From the You have written novels like The seem to be historical!!!! If it had been the time but remains relevant. There nation devolving through White Rooms and The Englishbought in any numbers and reviewed seemed to be a dichotomy between communities at local levels and from Dragon. Do you think that this is and discussed in “the media” it might what nationalism was and what it the nation evolving to tackle world a good medium for getting some have had some impact…but it could be. On the one hand you had problems. Liveable Nation is a of your radical ideas and values remains a literary prophet without the BNP and UKIP (and some symbolic title for the “fusion of across? honour! English nationalist parties/groups) Nationalism, Social Justice and This is the major problem – writing on the other a much-needed idea of Environmentalism” it is a literary “think Thank you for mentioning these!! I’m novels that are saying ‘uncomfortable’ a modern cultural nationalism, deeply tank” for all discussions and writings on much steadier ground talking things (very uncomfortable at times) green, spiritual and democratic. An flowing from the Declaration. Having about my novels! means both the publisher will be small independent nationalism - but said that it too can, will and IS In one sense they are a perfect (Athelney and Black Cat cooperative! evolving! medium…writing words, translating Distribution) and consequent sales English Green seemed to ignite thoughts into narratives that can be and reviews equally small. The You mentioned A Declaration And interest among certain folk (including re-connected into thoughts in the English Dragon picked up a few Philosophy of Progressive yourself Wayne!) and has become a brains of others is so wonderful. good reviews – notably a reasonable Choosing the novel as a format to review in Right Now! But its sales transmit ideas has both plusses and aren’t huge. There is little cultural minuses. But let me say – in another movement in nationalism – and yet sense – writing novels hasn’t been a it should be both intrinsic and natural good medium. to it! (Again this reflects on what I spend a long time writing a novel contemporary nationalism is and/or – a first draft may only take six to perceived to be). The White Rooms nine months – but this initial draft is looks at a post apocalyptic world (a re-worked, thought about, re-read, dystopia) where there is apartheid, re-worked! If people buy and/or read a division, based on protection (or Just some of the publications Tim Bragg has written, edited or contributed to.

Page 10 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 11 not) from a I hope that the lyrics are thought France – I’m married to a French particularly nasty provoking and relevant (and certainly woman – I am not and never will be disease. Only the the lyrics of England’s Burning!). French. My son is genetically reader, I suggest, I play all the instruments on most of English/French/Welsh/Breton – he is can answer whether the tracks and record/engineer and still very culturally English – over time the novels work! produce too. This is not an act of this will change. As a footnote I got immodesty but rather necessity! I England…Englishness…the future some nasty, barbed hope to write a follow-up album when of England – all of these will be tried criticism for The I am happy, finally, with this one! in the coming years. There can be English Dragon – a positive nationalism for the good – the reviewer (that I Having been involved in the or folk driven to anger, frustration and know of) hadn’t Steadfast Trust and magazine, violence by current (past and maybe READ the book but what do you think of the current future) political ineptitude. had made state of English nationalism Culture is the most important aspect assumptions based particularly with the rise of the of Englishness (this includes our on Amazon reviews! There is another recording at least half of the songs. reactionary EDL? language). As long as our people, review at large - looking at tropes in (If any readers purchased a copy of culture and language have integrity various media – it labelled me a the CD please get in touch and I will I haven’t really been involved with then we can include others who would “nationalist writer” and proceeded to send re-done songs in an mp3 the Steadfast Trust – other than to emulate and integrate with us. It’s take the rise out of some of my format.) proofread newsletters. Steadfast – that simple. Of course folk will pipe perceived “tropes”. Naturally some The reason for re-doing? Well, the magazine – I edited for a number up “but culture changes” – everything of these (all perhaps) were chosen initially the song writing came about of years (I forget!) – I enjoyed this changes, new branches and leaves deliberately – yet again, one can only because I thought there was no-one but it got to be a burden…and there on a tree – but the roots remain the determine if the book was actually banging on about this stuff - there were distinctly opposite views fighting same. read!!! It seems there are ‘liberal’ were in fact some - and also putting for dominance. This leads me onto folk out there that are knee-jerk music to poetry I had written for the current state of English What problems do you see in reviewers! I can only hope that folk English Dissident Verse. Some of nationalism. There is the ethno- communicating to people about will be drawn to my stuff when they the songs were recorded properly in nationalism of some and the civic or Progressive nationalism? see these poisoned penned reviews a professional studio and well cultural-nationalism of others. It (to use a cliché!) produced. I’m afraid my efforts at seems simple to me to say – yes the First problem – the word nationalism I do intend to publish more novels recording back then were very English are an ethnic group (we can’t itself! I didn’t want to use patriotism – sympathetic publishers willing… primitive – to my shame. But like a ALL be English) but we can (sounds American or the patriot child I was impressed by what I had accommodate others who wish to missile) – and nation is a good thing. You have also been a very done. As I developed my embrace English culture. I live in Nations defeated tyranny. It is when productive musician and recording/engineering/playing skills nations or ideas step over their songwriter playing many different I realised how bad some of my ‘early’ boundaries that problems arise! Thus types of instruments - could you stuff was! (I have withdrawn a number one is on the defensive to begin with. tell us about your album Fields of of albums from sale/distribution and But times will change. England? am re-working on a series of ‘revamped’ albums as a result.) Could there be a model of This is a most topical question. I am So now I am re-working songs and European federalism that you feel in the process of re-visiting Fields I’m a lot happier with them. Music is would be an acceptable one that of England and re-mixing/re-a great emotional way to share ideas. progressive nationalists could

Page 12 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 13 I wondered how on earth to how people can live with space, eggs…having a horse or donkey – England might become in in a climate that is excellent for all these can be managed in a way 1,000 – in 50 years! growing vegetables (SW France) and that is beneficial for both man and Separation can’t be the how having less people and more animal (or bird!). But we live in Nature answer – and I do not blame room seems to engender greater and Nature is red in tooth and claw. the Czech people here (who tranquility. There is also the French Keeping chickens isn’t “natural” and were/are very pleasant on politeness – shaking hands and to ensure eggs aren’t fertilized then the whole) but rather both kissing (even men kiss cheek to there can’t be a Rooster. A cat will groups - and this applies cheek and sometimes on the lips). play with and/or kill a mouse…a across Europe. I am not an Living here has made me more donkey or horse hasn’t asked to carry work with, rather than maybe apologist for gypsy life – but perhaps reflective… man or his burden! against? their ways have evolved (or devolved) We don’t live in a perfect world – in mutual antagonism and ignorance? I understand you are virtually a I’m both an idealist and pragmatist Yes, this is an interesting idea – a I live in France for three main lifelong vegetarian-do you think when it comes to animals. The world Europe with the right of free reasons: firstly, I am married to a there is a difference between isn’t going to turn vegetarian or vegan travel…abode…work! Can such a French woman and therefore I have animal welfare and animal rights? – thus: there is the need to install Europe exist without destroying its an organic link (especially through strong laws for animal protection; nations? I’m uncomfortable with a my son). If we were all English I Are the two mutually exclusive? I’m encourage and promote healthy lot of the anti-European jargon. The don’t think we’d be here. Secondly: never quite comfortable with “rights”. animal husbandry and pre-stunned EU as it is seems quite corrupt and we wanted to grow our own Well, if you’re going to keep and kill slaughtering (which is well elitist…true. But being against it vegetables and keep some livestock an animal you certainly have the monitored). Encourage a mixed diet doesn’t mean losing the idea of some – this was impossible in England (for obligation to treat it well and to ensure with small amounts of (organic) meat form of Free Europe. Honestly, this the money we had). Thirdly: I was its end is as painless and non- and some fish. I could write a lot is something I need to ponder and fearful for my son’s education and frightening as possible. For me that’s about this and my ideas but you square with independent, free cultural experiences. (I imagine there simply moral behaviour. You probably get the message! Meat- nations. Have I a RIGHT to move to will be folk reading this that think I shouldn’t sacrifice an animal or eaters can eat less meat as I eat less another country…take work…take should have stayed and made his slaughter it for religious reasons – dairy produce. Just be aware of land? Must I stay where I am? and others experiences more that’s simply anathema to spirituality. what’s on your plate and how it got beneficial – and to an extent I agree.) Animal welfare should be intrinsic to there. You recently moved to France. Practically we can live much better keeping/slaughtering animals and Having reflected on this – during a Has this given you a more in France than we could in England should be supported by hard law. walk through a piece of beautiful detached – or objective - take on – and we are beginning to be self- Animal rights – the idea that animals near-by countryside – I must add that the state of your birthplace? Does sufficient (or semi-sufficient!). Has have rights or that we bestow rights? humanity, with all its evils and yet this inspire or reflect upon your being in France affected my writing As soon as we enslave music and writing? and music? Well before we moved an animal or pen it or here permanently I wrote all the slaughter it – it has no Politically I was more inspired by songs for my last two (vocal) albums rights! Pragmatically I when I lived in the Czech Republic. here in France! I have also worked can see that men and There I saw The reality of people with a translator and she has animals can live who had lived in that region for over translated some of my short stories…I symbiotically – keeping 1,000 years and yet remained hope that this will lead to publication a cat to ensure mice separate - divided. I talk of the gypsy in France, we’ll see. Ideas wise, don’t invade! Keeping population. Looking back at England (rural) France has opened my eyes chickens for

Page 14 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 15 beauty, nobility and great works of too – I will have a re-done Fields of be inspired by reactionary ethnically Pie’s Smokin’ - and then the opening art and science – is based on, England CD. Nearly every track will driven nationalism – or the ideas riff of Whiskey in the Jar (Thin flourishes through – a perpetual mass have been re-recorded/mixed or within progressive nationalism! It is Lizzy) meant I was hooked! Brian murder of our fellow beings. It’s a improved in some way. And I’ve up to those who believe in the latter Downey is a great rock drummer. fact. Most of us choose not to think joined a couple of French groups – to tend its flame, keep its light. For Van Morrison had an influential effect too deeply – it’s easier. There is a so I get to play some good British the moment we can develop our on me too – certainly leading to my holocaust of animals that shames us and American rock! ideas and put them out through the interest in the Romantic Poets. Being all – and rids us of all our goodness! We’re also growing vegetables and internet or printed material – we can (primarily) a drummer means that I But people can and do change – and fruit – so I can be found with a fork gather like-minded folk. Being a have experienced all the various I remain optimistic…for what it’s in my hand in the garden! This progressive nationalist is spiritual as genres of music from classical worth. balances the mind, body and spirit. well as fundamental – it calls for (playing some timpani and It isn’t glamorous…but it’s very different thought and percussion) through thrash- What are your current projects? rewarding to pick vegetables from manner of living. Can you jazz-punk, rock, blues and the garden and cook them (not me) imagine a better land…a jazz etc!!! I like commitment I’m writing a series of essays under or pick fruit from the ground or trees. better world? That’s the and ‘soul’ in music – and the generic title: Body Mind Spirit It’s the essential link…it has to be first step! that can happen on stage & Time – where I’m tryingmaintained. to when musicians forget their approach this and the “after life” What writers, thinkers, egos (okay this is rare) and (should it exist) in an objective How would you like to see an movements or music become whole and ‘one’ manner…with some regard to the English green progressive artists have inspired with the music – which synthesis of science and spirituality nationalism to develop in the you? seems to ‘take off’! Sorry – but all done in a way, I hope, that future? if this sounds a bit hippyish anyone can understand and can think Writers: George Orwell, – but it is a real and magical about the ideas. It’s going VERY The future seems to have a fork in Franz Kafka, Solzhenitsyn, moment. And timeless. slowly!!! Too much thinking and not its road. One fork leads to a world Milan Kundera, John Music – which is all about enough writing! governed by an elite (and even Fowles, DH time, can become truly I am putting together a series of smaller elite!) – a world of Lawrence…Wordsworth & timeless! re-vamped albums – I was never supranational movements, often Coleridge. Finally! We seem happy with my early recording (as tyrannical in their zeal. The other is I don’t think I’ve been incapable of managing I’ve said) and have re-visited some the way of the small, green, influenced by movements ourselves…yet we stumble good songs and made them democratic nation-state…wishful as such – I am the eternal on through history and time. better/tighter. The first of these will thinking? Well – we do live in outsider…despite connections with Great men and women come and be out this year. As a result of this interesting times…things are community-inspired magazines or go. Science has both freed and changing rapidly. politics. Books such as A Day in the enslaved us…our population in tiny The electoral system Life of Ivan Denosivich the Kolyma England threatens our very deep- in Britain (England Tales and Darkness at Noon bring rooted sense of freedom. Globally hasn’t even got its own home man’s capacity for cruelty and the population increase threatens our parliament!) strangles injustice in the name of ideology. We very existence. We are called on to new ideas and parties. are warned! imagine a better world. Thought But at some point Musically I was awoken by a clutch precedes action and both need to be people will turn to a form of albums I exchanged some singles wise. We can live in a sustainable of nationalism – and for! Jimi Hendrix’s Electricpeaceful world! It is progressive when they do they can Ladyland; Led Zeppelin II; Humble nationalism that holds that key. n

Page 16 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 17 ministry after some searingly applied faith fed my basic conviction educative ‘reality experiences’ in which is neatly encapsulated in these school, national service, a steel works words from Frozen Desire - an and a coal mine, I began to see the inquiry into the meaning of money erosion of inclusiveness by tight forms by James Buchan (1997): "Deny the of congregationalism. ‘Institutional wisdom of ending usury and the eco- drag’ was affecting the church; just system dies." as it tends to threaten all institutions Indications in the present 'rich that are not constantly curious about thugs/poor thugs' mayhem suggest the challenges of emergent evolution society dies too. Frozen Desire in its many forms of God’s explores in an exceptionally ceaseless creativity. pertinent way free of Let me give a hint of economic jargon the my journey in the original meaning and Christian Ministry. implication of 'usury' Sometimes from an as the many Anglican parish financial forms of base, sometimes exploitation - the not, I’ve explored gaining of The evil of exploitation … the relevance of benefit for And the need for a new monetary system. faith in economic limited vested activity for 52 interests to the THE RECESSION has brought the workings of the banking system years to date. For detrimental into sharp focus. Many people instinctively feel that there’s something 29 years I led the expense of people South London or the planet. The wrong with the banking system, but they can’t quite put their finger Industrial Mission - book's inspiring on what it is. Many folks are also bewildered as to why we always until the support of the erudition provides the seem to have reoccurring cycles of boom and bust. Also, why is churches for such evidence in literature of the it that the government always has money to burn when it comes to essential exploratory inquiry drift from the 'the age of faith' war – whilst at the same time, hospitals, schools and libraries are ‘at the face’ waned to such to the 'age of money' - that closed due to a lack of funding? In an attempt to answer some of an extent that I took early is the replacement of almost all ‘retirement’. This enabled my sense of any values providing for these questions, Wayne John Sturgeon talks to Peter Challen of ‘retreadment’ as a refashioning of the Common Good for people and the Christian Council For Monetary Justice. my part in ministry free of institutional planet by a sole measurement in drag. So now, after a lifetime of money. This approach through Could you introduce yourself and Jesus, I think I was always post- searching for a significant Christian literature is amplified by the seminal how you came to be involved in denominational before I was narrowly witness against the insidious evil of works of four CCMJ associates: The the CCMJ? denominational. My father was a exploitation running deep in most Grip of Death by Michael parish priest of the servant ministry human societies, I found I could Rowbotham, Grace and Mortgage Born into a Christian family steeped to the whole community type. I engage with the Christian Council for - the Language of Faith and the in ecumenical, ecological and believed in the demanding Monetary Justice (CCMJ). Its low Debt of the World, by Peter Selby inclusive visions of what it is to seek inclusiveness of the Gospel. profile activity in non-possessive and Property for People, not for to live ‘in Christ’ after the example of On finding my way into formal encouragement of explorers in Profit - alternatives to the Global

Page 18 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 19 tyranny of Capital by Duchrow and Testament and exemplified by Jesus of prayerfulness, that is, 'performance interest/exploitation-free economy, a Hinkelammert. Polanyi is a in the New, is buried and suffocated prayer', aided as may be by regular perpetual self-correcting jubilee, from significant advocate of the by an individualistic concern for times of reflective or formal prayer. the Magnificat onwards, through the fundamental task of undoing the deep personal salvation or the only slightly We often have a kind of notion, as Nazareth sermon, Zaccheaus, the fault of commodifying people, land, lesser conceit of' 'my happiness'. So part of a ‘highfalutin’ institutional Good Samaritan, the Beatitudes, the assets, money and intellectual that a reputable ecumenical scholar ‘churchiness’, of ourselves as pray- Unjust Steward, the common life of property. If Polanyi is correct in his spurred me to tireless action in these ers, that when we pray we need to the early church. analysis then in order to achieve matters by saying to me years ago, be completely attentive and we need So much, much more to say here reform it is not necessary to abandon “the neglect of economics is a wound to be fully engaged in concentrating ... faith grows stronger the more the market since this is not in itself in the side of the church" (even all and we need to be focused. But the contemporary realism you relate it the problem, but rather to the great faith traditions???). That's fact is, as I experienced it, if prayer to. why I am a jobbing theologian and a is our end of a relationship with the jobbing economist - prepared to constant creativity of God, that's not What do you think of earlier search and search for the roots and the way we are with the people we movements that concerned the cure of the immense fault lines love for a large portion of the time. monetary reform like Social we have built into Western Society, We simply are in their presence. Credit? beginning always with questions, We're going about our lives at the rather than with assertions made from same time in each other's presence, Highly. My nurture imbued in me a very limited or partially conditioned aware and sustained by each other, subconscious, or do I mean super- knowledge. but not much more than that. That conscious, and persistent feeling that is why the heart of ministry is in was committed in my family, my What is the basic mission of the dialogue in the harsh and the public life and global context to CCMJ? promising realities of daily life. challenging exploitation and usury in whatever form it appeared. Early CCMJ was founded on the evidence How does your Christian faith and money, land and property reformers of our fraudulent money system the biblical testimony inform your deeply influence our studies and our disclosed in the Dundee Report (A economic vision? initiatives. Associates are constantly Logo from the web-site of the Christian View of Wealth) revisiting the insights of Major CH Christian Council For Monetary commissioned by the Congregational Desmond Tutu said “Religion is as Douglas and of Henry George to Justice. The site invites readers to “Browse within to find the pages Union of Scotland, which reported in dead without its political expression; discern their contemporary that take you to the next step you 1962. CCMJ’s mission is to awaken as politics is dangerous without the application. Specifically, CCMJ’s seek. Join us and help us to rectify people to the fact that for centuries discipline of spiritual reflection,” weekly studies at the London Global the insidious distortions in our way of western societies have been succinctly representing the insistence Table are closely related to the life, generated by usurious money creation”. increasingly treating people, land, on inclusive justice that threads its Coalition for Economic Justice (CEJ) assets, money and intellectual way through the Scriptures almost which draws together 11 agencies decommodftise these primary factors property as commodities, in each as emphatically as much church life focusing on the collection of economic and so free the market from the case exploitatively; and to advance and teaching ignores it. “The neglect rent for the community tyranny of the present system. A practical ways that these can be of economics is a wound in the side formidable task. In the ineluctable changed. Let me say, strangely of the church.” For a reallyI understand there was a strong centuries-long drift to ownership, perhaps, that this way of approaching provocative Bible Study, of the OT Christian influence on the consumerism and competitiveness, ministry and faithfulness was closely emphasis in the New Testament formation of currents like Guild the rich seam of inclusive justice related to my introduction to prayer. consider the possibility that Luke- Socialism and Distributionism - do running throughout the Old I was taught to seek the persistence Acts has a consistent theme of an you think these have any modern

Page 20 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 21 relevance in today’s world? Could a free market economy be “The world urgently needs a new structure of justice consistent with radical monetary embodied new economics and politics Enormous relevance if their reform of the banking system? capable of giving a common purpose to theological resonance and intrinsic Western, Islamic and other societies. In the values are expressed afresh in the It is only money reform ending the language of economic relationship commercial issuance of money book, people of good faith and of faith and purposes, being translated into bearing compound interest (interest traditions come together and identify the the terminology that describes current beyond transparent and agreed fees) fundamental flaw of the present system - 97 practice and its purposes, strategies, that will enable a truly free market to percent of the new money supply has interest mistakes and aspirations. There is replace the present highly controlled attached and is not used to provide - a basic a danger that adherents to the and monopolised ‘unfree’ market that income for all - capital ownership for all, on the wisdom of these perceptive insights reigns. principles of binary economics. The Seven Steps cannot leave the labels and language ensure that income and ownership which allow of their creation in order to utilise their Can the concept of "Profit" and many important applications including a proper intrinsic value in appropriate the subjective theory of value (as deal for women and a solution to the problems of contemporary terms. For that reason opposed to the labour theory of the Middle East and Kashmir.” their spokespersons are left clinging value) be consistent with a to dogma and a dependency on guru- Christian ethos? “I am a pessimist of the intellect.... * Public capital investment - at half like authority rather than using the but an optimist of the will”. the present cost authenticity of the basic wisdom to Both phrases suffer from the historical be self-evident in bold experimental baggage they carry. The present You co-authored a book entitled * A huge reduction in debt - personal, use. situation is so entirely different than Seven Steps to Justice could corporate and national anything that has gone before that it youexplain the basic premise? Are you familiar with the work of requires a profound change of * A proper deal for women - ensures Henry George and his concept of consciousness, or the surfacing of Money reform must also tackle the independent income a Single Tax on land stewardship? buried subversive consciousness of matter of distribution. Seven Steps justice, to bring us hope of returning to Justice contains an intellectual * Safeguarding the environment - Yes indeed – we are committed to from the edge to create a system and moral basis for the part of the sustainable resource use, and thus the just pre-distribution of access with structured inclusive justice Global Justice Movement that CCMJ ... to wealth and to rent of natural founded within, not against the has advanced (see resources, to be achieved ordinateby precepts of natural law. www.globaljusticemovement.net). * Peace securing for communal benefit, by It is a careful rethinking of economics, means of a land-as-public-revenue There are many "vested" interests politics, the monetary system and At the heart of the Steps is the formula, the basic rental value of the in international finance banking. religion to identify and explain a new urgent need for a new stable, just, land, in its unimproved, natural Is it even possible to implement paradigm providing: global monetary system which condition, and the value of natural radical monetary reform without addresses poverty and rich-poor resources before any work is done bloodshed? * To secure incomes for all, including divisions; focuses on the real, on them, to be collected by Resource pensions - created by new technology productive, economy; enables all Taxes. CCMJ is a member of the Probably not; certainly not without and new investment societies to control their own destiny; Coalition for Economic Justice (CEJ), serious and painful adjustments to ends the exponential increase in debt a coalition of 11 agencies promoting thought and action. That is why I * Capital ownership for all - individual now threatening to engulf the world; the collection of economic rent for keep in the forefront of my mind the capital estates to provide secure and ends exploitation/usury (interest). the community that creates it. significance of the Gramsci quip – income Central to the analysis and proposals

Page 22 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 23 of the book is work done by CCMJ concentrating on: known as the "matrix". Over a period of several years, I had been (i) coalition work with the Coalition investigating various groups and for Economic Justice, schools of thought in the endeavour (ii) our submission to, and follow-up to identify where they stood on a with, the Independent Commission range of important issues. As time on Banking, went on, we were able to see what (iii) preparing the Moving Planet was, and was not, held in common. World Day seminar on Identifying Very interestingly, virtually all the the Money Power behind Climate groups tended to see the world only Change. from their own relatively narrow (iv) contributing an innovation group perspective but - and it was a very within the Finance Innovation Lab - important 'but' - the matrix began to called Faith and Philosophy reveal that, perhaps unknown to the influencing Finance. individual groups, they often had (v) Promoting Peter Dominy’s PhD more in common with others than thesis Decoding Mammon; Money they might suppose. This work is now in Need of Redemption. advanced in the New Economics Foundation’s The Great Transition. Is there anything more you would like to add - and how can someone What is the Abrahamic Society? find out more about the CCMJ? This is a reference to the states profoundly influenced by the free Abrahamic faiths. 1. Visit www.ccmj.org and consider joining CCMJ. The changes since 2002 are so rapid 2. Join the weekly email distribution and intricate that today I would now of Matters in the air, which guides rephrase that step. the discussion and activities emanating from CCMJ’s 15 year old What are your current projects? weekly open London Global Table. 3. Make direct contact with me with Because we work as an open specific questions or comments so mutually enhancing network my that unique concerns may be related annual report in preparation lists to those parts of our network where The Rev Canon Peter Challen, Chairman of the Christian Council for about 24 engagements with initiatives appropriate to each starting Monetary Justice (CCMJ) at a meeting of Global Vision 2000 and the associates, other persons and groups point, interests and opportunities may Universal Peace Federation. Here he called upon those present to or agency initiatives in a mutual be supported. “Do all you can to tackle exploitation of people and planet. Do all you teaching/learning relationship. I could 4. Join the youthful energies can to tackle Exponential Growth, leading us like lemmings to the make this list available on request, embraced within Positive Money. cliff. The key lies in a publicly created money supply distributed into via [email protected] 5. Support us with voluntary social infrastructure and wider capital ownership, moving our From the Global Table we are contributions. n investments towards productiveness and not insensitive speculation.”

Page 24 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 25 pacts. The Sinhalese, however, made false promises, forgot the pledges which were made, abrogated pacts and staged anti-Tamil pogroms. Armed struggle As non-violent freedom struggle failed, armed freedom struggle commenced. Tamils fought against discrimination, ill-treatment, torture, structural violence, Raising a Voice for Small Nations hegemony, chauvinism, state terrorism and Election material in support of Mr. Sockalingam Yogalingam genocide and established MP, North West London representative of the Transnational Could You Help To Stop The Genocide Of Tamils? a de facto state. A de-facto Government of Tamil Eelam. state of ‘Tamil Eelam’ was The following is an article written by a Member of Parliament of a government- formed and a peace process undertaken civilian population in ghetto areas, forcible in-exile, the Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam (TGTE). Tamils have in 2002. This broke down and the Sri removal, displacement and deportation been struggling to obtain fair treatment at the hands of the Sinhalese (80%+ Lankan armed forces launched a final of the Tamil civilian population, deliberate of the population) dominated Sri Lankan Government since Independence offensive in 2008. Thousands of Tamils military attacks or threats of attacks on in 1948. After suffering years of oppression, some Tamil youths took up sacrificed their lives to defend the Tamil civilians and civilian areas, and wanton arms to create a separate state as the solution to their treatment. Since state which the crime committing destruction of property. the defeat of the rebels (mainly the ‘Tamil Tigers’) in May 2009 the Tamil government of Sri Lanka dismantled in Genocide of Tamils (systematic and Diaspora (at least 1m in the West alone), formed the TGTE to continue a May 2009. intentional mass murder) peaceful struggle for Tamil justice and freedom. Anyone wishing to help their campaign or find out more should contact the author. War crimes and crimes against More than 200,000 Tamils were humanity and peace murdered by the government of Sri Lanka in order to rid the land of Tamils. Over History Rights of the Tamils The Sri Lankan government and its one million Tamils emigrated. 250,000 security forces have been committing Tamils are internally displaced. 300,000 The Tamils have been living on the Island Since then, the Tamils have been crimes against the Tamils. In Dublin on Tamils are living as refugees globally. of Ceylon (now named Sri Lanka) for struggling to freely determine their January 2010, the Permanent Peoples’ 96,000 Tamils are widowed. Property thousands of years before the birth of political status and freely pursue their Tribunal (PPT) investigated the crimes worth millions of pounds has been Christ. During the period from 600 BC economic, social and cultural and found that the Sri Lankan destroyed. Thousands of people have to 1505 AD, parts of the Island were development in the North-Eastern Government is guilty of war crimes and been made homeless and destitute. ruled separately and together from time province of Ceylon/Sri Lanka. They are crimes against humanity. Furthermore, Furthermore, there has been continuing to time by the Tamils and the Sinhalese. demanding that they are allowed to the UK and the USA share responsibility destruction of the remaining Tamils. The Tamil and the Sinhalese kingdoms exercise their civil rights, political rights, for the breakdown of the peace process. were governed separately by the economic rights, social rights, cultural Investigation of genocide Portuguese from 1505 to 1656 AD, by rights and collective rights freely, fully Ethnic cleansing (forced deportation the Dutch from 1658 to 1800 and by the and continuously. and population transfer) Since 1956 to date, the Tamils have British from 1800 to 1948. During British been killed with impunity. The Sri Lankan rule the two kingdoms were Non-violent struggle The government of Sri Lanka has been government should be charged with the amalgamated by the British for their carrying out ethnic cleansing by means crimes of genocide. Full accountability administrative convenience and they The Tamils tried to resolve the conflict of murder, torture, arbitrary arrest and should be established for the crimes failed to give the sovereignty of the Tamils from 1948 to 1978 through discussion, detention, extra-judicial executions, rape under international law. Finally, the back to the Tamils when they left in 1948. dialogue, proposals, agreements and and sexual assaults, confinement of the perpetrators must be brought to justice Page 26 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 27 and the Tamils must be saved. To date Tamil Eelam, have fought for independence, gained it known as MIS) and the Frunti Nazziunali the demands of the UN, EU, Amnesty d. Hold a referendum under the and kept it for a long time”. Sicilianu (Sicilian National Front - International and other human rights auspices of an international authority Roman notes that terror and repression Independent Sicily). organisations to stop the HR violations for the Tamil nation to ask whether has had to be employed to force Sicily The MIS has been in existence since against the Tamils have been ignored an independent state (or autonomy) to become ‘part’ of Italy. Only through the mid 40s. After the Allied invasion of by the government of Sri Lanka. May is a remedial measure for the act of we request you to write to the Prime “the frantic and violent exploiting of Sicily Sicily, and in the “symbol of the Minister and the foreign Minister of your genocide. and the Sicilians” was the Italian State Movement for the Independence of Sicily, country to take effective actions to: founded “and from those deadly rotten the peaceful claim for the recovery of the Mr. Sockalingam Yogalingam MP roots the Italian Republic is still the heir sovereignty and the renaissance of the a. Stop the genocide of the Tamils, (Transnational Government of Tamil of that regime.” Independent Sicilian State saw the b. Bring the perpetrators to justice, Eelam) Repression also seemed to be the massive joining of more than half of the c. End the Sinhalese military rule in Contact:[email protected] n name of the game of the Mussolini Sicilians. But the war developments did regime: not give back as expected the freedom “Fascism was a strong reaffirmation of to Sicily, but, instead, Sicily was given Raising a Voice for Small Nations an assimilationist, violent, racist, and back to the to the Italian State, which progressively more and more colonialist decided straight away to oppress violently Graham Williamson talks to Roman Henry Clarke state, devoted to the denial of the simplest the Movement, closing down its centres, and most basic linguistic and cultural deporting the leaders, beating and killing about Sicily and Independence. rights, and also continuously interfering the young militants in public squares, ROMAN HENRY CLARKE is a journalist, photographer, author, theatre and short-film director. with the everyday life of citizens, with such as in the “Massacre of Maqueda He was born in 1979 – his father being the Manx musician and photographer Peter Henry continuous persecutions and deportations Street” of the 19th October 1944, when Clarke and his mother the Sicilian painter, Maria Costanzo. against the Sicilians.” in Palermo the Italian soldier shoot down Roman lives in Catania, Sicily, where he is “involved in meetings, conferences, seminars When asked to fast forward and 24 demonstrators of a huge pacific march and debates as well as in several essays published in many newspapers on the theme of describe the modern-day independence claiming freedom.” contemporary historical falsifications, colonial oppression, the phenomena of migration and movements in Sicily, Roman notes that Despite this, the MIS survived for integration in the Stateless Nations of Europe, the decolonisation process and the formation decades as a cultural and partially political and activity of nationalist and independentist movements.” the two main groups are the Movimento Much of his work and activities involves the promotion and recognition of Sicilian as an Indipendentista Siciliano (the Sicilian “pressure group”. In 2004, it re-entered historical and independent language. Independence Movement – commonly the political arena proper, although it now Here Graham Williamson talks to Roman who provides an overview of Sicily’s claim to independence. Roman has also kindly written a lengthy article about independence which will appear on the new Fourth World Review web-site in the very near future.Read the alternative patriotism that balances a love for nation, its people and the environment. “SICILY is the land of freedom and He also describes the birth of the independence”, says Roman HenrySicilian Nation in 424 BC at the Congress 'A Declaration of Progressive Nationalism' puts into Clarke, as he describes the origins of of Peace held in Gela. Here, Ermocrate, words what many political thinkers have been searching Sicily. representative of the colonies funded in for and lacking in orthodox green or patriotic circles. The land was named after the Siculi, Sicily by people of Greek language, Read how Nationalism, Social Justice and who “together with the Elimi and Sicani, proclaimed “We are not Joni nor Dori, Environmentalism can be fused in an holistic ideology. will be the very first Sicilians.” This theme we are Sicilians!” of freedom is also evident in the symbol This longing for freedom and "You will find youself drawn to its pages as if they of Trinakria, the ancient capital city of Independence that Roman talks of has were familar texts". Sicily. It consists of “very ancientalso been the backdrop for much of Copies of this book are available for the price of £5 triskéles” (three Legs) winged with the Sicily’s turbulent history. “Many other (inc P & P) made out to G. Williamson, face of Gorgon Medusa - “the emblem times during history the Sicilians, from of who asks the freedom for Sicily.” every cross of life, origin and culture, c/o PO Box 4217, Hornchurch, Essex RM12 4PJ. Page 28 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 29 appears as though it is happy with independentist, progressive and social autonomy – as opposed to full-blown platform, not systematically oriented to independence – for Sicily. poll competitions participation, and Roman describes the main aim now asserting its own independence from for the MIS: “Today the MIS has restarted other groups in claiming the Sicilian to support the absolute necessity, Independence.” practical and moral, to apply that Special The Frunti Nazziunali Sicilianu regard Statute for the Autonomy of Sicily in its Sicily as being under the cosh of a original version”. colonial oppressor - Italy. Indeed, Roman Apparently it is also considering “the sums up Sicily’s situation as being under possibility of a nearly future merge, with a “state of a complete political, military, Italian parties and autonomist police and criminal occupation”. Many organizations, especially the Movimento Sicilians feel that only a complete per le Autonomie, a Southernist Italian separation from Italy – “which has turned party, whose leader, Raffaele Lombardo, out many times as a violent cheater” - President of the Sicilian Region, is a will allow their nation to flourish. This “To be small, or not to be at all, controversial figure, jailed in the past will lead “to the social, cultural, years under the suspicion of corruption, economical and political independence been under investigation also for support and to the formation of a new political that is the question” to the mafia, and now under process for and executive Sicilian class without any illegal vote exchange.” conditionings, personalisms, personal THE REVEREND John Papworth is the After being reared in an orphanage, the Founder and former Editor of Fourth Reverend John Papworth has been at As Roman has already noted, the other interests, foreign interferences, and which World Review. Although regular readers various times a baker, journalist, main nationalist political organisation in will be serious, prepared, at the complete will be familiar with his work, many people economist - London University graduate, Sicily is the Frunti Nazziunali Sicilianu service of the Sicilian People, the Sicilian will be reading 4WR for the first time. ecologist, a self proclaimed 'futurist' and (Sicilian National Front - Independent Nation, the freedom, the democracy, the This is also its first issue in “electronic Church of England priest. He was under Sicily). Founded in 1964, it “acts as an peace, the progress, the welfare and the form”! Thus an introduction is required. licence to officiate from the Bishop of actual non-violent national liberation cooperation with the European and London until his remarks about the non- movement, with an authentic Mediterranean peoples.” n In this electronic world, the first port of sinfulness of shoplifting in giant stores call of enquiry – inevitably – Wikipedia, attracted global media attention and the free, on-line encyclopedia. Those caused him to be sacked from his non- unfamiliar with Wikipedia should be made stipendary post. (He was, he says, aware that its strong point is also its "concerned with the way the giants were weakest – in that anyone can edit it. destroying local community life" and Nevertheless, it remains a useful starting argued, "Jesus taught we should love point for those commencing research on our neighbours” – he said nothing about various subjects. loving Marks & Spencers).

The Movimento Indipendentista The Frunti Nazziunali Sicilianu (Sicilian This then – for what it’s worth - is what With the help of 'Fritz' E.F. Schumacher Siciliano (the Sicilian Independence National Front - Independent Sicily) it has to say about John Papworth: and Sir Herbert Read, he founded and believes that Sicily is occupied by Movement –commonly known as MIS) Italy. It demands complete social, edited Resurgence magazine (now appears to be moving towards a cultural, economicaland political “John Papworth (Born London, England, edited by Satish Kumar). He has also position of Sicilian autonomy. independence for Sicily. 1921) been: a parliamentary Labour candidate,

Page 30 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 31 1955; for nine years personal assistant Papworth wrote regularly for the pacifist What inspired you to launch Fourth World Review? to the then President of Zambia, Dr newspaper Peace News. Fourth World Review? Kenneth Kaunda; consultant to To recover democratic control of the Greenpeace; associate editor for The He has starred in two BBC I had been involved in traditional party functioning of society which had been politics (I had actually been a Labour largely taken over by economic forces Ecologist magazine; President of The documentaries entitled No Man is an Party parliamentary candidate) and for private interests and to shift the Academic Inn (a debating society), Island and Turbulent Priest. He has written the following books: The had become disillusioned with its emphasis of government so that it Leopold Kohr’s ideal; founder of the socialist professions and with the operates from the bottom up rather Village Industry Service (Zambia); Economics of Humanism, New growing environmental dangers of than the top down. founder and editor of the Fourth World Politics, Small is Powerful, and Shut modern industrial life. It seemed to Review (for a world of "small nations, up and Listen. His latest book is called me the danger of world war was As an Anglican Priest how does small communities and the inalienable Village Democracy. Papworth's main growing and there was a general your faith shape your political sovereignty of the human spirit") a bi- political inspiration was the Austrian decline of public vision? philosopher Leopold Kohr. standards. I realised that a big part of the modern My faith responds to laws His international lecture tours promoting problem lay in the fact as given by Christ Himself; radical alternatives to current institutional everything, government, to love God and to love my neighbours. Our modern approaches, have drawn capacity economic systems, industries, banking had lifestyle is in absolute audiences. His French-born wife, conflict with both. We have Marcelle, died in 1995, and his children, become far too big to enable democratic control allowed it to assume a form Pierre, John-David and Marie, live in to be exercised, that a where it is vandalising London. new approach based on God’s creation and localised, non-centralised destroying historic social He created village magazine Purton control was needed. So relationships as part of its “All modern history is a tragic record Today in 2004, a local ecological in the summer of 1966 I normal workings. I want of our failure to recognise that 19th newsletter/magazine. The magazine every village or urban community to century concepts of politics and launched a bi-monthly journal statecraft, and the acceptance of contains his writing as well as Resurgence with the help of Leopold have its own parliament for its own giant national entities such as now contributions from local Purtonians, Kohr, Sir Herbert Read and Fritz local affairs; its local power must be hold sway in different parts of regarded as sacred and inviolable, Europe, in China, Russia, India, the including Adam Crosland, Sid Walker Schumacher. In 1970 I was asked USA and elsewhere, are not answers and Duncan Butler. to take up a post as Personal and the bedrock of all other powers. to our problem, they are our Assistant to the then President of problem. Their continuance can Zambia, Kenneth Kaunda, whom I What individuals or groups have only accelerate and enlarge the He currently lives in Purton, Wiltshire.” problems their very existence has had helped with my work with The inspired you? created. Far from being harbingers How much of the above Wikipedia entry Movement For Colonial Freedom. of progress they are barriers to it.” is true and how much is speculation (and For some years I edited Resurgence I have been inspired at different times by different influences. When I first - John Papworth wishful thinking) is open to debate. In from Lusaka until Satish Kumar became involved in politics I was an due course we’ll be asking John agreed to undertake the Editorship. ardent socialist and an atheist. I was monthly with an international circulation. Papworth many more questions about He proved a very capable organiser, but on my return, finding it had lost also an admirer of Soviet life. I sat In the Sixties he was imprisoned along his ideas and remarkable life. However, its hardcore political punch I felt at the feet of H.G. Wells and read with Bertrand Russell for anti-nuclear that’s for future issues. Here he is impelled to launch Fourth World most of his books, especially his protests, and also was placed in Albany interviewed by Wayne John Sturgeon, Review. History of the World. When I jail, Georgia, USA, for Civil Rights one of the new joint editors of Fourth learned the truth about Soviet Russia activities. In the 1970s and early 1980s, World Review. What is the basic mission of and how government forces had Page 32 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 33 murdered many, many millions of The Reverend John Papworth people, I wanted to know how and (pictured) is the Founder and former why. It was when I was a Labour Editor of Fourth World Review, Party parliamentary candidate in 1955 which has been described as a that I realised the members did not “journal for radical thinkers and remotely control the party and that thinking radicals.” the reason was the same for the Russian horror under Stalin; I realised John Papworth has spent decades the problem lay in the sheer size of promoting the “argument first put the party and that size had to be forward by Professor Leopold Kohr modest enough to enable genuine over half a century ago in his human control to operate. I was epochal Breakdown of Nations, encouraged to write by R.H. Tawney later popularised in Fritz whose own book Religion and The Schumacher’s Small Is Beautiful. rise of Capitalism had a big influence and I went on in 1966 to They were simply arguing that the launch Resurgence. I have never origins of the modern crisis lay in the ceased since to campaign for local fact that governments and power for local people as being the institutions (including industries), only way power could be shared and had become so large as to be controlled. I have been helped by uncontrollable under any political more people than I can ever fully label, and that the genuine record, Jayaprakash Narayan in democratic target lay in making them India, Gandhi, R.H. Tawney, Leopold smaller so people could control Kohr, Fritz Schumacher, Sir Richard them.” Body, Carlo Doglio, Peter Etherden, Sir Julian Rose, Godric Bader, 4WR is now jointly edited by Richard Baker, John Coleman, H.G. Wayne John Sturgeon and Wells, Bernard Shaw, Jesus Christ Graham Williamson. Their aim and Bertrand Russell. is to further popularise the ideas of Kohr, Schumacher and I have been a member of the Fabian Papworth and promote them to Society, The Labour Party, The a world-wide audience. Movement for Colonial Freedom, CND Committee of 100, The Church They will do this via the pages of of England and The Fourth World. this magazine, helping to found Would you prefer a ‘small is similar local publications to Purton beautiful’ cultural nationalism to Today as well as establishing a more internationalist marxist 4WR internet-based TV cosmopolitanism? and radio stations. I am not sure I can view these things in quite these alternatives. It seems to me that Marxism is an ill-thought

Page 34 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 35 out 19th century political approach I think it can be productive of nothing which has no roots in reality, whilst but trouble. The identity of a nation although smallness is an essential or of a community is its most precious aspect of genuinely free political and possession; if a government economic institutions it can also be surrenders it what is there left to quite ugly. What is vital is that people govern? should control the basic factors of organised life from the base rather Your book Village Democracy is than be subject to edicts from the promoting decentralisation. Is this top. practical in the 21st century?

Do you see any role for political You ask this question as national parties in creating genuine social and international forms of power, change? whether economic, political and social are collapsing. In the words of the Not really. Experience shows giant late Professor Leopold Kohr, “to be parties of any political colour tend to small, or not to be at all, that is the become part of the problem. People question”. Agora, Anarchy, Action! in every local community tend to be Wayne John Sturgeon talks to J. Neil Schulman different as a matter of course, a Is any form of European federalism healthy social, political and economic acceptable to you? structure will tend to reflect their J. NEIL SCHULMAN was born in Forest Hills, New York in 1953. He is differences regardless, not impose We need European boards for an award-winning author, screenwriter, and journalist. 4WR readers can artificial uniformities. The larger any matters related to health, transport, check out his blog at http://jneilschulman.rationalreview.com He's the party becomes the more insignificant trade and crime control; in each case author of ten books including three novels. One of his books is the the individual member becomes. the members of these boards should acclaimed Alongside Night – a novel intended to articulate the principles This is one reason why the main be elected from local communities. of Agorism. The book is dedicated to Samuel Edward Konkin III (SEK3) burden of decision-taking should be who founded Agorism. at the base and the absolute How does free market capitalism minimum should be taken at the top. relate to your concept of a localist, Please could you introduce necessary whenever there's more The Swiss practice this principle more regional democracy? yourself and how you become an than one person involved, or choose than any other country, the main agorist? to exile himself from others who say burden of decision-taking is at the Not at all; we must stop discussing you're too much trouble and put you level of the canton and the village economic matters as though they are I'm J. Neil Schulman. I grew up outside society, where you can't size of community, whilst the morally imperative; rather must we reading the science-fiction of Robert willfully damage them any more. minimum amount of decision-taking see that moral principles are Heinlein. One of his stories in This stuck with me so before I is at the confederal level. One result economic imperatives. particular, Coventry, expressed to started college in New York City in is that although it is in the centre of me a basic idea that I thought made 1971, my mom pointed out to me Europe which is repeatedly torn apart You ask about the future of Fourth sense: that instead of an archaic Heinlein's picture in a New York with global wars it has been at peace World Review? system of crime and punishment, Times Magazine article called The for over 200 years. someone who willfully damages New Right Credo: Libertarianism. We must see it as part of the others must either submit to When I started college one of the What do you think of mass indispensable, intellectual furniture reorientation until he understands first things I did was start a campus immigration? of the new age. n why not willfully damaging others is libertarian group. Then, when I

Page 36 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 37 looked back at the article and tracked its founder. Counter-economics is down a nearby libertarian group, I trading unsanctioned and resistant met Samuel Edward Konkin III, a to state control - usually considered post-graduate student at New York the black market, the underground University, who had started a economy, or the informal market. libertarian magazine called NYU Sam's breakthrough was to realize Libertarian Notes - later New this moving both labor and capital to Libertarian Notes. Sam immediately the black market was as much a started using me to write for and help holistic revolutionary strategy as produce his magazine, and we Marxist-Leninism, and required the became good friends. Because he same thing: an exploited class to understood that politics paid off in revolt against their exploiters, in this power, not liberty, Sam started case black-market traders who seeking out a non-political means of consciously adopted the goal of a achieving a libertarian society, society free from statist thieves and eventually focusing on counter- murderers, achieved by respect for economic activism as the means, others, honesty, and willingness to which evolved into agorism. I was settle disputes through peaceful with him and contributed to this means rather than violence. evolution. I wrote Alongside Night to be the first major work both What is the influence of Austrian showing and telling the principles of economics on Agorism? agorism. Agorism relies on the premises of Could you briefly explain what Austrian economics - specifically Agorism is for people not familiar Ludwig von Mises's theories of with the term? praxeology and his premises following earlier Austrian-school Agorism comes from the Greek word theories of marginal utility - as much for market - agora. It seeks a free as Marxism relies on economic society where all human action is theories dependent on Adam Smith's voluntary, and develops strategy and labor theory of value. Without Smith's tactics that rely only on voluntary theory of value there can be no human action - free trade to expand surplus labor value for capitalists to markets- to achieve that goal. exploit, and there goes Marxism. “Agorism comes from the Greek word for market - Agorism is directly derived from the Could you explain the significance distinctions Austrian school agora. It seeks a free society where all human of Samuel Edward Konkin III on economists make between freedom action is voluntary, and develops strategy and Agorism and his concept of and hegemony. tactics that rely only on voluntary human action - "Counter Economics"? free trade to expand markets- to achieve that goal.” To what extent if any is Agorism Samuel Edward Konkin III (SEK3) is anti-capitalist? Or is it merely a - J. Neil Schulman

Page 38 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 39 form of left wing anarcho- if the outs - when they got in - would Carson reverts to a time not only capitalism? be as abusive of power, or worse, before Mises but before Bastiat; it's than the previous ins. Rothbard was quaint but about like trading in tractors It's a semantic argument. If by SEK3's mentor and a lot of Sam's for oxen. Carson's Mutualism is the capitalism you mean the privileged, approach was trying to figure out economic equivalent of the Amish. protected partly free, partly coerced where Rothbard was going off in the Rent is a simple fee paid for exclusive corporate fascism that's called wrong direction. use of someone else's property for capitalism these days, Agorists are a set period of time, just as interest is a rental payment for the use of enemies of that. If by capitalism you Why is "Gold" so important to an underground or free economy? someone else's money for a set mean what Von Mises and Ayn Rand period of time. Profit is what's left meant by the word - laissez-faire free over when all other expenses are enterprise with no advantages It's simply a commodity that historically is popularly chosen as deducted, and that remainder is all handed out as political plums to one the incentive that exists to engage set of robber barons - then Agorism money, due to its utility for being a medium of exchange. It's an element in any production for trade. is anarcho-capitalist. that doesn't break down into Samuel Edward Konkin III. Editor of New Libertarian Notes and constituent parts, chemically reacts What do you think of Georgism - Where does Agorism differ from founder of Agorism and the concept the idea developed by Henry to very few things (especially air or of Counter Economics. the anarcho-capitalism of Murray water; gold doesn't rust), is infinitely George that in a freed market, land Rothbard? malleable; it's easily recognized and was interested in Social Credit- should not be sold as a permanent provable as gold; it's almost why did he later reject this? possession but that those who There are more similarities than impossible to counterfeit; it's pretty "own" land should pay a "single differences, but the significant and lustrous; and it has a high enough Very simply, he found Ludwig von tax" to the wider community? difference is in strategy and some value per weight of it that carrying a Mises's Human Action superior in its imagined projections of what a fully little carries a lot of value. So people arguments and reasoning. Land is no different from any other commodity. In its undeveloped state developed free-market would look are often willing to trade other things for it. In the context of the Does Agorism have anything in it's of limited human utility. Most of like. Rothbard thought large common with the economic theory its utility comes from someone acting enterprises with division of labor underground economy, it's not dependent on the government to of Distributionism? to dedicate a bounded area of land between financiers, accountants, to specific purposes, even if it's only managers and workers would survive certify its value, and its harder to track. I'm not familiar enough to make a grazing animals or preserving its the transition; SEK3 believed they detailed comparison. botanical or animal wildlife. By the were uneconomic and a free-market Could you explain the history and time you get to agriculture, mining, would evolve entirely into significance of the Gadsen Flag What’s the main differences forestry and logging, building homes independent self-employed with its slogan of "Don’t tread on between the Mutualism of Kevin and shopping centers, uncountable entrepreneurs, whether artisans or me"? Carlson and Agorism? Is it true other factors come into play, whereby service providers. It's a pedantic that Agorism would reject the the desire for land is simply one out issue to divide over in my view; let The Gadsden flag "Dont Tread on labour theory of value and accept of many subjective values in a the market be free and que sera sera. Me" with the coiled snake was the economic concepts like rent, marketplace. There's no more logic More to the point, Rothbard had no most popular flag used by the interest and profit? to imposing a single-tax on those who develop the utility of land as a consistent strategy for how to achieve Americans during the revolutionary commodity than those who take any a libertarian society. He tended to war. You just stated the differences very ally with anyone who opposed well. Labor theory of value is easily other less-useful thing and make it more useful. whoever was currently in power, even I understand that SEK3 at one time disproved junk science. Kevin Page 40 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 41 You wrote the novel Alongside envision workers co-ops taking over Night to illustrate how an agorist those government bureaus that society and revolution may occur. actually provide some useful service. Do you think the current debt There is nothing wrong with workers crisis in the USA is leading us to achieving controlling ownership in a situation akin to that described the companies they work for - in your novel? although I imagine former workers on pensions would be in competition I can't predict the future but for distribution of profits with the Alongside Night certainly is the workers who follow them. handwriting on the wall for precisely that loss of unified central What do you think of Ron Paul and government control due to their the Libertarian Party? driving away the producers and trader that constitute the host for their The Libertarian Party is occasionally redistributive parasitism. Alongside useful in expressing libertarian ideas. Rage Against the Machine: Night had a long view of economic Ron Paul is so consistently libertarian degradation due to statist interference that he makes politicians look good. The Beginning of the Luddites with economic action, and because of that a lot of its projections have KIRKPATRICK SALE is a longstanding supporter of Fourth World proved out in the real world. We are What are your current projects and Review. He is the director of the Middlebury Institute (“for the study how can one find out more about fast approaching the end game of separatism, secession, and self-determination”) and is regarded portrayed in Alongside Night in Agorism and left-libertarianism? which the United States loses its pre- as the outstanding radical writer of the USA. He is also the author, eminent position in the world due to My current project is producing and among other books, of Rebels Against the Future: The Luddites its no longer having either a powerful directing Alongside Night from my and Their War on the Industrial Revolution: Lessons for the innovative and productive economy, own screenplay adaptation. My script Computer Age. and therefore no means to dominate is faithful to the agorist premises of the world marketplace. the original novel, though I've taken TWO HUNDRED years ago, a to the workmen,” as one local the opportunity to focus and update small band of stocking-knitters in account put it, because he had What is the Agorist relationship the story a bit from the novel finished the little village of Bulwell, some installed several wide knitting to the more collectivist side of the in 1978 and published in 1979. Full four miles north of Nottingham, in frames, or looms, in his house, the anarchist movement? Would info at the official movie website at central England not far from kind that produced shoddy http://www.alongsidenightmovie. workers co-operatives and trade Sherwood Forest, gathered in the stockings that allowed one man to union syndicalist organisations com The novel is downloadable as darkness of a cloudy night, be welcome in an Agorist society? a free 30th anniversary edition PDF turn out the work of six, thus putting file from www.alongsidenight.net blackened their faces, hoisted their many knitters out of work Ultimately all property in a free society About 290,000 copies of this edition weapons - hammers, axes, pistols, throughout the area, and this in a is private; but there is no limit to the have been downloaded since June, swords, muskets - and marched in time of war-time depravation number of owners of any particular 2009.Both the New Libertarian more-or-less soldierly fashion to already. property so long as their dealings Manifesto and Agorist primer are the home of a master-weaver both with outsiders and internally is widely available. Check c4ss.org named Hollingsworth. That man The men forced themselves not coercive. In Alongside Night I and Amazon.com. n “had rendered himself obnoxious through shuttered windows and

Page 42 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 43 doors and destroyed half-a-dozen smashed the frames and some of frames, keeping the master-weaver the furniture, set fire to the house, and his wife covered with their guns, and dispersed into the night, never and then scattered into the identified, never caught. darkness. Reassembling a little farther off, each answered to a list Luddism would continue in of numbers called out by the leader, Nottinghamshire through November and when done a pistol was fired and December and into January, and they disbanded. with some 400 frames broken each month by various marauding bands, Thus, on the night of November maybe as much as £36,000 worth. 4, 1811, in the English midlands, In response the local magistrates was born the movement known as organised bands of special Luddism that would for the next two constables and persuaded London centuries be the expression to send some 900 cavalry of the everywhere of human resistance to Royal Horse Guards and a Luddites technology. thousand infantrymen of the Berkshire regular militia—the destroy To give a measure of its greatest force that had been used machinery seriousness, let us continue the in England’s history to respond to story. For a week later, the Bulwell a domestic disturbance. founded, as John Milton tells us, With Nottingham as its spark, the Luddites struck again, only this time “Luds Town, now London,” and was Luddite fires were lit outside of that Hollingsworth was prepared: he’d And still the frame-breaking “hardy, and bold in Warr,” an county, spreading north and west continued. enlisted a half-dozen of his workers appropriate model. As the working to the weaving trades in Lancashire and neighbors to stand watch with Throughout, anonymous letters population of Nottinghamshire and Yorkshire, where the movement muskets over the seven remaining were mailed and posted in the would sing that fall, solidly in support would gain strength throughout frames. When the little band towns explaining just what the of the men who were sending a 1812 and into the first month of approached the house and grievances were and invoking the signal about the ills of an Industrial 1813. There the enemy was even demanded the master weaver hand name of Edward, or Ned (or “King” Revolution that was bringing more visible and destructive: steam- over the frames, he refused, shots or “General”) Ludd, the putative emiseration and starvation in its run factories of three and four stories rang out, a fusillade of twenty shots leader of the movement. wake: that did away with cottage weaving was traded, and one weaver was and in fact employed largely women hit while trying to tear down some Authorities were certainly led to Chant no more your old rhymes and girls, leaving the men of the shutters and in moments died. His believe that there was such a about bold Robin Hood north destitute. There, too, the comrades took him to the edge of person, and tried regularly to track British army moved in with force a nearby woods and then returned, him down, but in fact there never His feats I but little admire never before seen in England and, as one account had it, “with a fury was a real man by that name. It with spies and bribes and ruthless irresistible to the force opposed to was a nom de guerre most likely I will sing the Achievements of force, eventually would cause them” and broke down the doors chosen by the workmen in memory General Ludd enough disruption in the ranks to while the family and guards of a King Lud, an historical figure break the movement and send its escaped out the back. They then of the first century B.C. who Now the Hero of Nottinghamshire leaders to the gallows.

Page 44 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 45 But in the course of their any limitations on those costs? It tumultuous 15 months, Luddite is a question that resonated bands would eventually leave a throughout the First Industrial mark that ultimately thereafter made Revolution — and it has resonated their name synonymous with the now for the last 50 years of the destruction of obnoxious machinery: Second Industrial Revolution. they broke something like 1200 machines and destroyed at least The spirit of Luddism today has six factories, about £100,000 led any number of people to draw pounds; they caused the attention to the costs of modern government to send more than technologies, particularly in terms 13,000 soldiers to the three of two crucial areas: the economic counties, paid and stationed at a costs of displacing workers with Reviews cost of at least £800,000; adding in machines and thus creating ever- the expenses borne by individual declining wages for the average Economics, The Environment, Small Nations manufacturers in defense of their worker, and the environmental costs property and losses in production of extracting, producing, marketing, & Local History transporting, and disposing of an when mills and machines were ECONOMICS UNMASKED. inoperable, and the total would increasing number of resources at By Philip B Smith & Manfred Max- come to something like £1.5 million. increasing speeds and efficiencies. We might also reflect on such Neef. Green Books, Totnes, Devon, There was a cost, of course. At effects as these: England. ISBN 978 1 900322 70 6. least 15 Luddites were killed in 2011. £12.95 skirmishes with masters or soldiers, -The technology of the 24 were tried and hanged, and 46 superhighway, cutting through cities were transported to Australia. and creating slums, cutting through Reviewed by John Papworth Relations between workers and countrysides destroying small masters were also forever poisoned, towns. A SUPERB moral analysis of If anything the argument does bringing an end in most places to modern economics, indispensable not proceed far enough, and fails the customary bonds and - The technology of the super cruise to an understanding of why to take on board the full scope of obligations between the two that liner, distorting local economies, worldwide our economic systems the political programme that is had made for workplace harmony. disrupting residents, and polluting are currently irreparably coming inescapably involved. But we But one crucial thing that the air and water. apart at the seams. From start to can’t have everything in one go finish it is a pitiless appraisal of can we? In any case, as it stands, Luddites achieved, though - The technology of huge container economists have traditionally tried why and how the moral aspects it presents a profound challenge ships, flooding American stores with of modern economic activity do to everybody and anybody with to ignore it, is the raising of what (usually useless, sometimes unsafe) was called at the time “the not begin to match up to any the remotest concern for the moral Chinese goods. recognisable system of moral direction of society, or the merest machinery question” — that is, just philosophy, and proceeds to make whisper of presumption to give what are the social, political, and Two hundred years later, the an eloquent and scholarly plea for any kind of moral leadership. economic costs of new technology, issues that the Luddites raised still forms of activity which must The authors make abundantly who is to pay them, and are there are vital for society to confront. n replace them. clear that our economic activity

Page 46 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 47 has assumed proportions and squalor and social collapse. inspirational Serbian sage and integral to the development of the directions that is not only evil Where then now is the voice of prophet of European federalism, organic movement, whether this beyond redemption but is moral leadership that might and others perhaps better known was in the esoteric framework of inevitably bound to collapse; it caution, guide, control, rebuke; such as GK Chesterton, Arthur Rudolf Steiner’s ‘Anthroposophy’ cannot possibly last because the that might plead, suggest, Pentry, John Hargrave and CH or in the more orthodox form of resources are just not in existence propose, that might campaign, Douglas. high Anglicanism with its rich that might enable it to do so. We that might demonstrate However its most important tradition of sacrementalism. are in fact, because of our own commitment, readiness to contribution is its portrayal of the Philip Conford sensitively behaviour towards those sacrifice, and display the utmost relevance of Christian thinkers in handles figures such as Rolf resources, towards the seas, the readiness to challenge the daily particular Philip Moriet, who edited Gardiner, Hilarie Belloc, HJ land, the soil, the air, the forests, round of evil with the message of a journal called New and founded Massingham and Jorian Jenks in the fish, the decimation of the a new way of life that can restore ‘The Chandos Group’ to promote a way which is refreshing to see. genetic variety of animal, bird and sanity, morality and the holiness a traditionalist Anglo-Catholic He maintains a balanced and insect life and the senseless of the sacred? That might give husbandry. This synthesis of objective view throughout in what squandering of the planet’s some vitality and integrity to the Anglo-Catholicism with ecology amounts to a very well researched mineral resources, coupled with rituals of current religious routines, was developed in an attempt to and referenced book. It provides the mindless multiplication of our as well as some inspiration and apply the social theology of the a definitive account of a counter own numbers, making it inevitable justifiable optimism in place of the medieval church to industrial and cultural Britain engaged in that many millions are doomed to cynicism and despair that now all environmental problems. The ecological social radicalism that perish from hunger, disease, too often prevails? n author convincingly shows that in has been largely ignored by the the30s and 40s,Christianity was modern day green movement. n THE ORIGINS OF THE ORGANIC MOVEMENT SONS OF THE ERMINE By Philip Conford (with a Foreword By Jean Pierre le Mat. An by Jonathan Dimbleby). Floris Books, Edinburgh, Scotland. ISBN 9- Clochan, Belfast, Ulster. ISBN 1- 780863153-36-5. 2001. £20.00. 900286-01-7. £3.50.

Reviewed by Wayne John Sturgeon. Reviewed by David Kerr. THIS IS a rare book in that it seeks 1950s. THERE HAVE BEEN FEW if any, the French Revolution of 1789 to cover a very neglected area of Conford includes ideas such as English language histories of the was never too welcome there. I British radical history. It explores Guild Socialism, Distributionism, Breton nation. Peter Berresford knew a few details about the in detail the key thinkers and Social Credit and Ellis gave a brief sketch in The growth of cultural and political influences behind early 20th Mosleyite Corporatism. It features Celtic Revolution and his more Breton nationalism in the last century alternative theories of and introduces many significant recent book The Celtic Dawn but hundred years or so but little else. national husbandry and individuals involved in what could these works were pan-Celtic in Britanny, although a kindred agriculture. Often these went be described as the original scope. I knew that Breizh country, was one of which I knew hand in hand with economic ‘English Green’. These include (Britanny) was one of the British little. visions of monetary reform - AR Orage and the New Age family of nations that had become This large pamphlet fills in the especially during the 1920s - publication, Dimitri Mitrinovic - the a part of the French state and that gaps in my knowledge. I learned Page 48 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 49 how the Amorican peninsula held This book gives us tales of a geographical manner – starting is epitomised by the involvement out against the Romans and of intrigue and treachery, heroism with Belfast Castle and ending in its story (at various times) of a the strong links with Cornwall to and dedication. At only f3.95 it is with Black Head Lighthouse. It German General (Fredreich the north. The Cornish-Breton a real bargain. Ulster-nationalists means that readers can ‘do a tour’ Schomberg), a former Dutch relations reminded me of the of the area. Sites visited have Prince (King William III), a French should realise that there are other two pages devoted to them – one Commodore (Thurot) and an similar links between Ulster and nations trapped within the Scotland. I learned about the of text, the other an excellent American Privateer (John Paul centralised states of Europe. In wealth of Britanny in the Middle painting of the subject matter. Jones) who is credited with being Ages, and of its steady decline in the last decade, several of these This combination works really well, the ‘founding father’ of the the face of encroachments from in eastern and central Europe it makes you want to turn the page American navy”. its more powerful southern have broken free. Those in the to find out what’s next on the ‘tour’! The book also takes in the statue neighbour. Eventually the French west - Britanny, Flanders and There are a lot of areas that of King Billy, Carrickfergus Town Scotland to name a few - are still would be of great interest to those Hall and The Andrew Jackson Crown assumed full sovereignty who want to know more about Centre. over Britanny. awaiting their day. n Carrickfergus itself. For instance, It ends with another detailed Carrick gets its name from Fergus history lesson, The People of the BY THE LOUGH’S NORTH SHORE – the son of Eric of Armoy – who North Shore Part II. This looks Paintings by John J Marshall. Text left Ulster to form a kingdom in in some detail at the Norman by Robert Armstrong. Cottage Scotland but because he suffered influence in Ulster. The Plantation, Publications, Donaghadee. 2002. from leprosy returned from time King William III, the United ISBN 1-900935-28-7 to time to bathe in a well which Irishmen, Home Rule, the Somme apparently had healing properties. are also examined. There’s some On one of these visits he was interesting social history as well shipwrecked on the rock, on which – such as the development of Reviewed by John Field the castle is built thereby creating Rathcoole and the rise and fall of the name ‘Carrickfergus’, meaning multinational companies such as FEATURING a lovely padded The book starts with an extensive ‘the rock of Fergus’. Incidentally, ICI at Kilroot. cover and full of beautiful and fascinating history lesson. it’s believed that Fergus’ healing By The Lough’s North Shore illustrations, By The Lough’sEntitled The People of the North well is the one still surviving within provides an excellent snapshot of North Shore is an excellent read. Shore Part 1 it recounts how - the Castle. the general South East Antrim It forms part of a much- around 7000 BC - nomadic people And there’s no doubting the area. It’s guaranteed to make complimented illustrated book travelled across Europe searching importance of this site: readers want to learn more about series on various areas of Ulster for a new homeland. It’s believed “The importance of Carrickfergus the general area and the specific and Eire. that they first set foot in the area Castle in a international context sites it highlights. n By The Lough’s North Shore around Larne. The history lesson would be of great interest to continues with a detailed look at anyone who knows the general the invasion of the Celts (in the South East Antrim area – 5th century BC) and the specifically Carrickfergus - as it introduction of Christianity by prominently features Carrick Patrick in the 4th Century and the Castle, the Andrew Jackson later arrival of the Vikings and their Centre and the King Billy statue descendants, the Normans. by the castle. The book is cleverly set out in

Page 50 Fourth World Review Fourth World Review Page 51 The one to act is me, The place to act is here, And the time to act is now

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