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Om Mäns Pro- Och Antifeministiska Engagemang Om mäns pro- och antifeministiska engagemang Jonas Mollwing Pedagogiska institutionen Umeå centrum för genusstudier, Genusforskarskolan Umeå 2021 Detta verk är skyddat av svensk upphovsrätt (Lag 1960:729) Avhandling för filosofie doktorsexamen ISBN: 978-91-7855-477-5 (print) ISBN: 978-91-7855-478-2 (pdf) ISSN: 0281-6768 Akademiska avhandlingar vid Pedagogiska institutionen, Umeå universitet; nr 127 Omslag: Gabriella Dekombis, Umeå universitet Elektronisk version tillgänglig på: http://umu.diva-portal.org/ Tryck: Cityprint i Norr AB Umeå, Sverige 2021 Till Njord, Egil, Freja och Sol Innehållsförteckning Introduktion ...................................................................................... 1 Inledning ........................................................................................................................... 1 Profeminism och antifeminism ................................................................................ 4 Syfte och frågeställningar ......................................................................................... 7 Avhandlingens disposition ........................................................................................ 7 Vetenskapligt förhållningssätt ........................................................................................ 9 Vetenskapsfilosofiska antaganden........................................................................... 9 Kunskapens dimensioner .................................................................................... 9 Verklighetens djup .............................................................................................. 10 Emergenta krafter ............................................................................................... 10 Generell analytisk teori ............................................................................................ 11 Sociokulturella krafter ........................................................................................ 11 Mänskliga krafter ................................................................................................ 13 Specifika analysverktyg........................................................................................... 14 Genusordning och genuskontrakt ...................................................................... 15 Intresseskillnader i genusordningen.................................................................. 18 Hegemonisk maskulinitet................................................................................... 19 Marginaliserad maskulinitet ............................................................................. 22 Jämställd maskulinitet? .................................................................................... 23 Kapitalism och industrialism ............................................................................ 25 Kärlekens exploatering ....................................................................................... 27 Upplysning och liberalism ................................................................................. 30 Konservatism ...................................................................................................... 31 Feminism ........................................................................................................... 32 Material och metod ........................................................................................................ 34 Empiriinsamlingen ................................................................................................. 34 Intervjuer ..................................................................................................................35 Sociala medier ......................................................................................................... 36 Traditionella medier ................................................................................................ 37 Individskyddskravet ................................................................................................ 37 Empirins presentation ............................................................................................ 38 Skilda empiriska tyngdpunkter.............................................................................. 40 Tolkning av empirin ................................................................................................ 40 Modellkonstruktionen .............................................................................................. 41 Bakgrund och tidigare forskning .................................................... 44 Jämställdhetspolitik i Sverige ....................................................................................... 44 Svenska jämställdhetsutredningar ............................................................................... 46 Nivån av jämställdhet i Sverige idag .............................................................................. 47 Jämn fördelning av makt och inflytande ............................................................... 47 Ekonomisk jämställdhet ......................................................................................... 48 Jämställd utbildning ............................................................................................... 49 Jämn fördelning av det obetalda hem- och omsorgsarbetet................................ 50 Jämställd hälsa ........................................................................................................ 51 Mäns våld mot kvinnor ska upphöra ..................................................................... 52 Mäns attityder till jämställdhet ..................................................................................... 54 Mäns engagemang för och mot feminism .................................................................... 56 Profeminism ............................................................................................................. 57 Profeministiskt engagemang i praktiken .......................................................... 58 Uppkomsten av profeministiskt engagemang ................................................... 61 Mäns möjligheter att bidra till feminismen ...................................................... 62 Feministiska kvinnors syn på män .................................................................... 64 Konservativ antifeminism ...................................................................................... 66 Högerpopulistisk antifeminism ........................................................................ 66 Alt-right-rörelsen ............................................................................................... 68 Mytopoetisk antifeminism ................................................................................ 69 Liberal antifeminism ................................................................................................ 71 Kampen för mäns frigörelse ............................................................................... 71 Ifrågasättande av mäns överordning ................................................................. 72 Mansrättsrörelsen ............................................................................................... 74 Manosfären ......................................................................................................... 76 Mitt bidrag till forskningen ............................................................................................ 79 Feminism som möjliggörande ......................................................... 80 Viljan att förbättra kvinnors liv ..................................................................................... 80 Att se kvinnors utsatthet ......................................................................................... 82 Att dela en kvinnas feministiska engagemang...................................................... 85 Genusvetenskapligt uppvaknande ......................................................................... 88 Viljan att förbättra mäns liv .......................................................................................... 89 Förlorar män på jämställdhet? .............................................................................. 90 Att undslippa destruktiv manlighet ....................................................................... 93 Genom att förändra män ............................................................................................... 98 Från ord till handling ............................................................................................. 99 Stormande känslor ................................................................................................. 101 Potentiella våldtäktsmän .......................................................................................104 En jämställd sexualitet? ........................................................................................ 108 Ansvar för hem och barn ....................................................................................... 114 Kroppsliga förändringar ....................................................................................... 120 Sammanfattning ........................................................................................................... 123 Viljan att förbättra kvinnors liv ............................................................................ 123 Viljan att förbättra mäns liv ................................................................................
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