Introduction by Imre Galambos
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Orthography of Early Chinese Writing: Evidence from Newly Excavated Manuscripts
IMRE GALAMBOS ORTHOGRAPHY OF EARLY CHINESE WRITING: EVIDENCE FROM NEWLY EXCAVATED MANUSCRIPTS BUDAPEST MONOGRAPHS IN EAST ASIAN STUDIES SERIES EDITOR: IMRE HAMAR IMRE GALAMBOS ORTHOGRAPHY OF EARLY CHINESE WRITING: EVIDENCE FROM NEWLY EXCAVATED MANUSCRIPTS DEPARTMENT OF EAST ASIAN STUDIES, EÖTVÖS LORÁND UNIVERSITY BUDAPEST 2006 The present volume was published with the support of the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation. © Imre Galambos, 2006 ISBN 963 463 811 2 ISSN 1787-7482 Responsible for the edition: Imre Hamar Megjelent a Balassi Kiadó gondozásában (???) A nyomdai munkálatokat (???)a Dabas-Jegyzet Kft. végezte Felelős vezető Marosi Györgyné ügyvezető igazgató CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. vii Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER ONE FORMER UNDERSTANDINGS ..................................................................................... 11 1.1 Traditional views ........................................................................................... 12 1.1.1 Ganlu Zishu ........................................................................................ 13 1.1.2 Hanjian .............................................................................................. 15 1.2 Modern views ................................................................................................ 20 1.2.1 Noel Barnard ..................................................................................... -
Transfer of Buddhism Across Central Asian Networks (7Th to 13Th Centuries)
Transfer of Buddhism Across Central Asian Networks (7th to 13th Centuries) Edited by Carmen Meinert LEIDEN | BOSTON For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV Contents Acknowledgements vii List of Illustrations, Maps and Tables viii General Abbreviations xi Bibliographical Abbreviations xii Notes on Contributors xiv Introduction—Dynamics of Buddhist Transfer in Central Asia 1 Carmen Meinert Changing Political and Religious Contexts in Central Asia on a Micro-Historical Level 1 Changing Relations between Administration, Clergy and Lay People in Eastern Central Asia: A Case Study according to the Dunhuang Manuscripts Referring to the Transition from Tibetan to Local Rule in Dunhuang, 8th–11th Centuries 19 Gertraud Taenzer Textual Transfer 2 Tibetan Buddhism in Central Asia: Geopolitics and Group Dynamics 57 Sam van Schaik 3 The Transmission of Sanskrit Manuscripts from India to Tibet: The Case of a Manuscript Collection in the Possession of Atiśa Dīpaṃkaraśrījñāna (980–1054) 82 Kazuo Kano Visual Transfer 4 The Tibetan Himalayan Style: Considering the Central Asian Connection 121 Linda Lojda, Deborah Klimburg-Salter and Monica Strinu For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV vi contents 5 Origins of the Kashmiri Style in the Western Himalayas: Sculpture of the 7th–11th Centuries 147 Rob Linrothe Transfer Agents 6 Buddhism in the West Uyghur Kingdom and Beyond 191 Jens Wilkens 7 Esoteric Buddhism at the Crossroads: Religious Dynamics at Dunhuang, 9th–10th Centuries 250 Henrik H. Sørensen Bibliography 285 Index 320 For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV Chapter 2 Tibetan Buddhism in Central Asia: Geopolitics and Group Dynamics Sam van Schaik 1 Introduction1 Tibetan Buddhism has played an important role in Asian politics from the 8th century to the present day. -
Sir Gerard Clauson and His Skeleton Tangut Dictionary Imre Galambos
Sir Gerard Clauson and his Skeleton Tangut Dictionary Imre Galambos Sir Gerard Leslie Makins Clauson (1891–1974) worked most of his life as a civil servant and conducted academic research in his spare time.1 Only after retiring in 1951 at the age of 60 was he able to devote his full attention to scholarly endeavours, which were primarily focussed on Turkish languages. Thus as a scholar, today he is primarily remembered for his contribution to Turkish studies, and his Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish is still an essential reference tool in the field.2 Yet in addition to his study of Turkish and Mongolian linguistics, he also worked on a number of other Asian languages, including Tangut. Even though his extensive list of publications includes a small number of items related to Tangut studies,3 he devoted an incredible amount of time and effort to studying the language and to compiling a dictionary. He never finished the dictionary but deposited a draft version along with his notes in seven large volumes at the Library of the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), so that they would be available to anyone who wished to study Tangut and perhaps continue his research. Eric Grinstead, who used the dictionary when working on the Tangut manuscripts at the British Museum, called it “a paragon of excellence” in comparison with high level of errors in dictionaries available at the time.4 Indeed, the erudition of Clauson’s dictionary is obvious even upon a cursory look at the manuscript version and had it ever been published, it would have undoubtedly made a major impact on scholarship. -
Royal Asiatic Society
ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN & IRELAND (FOUNDED MARCH, 1823) LIST OF MEMBERS 1959 PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY 56 QUEEN ANNE STREET LONDON W. 1 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.202.126, on 30 Sep 2021 at 11:37:45, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035869X00117630 PRESIDENTS OF THE SOCIETY SINCE ITS FOUNDATION 1823 RT. HON. CHARLES WATKIN WILLIAMS WYNN, M.P. 1841 RT. HON. THE EARL OF MUNSTER. 1842 RT. HON. THE LORD FITZGERALD AND VESEY. 1843 RT. HON. THE EARL OF AUCKLAND. 1849 RT. HON. THE EARL OF ELLESMERE. 1852 RT. HON. THE EARL ASHBURTON. 1855 PROFESSOR HORACE HAYMAN WILSON. 1859 COLONEL WILLIAM HENRY SYKES, M.P. 1861 RT. HON. THE VISCOUNT STRANGFORD. 1864 SIR THOMAS EDWARD COLEBROOKE, BART., M.P. 1867 RT. HON. THE VISCOUNT STRANGFORD. 1869 SIR T. E. COLEBROOKE, BART. 1869 MAJOR-GENERAL SIR HENRY CRESWICKE RAWLINSON, BART. 1871 SIR T. E. COLEBROOKE, BART. 1872 SIR HENRY BARTLE EDWARD FRERE. 1875 SIR T. E. COLEBROOKE, BART. 1878 MAJOR-GENERAL SIR H. C. RAWLINSON, BART. 1881 SIR T. E. COLEBROOKE, BART. 1882 SIR H. B. E. FRERE. 1884 SIR WILLIAM MUIR. 1885 COLONEL SIR HENRY YULE. 1887 SIR THOMAS FRANCIS WADE. 1890 RT. HON. THE EARL OF NORTHBROOK. 1893 RT. HON. THE LORD REAY. 1921 LIEUT.-COL. SIR RICHARD CARNAC TEMPLE. BART. 1922 RT. HON. THE LORD CHALMERS. 1925 SIR EDWARD D. MACLAGAN. 1928 THE MOST HON. THE MARQUESS OF ZETLAND. 1931 SIR E. -
An English Boy in Chinese Turkestan: the Story of Orlando Hobbs
An English Boy in Chinese Turkestan: The Story of Orlando Hobbs Imre Galambos During the first decades of the 20th century, Chinese Central Asia became the scene for archaeological enterprises led by foreign explorers and scholars. Besides exploration carried out by leading European powers, the Japanese also joined the race for antiquities with a series of ambitious expeditions organized by Count Ōtani Kōzui 大谷光瑞 (1876–1948), the head of one of Japan’s largest Buddhist organizations. The last of these expeditions was lead by a young monk called Tachibana Zuichō 橘瑞超 (1890–1968), coming to Central Asia from London with a 16-year old English assistant, Orlando Hobbs (1894–1911). Within a few months of their arrival, however, Hobbs contracted smallpox and died. Although practically nothing was known about who this teenage boy was and where he came from, the accidental discovery of his alma mater in the town of Swindon (Wiltshire) made it possible to locate some unknown material related to the expedition. This paper presents this material and points out its significance for the study of the history of Japanese exploration of Central Asia. In addition, Hobbs’ background provides a glimpse of the human side of these events. 1 Tachibana and the Ōtani Expeditions The ‘Great Game’ played between Britain and Russia for dominance over Central Asia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries is a fascinating episode in modern history. One of the last regions where British and Russian interests 82 SOS 10 · 1 (2011) clashed was China’s westernmost province of Xinjiang 新疆 (‘New Dominion’),1 at the time commonly known in Western literature as Chinese Turkestan. -
Langdon Warner at Dunhuang: What Really Happened? by Justin M
ISSN 2152-7237 (print) ISSN 2153-2060 (online) The Silk Road Volume 11 2013 Contents In Memoriam ........................................................................................................................................................... [iii] Langdon Warner at Dunhuang: What Really Happened? by Justin M. Jacobs ............................................................................................................................ 1 Metallurgy and Technology of the Hunnic Gold Hoard from Nagyszéksós, by Alessandra Giumlia-Mair ......................................................................................................... 12 New Discoveries of Rock Art in Afghanistan’s Wakhan Corridor and Pamir: A Preliminary Study, by John Mock .................................................................................................................................. 36 On the Interpretation of Certain Images on Deer Stones, by Sergei S. Miniaev ....................................................................................................................... 54 Tamgas, a Code of the Steppes. Identity Marks and Writing among the Ancient Iranians, by Niccolò Manassero .................................................................................................................... 60 Some Observations on Depictions of Early Turkic Costume, by Sergey A. Yatsenko .................................................................................................................... 70 The Relations between China and India -
Areal Script Form Patterns with Chinese Characteristics James Myers
Areal script form patterns with Chinese characteristics James Myers National Chung Cheng University http://personal.ccu.edu.tw/~lngmyers/ To appear in Written Language & Literacy This study was made possible through a grant from Taiwan’s Ministry of Science and Technology (103-2410-H-194-119-MY3). Iwano Mariko helped with katakana and Minju Kim with hangul, while Tsung-Ying Chen, Daniel Harbour, Sven Osterkamp, two anonymous reviewers and the special issue editors provided all sorts of useful suggestions as well. Abstract It has often been claimed that writing systems have formal grammars structurally analogous to those of spoken and signed phonology. This paper demonstrates one consequence of this analogy for Chinese script and the writing systems that it has influenced: as with phonology, areal script patterns include the borrowing of formal regularities, not just of formal elements or interpretive functions. Whether particular formal Chinese script regularities were borrowed, modified, or ignored also turns out not to depend on functional typology (in morphemic/syllabic Tangut script, moraic Japanese katakana, and featural/phonemic/syllabic Korean hangul) but on the benefits of making the borrowing system visually distinct from Chinese, the relative productivity of the regularities within Chinese character grammar, and the level at which the borrowing takes place. Keywords: Chinese characters, Tangut script, Japanese katakana, Korean hangul, writing system grammar, script outer form, areal patterns 1. Areal phonological patterns and areal script patterns Sinoform writing systems look Chinese, even when they are functionally quite different. The visual traits of non-logographic Japanese katakana and Korean hangul are nontrivially like those of logographic Chinese script, as are those of the logographic but structurally unique script of Tangut, an extinct Tibeto-Burman language of what is now north-central China. -
Information to Users
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. ProQuest Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ILL-FATED’ SONS OF THE ‘NATION’: OTTOMAN PRISONERS OF WAR IN RUSSIA AND EGYPT, 1914-1922 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Yucel Yarukdag. -
Honours Thesis
The Xixia Writing System Bachelor of Arts Honours Thesis Alan Downes 89253388 Supervisor: Professor Daniel Kane Macquarie University November 26, 2008 Abstract The Xixia were an independent state established during the Song dynasty within the borders of present-day China. They developed a script that rivals Chinese in its complexity. The methods that have been historically used to describe characters are presented. A new method called the recursive radical method is then developed to exactly describe the structure of a Xixia character based on its components. This is then further developed into a transliteration method for the characters. Dictionaries are built up based on this transliteration method. A categorical dictionary for the Xixia characters is also presented. The grammar of the Xixia language is briefly outlined before finishing with an overview of the Xixia research literature. Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Character Description Methods7 2.1 Radical-Based Systems..................................7 2.2 Four Corners Method..................................8 2.3 Nishida Tatsuo's Structural Approach......................... 12 2.4 Recursive Index for Xixia................................ 13 2.5 Recursive Index for Chinese............................... 20 2.6 Transliteration Scheme.................................. 20 3 Xixia Dictionaries 26 3.1 Categorical Dictionary.................................. 26 3.2 Transliteration Dictionary................................ 26 3.3 Suffix Dictionary..................................... 27 3.4 -
Proposal to Encode Obsolete Simplified Chinese Characters Page 1
Proposal to Encode Obsolete Simplified Chinese Characters Page 1 Title: Proposal to Encode Obsolete Simplified Chinese Characters Source: Andrew West Date: 2009-08-01 Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 2. First Batch Simplified Characters (1935) ........................................................................................................................ 2 2.1. Background ................................................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2. Table of First Batch Simplified Characters ................................................................................................................... 3 3. Singapore Simplified Characters (1969) ........................................................................................................................ 18 3.1. Background ................................................................................................................................................................. 18 3.2. Table of Singapore Simplifications ............................................................................................................................. 18 4. Second Stage Simplified Characters (1977) ................................................................................................................... 22 4.1. -
Studies in Chinese Manuscripts: from the Warring States Period to the 20Th Century
BUDAPEST MONOGRAPHS IN EAST ASIAN STUDIES 4 STUDIES IN CHINESE MANUSCRIPTS: FROM THE WARRING STATES PERIOD TO THE 20TH CENTURY EDITED BY IMRE GALAMBOS STUDIES IN CHINESE MANUSCRIPTS: FROM THE WARRING STATES PERIOD TO THE 20TH CENTURY EDITED BY IMRE GALAMBOS INSTITUTE OF EAST ASIAN STUDIES, EÖTVÖS LORÁND UNIVERSITY BUDAPEST 2013 WAS THE PLATFORM STRA ALWAYS A STRA? Was the Platform Stra Always a Stra? Studies in the Textual Features of the Platform Scripture Manuscripts from Dnhuáng CHRISTOPH ANDERL Among the manuscripts found at Dnhuáng 敦煌, there are several copies and fragments of the so-called Platform Stra of the Sixth Patriarch,1 one of the key texts of Chinese Chán Buddhism. This text had a crucial role in creating the image of the ‘Southern School’ of Chán, establishing Huìnéng 慧能/能 – described as an illiterate lay person who became enlightened intuitively when he heard the recitation of the Diamond Stra2 – as the Sixth Patriarch. In addition, the stra was also significant for constructing a transmission lineage of Indian and Chinese patriarchs (based on previ- 1 I want to express my special gratitude to Sam van Schaik and Carmen Meinert for providing many insightful comments on a draft version of the paper. I am also very much indebted to Imre Galambos for his helpful comments and editing sugges- tions. The illustrations of manuscript S.5475 (i.e. Or.8210/S.5475) are reproduced with kind permission of the British Library. When quoting secondary literature, in order to maintain consistency of presentation, the transcription of terms and proper names have been transferred to pīnyīn; occasionally, additional informa- tion such as Chinese characters are provided in square brackets within citations. -
Sir Gerard Clauson and His Skeleton Tangut Dictionary
CORPUS TEXTORUM TANGUTORUM Volume 1 ————— Gerard Clauson’s Skeleton Tangut (Hsi Hsia) Dictionary A facsimile edition With an Introduction by Imre Galambos With Editorial notes and an Index by Andrew West Prepared for publication by Michael Everson evertype 2016 Published by Evertype, 73 Woodgrove, Portlaoise, R32 ENP6, Ireland. www.evertype.com. This edition © 2016 Michael Everson. Introduction © 2016 Imre Galambos. Editorial notes © 2016 Andrew West. Dictionary © 1974 Estate of Gerard Clauson. First edition 2016. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the Publisher, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN-10 1-78201-167-6 ISBN-13 978-1-78201-167-5 Typeset in Baskerville by Michael Everson. Cover design by Michael Everson. The cover image is folio 53b of the Homophones (Tóngyīn 同音) edition B collected from Khara-khoto by Aurel Stein in 1914. © The British Library Board. Or.12380/3116. The frontispiece photograph of Gerard Clauson was taken in June 1945 by Walter Stoneman (1876–1958). © National Portrait Gallery, London. Printed and bound by LightningSource. iv INTRODUCTION Sir Gerard Clauson and his Skeleton Tangut Dictionary Sir Gerard Leslie Makins Clauson (1891–1974) worked most of his life as a civil servant and conducted academic research in his spare time.1 Only after retiring in 1951 at the age of 60 was he able to devote his full attention to scholarly endeavours, which were primarily focussed on Turkic languages.