DOCSLIB.ORG

PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/145941 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-10-09 and may be subject to change. w Refined CO-Laser Photoacoustic Trace Gas Detection; Observation of Anaerobic Processes in Insects, Soil and Fruit Frans Bijnen Refined CO-laser Photoacoustic Trace Gas Detection; Observation of Anaerobic Processes in Insects, Soil and Fruit CIP-GEGEVENS KONINKLIJKE BIBLIOTHEEK, DEN HAAG Bijnen, Franciscus Godefridus Casper Refined CO-laser photoacoustic trace gas detection; observation of anaerobic processes in insects, soil and fruit Franciscus Godefridus Casper Bijnen. - [S.l. : s.n.]. - 111. Proefschrift Nijmegen. - Met lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands. ISBN 90-9008120-8 Trefw.: laser spectroscopy / laser techniques / trace gas detection / entomology / plant physiology / microbiology Refined CO-Laser Photoacoustic Trace Gas Detection; Observation of Anaerobic Processes in Insects, Soil and Fruit een wetenschappelijke proeve op het gebied van de Natuurwetenschappen PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen, volgens besluit van het College van Decanen in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 17 maart 1995, des namiddags te 1.30 uur precies door Franciscus Godefridus Casper Bijnen geboren op 10 januari 1965 te Waalre Promotor : Prof. Dr. J. Reuss Co-Promotores : Dr. F.J.M. Harren Dr. J.H.P. Hackstein This work has been made possible through the financial support of the Catholic University of Nijmegen (KUN), the European Union (EU) and the Dutch Technology Foundation (STW). Voorwoord Binnen vier jaar is heel wat op te zetten, te onderzoeken en te analyseren. Dat hebben we dan ook uitgebreid gedaan. De vruchten daarvan liggen nu voor uw ogen; het zijn vruchten geworden van diverse pluimage waaraan ik met veel plezier onderzoek heb mogen verrichten. Niet altijd ging het van een leien dakje, maar bij tegenslag waren gelukkig altijd de juiste mensen op de juiste plaatsen aanwezig om een enthousiasteling in nood te helpen. Dankzij hen kon ik weer met goede moed aan de slag. De wil derhalve deze ruimte gebruiken om daar een woord van dank tegenover te zetten. Allereerst mijn promotor, Jörg Reuss. Ik heb van zijn open houding om steeds weer nieuw onderzoek aan te pakken erg veel geleerd. Wonderbaarlijk vond ik zijn enthousiasme dat juist, bij de kleinste nieuwe biologische snoepjes die we vonden, het grootst was. Het heeft de nodige tijd geduurd maar uiteindelijk heeft dit gevoel ook bij mij voet aan de grond gekregen. Mijn co-promotor Frans Harren voor zijn stabiliserende inbreng als het me allemaal even te veel werd. Hij was een oor en steun voor mijn problemen die ik had bij het temmen van het grootste en gewelddadigste "beest" uit mijn onderzoek, de CO-laser. Fotoakoestiek zal onder zijn leiding een zonnige toekomst tegemoet gaan. Mijn andere co-promotor, Johannes Hackstein van de afdeling microbiologie, bleef "riekende" snoepjes aandragen om het 'Ïeest" te voeden. Mede dankzij zijn gigantische voorraad, waarvan we er slechts enkele hebben kunnen nuttigen, is het boekje dik geworden. Thanks to Paul Kestler for his effort to help me understand even the smallest breath of a cockroach Periplaneta americana. Franz Rothfuss for the fine two weeks he spend in Nijmegen and the knowledge he passed on to me about highly structured mud. He convinced me biologists could also work with the CO-laser "beast", although the day he left it died again. Huug, uitstekende collega en man van de tomaten. Zoals men kan zien heeft zijn overtuiging ook bij mij sporen achter gelaten. When finally multi-component analysis of gases was feasable I had no more time to perform experiments. Then, Hannah Zuckermann came as an angel out of the blue Israelian sky. With enthousiasm and skill she performed and analyzed the, so desperately wanted, measurements on tomatoes. There is a great future for her in photoacoustics, I hope. Cor Sikkens en Frans van Rijn, door jullie kon ik raak schieten. We hebben samen interessante technische problemen opgelost. Jullie vakkundige en fantasierijke hulp zijn voor mij uiterst belangrijk geweest. Bedankt ook Annette van der Heijden, John Holtkamp en Chris Timmer voor de positieve inbreng, Teun Diels voor het (gelukkig) vrij vertalen van technische wensen naar constructie tekeningen, Japie Nieboer voor de vakkundige omzetting ervan naar fijnmetaal en Harry Visschers voor het zwaardere werk, Jos Haerkens voor het steeds weer nieuw leven in blazen in het "beest", Harry Schoutissen voor het "alles" kunnende computer sturings programma, Rob Kasman voor het construeren van flinterdunne microfoon membraantjes. Ferry Derksen voor de hulp in de beginfase toen ik het allemaal nog zelf moest bouwen, Michel Peters, Wim Schut, Harry Verscharen en Harry van Brakel voor meedenken en bouwen aan de thermoakoestische resonator, Jan Peters voor de illustraties die uitgebreid in dit boekje zijn te bewonderen en Erik Mansvelders voor 3-D design. Dank ook aan de (ex)studenten die allen stenen hebben bijgedragen. Johan v. Dongen voor het doorzettingsvermogen waarmee hij ondanks tegenslag de draad met hernieuwde inzet oppakte, Theo Brugman voor zijn voorbereidende metingen en onze nep ruzies, Erwin Mateman voor het laten fluctueren van tomaten, John Peeters voor de "koelte" en de power en Ron Raangs voor het succesvol pesten van insekten en steun bij de laatste eindjes, mijn "half studenten Martijn v. Opbergen en Albert Martis voor het uitproberen van nieuwe ontwikkelingen en het aanhoren van mijn (on)mogelijke oplossingen. Dank ook aan Jos, Lucas, Mark, Daniela, Ger, Arjen, Sacco, Nico, Richard, Robert en Mathilde voor de goede sfeer die er bijna altijd onderling heeft geheerst. Tevens alle andere medewerkers en studenten van de afdeling Molecuul- en laserfysica voor de fijne en leerzame tijd. Steun in moeilijke tijden kwam van Marronne, vrienden en natuurlijk van mijn ouders, die me altijd gesteund hebben in mijn keuzes. Refined CO-Laser Photoacoustic Trace gas Detection: Observation of Anaerobic... Contents 1 General introduction 1 1 Trace gases 1 2 The Photoacoustic technique 4 3 Outline of this thesis 5 2 Geometrical optimization of a longitudinal resonant photoacoustic cell; sensitive and fast trace gas detection with an intracavity CO2 waveguide laser setup; its application to cherry tomatoes 9 1 Introduction 10 2 Theory 10 2.1 Acoustical basics 10 2.2 Acoustic transmission line theory 12 2.3 Coupling between circuit elements 14 2.4 Coupling lumped elements to the transmission line 16 3 Experiment 17 3.1 General experimental arrangement 17 3.2 Optimization of buffer dimensions 19 3.2.1 Radius of buffer 20 3.2.2 Length of buffers 21 3.3 Tunable air columns at windows 22 3.4 Coupling of a 1 inch condenser microphone 25 3.5 Trace gas inlet 26 3.6 Non-resonant cell 27 3.7 Limitations of developed model in predicting experimental results 28 4 Optimal detector design, a recipe 28 4.1 Non-resonant cell 29 4.2 Longitudinal resonant cell 30 5 Ethylene release from cherry tomatoes 34 5.1 Introduction 34 5.2 Material and methods 34 5.3 Results 36 5.4 Discussion 39 Appendix: Input impedance of condenser microphone 42 References 45 χ. Contents 3 Intracavity CO-Laser photoacoustic trace gas detection; cyclic CH4, H20 and СО2 emission by cockroaches 47 1 Introduction 48 2 Experimental 49 2 1 The CO-Iaser 49 2 1 1 General 49 2 1 2 Operating conditions 50 2 2 PA detection of trace gases 53 2 2 1 The PA cell 53 2 2 2 Detection limits 55 2 2 3 Row characteristics 58 3 Measurements on the gas exchange of insects 60 3 I Introduction 60 3 1 1 Gas exchange by Breathing 60 3 1 2 CH4 production 62 3 2 Experimental design 62 3 3 Results 64 3 4 Short discussion of the biological measurements 66 4 Conclusions 68 References 68 4 Multi-component analysis by three photoacoustic cells intracavity of a CO- laser; observation of anaerobic and post-anoxic processes in cherry tomatoes 69 1 Introduction 70 2 The CO-laser 71 3 The triple PA cell 73 4 Absorption coefficients 76 5 Multi-component calculus 79 6 Trace gas flows for measurements on cherry tomatoes 80 7 Gas exchange of Cherry Tomatoes under aerobic/anaerobic conditions 83 7 1 Introduction 83 7 2 Method 83 7 3 Material 84 7 4 Results 85 7 4 1 Aerobic to anaerobic transition 85 7 4 2 Anaerobic to aerobic transition 86 7 4 3 Repeated aerobic to anaerobic transition 87 7 4 4 Distinction between stem-pencarp gas-exchange 88 7 5 Discussion 90 Contents XI 7.5.1 Aerobic conditions 90 7.5.2 Anoxia 90 7.5.3 Post-anoxia 92 8 Conclusions 94 References 95 5 Thermoacoustic amplification of photoacoustic signal 97 List of symbols 98 1 Introduction 98 2 Theory 100 2.1 The photoacoustic transmission line model 100 2.2 General thermoacoustics 101 2.3 Thermoacoustics represented in transmission line model 103 2.4 Coupling TA and PA 104 3 Experiment 107 3.1 Experimental setup 107 3.2 Method 108 4 Results 108 4.1 Oscillator experiments 108 4.2 Photoacoustic signal due to gas absorption 108 4.3 Discussion 109 4.4 Modeling of ТАРА cell Ill 5 Conclusions 113 References 113 6 Vertical profile measurements of methane concentration gradients in rice paddy soil. Combining photoacoustics with a gas diffusion probe 115 1 Introduction 116 2 Material & Methods 117 2.1 Construction of the gas diffusion probes 117 2.2 Preparation of standard solutions 117 2.3 Gas flow
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Aspects About Supella Longipalpa (Blattaria: Blattellidae)
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016; 6(12): 1065–1075 1065 HOSTED BY Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apjtb Review article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.08.017 New aspects about Supella longipalpa (Blattaria: Blattellidae) Hassan Nasirian* Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The brown-banded cockroach, Supella longipalpa (Blattaria: Blattellidae) (S. longipalpa), Received 16 Jun 2015 recently has infested the buildings and hospitals in wide areas of Iran, and this review was Received in revised form 3 Jul 2015, prepared to identify current knowledge and knowledge gaps about the brown-banded 2nd revised form 7 Jun, 3rd revised cockroach. Scientific reports and peer-reviewed papers concerning S. longipalpa and form 18 Jul 2016 relevant topics were collected and synthesized with the objective of learning more about Accepted 10 Aug 2016 health-related impacts and possible management of S. longipalpa in Iran. Like the Available online 15 Oct 2016 German cockroach, the brown-banded cockroach is a known vector for food-borne dis- eases and drug resistant bacteria, contaminated by infectious disease agents, involved in human intestinal parasites and is the intermediate host of Trichospirura leptostoma and Keywords: Moniliformis moniliformis. Because its habitat is widespread, distributed throughout Brown-banded cockroach different areas of homes and buildings, it is difficult to control.
    [Show full text]
  • Cockroach Marion Copeland
    Cockroach Marion Copeland Animal series Cockroach Animal Series editor: Jonathan Burt Already published Crow Boria Sax Tortoise Peter Young Ant Charlotte Sleigh Forthcoming Wolf Falcon Garry Marvin Helen Macdonald Bear Parrot Robert E. Bieder Paul Carter Horse Whale Sarah Wintle Joseph Roman Spider Rat Leslie Dick Jonathan Burt Dog Hare Susan McHugh Simon Carnell Snake Bee Drake Stutesman Claire Preston Oyster Rebecca Stott Cockroach Marion Copeland reaktion books Published by reaktion books ltd 79 Farringdon Road London ec1m 3ju, uk www.reaktionbooks.co.uk First published 2003 Copyright © Marion Copeland All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publishers. Printed and bound in Hong Kong British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Copeland, Marion Cockroach. – (Animal) 1. Cockroaches 2. Animals and civilization I. Title 595.7’28 isbn 1 86189 192 x Contents Introduction 7 1 A Living Fossil 15 2 What’s in a Name? 44 3 Fellow Traveller 60 4 In the Mind of Man: Myth, Folklore and the Arts 79 5 Tales from the Underside 107 6 Robo-roach 130 7 The Golden Cockroach 148 Timeline 170 Appendix: ‘La Cucaracha’ 172 References 174 Bibliography 186 Associations 189 Websites 190 Acknowledgements 191 Photo Acknowledgements 193 Index 196 Two types of cockroach, from the first major work of American natural history, published in 1747. Introduction The cockroach could not have scuttled along, almost unchanged, for over three hundred million years – some two hundred and ninety-nine million before man evolved – unless it was doing something right.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies of the Laboulbeniomycetes: Diversity, Evolution, and Patterns of Speciation
    Studies of the Laboulbeniomycetes: Diversity, Evolution, and Patterns of Speciation The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:40049989 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA ! STUDIES OF THE LABOULBENIOMYCETES: DIVERSITY, EVOLUTION, AND PATTERNS OF SPECIATION A dissertation presented by DANNY HAELEWATERS to THE DEPARTMENT OF ORGANISMIC AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Biology HARVARD UNIVERSITY Cambridge, Massachusetts April 2018 ! ! © 2018 – Danny Haelewaters All rights reserved. ! ! Dissertation Advisor: Professor Donald H. Pfister Danny Haelewaters STUDIES OF THE LABOULBENIOMYCETES: DIVERSITY, EVOLUTION, AND PATTERNS OF SPECIATION ABSTRACT CHAPTER 1: Laboulbeniales is one of the most morphologically and ecologically distinct orders of Ascomycota. These microscopic fungi are characterized by an ectoparasitic lifestyle on arthropods, determinate growth, lack of asexual state, high species richness and intractability to culture. DNA extraction and PCR amplification have proven difficult for multiple reasons. DNA isolation techniques and commercially available kits are tested enabling efficient and rapid genetic analysis of Laboulbeniales fungi. Success rates for the different techniques on different taxa are presented and discussed in the light of difficulties with micromanipulation, preservation techniques and negative results. CHAPTER 2: The class Laboulbeniomycetes comprises biotrophic parasites associated with arthropods and fungi.
    [Show full text]
  • Hanula Cover and Spine.Indd
    DE- AI09-00SR22188 Proceedings 2006 06-18-P THE ROLE OF DEAD WOOD IN MAINTAINING ARTHROPOD DIVERSITY ON THE FOREST FLOOR James L. Hanula, Scott Horn, and Dale D. Wade1 Abstract—Dead wood is a major component of forests and contributes to overall diversity, primarily by supporting insects that feed directly on or in it. Further, a variety of organisms benefit by feeding on those insects. What is not well known is how or whether dead wood influences the composition of the arthropod community that is not solely dependent on it as a food resource, or whether woody debris influences prey available to generalist predators. One group likely to be affected by dead wood is ground-dwelling arthropods. We studied the effect of adding large dead wood to unburned and frequently burned pine stands to determine if dead wood was used more when the litter and understory plant community are removed. We also studied the effect of annual removal of dead wood from large (10-ha) plots over a 5-year period on ground-dwelling arthro- pods. In related studies, we examined the relationships among an endangered woodpecker that forages for prey on live trees, its prey, and dead wood in the forest. The results of these and other studies show that dead wood can influence the abun- dance and diversity of the ground-dwelling arthropod community and of prey available to generalist predators not foraging directly on dead trees. INTRODUCTION (Picoides borealis), which forages for prey on live trees, its Large dead wood or coarse woody debris (CWD) with a prey, and dead wood in the forest.
    [Show full text]
  • V·M·I University Microfilms International a Beil & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adverselyaffect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. V·M·I University Microfilms International A Beil & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. M148106-1346 USA 313'761-4700 800,521-0600 Order Number 9215026 Energy allocation and reproductive effort in four cockroach species with differing modes of reproduction Koebele, Bruce Peter, Ph.D. University of Hawaii, 1991 Copyright @1991 by Koebele, Bruce Peter.
    [Show full text]
  • A Dichotomous Key for the Identification of the Cockroach Fauna (Insecta: Blattaria) of Florida
    Species Identification - Cockroaches of Florida 1 A Dichotomous Key for the Identification of the Cockroach fauna (Insecta: Blattaria) of Florida Insect Classification Exercise Department of Entomology and Nematology University of Florida, Gainesville 32611 Abstract: Students used available literature and specimens to produce a dichotomous key to species of cockroaches recorded from Florida. This exercise introduced students to techniques used in studying a group of insects, in this case Blattaria, to produce a regional species key. Producing a guide to a group of insects as a class exercise has proven useful both as a teaching tool and as a method to generate information for the public. Key Words: Blattaria, Florida, Blatta, Eurycotis, Periplaneta, Arenivaga, Compsodes, Holocompsa, Myrmecoblatta, Blatella, Cariblatta, Chorisoneura, Euthlastoblatta, Ischnoptera,Latiblatta, Neoblatella, Parcoblatta, Plectoptera, Supella, Symploce,Blaberus, Epilampra, Hemiblabera, Nauphoeta, Panchlora, Phoetalia, Pycnoscelis, Rhyparobia, distributions, systematics, education, teaching, techniques. Identification of cockroaches is limited here to adults. A major source of confusion is the recogni- tion of adults from nymphs (Figs. 1, 2). There are subjective differences, as well as morphological differences. Immature cockroaches are known as nymphs. Nymphs closely resemble adults except nymphs are generally smaller and lack wings and genital openings or copulatory appendages at the tip of their abdomen. Many species, however, have wingless adult females. Nymphs of these may be recognized by their shorter, relatively broad cerci and lack of external genitalia. Male cockroaches possess styli in addition to paired cerci. Styli arise from the subgenital plate and are generally con- spicuous, but may also be reduced in some species. Styli are absent in adult females and nymphs.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis (PDF, 13.51MB)
    Insects and their endosymbionts: phylogenetics and evolutionary rates Daej A Kh A M Arab The University of Sydney Faculty of Science 2021 A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Authorship contribution statement During my doctoral candidature I published as first-author or co-author three stand-alone papers in peer-reviewed, internationally recognised journals. These publications form the three research chapters of this thesis in accordance with The University of Sydney’s policy for doctoral theses. These chapters are linked by the use of the latest phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary techniques for analysing obligate mutualistic endosymbionts and their host mitochondrial genomes to shed light on the evolutionary history of the two partners. Therefore, there is inevitably some repetition between chapters, as they share common themes. In the general introduction and discussion, I use the singular “I” as I am the sole author of these chapters. All other chapters are co-authored and therefore the plural “we” is used, including appendices belonging to these chapters. Part of chapter 2 has been published as: Bourguignon, T., Tang, Q., Ho, S.Y., Juna, F., Wang, Z., Arab, D.A., Cameron, S.L., Walker, J., Rentz, D., Evans, T.A. and Lo, N., 2018. Transoceanic dispersal and plate tectonics shaped global cockroach distributions: evidence from mitochondrial phylogenomics. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35(4), pp.970-983. The chapter was reformatted to include additional data and analyses that I undertook towards this paper. My role was in the paper was to sequence samples, assemble mitochondrial genomes, perform phylogenetic analyses, and contribute to the writing of the manuscript.
    [Show full text]
  • Unusual Macrocyclic Lactone Sex Pheromone of Parcoblatta Lata, a Primary Food Source of the Endangered Red-Cockaded Woodpecker
    Unusual macrocyclic lactone sex pheromone of Parcoblatta lata, a primary food source of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker Dorit Eliyahua,b,1,2, Satoshi Nojimaa,b,1,3, Richard G. Santangeloa,b, Shannon Carpenterc,4, Francis X. Websterc, David J. Kiemlec, Cesar Gemenoa,b,5, Walter S. Leald, and Coby Schala,b,6 aDepartment of Entomology and bW. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; cDepartment of Chemistry, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210; and dDepartment of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 Edited by May R. Berenbaum, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, and approved November 28, 2011 (received for review July 20, 2011) Wood cockroaches in the genus Parcoblatta, comprising 12 species Identification of the sex pheromone of P. lata has important endemic to North America, are highly abundant in southeastern implications in biological conservation and forest management pine forests and represent an important prey of the endangered practices. This species and seven related species in the genus red-cockaded woodpecker, Picoides borealis. The broad wood cock- Parcoblatta inhabit standing pines, woody debris, logs, and snags roach, Parcoblatta lata, is among the largest and most abundant of in pine forests of the southeastern United States, and they rep- the wood cockroaches, constituting >50% of the biomass of the resent the most abundant arthropod biomass in this habitat (4). woodpecker’s diet. Because reproduction in red-cockaded wood- Most importantly, P. lata constitutes a significant portion peckers is affected dramatically by seasonal and spatial changes (>50%) of the diet of the endangered red-cockaded wood- P.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Life History Evolution of Blaberoidea (Blattodea)
    78 (1): 29 – 67 2020 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2020. Phylogeny and life history evolution of Blaberoidea (Blattodea) Marie Djernæs *, 1, 2, Zuzana K otyková Varadínov á 3, 4, Michael K otyk 3, Ute Eulitz 5, Kla us-Dieter Klass 5 1 Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom — 2 Natural History Museum Aarhus, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Marie Djernæs * [[email protected]] — 3 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sci- ence, Charles University, Prague, 12844, Czech Republic; Zuzana Kotyková Varadínová [[email protected]]; Michael Kotyk [[email protected]] — 4 Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague, 11579, Czech Republic — 5 Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Königsbrücker Landstrasse 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany; Klaus-Dieter Klass [[email protected]] — * Corresponding author Accepted on February 19, 2020. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on May 26, 2020. Editor in charge: Gavin Svenson Abstract. Blaberoidea, comprised of Ectobiidae and Blaberidae, is the most speciose cockroach clade and exhibits immense variation in life history strategies. We analysed the phylogeny of Blaberoidea using four mitochondrial and three nuclear genes from 99 blaberoid taxa. Blaberoidea (excl. Anaplectidae) and Blaberidae were recovered as monophyletic, but Ectobiidae was not; Attaphilinae is deeply subordinate in Blattellinae and herein abandoned. Our results, together with those from other recent phylogenetic studies, show that the structuring of Blaberoidea in Blaberidae, Pseudophyllodromiidae stat. rev., Ectobiidae stat. rev., Blattellidae stat. rev., and Nyctiboridae stat. rev. (with “ectobiid” subfamilies raised to family rank) represents a sound basis for further development of Blaberoidea systematics.
    [Show full text]
  • Three New Species of Cockroach Genussymploce Hebard, 1916
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 337: 1–18 (2013)Three new species of cockroach genusSymploce Hebard, 1916... 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.337.5770 RESEARCH articLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Three new species of cockroach genus Symploce Hebard, 1916 (Blattodea, Ectobiidae, Blattellinae) with redescriptions of two known species based on types from Mainland China Zongqing Wang1,†, Yanli Che1,‡ 1 Institute of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716,China † http://zoobank.org/B29AEB84-9DB0-4C98-9CE8-FD5BC875771B ‡ http://zoobank.org/8ED9AE03-E0EB-4DCE-BE08-658582983CC4 Corresponding author: Zongqing Wang ([email protected]) Academic editor: Jes Rust | Received 11 June 2013 | Accepted 9 September 2013 | Published 30 September 2013 http://zoobank.org/CABA56B3-5F25-45F1-B355-3B28D0032012 Citation: Wang Z, Che Y (2013) Three new species of cockroach genus Symploce Hebard, 1916 (Blattodea, Ectobiidae, Blattellinae) with redescriptions of two known species based on types from Mainland China. ZooKeys 337: 1–18. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.337.5770 Abstract Three new species of Symploce Hebard from China are described: Symploce sphaerica sp. n., Symploce para- marginata sp. n. and Symploce evidens sp. n. Two known species are redescribed and illustrated based on types. A key is given to identify all species of Symploce from mainland China. Keywords Insecta, Dictyoptera, Ectobiidae, Episymploce, new species, cockroaches Introduction The genus Symploce was erected by Hebard in 1916, and it is the most primitive genus of the family Ectobiidae, for related to the earliest fossil species Pinblattella citimica according to Vršanský (1997). Princis (1969) lists 109 species of this genus in Orthop- terorum Catalogus, among which 23 species were known from China.
    [Show full text]
  • ULTRASTRUCTURE of the MATURE SPERMATOZOA and the PROCESS of SPERMIOGENESIS in the COCKROACH, NAUPHOETA CINEREA (DICTYOPTERA: BLATTARIA: Blaberidael
    KUMAR, Devi, 1938- ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE MATURE SPERMATOZOA AND THE PROCESS OF SPERMIOGENESIS IN THE COCKROACH, NAUPHOETA CINEREA (DICTYOPTERA: BLATTARIA: BLABERIDAEl. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1976 Zoology Xerox University Microfilms,Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE MATURE SPERMATOZOA AND THE PROCESS OF SPERMIOGENESIS IN THE COCKROACH, NAUPHOETA CINEREA (DICTYOPTERA: BLATTARIA: BLABERIDAE) DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Devi Kumar, B.Sc., M.S., M.Sc. The Ohio State University 1976 Reading Committee: Approved by Professor Wayne B. Parrish Professor Roy A. Tassava Professor Peter W. Pappas Department of Zoology ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My sincere gratitude is extended to my adviser, Dr. Wayne B. Parrish, for his guidance and counsel during the entire period of this research. I also extend my thanks to Dr. Frank W. Fisk, who suggested the topic for this research and also provided the live specimens. My sincere gratitude is also extended to Dr. Roy A. Tassava and Dr. Peter W. Pappas, who along with my adviser, gave critical suggestions during the writing of the dissertation. I also wish to thank my friends and colleagues, who have in many ways contributed some help and advice during the entire period of this research. Finally, I am most grateful to my husband, Muneendra, for his constant encouragement and support, even when he was busy with his own research and dissertation. VITA February 22, 19 38........ Born, Karachi, Pakistan 1958...................... B. Sc., Botany, Zoology and Human Physiology, Calcutta University, India 1961 ....................
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolutionary Significance of Rotation of the Oötheca in The
    A PSYCHE Vol. 74 June, 1967 No. 2 THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF ROTATION OF THE OOTHECA IN THE BLATTAR I By Louis M. Roth Pioneering Research Division U.S. Army Natick Laboratories, Natick Mass. ? The newly-formed ootheca of all cockroaches projects from the female in a vertical position, with the keel and micropylar ends of the eggs dorsally oriented. All of the Blattoidea (Fig. 1) and some of the Blaberoidea carry the egg case without changing this position. However, in some of the Polyphagidae (Figs. 11-16) and Blattellidae (Figs. 2,3), and all of the Blaberidae, the female rotates the ootheca 90° so that the keel faces laterally at the time it is deposited on a substrate (Polyphagidae, Blattellidae), carried for the entire embryo- genetic period ( Blattella spp.), or retracted into the uterus (all Blaberidae). According to McKittrick (1964), rotation of the ootheca frees the keel from the valve bases which block an anterior movement of the ootheca while it is in a vertical position, and it orients the ootheca so that its height lies in the plane of the cock- roach’s width, thus making it possible to move the egg case anteriorly beyond the valve. It is likely that by the time the ootheca had evolved to the stage where it was retracted internally, the height of the keel had been greatly reduced (e.g., in Blattella spp.) and it would not be necessary to free its keel from the valve bases. The eggs of Blaberidae increase greatly in size in the uterus during embryogenesis (Roth and Willis, 1955a, 1955b).
    [Show full text]