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Seaweeds of the Greek Coasts: Rhodophyta Excluding Ceramiales

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Seaweeds of the Greek Coasts: Rhodophyta Excluding Ceramiales ISSN: 0001-5113 ACTA ADRIAT., ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER AADRAY 60(1): 3 - 24, 2019 Seaweeds of the Greek coasts: Rhodophyta excluding Ceramiales Konstantinos TSIAMIS1,2* and Panayotis PANAYOTIDIS1 1 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Oceanography, Anavyssos 19013, Attica, Greece 2 European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy *Corresponding author: [email protected] An updated checklist of the red seaweeds (Rhodophyta), excluding the order Ceramiales, of the Greek coasts is provided, based on literature records, critically reviewed from present-day taxonomic and nomenclatural aspects. The total number of genera, species and infraspecific taxa currently accepted is 78, 138 and 4 respectively. The occurrence of each taxon in the North Aegean, South Aegean and Ionian Seas is given. Knowledge gaps are pointed, with 57 taxa pending confirmation of their presence marked. Moreover, 13 excludenda and 12 inquirenda taxa are briefly discussed. In overall, a solid updated baseline of the Rhodophyta (excluding Ceramiales) taxa occurence in Greece is provided, critical for future tailor-targeting seaweed studies. Key words: Aegean Sea, red algae, Rhodophyta, checklist, Ionian Sea INTRODUCTION & GEISSLER (1974). Later on, ATHANASIADIS (1987) compiled a critically reviewed catalogue Phycological studies on marine macroalgae of marine seaweeds, but concerning only the have been carried out along the Greek coasts Aegean Sea. In addition, the annotated check- since the early 19th century (SIBTHORP, 1813; lists of the Mediterranean seaweed flora by GREVILLE, 1826; BORY, 1832), resulting in several RIBERA et al. (1992), GALLARDO et al. (1993) and new species and genera and in numerous records GÓMEZ GARRETA et al. (2001) included seaweeds of common Mediterranean taxa. However, the occurring in Greece. major part of these studies has not been updated Aiming to update the knowledge of the in a modern context, while the provided data in Greek marine seaweed flora, the present work the classical publications are usually too limited is focusing exclusively in the red seaweeds to allow unequivocal identification, frequently (Rhodophyta) excluding the order Ceramiales resulting in taxonomic confusion (TSIAMIS & Oltmanns, aiming to deliver a solid updated PANAYOTIDIS, 2016a). and annotated baseline of the Greek taxa, criti- A first attempt to produce a checklist of the cal for future tailor-targeting studies. Our work Greek marine seaweeds was made by DIANNE- constitutes the final part in a series that previ- LIDIS (1950), followed by the work of GERLOFF ously treated the Phaeophyceae, the Ulvophy- 4 ACTA ADRIATICA, 60(1): 3 - 24, 2019 ceae and the Ceramiales (Rhodophyta) of the Taxa are listed alphabetically. For each taxon Greek coasts (TSIAMIS et al., 2013a, 2014; TSIAMIS applied synonyms to previous records from & PANAYOTIDIS, 2016a). Greece are provided. The distribution of each accepted taxon is given for the three biogeo- MATERIAL AND METHODS graphic regions: North Aegean, South Aegean and Ionian Sea (Fig. 1). Due to space limitation, From the early 19th century until 2017, 13 only one reference is given for each region, giv- PhD theses and about 150 research papers ing priority to publications that include descrip- have been published on seaweeds from Greece. tions and/or illustration(s). Additional references Master and Bachelor Degree theses as well as are available by the authors on request. conference contributions have not been taken into account for this study. Records of rhodo- RESULTS phytes in all other publications have been criti- cally reviewed from present-day taxonomic and The present checklist recognizes at least nomenclatural aspects, following the on-line 142 Rhodophyta species and infraspecific taxa data provided by SILVA (2018) and GUIRY & GUIRY (excluding Ceramiales), within 78 genera, to (2018), unless otherwise specified in the “Notes”. occur in Greece (Table 1). In addition, there are The checklist has been compiled following 57 taxa pending confirmation of their presence the scheme in TSIAMIS & PANAYOTIDIS (2016a): on the Greek coasts (Table 2). 1. accepted taxa: there is at least one docu- mented record from Greece, in the form of Taxa Excludenda description and/or illustration(s), 2. pending confirmation of their presence: Bangia atropurpurea (Mertens in Roth) undocumented records or records with no C. Agardh sufficient documentation to permit accurate Based on MULLER et al. (2003) molecular identification under modern standards, work, Bangia atropurpurea is apparently a 3. excludenda: misidentifications, freshwater species, distinct from B. fuscopurpu- 4. inquirenda: taxa not typified, with uncertain rea found in the marine environment. Therefore, taxonomic application. the several Greek records (e.g. ANAGNOSTIDIS, 1968; NIKOLAIDIS & HARITONIDIS, 1990; MALEA & HARITONIDIS, 2001), which all lack sufficient documentation, should be excluded from the Greek marine flora, possibly referring to B. fuscopurpurea. Bangia thaerasiae Bory Originally described by BORY (1832: 334) based on specimens collected from Santorini Island (South Aegean Sea), but was later proven to belong to a diatom by DE TONI (1897: 12). Chondrus crispus Stackhouse = Chondrus norvegicus (Gunnerus) Lam- ouroux = Gymnogongrus norvegicus (Gunnerus) J. Fig. 1. Accepted Rhodophyta algal taxa (excluding Cera- Agardh miales) within each biogeographic region of the Greek This North Atlantic alga does not occur in the seas Mediterranean Sea and the Greek records from TSIAMIS AND PANAYOTIDIS.: Seaweeds of the Greek coasts: Rhodophyta excluding Ceramiales... 5 the Aegean Sea (RAULIN, 1869; TSEKOS et al., we prefer to cite the several Greek records 1982) and Ionian Sea (TSEKOS & HARITONIDIS, (e.g. GIACCONE, 1968a; DIAPOULIS et al., 1986; 1977), which all lack documentation, should be NIKOLAIDIS & HARITONIDIS, 1990), which all lack considered as misidentifications, possibly refer- documentation, within the list of taxa exclu- ring to a Gymnogongrus species. denda for the Greek flora. Colaconema caespitosum (J. Agardh) Liagora ceranoides Lamouroux Jackelman, Stegenga & Bolton 0This species has been reported from the 0= Rhodothamniella codii (Crouan frat.) J. Peloponnese by BORY (1832: 329) but actually Feldmann referring to L. viscida (see also ATHANASIADIS, The single undocumented record by DIAPOUA - 2016: 137), and from Rhodes Island (South AegeB - LIS et al. (1986, as Rhodothamniella codii) from an Sea) by REINBOLD (1898) but correspoding the Saronikos Gulf (South Aegean Sea) should to a misidentification of Ganonema farinosum be a misidentification, possibly referring to (HAMEL, 1931: 310). The record by DIANNELIDIS Colaconema codicola (Børgesen) Jackelman, et al. (1977) from Rhodes Island, which lacks Stegenga & Bolton (see also BIDOUX & MAGNE, documentation, should be also treated as a misi- 1989; VERLAQUE et al., 2015: 139). dentification since this species does not seem to occur in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Dumontia contorta (S.G. Gmelin) Ruprecht = Dumontia incrassata (O.F. Müller) Lam- Mastocarpus stellatus (Stackhouse in ouroux Withering) Guiry The single undocumented record by TSEKOS 0= Gigartina stellata (Stackhouse in Wither- & HARITONIDIS (1977) from the Ionian Sea should ing) Batters be a misidentification, since this circumpolar The single record by GERLOFF & GEISSLER species does not occur in the Mediterranean Sea. (1974) from the Ionian Sea is without justifica- tion and should be a misidentification, since this Gigartina pistillata (S.G. Gmelin) Stackhouse species does not occur in the Eastern Mediter- The Greek records from the North Aegean ranean Sea. Sea (HARITONIDIS & TSEKOS, 1975) and Ionian Sea (HARITONIDIS & TSEKOS, 1976; TSEKOS et Nemalion multifidum (Lyngbye) Chauvin al., 1982; HARITONIDIS et al., 1986), which all lack 0This species does not seem to occur in descriptions or illustrations, should be excluded the Mediterranean Sea and the Greek records from the Greek flora as misidentifications, since from the Ionian Sea (HARITONIDIS & TSEKOS, this species does not seem to occur in the East- 1976; TSEKOS & HARITONIDIS, 1977; TSEKOS et al., ern Mediterranean Sea. 1982), which all lack descriptions or illustrations, should be excluded from the Greek flora, possi- Iridaea cordata (Turner) Bory bly referring to Nemalion lubricum (see also LE This South America species is not known to GALL & SAUNDERS, 2010). occur in the Mediterranean Sea and the undocu- mented Greek record by TSEKOS et al. (1982) from Phyllophora crispa (Hudson) Dixon the North Aegean Sea should be considered as a 0= Phyllophora epiphylla (O.F. Müller) Bat- misidentification. ters = Phyllophora rubens auctorum Kallymenia reniformis (Turner) J. Agardh Based on ATHANASIADIS (2016: 524-528) this = Fucus reniformis Turner species does not occur in the Mediterranean Since most of the Mediterranean records of Sea and the numerous records reported from the this NE Atlantic species should refer to Mer- basin should refer to Phyllophora spiralis (= P. edithia microphylla (ATHANASIADIS, 2016: 650), nervosa). Thus, the several Greek records (e.g. 6 ACTA ADRIATICA, 60(1): 3 - 24, 2019 POLITIS, 1928; KOUSSOURIS, 1976; DIAPOULIS & Erythrotrichia simplex Dangeard nom. inval. HARITONIDIS, 1984), which all lack documenta- Entity of uncertain taxonomic status since tion, should be excluded, probably referring to no type has been designated. There are sev- P. spiralis. eral records of this species from Greece (e.g. DIAPOULIS & HARITONIDIS,
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