Introduction to the Paralympic Movement Walter R
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Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science Training and Coaching the Paralympic Athlete Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science Training and Coaching the Paralympic Athlete EDITED BY Yves C. Vanlandewijck PhD Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium Walter R. Thompson PhD College of Education and Human Development Georgia State University Atlanta, GA USA This edition first published 2016 © 2016 International Olympic Committee Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Registered office: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offices: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK 1606 Golden Aspen Drive, Suites 103 and 104, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reusethe copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. 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No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Vanlandewijck, Yves, editor. | Thompson, Walter R., editor. Title: Training and coaching the paralympic athlete / edited by Yves C. Vanlandewijck, Walter R. Thompson. Other titles: Handbook of sports medicine and science. Description: Chichester, West Sussex, UK ; Ames, Iowa, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. | Series: Handbook of sports medicine and science | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016003735 (print) | LCCN 2016004115 (ebook) |ISBN 9781119044338 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781119045120 (pdf) | ISBN 9781119045106 (epub) Subjects: | MESH: Sports | Disabled Persons | Athletes | Sports Medicine Classification: LCC GV722.5.P37 (print) | LCC GV722.5.P37 (ebook) |NLMQT 260 | DDC 796.087–dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016003735 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Cover images: © International Olympic Committee Set in 8.75/12pt Stone Serif by Aptara Inc., New Delhi, India 1 2017 Contents Contributors, vi 7 Research needs for the development Foreword by IOC President Thomas of evidence-based systems of Bach, ix classification for physical, vision, and Foreword by IPC President Sir Philip intellectual impairments, 122 Craven, xi Sean M. Tweedy, David Mann, and Yves C. Vanlandewijck 1 Introduction to the Paralympic 8 Sport and technology, 150 Movement, 1 Osnat Fliess-Douer, Barry Mason, Larry Walter R. Thompson Katz, and Chi-hung Raymond So 2 Biomechanics and ergonomics, 21 9 Contribution of sport science to Helco van Keeken, Sonja de Groot, Riemer performance: Wheelchair rugby, 172 Vegter, and Lucas van der Woude Yves C. Vanlandewijck 3 Physiology, 53 10 Contribution of sports science to Claudio Perret and Thomas Abel performance: Swimming, 199 4 Paralympic sports medicine, 75 Brendan Burkett Cheri A. Blauwet, Jan Lexell, and Wayne Derman 11 Contribution of sport science to 5 The psychology of Paralympians and performance: Nordic skiing, 216 mental preparation, 96 Vesa Linnamo, Walter Rapp, and Stefan Jeffrey J. Martin J. Lindinger 6 Sociology of sport and coaching, 108 Index, 237 P. David Howe v Contributors Thomas Abel, PhD Osnat Fliess-Douer, PhD Professor for Paralympic Sport, Institute of Movement Director of Aquatic Therapy and Adapted Swimming and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Programs, Zinman College for Physical Education and Germany, European Research Group in Disability Sports Sport Sciences, Wingate Institute, Netanja, Israel Cheri A. Blauwet, MD P. David Howe, PhD Medical Committee, International Paralympic Social Anthropologist of Sport, School of Sport, Committee; Department of Physical Medicine and Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and University, Loughborough, UK the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Larry Katz, PhD Professor and Director, Sport Technology Research Brendan Burkett, PhD Laboratory (STRL), Faculty of Kinesiology, University of School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Calgary, Calgary, Canada Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia Jan Lexell, MD, PhD Sonja de Groot, PhD Medical Committee, International Paralympic Senior Researcher, Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Committee; Department of Health Sciences, Lund Center | Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University and Department of Neurology and University of Groningen, University Medical Center Rehabilitation Medicine, Skane˚ University Hospital, Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Lund, Sweden Groningen, The Netherlands Stefan J. Lindinger, PhD Wayne Derman, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Sport Science and Medical Committee, International Paralympic Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria Committee; University of Cape Town Research Unit for Sports Science & Exercise Medicine, Cape Town, South Vesa Linnamo, PhD Africa; International Olympic Committee Research Professor, Head of Sports Technology Unit, Department Center, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyvaskyl¨ a,¨ Africa Jyvaskyl¨ a,¨ Finland vi Contributors vii David Mann, PhD Sean M. Tweedy, PhD IPC Classification Research Partner – Vision IPC Classification Research Partner – Physical Impairment, Research Institute MOVE Amsterdam, Impairment, University of Queensland, School of Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Australia Jeffrey J. Martin, PhD Lucas van der Woude, PhD Professor, Division of Kinesiology, Health, and Sport Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Rehabilitation Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA and Functional Recovery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Barry Mason, PhD Human Movement Sciences & Department of Senior Research Associate, Peter Harrison Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, The Netherlands Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK Yves C. Vanlandewijck, PhD, PT Professor of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Claudio Perret, PhD Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Institute of Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Leuven, Belgium Nottwil, Switzerland; European Research Group in Disability Sports Helco van Keeken, PhD Assistant Professor, University of Groningen, University Walter Rapp, PhD Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Movement Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Riemer Vegter, PhD Chi-hung Raymond So, PhD Assistant Professor, University