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A Kárpát-Pannon És Illír Régió Vadon Termő Galagonyáinak Monográfiája

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A Kárpát-Pannon És Illír Régió Vadon Termő Galagonyáinak Monográfiája 1. ábra: Pruno spinosae – Crataegetum (SOÓ) HUECK egybibés galagonyával, tátorjánnal, Szlovákia: Szalka (fotó: KERÉNYI-NAGY) 2. ábra: Crataegus monogyna a Delibláti Kincstári Homokpusztán, lösz talajon (fotó: SKOPÁL TAMÁS) KerényiNagy Viktor A KárpátPannon és Illír régió vadon termő galagonyáinak monográfiája A monograph of hawthorns of Carpat-Pannon and Illyr regions Lektorálta: Dr. BARANEC Tibor egyetemi tanár Dr. NAGY János egyetemi docens Dr. NEMÉNYI András egyetemi docens Dr. PENKSZA Károly egyetemi tanár Fordító: SZEGEDI Áron Mátyás ISBN 978-963-269-480-1 A monográfia megjelenését a Kutató Kari Kiválósági Támogatás - Research Center of Excellence 9877- 1/2015/FEKUT pályázat tette lehetővé. Készült: 100 példányban Címlapon: Crataegus nigra WALDST. et KIT. Szigetújfalu (fotó: Kerényi-Nagy V.) 2 Pénzes Antal és Zsák Zoltán emlékére! PÉNZES ANTAL ZSÁK ZOLTÁN * 1895. január 3. – † 1984. szeptember 30. * 1880. február 3. – † 1966. október 13. 3 „Aki földi salaktól ment, tiszta örömet akar élvezni, ki, bár néhány órányira is, boldog akar lenni, jöjjön ki a szabad természetbe, ismerkedjék meg a növényekkel. Ők nem szólnak meg, nem irigykednek rád, hanem ellenkezőleg, megtanítanak boldogságra; pompájukkal és gyöngédségükkel arra akarnak bennünket szoktatni, hogy gyöngéd érzelmek és igazi egyszerűséggel közeledjünk embertársainkhoz. Elvezetnek azon Kútfőhöz, kinek jóvoltából mi is a mindenségnek egy parányi részét képezzük.” Dr. Cserey Adolf: Kis növényhatározó 4 Tartalom / Contents Kedves Olvasó!..................................................................................................................................7 Lectori benevelo salutem! ................................................................................................................8 Általános bevezetés / Generally introduction..............................................................................9 A Történelmi Magyarország kratológiai kutatás múltja MELIUStól napjainkig, holarktikus kitekintéssel / Research of hawthorns in Historical Hungari from MELIUS till now with holarctic view..................................................................................................................... 10 A Crataegus nemzetség rendszertani helye / Taxonomic place of hawthorn....................... 18 Alkalmazott speciális kifejezések /Used special therminus.................................................... 19 Nevezéktan / Nomenclature ....................................................................................................... 21 „Kétbibés” galagonyák problémaköre / Problem of „two-pistils” hawthorn ............ 21 „Hosszúcsészés” galagonyák problémaköre / Problem of „long sepal” hawthorn .. 22 Klasszikus taxonómia / Classic taxonomy ................................................................................ 26 Taxonómiai felfogás / My taxonomic view ...................................................................... 26 Megoldási lehetőségek az irodalmak szerint / Possible solutions, according to the literature............................................................................................................................... 27 Paradigmaváltás / Paradigmachanges ................................................................................ 47 Új osztályozás / New classification.................................................................................... 48 A galagonyák ökológiai és társulástani viszonyai / Ecology and coenology of hawthorns ... ....................................................................................................................................................... 55 Az őshonos galagonyák határozása / Determination of nativ hawthorns........................... 64 Galagonyák határozását segítő bélyeg-komplexek / Help to the determination of morphological characters of hawthorns ........................................................................ 64 Határozókulcsok / Identification keys....................................................................................... 66 Gyűjtőfajok határozókulcsa / Identification keys of species aggregas......................... 66 Fajok és alfajok határozókulcsai / Identification keys of species and subspecies...... 68 Fajok, alfajok és hibridek és hibridalfajok határozókulcsai / Identification keys of species, subspecies, hybrids and hybridsubspecies ...................................................... 70 Galagonyafajok ismertetése / Description of hawthorns....................................................... 75 „Monogyna” fajcsoport 1. Crataegus monogyna JACQ. ................................................................................................... 75 2. Crataegus brevispina KUNZE................................................................................................ 80 1×2. Crataegus ×javorkae (PÉNZES) KERÉNYI-NAGY ....................................................... 83 „Monogyna” fajcsoport? 3. Crataegus denticulata HRAB.-UHR....................................................................................... 85 „Laevigata” fajcsoport 4. Crataegus laevigata (POIR.) DC........................................................................................... 87 „Curvisepala” fajcsoport 5. Crataegus ovalis KIT. ............................................................................................................ 91 6. Crataegus rosaeformis JANKA................................................................................................ 94 7. Crataegus lindmanii HRAB.-UHR....................................................................................... 101 5×7. Crataegus ×corniculata HRAB.-UHR. ex KERÉNYI-NAGY....................................... 107 „Nigra” fajcsoport 8. Crataegus nigra WALDST. et KIT...................................................................................... 109 „Pentagyna” fajcsoport 9. Crataegus pentagyna WALDST. et KIT. ............................................................................. 117 „Orientalis” fajcsoport 10. Crataegus orientalis (MILL.) BIEB. ................................................................................... 120 5 11. Crataegus azarolus L..........................................................................................................122 „Curvisepala” × „Monogyna”-hibridek 5×1. Crataegus ×radnotigyarmatii KERÉNYI-NAGY ..........................................................124 6 × 1. Crataegus ×subsphaerica GAND . .................................................................................126 6×2. Crataegus ×monostevenii PÉNZES ex KERÉNYI-NAGY..............................................131 7×1. Crataegus ×kyrtostyla FINGERH...................................................................................133 „Curvisepala” × „Laevigata”-hibridek 5×4. Crataegus ×sudetica (HRAB.-UHR.) KERÉNYI-NAGY...............................................136 6×4. Crataegus ×pseudoxyacantha CIN..................................................................................137 6×7×4. Crataegus ×macrocarpa HEGETSCHW.....................................................................139 12. (7×4) Crataegus palmstruchii LINDM. .............................................................................144 12 (7×4)×4. Crataegus ×walokochiana (HRAB.-UHR.) P. A. SCHMIDT ...........................146 „Laevigata” × „Monogyna”-hibridek 1×4. Crataegus ×media BECHST. ..........................................................................................149 2×4. Crataegus ×oxystevenii PÉNZES ex KERÉNYI-NAGY................................................153 „Nigra” × „Monogyna”-hibridek 8×1. Crataegus ×degeni ZSÁK................................................................................................154 „Pentagyna” × „Monogyna”-hibridek 9×1. Crataegus ×rubrinervis LANGE .....................................................................................157 „Monogyna” × „Curvisepala” × „Curvisepala” hibrid: 1×6×7. Crataegus ×plagiosepala POJARK.............................................................................159 Típusanyagok és revideálásuk / Type materials and its revision..........................................161 KITAIBEL-típusanyag revideálása / Revision of collection of KITAIBEL ...................161 WIERZBICKI-típusanyag revideálása / Revision of collection of WIERZBICKI .........164 JANKA-típusanyag revideálása / Revision of collection of JANKA ..............................164 PÉNZES-típusanyag revideálása / Revision of collection of PÉNZES..........................165 Taxa novi – Herbarium Penzesii / New taxa from PÉNZES........................................173 HRABĚTOVÁ-UHROVÁ-gyűjtemény revideálása / Revision of collection of HRABĚ- TOVÁ-UHROVÁ .................................................................................................................175 Taxa novi – Herbarium Hrabětová-Uhrováe / New taxa from HRABĚTOVÁ- UHROVÁ.............................................................................................................................180 A szerző (és munkatársai) által korábban leírt taxonok típusanyagai és nevezéktani kombinációi / The author (et al.) had previously described or revised list of taxa ......182 Taxa nova / New taxa .........................................................................................................182 Satus et combinatio novae / New status and combinations ........................................186 Taxa novi / New taxa ..................................................................................................................188
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