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Presuda Od: 31 UJEDINJENI NARODI Međunarodni sud za krivično Predmet br. IT-98-34-T gonjenje osoba odgovornih za teška kršenja međunarodnog Datum: 31. mart 2003. humanitarnog prava počinjena na teritoriji bivše Jugoslavije Original: engleski od 1991. PRED PRETRESNIM VIJEĆEM U sastavu: sudija Liu Daqun sudija Maureen Clark sudija Fatoumata Diarra Sekretar: g. Hans Holthuis Presuda od: 31. marta 2003. TUŽILAC protiv Mladena NALETILIĆA zvanog TUTA i Vinka MARTINOVIĆA zvanog ŠTELA PRESUDA Tužilaštvo: g. Kenneth Scott g. Douglas Stringer g. Vassily Poriouvaev g. Roeland Bos Odbrana: g. Krešimir Krsnik za Mladena Naletilića g. Christopher Meek g. Branko Šerić za Vinka Martinovića g. Želimir Par Predmet br.: IT-98-34-T 31. mart 2003. Prijevod SADRŽAJ I. UVOD ..............................................................................................................................................1 A. OPTUŽENI I OPTUŽBE ....................................................................................................................1 B. OPĆA RAZMATRANJA U VEZI S OCJENJIVANJEM DOKAZA ..............................................................3 II. OPĆI ZAKLJUČCI......................................................................................................................5 A. HISTORIJAT DOGAĐAJA ................................................................................................................5 B. SUKOB NA RELEVANTNOM PODRUČJU.........................................................................................10 1. Sovići i Doljani - napad 17. aprila 1993. i sljedećih dana .....................................................10 2. Mostar – događaji između 9. maja 1993. i januara 1994.......................................................15 3. Raštani- napad 22. septembra 1993. ......................................................................................20 4. Posljedice sukoba...................................................................................................................21 C. INDIVIDUALNA KRIVIČNA ODGOVORNOST I ODGOVORNOST NADREĐENOG.................................22 1. Mjerodavno pravo..................................................................................................................22 (a) Individualna krivična odgovornost po članu 7(1) Statuta ................................................22 (b) Zapovjedna odgovornost ili odgovornost nadređenog prema članu 7(3) Statuta.............24 (c) Kumulativna primjena članova 7(1) i 7(3) Statuta ...........................................................28 2. Opća zapovjedna struktura u Hrvatskom vijeću obrane (HVO)............................................29 3. Kažnjenička bojna (KB) ........................................................................................................32 (a) Uvod .................................................................................................................................32 (b) Zapovjedni položaj Mladena Naletilića ...........................................................................33 (c) Jedinice KB-a ...................................................................................................................36 (i) Matična jedinica Širokobriješka kažnjenička bojna......................................................36 (ii) Vinko Martinović i ATG "Vinko Škrobo" ili ATG "Mrmak" .....................................36 (iii) ATG "Baja Kraljević".................................................................................................39 (iv) ATG "Benko Penavić" ................................................................................................40 (v) ATG "Kruško"..............................................................................................................41 (vi) Još neki pripadnici KB-a.............................................................................................42 (d) Zaključak..........................................................................................................................43 4. Zapovjedni položaj optuženog u pojedinim operacijama ......................................................43 (a) Sovići i Doljani.................................................................................................................43 (b) Mostar...............................................................................................................................51 (i) Zapovjedna struktura HVO-a u Mostaru.......................................................................51 (ii) Zapovjedni položaj Mladena Naletilića u operacijama u Mostaru na koje se odnosi Optužnica.....................................................................................................................53 a. Napad 9. maja 1993....................................................................................................54 b. Napad 17. septembra 1993.........................................................................................56 c. Odnos nadređeni-podređeni .......................................................................................58 (iii) Zapovjedni položaj Vinka Martinovića u operacijama u Mostaru na koje se odnosi Optužnica.....................................................................................................................60 (c) Raštani ..............................................................................................................................61 D. UVJETI PREMA ČLANU 2 STATUTA..............................................................................................66 1. Oružani sukob i neksus s terećenim krivičnim djelima .........................................................67 2. Priroda sukoba .......................................................................................................................68 (a) Direktna intervencija vojske Republike Hrvatske (HV) ..................................................71 (b) Opća kontrola koju je Republika Hrvatska vršila nad HVO-om .....................................74 3. Zaštićene osobe i imovina......................................................................................................77 (a) Civili i ratni zarobljenici...................................................................................................77 (b) Ratni zarobljenici .............................................................................................................78 Predmet br.: IT-98-34-T 31. mart 2003. Prijevod (c) Okupacija..........................................................................................................................79 E. UVJETI IZ ČLANA 3 STATUTA ......................................................................................................83 F. UVJETI IZ ČLANA 5 STATUTA ......................................................................................................87 III. ZAKLJUČCI PO POJEDINIM TAČKAMA OPTUŽNICE................................................93 A. TAČKE 2-8: PROTIVPRAVNI RAD I ŽIVI ŠTIT.................................................................................93 1. Mjerodavno pravo..................................................................................................................93 (a) Nečovječno postupanje, okrutno postupanje i nehumana djela........................................93 (b) Ubistvo i hotimično lišavanje života................................................................................94 (c) Protivpravni rad................................................................................................................95 2. Zaključci ..............................................................................................................................101 (a) Zatočenici koji su radili za ATG “Vinko Škrobo” .........................................................101 (i) Incidenti od 17. septembra 1993. ................................................................................108 a. Incident s drvenim puškama.....................................................................................108 b. Korištenje živog štita i pogibija 15 zatočenika........................................................116 (b) Zatočenici koji su radili u Šantićevoj ulici.....................................................................116 (c) Zatočenici koji su obavljali vojne zadatke u Raštanima ................................................118 (d) Zatočenici koji su obavljali vojne zadatke u Stotini ......................................................120 (e) Pomaganje pripadnicima KB-a prilikom pljačkanja muslimanskih kuća i imovine ......120 (f) Zatočenici koji su radili na privatnim imanjima pripadnika i zapovjednika KB-a.........123 (i) “Tutin bazen” u Širokom Brijegu ...............................................................................123 (ii) Izgradnja privatne vile Mladena Naletilića................................................................124 (iii) Iskapanje kanala u blizini vile Mladena Naletilića ...................................................125 (iv) Ostali poslovi za pripadnike KB-a na privatnoj osnovi ............................................127 a. Pripadnici ATG-a “Vinko Škrobo”..........................................................................127 b. Ostali pripadnici KB-a .............................................................................................127 (g) Zatočenici koji su gradili odbrambena utvrđenja na položajima snaga KB-a, HV-a ili
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