KON TUM PROVINCIAL PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE

PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL

Public Disclosure Authorized IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

SUBPROJECT: DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE PROJECT: VIETNAM DAM REHABILITATION AND

Public Disclosure Authorized SAFETY IMPROVEMENT (WB8)

Public Disclosure Authorized

KON TUM, JULY 2019 KON TUM PROVINCIAL PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE

PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" (WB8) ON KON TUM PROVINCIAL AREA

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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

SUBPROJECT: DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE PROJECT: VIETNAM DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT (WB8)

PROJECT OWNER'S CONSULTANT'S REPRESENTATIVE REPRESENTATIVE PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT OF JOIN-VENTURE LEADING FIRM: "DAM REHABILITATION AND VIET ENVIRONMENT COMPANY SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" (WB8) ON LIMITED KON TUM PROVINCIAL AREA

KON TUM, JULY 2019 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... i LIST OF TABLES ...... iv LIST OF FIGURES ...... vi ABBREVIATIONS ...... vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION ...... 8 1.1. Approaches and methodology ...... 9 1.2. Preparation of ESIA report ...... 12 CHAPTER 2: SUB-PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 15 2.1. Objectives of Subproject...... 15 2.2. Geographical location of the subproject ...... 15 2.3. Current status of works and construction iteams ...... 18 2.3. Requirements on construction material supply for the Subproject ...... 35 2.4. Implementation progress ...... 41 2.5. Pre-construction activities ...... 42 2.6. Material transportation plan ...... 42 2.7. Operational and maintenance activities ...... 42 2.8. Dam Safety Plan ...... 43 CHAPTER 3: LEGAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ... 46 3.1. Vietnam's policies and regulations on Environmental and Social Safety ... 46 3.1.1. Policies on Environmental regulations ...... 46 3.1.2. Policies and regulations on compensation, support and resettlement ...... 47 3.1.3. Policies and regulations related to construction management of investment projects ...... 48 3.1.4. National policy on dam safety ...... 48 3.1.5. Policy on gender ...... 49 3.1.6. Policy on ethnic minority community development ...... 50 3.1.7. Policy on hunger eradication & poverty reduction ...... 52 3.1.8. Some documents related to the subproject construction ...... 52 3.1.9. Other documents ...... 53 3.1.10. Vietnamese standards and regulations related to environmental protection ...... 53 3.1.11. Compliance to the environmental and social impact assessment...... 54

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited i ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE 3.2. The World Bank’s safeguard policies ...... 55 3.2.1 Project level ...... 55 3.2.2 Subproject level...... 55 CHAPTER 4: NATURAL, SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS ...... 66 4.1. Background environmental conditions in the subproject area ...... 66 4.1.1. Natural environment ...... 66 4.1.2. Biodiversity ...... 72 4.1.3. Impacts of climate change on Kon Tum province ...... 74 4.1.4. Current status of natural environment components ...... 75 4.2. Socio-economic characteristics ...... 78 4.2.1. General characteristics of Kon tum province ...... 78 4.2.2. Socio-economic characteristics of reservoir areas ...... 81 4.2.3. Infrastructure ...... 95 4.2.4. Specific objects and tangible cultural assets ...... 99 4.3. Indigenous Peoples ...... 103 CHAPTER 5: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT . 104 5.1. Types and scale of impacts ...... 104 5.2. Positive environment and social impacts ...... 105 5.3. Negative potential environmental and social impacts ...... 106 5.3.1. Pre-construction impacts ...... 106 5.3.2. Impacts during construction ...... 109 5.3.3. Environmental and social impacts during operation phase ...... 142 5.4 Analysis of impact types ...... 144 5.4.1 Cumulative impacts...... 144 5.4.2 Direct impacts ...... 144 5.4.3 Indirect impacts ...... 144 5.4.4 Temporary impacts ...... 144 5.4.5 Long-term impacts ...... 144 CHAPTER 6: PLAN ANALYSIS ...... 146 6.1. No Subproject scenario ...... 146 6.2. Subproject scenario ...... 148 CHAPTER 7: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PLAN (ESMoP) ...... 152

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited ii ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE 7.1. Environmental and social management plan (ESMP) ...... 152 7.1.1. Objectives of Environmental and social management plan (ESMP) ...... 152 7.1.2. Mitigation measures ...... 152 b) Measures to minimize negative impacts from drilling ...... 199 7.1.3. Implementation organization ...... 206 7.1.4. Environment compliance framework ...... 213 7.1.5. Grievance redress mechanism ...... 217 7.1.6. ESMP implementation plan ...... 220 7.1.7. Capacity building and training ...... 221 7.2 Environmental monitoring plan ...... 223 7.2.1 Monitoring compliance with mitigation measures ...... 223 7.2.2. Estimated cost ...... 226 CHAPTER 8: COMMUNITY CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 236 8.1. Purpose and method ...... 236 8.2. Implementation ...... 238 8.2.1. Summary of the process of organizing consultation with CPC, organizations ...... 239 8.2.2. A summary of consulting communities affected by the project ...... 241 8.3 Consultation results ...... 241 8.3.1. Comments of Commune People's Committees and local organizations and unions 241 8.3.2.Community's opinions ...... 245 8.4. Investment owner's commitment ...... 246 8.5. Information Dissemination ...... 247 CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND COMMITMENT ...... 249 1. Conclusion ...... 249 2. Recommendations ...... 250 3. Investment owner's commitment ...... 250 REFERENCES ...... 253

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited iii ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: List of experts ...... 13 Table 2.1: Geographical coordinates of the subproject location ...... 17 Table 2.2: The parameters of 14 reservoirs ...... 18 Table 2.3. Summary of current status of reservoirs and construction items of the subproject ...... 21 Table 2.4: Summary of construction volumes of the Subproject ...... 35 Table 2.5: Estimated borrow pit location of each work ...... 36 Table 2.6: Expected locations of weathered soil dumping sites...... 39 Table 3.1: Summary of WB's & Vietnamese Government's environmental assessment procedures ...... 58 Table 4.1. Population situation of Kon Tum province ...... 78 Table 4.2: Labor structure by economic sectors ...... 80 Table 4.3: Structure of agricultural production value in Kon Tum province (%) ...... 80 Table 4-4: Current status assessment of infrastructure in localities ...... 95 Table 4.5: Status of specific works ...... 99 Table 5.1: The criteria for classification of negative impacts ...... 104 Table 5.2: Sources, subjects and scale of impacts during preparation phase ...... 106 Table 5.3: Sources, subjects and scale of impacts during construction phase ...... 109 Table 5.4: Dust emission load at each work ...... 112 Table 5.5: Concentration of total suspended particles (TSP) dispersed in the air for an average of 1 hour due to the earthworks ...... 114 Table 5.6: Fuel consumption norms of basic machine types at the construction site . 115 Table 5.7: Load of air pollutants of vehicles at site ...... 116 Table 5.8: Concentration of pollutants generated by operating vehicles and machines ...... 117 Table 5.9: Emission factor of mobile emission sources (kg/ton of fuel) ...... 117 Table 5.10: Concentration of pollutants generated from transportation of construction materials ...... 118 Table 5.11: Impacts of air pollutants ...... 118 Table 5.12: Screening of the impact level of dust and exhaust emissions caused by earthworks ...... 119 Table 5.13: Coefficient of pollutant load in domestic wastewater ...... 122 Table 5.14: Load of pollutants in domestic wastewater of 40 workers ...... 122 Table 5.15: Amount of wastewater from concrete mixing at each work: ...... 124 Table 5.16: Concentration of pollutants in construction wastewater ...... 125

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited iv ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Table 5.17: Areas directly affected by construction wastewater...... 126 Table 5.18: The amount of storm water runoff generated at each work: ...... 127 Table 5.19: Estimated pollution load in stormwater runoff ...... 128 Table 5.20: Estimated volume of waste soil/rock during subproject construction ..... 129 Table 5.21: Percentage of components in domestic solid waste ...... 131 Table 5.22: Noises generated from construction machinery ...... 133 Table 5.23: Results of noise calculation of machinery and equipment by distance .... 133 Table 5.24: Level of vibration of some construction equipment ...... 134 Table 7.1: Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP) to minimize construction impacts ...... 157 Table 7.2. Mitigation measures for sensitive works ...... 199 Table 7.3: General mitigation measures of impacts during operation phase ...... 204 Table 7.4. Roles and responsibilities of stakeholders ...... 209 Table 7.5: Reporting requirements ...... 217 Table 7.6: Environmental monitoring plan during construction ...... 224 Table 7.7: Estimated costs for ESMP implementation and training monitoring ...... 226 Table 7.8: Cost estimate for environmental treatment facilities, prevention of environmental incidents ...... 227 Table 7.9: Funding for monitoring implementation of ESMP ...... 227 Table 7.10: Summary of mitigation measures during subproject implementation ..... 229 Table 7.11: EMP capital allocation ...... 235

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited v ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2- 1: Location of 14 reservoir work items under the Subproject ...... 16 Figure 4-1: Administrative map of Kon Tum province ...... 66 Figure 4-2: Topographic map of Kon Tum province in particular and Central Highlands in general ...... 68 Figure 4-3: Rainfall map of Kon Tum province ...... 71 Figure 4-4: Average suspended dust concentration in the reservoir areas ...... 76 Figure 4-5: Average noise level in the reservoir areas ...... 76

Figure 4-6: Average biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) in the reservoir areas ...... 77 Figure 4-7: Cultivation area chart in communes under the Subproject ...... 93 Figure 4-8: Population chart in communes under the Subproject ...... 94 Figure 4-9: Chart of the number of poor households in the communes under the Subproject ...... 94 Figure 7-1: Project implementing organization ...... 207 Figure 7-2. Organization chart for Environmental safety policy implementation of the subproject ...... 209

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited vi ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE ABBREVIATIONS AH Affected household AP Affected people CESMP Contractor's Environmental and Social Management Plan CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CPMU Central Project Management Unit CPC Commune People's Committee CPO Central Project Office CSC Construction Supervision Consultant DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development DPC District People's Committee DRSIP Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Project DSR Dam Safety Report DSRP Dam Safety Review Panel ECOP Environmental Codes of Practice EHS Environment, Health and Safety EA Environmental assessment EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EM Ethnic minority ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework EMP Environmental Management Plan EPP Environmental Protection Plan ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMoP Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism IPM Integrated Pest Management MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development MCM Million cubic meters MoH Ministry of Health MoIT Ministry of Industry and Trade

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited vii ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE MoNRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment NEPA National Environmental Protection Agency NGO Non-governmental organization O&M Operation and Maintenance ODA Official development assistance OP/BP World Bank's Policies/Procedures PMU Project Management Unit PoE Panel of Experts PPC Provincial People's Committee PPMU Provincial Project Management Unit RAP Resettlement action plan SA Social assessment TOR Terms of Reference TSP Total suspended particles UXO Unexploded ordnance VEA Vietnam Environment Agency WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited viii ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Background. The project “Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement” loaned from the World Bank by the Vietnamese government to invest in improving the dam’s safety and infrastructure related to the dams nationwide in order to ensure the safety for the operation to protect people and socio-economic infrastructure of downstream communities according to the Government's Decree 114/2018/ND-CP dated September 4, 2018 on Dam and Reservoir Safety Management in Vietnam.

Kon Tum province is located in the North of the Central Highlands, the province has about 490 water resources works including reservoirs, dams and pumping stations; Water resources works serve for active irrigation and drainage for about 13,000 hectares of agricultural land throughout the province; At present, Kon Tum Water Resources Work Management and Exploitation Unit is assigned to manage 175 works, the rest is assigned to the People's Committees of districts/city directly managing, exploiting and using.

In order to ensure controlled and active irrigation for 1,532 hectares of agricultural land in 12 communes of Dak Ha, Dak To, Ngoc Hoi, Sa Thay, Dak Glei districts and Kon Tum city, Kon Tum province; And retrofitting and improve safety for reservoirs, ensure flood drainage, be convenient in the operation & management, the subproject "Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement (WB8) in Kon Tum province" has been proposed for implementation.

Description of the subproject. The repair and upgrading items of the proposed subproject in 14 reservoirs in 12 communes include: Ha Mon, Dak Mar, Dak La, Dak Hring, Dak Ngok - Dak Ha district; Ho Moong, Mo Rai, Sa Nghia - Sa Thay district; Kon Tu Zop - Dak To district; Bo Y - Ngoc Hoi district; Dak Choong - Dak Glei district and Hoa Binh - Kon Tum city.

Specific objectives:

a. To restore and ensure the safety by repairing and upgrading the reservoirs and dams under the subproject which have been degraded or have insufficient flood discharge capacity.

b. To improve institutions and policies on dam management and monitoring at the national level, strengthen management, operation capacity and coordination mechanisms in the basin.

c. To improve project management and implementation, environmental and social management capacity.

Tasks of the subproject:

a. To assess the capacity of each existing project (including reservoir dams, flood spillways and intake culverts) according to current standards and according to the dam safeguard policy framework for repair and replacement solutions, etc. to ensure safe operation throughout the life of the work;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE b. To ensure the capacity of the reservoir in accordance with the actual situation of the irrigation area according to the dam safeguard policy framework (not increasing the storage capacity of the reservoir compared to the original design).

Construction items:

a. Earth dams: Heightening dam crests or building seawalls to reduce the dam height to suit each construction characteristics; Solidifying the dam surface; solidifying the upstream slope with concrete blocks (for dams without roof protection) or repairing the upstream slope, seepage treatment; Completing the slope drainage system for the downstream slope, newly building and repairing the dam body drainage equipment according to regulations.

b. Intake culverts: Repairing the structure of inlet and outlet walls, repairing valve gates, newly replacing the damaged culvert locking device, the downstream culvert on/off valve assembly and newly building protection houses.

c. Flood spillways: Improving the flood drainage capacity to ensure that the spillways are able to drain the flood, it is inspected by expanding the aperture of the surface discharge spillway; For deep discharge spillways with valve gates (Dak Ho Nieng, Ia Bang Thuong Reservoirs), widening the aperture to newly replace damaged valve gates and lock devices; For spillways with stop- log gates (Dak Ngot, Ca Sam Reservoirs), installing valve gates and door- lifting machines; Repairing and renewing damaged structures to ensure flood safety.

d. Management-combined construction roads: choose grade C roads according to rural traffic, pavement structure of concrete M250.

e. Management houses: Renovating management houses, level IV houses with electricity and water systems for living and managing reservoirs.

Preparation of Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Report. The Subproject is designed and implemented in accordance with the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) of DRSIP project approved by the World Bank and in line with the current laws and regulations of Vietnam. The purpose of ESIA Report is to identify the importance of Environmental and Social issues in the decision-making process by assessing environmental and social consequences of the proposed study before undertaking the project activities. Pre-identification and characterization of positive and negative environmental and social impacts will help communities and governments assess potential environmental and social impacts of the proposed subproject and apply mitigation measures to minimize the risk of such impacts. The activities during the preparation, construction and operation of the Subproject are analyzed, evaluated and proposed to prevent and minimize impacts on environment and living of local residents. The results from screening 14/14 reservoirs meet the project criteria and the Subproject is classified as B category in term of environment. It also triggers 05 safety policies, including: OP/BP 4.01 (Environmental

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE assessment), OP 4.09 (Pest management), OP/BP 4.37 (Safety of Dams), OP/BP 4.10 (Indigenous peoples), OP/BP 4.12 (Involuntary resettlement).

Environmental impacts and mitigation measures: Subproject impacts are both positive and negative.

Repairing and upgrading 14 reservoirs will positively change some microclimate factors in the region, stabilizing water surface area will change microclimate conditions of each reservoir area. After completion, there will be the increase of the stability of the water supply for agricultural production and safety of works and dam downstream in rainy season to ensure development conditions for coastal vegetation communities, create landscapes around reservoirs and local transportation.

Negative impacts are assessed before, during construction and operation. Potential negative impacts are analyzed and forecasted to minimize damages.

Impacts during construction preparation:

Some activities to prepare for the construction include: UXO clearance activities carried out by the specialized unit of the army in the province cause potential risks of landmine risks affecting human lives; Geological survey drilling activities of the design consultant cause risks to geology and groundwater in the area; Clearing and land clearance activities in the areas cause impacts on the land surface, causing risks of erosion and landslides, generating plant biomass during the clearing process.

For negative impacts due to land acquisition, the survey results show that the implementation of the subproject affects a total of about 34.9 ha of land, of which: 30.5 ha of old or locally managed land, including dams, flood spillways and construction roads. The area occupied by people is 4.4 ha (44,075.2 m2). Of which:

- Permanently acquired area is 30,371.2 m2 of agricultural production land from 66 households, including: 4,026.1 m2 of annual crop land; 25,137.2 m2 of perennial crop (coffee) land and 1,207.9 m2 of aquaculture land.

- Temporary acquisition area is 12,974.0 m2 of the land area managed by Commune People's Committee, serving borrow pit design and disposal area.

- The area is restricted to the ability to use productive land as it is within the dam safety corridor: 730 m2, including 02 fish ponds of 2 households. Fish ponds are located downstream of the dam foot. Loss of structures and crops are as follows: - Statistical loss of structures: the subproject affects 04 aquaculture ponds with a total area of 1,937.9 m2, including 02 fish ponds at the dam foot within the work safety corridor with the area of 730 m2 of 02 households and 02 fish ponds outside the scope of work safety corridor with area of 1,207.9 m2 of 02 households. All ponds have manual embankment structures with their bank height of less than 1m, which are statistically compensated for people's digging efforts.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Trees and crops: The subproject affects a total of 66 households with mainly affected trees including coffee, rubber and cassava.

Impacts during construction:

There are potential impacts related to construction like noise and vibration, dust and gas emissions from vehicles and machinery operation during construction, impacts on water and soil quality due to waste, landslide and sedimentation, social conflicts between workers and local people, destruction of vegetation, traffic disturbance, accident risk, etc. The research and assessment showed that the subproject impacts are not large due to the small size of the works in each reservoir and the mobilization of vehicles, machinery and labor is not in large scale. These impacts are in small spatial, only cause local and intermittent impacts and are assessed at low and medium levels.

Impacts during operation: Potential impacts during the operation of reservoirs include the risk of drowning, waste of operation units, risk of landslides, sedimentation of reservoirs, changes in aquatic ecosystems and flow regime. In addition, the emergency flood discharge in the rainy season causes risks of unsafe for downstream areas, risks of flash floods and local flooding.

The proposed measures for negative impacts include: ➢ Measures during construction preparation phase: - Demining solutions: The subproject will hire units with sufficient functions and qualifications such as conducting clearance of bombs, mines and explosive objects before the entire construction on the component project sites. Ensuring safe distance and warnings for people during the implementation in accordance with QCVN 01: 2012/BQP-National technical regulation on mine action and QCVN 02: 2008/BCT-National technical regulation on safety in the storage, transportation, use and disposal of industrial explosive materials. - Safety measures during drilling for geological exploration: After drilling for geological exploration, the design surveyors will backfill drilled holes and repair the ground in the areas to minimize contamination of groundwater due to infiltration of contaminants via drilled holes; - Measures for waste disposal during site clearance: There is a plan to clean up the ground, limit the shortcomings preventing the drainage process in the area. For grasses and shrubs (small volume): Clearing, gathering into piles, for people to make use of them as firewood and burying leaves in a hygienic manner. For perennial industrial plants (coffee, rubber): Inform people to collect before clearing, breaking down. Clearing leaves and roots into piles for people to make use of them as firewood, drying and burying the surplus leaves in a hygienic manner. - Measures to ensure surface erosion protection in the rainy season after clearing;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Land compensation and clearance solutions according to the prepared Resettlement Action Plan (RAP); Solutions for clearance, land clearance, machinery & equipment concentration. ➢ Measures during construction: Include measures to control air pollution, noise, vibration; Measures to collect and treat domestic wastewater, construction waste water, solid waste and hazardous waste; limit soil erosion; Measures for traffic safety and drainage; Measures to ensure occupational health and safety, security and order in the locality. The impacts during the construction phase will be mitigated through the application of ECOP and specific mitigation measures as specifically presented in details in Chapter 7 of the Report. ➢ Measures during operation phase: Include measures to prevent drowning risks; application of Integrated Pest Management (IPM); Handle domestic waste from activities of reservoir operators; Measures to repair and maintain and regulate reservoirs and emergency flood discharge in case of large floods affecting downstream; Mitigation measures for disaster risks that cause unsafe. Specific measures and units responsible for implementation and monitoring are presented in Chapter 7 of the Report.

Implementation organization. The CPMU recruits and hires independent monitoring consultants and project support consultants to conduct independent monitoring and regular supports of project activities. They will assess the compliance with the safeguard policies and the implementation of the tools in practice, including Environmental Management Plan/Environment Code of Practice (ECOP), Resettlement Policy Framework/Resettlement Action Plan, Ethnic Minority Development Plan, Gender Action Plan.

For this Subproject, the PPMU is responsible for implementation and monitoring of the ESMP compliance, ensuring that bidding documents and civil works contracts include environmental covenants for Contractors’ compliance. The Contractors will carry out construction activities and comply with environmental covenants as agreed in the contracts. The Contractor's environmental and social management plan (C- ESMP) is reviewed and approved by PPMU and sent to relevant units and disseminated to the community in accordance with the law of Vietnam before the Contractor commence the construction activities. The PPMU and its Consultants will monitor the compliance with the mitigation measures agreed with the Contractors. In addition, the Contractors’ compliance will be closely monitored by the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Kon Tum province, local authorities and local people.

Capacity building. During the implementation, the PPMU has received supports from the CPMU on the World Bank's environmental safeguard policy. CPMU and PPMU staff has been trained by the World Bank's safeguard specialists on environmental safeguard policies of the project, including OP 4.01 (Environmental Assessment), General Guidelines for Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) by IFC, OP 4.04 (Natural Habitats), OP 4.10 (Indigenous Peoples) and OP 4.12 (Involuntary

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Resettlement) etc. During the subproject implementation, the training on the environmental safeguard policy by the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) and Contractor's EHS staff is regular to update WB's requirements on safeguard policies. The PPMU, during the subproject implementation, will receive regular supports from the Independent Monitoring Consultant and Technical Assistance Consultant on the CPMU's safeguard policy relating to the management of dam safety risks, monitoring the implementation of the ESMP.

The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM): Complaints related to any issues of the Subproject will be resolved by negotiations to reach consensus. Complaints will be resolved through three stages before submission to court. The Implementing unit will pay all administrative and legal fees related to the acceptance of complaints. These are included in the subproject budget.

Community consultation: During the ESIA preparation, Consultations were conducted twice: First time, right after the environmental screening is completed and before the TOR, the ESIA report is completed; Second time, after the first draft of the ESIA report is prepared. Participants in the meetings include: Representatives of local authorities from 12 communes under the subproject; Social organizations: Fatherland Front, Women's Union, Youth Union, Farmer's Union, etc.; Representatives of households in the project area include households whose lands are likely to be acquired (68 households), beneficiaries (57 households/1,941 households). Consultation results show that local authorities and communities in the subproject area are very supportive and expect the subproject to be implemented soon (100% of participants, 125 consulted households/1,941 affected households at the consultation meeting agreed on the implementation of the subproject). At the same time, the Project Owner also commits to regularly coordinate with local authorities and construction contractors to well manage staff and workers during the subproject implementation, compensate for traffic infrastructure damage caused by the subproject construction, comply with the World Bank's frameworks and Vietnamese Government's laws. Be responsible before the law for violating international conventions, Vietnam standards and regulations on environmental protection.

Information Disclosure. In compliance with OP 4.01 policy and the World Bank's policy on access to information, since the preparation phase of the subproject, the information on land appropriation and entitlements of APs has been transmitted through mass media to the community and directly communicated to local authorities. PPMU has disseminated and consulted directly with communities (including affected people and beneficiaries) and directly consulted with representatives of local department and mass organizations (Commune People's Committee and Fatherland Front Committee, Women's Union, Farmer's Union, etc.) in August 2018. The draft ESIA Report in Vietnamese was sent to the CPCs for dissemination and consultation with affected people and local mass organizations in December 2018. Expectedly in July 2019, the final ESIA will be disclosed on the project website in Vietnamese and the WB's external website in English before the subproject appraisal.

Conclusion. The Subproject: "Rehabilitation and Improvement of Dam Safety" of Kon Tum province may cause negative impacts in the implementation phases (preparation for construction, construction and operation), however, due to the small size of

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE construction works, short-term impacts, limit in small area, impacts are negligible; therefore, proposed mitigation measures are evaluated as feasible, appropriate to the natural, socio-economic and management and construction conditions in the localities.

An environmental and social monitoring and management plan is set up to monitor impacts to update the subproject managers and the local authorities and people regularly on the implementation of the subproject. The monitoring plan prepared and approved by the WB will be applied for the subproject implementation. The Monitoring Consultant frequently inspects and reports monthly on the subproject’s safeguards compliance to the PPMU.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION

Vietnam is one of the Nations that own largest networks of dams and hydraulic infrastructure in the world, including 7,000 dams of different types and sizes. More than 750 dams are able to be classified as large dams (over 15 m high or between 5 and 15 m wide with the water reservoir storage in excess of 3,000,000 m3). The number of small dams (less than 15 m with the water reservoir storage lower than 3,000,000 m3) is estimated to be over 6,000, which are mainly earth dams. Of the total 4,000,000 ha of agricultural land, more than 3,000,000 ha are irrigated by 6,648 dams.

Many small-medium reservoirs were built in 1960s with limited technical surveys, designs and construction. These factors together with limited operation and maintenance, many dams have been degraded, unsafe and failed to meet the international safety standards. In addition, the increase in risks and loss of safety by hydrological conditions due to climate change as well as rapid development of infrastructure and society in the upstream have caused many reservoirs to be at risk such as subsidence of major structures, permeability to main dams and/or subsidiary dams/surrounding water-intake works, deformation of upstream/downstream slopes, spillway incidents etc.

Awareness of the importance of infrastructure guarantee for the country’s sustainable economic growth, the Government launched a dam safety program in 2003, of which “Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement” Project (DRSIP) financed by the World Bank, which supports dam safety and reservoirs and operational safety to downstream populations and socio-economic infrastructure that are at risk, ensures the downstream integrated development planning and strengthens institutional coordination and future development and safe operation of reservoirs.

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) is responsible for the implementation and management of the entire project. The Provinces repair and upgrade dams under Component 1 and MARD will coordinate activities with the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT) and MONRE under Component 2. The Central Project Office (under MARD) is responsible for coordinating and monitoring the entire project. The repair and preparation of dam safety plans, including protection and commissioning, are centered on provincial government. The Provincial People's Committee (PPC), the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD) are the managers at the provincial level. The PPMU is responsible for managing and supervising the works with the support from the CPO.

The selection of rehabilitation dams by the Project was based on unified criteria, probability and severity of incidents and risks to human and socio-economic infrastructure, paying importance of economic benefits in the poverty and inequality framework. The assessment criteria for dam safety include: (i) dam incident probability (structural risk that is based on height and capacity); (ii) impact of dam incident on downstream people; (iii) impact of dam incident on downstream infrastructure, (iv) context of poverty and impact, (v) areas of ethnic minorities; and (vi) the readiness.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE The Project is implemented in 34 provinces in the North, Central and Highlands. There are about 450 selected dams. The project components include:

- Component 1: Dam Safety Rehabilitation (US$ 412 million, of which IDA’s funding is US$ 388.5 million)

- Component 2: Dam Safety Management and Planning (US$ 20 million, of which IDA’s funding is US$ 17 million)

- Component 3: Project Management Support (US$ 11 million, of which IDA’s funding is US$ 9.5 million)

In the second year, the Project will support the repair and solidification of related infrastructure and dams. About 90% of the proposed dams are earth dams which are less than 15m high and their design capacity are less than 3 million m3. The Project does not invest in completely changing existing structure or new construction or expansion of main structure; main items of the project only focus on repairing and re- shaping structure of main dams, secondary dams, strengthening upstream slope by concrete and stones, reinforcing or expanding spillways to increase drainage capacity, repair or rehabilitation of existing intake culverts, replacement of hydraulic system at sluice gates (intake culverts) and spillway gate, drilling for waterproofing of the main dam bodies, upgrading service roads.

The Project will be implemented for for 6 years, from 08/7/2016 to 30/6/2022. With regard to the environmental protection, the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) of the Project was approved by the World Bank and disclosed in 2015. The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the next years of the subprojects will be carried out following the project progress agreed between CPMU, PPMU and World Bank.

In Kon Tum province, the Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject is to ensure the safety of the reservoirs through the repair and rehabilitation of 14 dam reservoirs and solidifying related infrastructure; proactively irrigating water, strengthening management capacity and safe operation of dams to protect the population and socio-economic infrastructure of the project area in 12 communes under Dak Ha, Dak To and Ngoc Hoi, Dak Glei, Sa Thay districts and Kon Tum city. 1.1. Approaches and methodology

The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) is implemented in accordance with the World Bank’s regulations and the Law on Environmental Protection and other laws and regulations of the Government of Vietnam. The purpose of the ESIA is to identify the importance of Environmental and Social issues in the decision-making process by studying, assessing environmental and social impacts, and proposed mitigation measures before implementing the project activities. Pre- identification and characterization of important environmental and social impacts will help communities and governments assess potential environmental and social impacts of the proposed subproject and apply mitigation measures to minimize the risk of such impacts.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 9 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE 1.1.1 Methodology for social impact assessment

The objectives of the social assessment (SA), in parallel with the environmental impact assessment of the Subproject, with two objectives: First, it considers potential positive and negative impacts of the subprojects based on the implementation plan of the subproject activities. Second, it finds from the design of measures addressing potential adverse impact and proposing community development activities that are relevant to the subproject development objectives. For identified adverse impacts, consultation with local people, governmental agencies, project stakeholders, etc., were carried out to ensure that affected people will be appropriately compensated and supported in a manner that their socioeconomic activities will be promptly and fully restored to the pre-project level, at least, and that their livelihoods will not be worse off, in the long run, as a result of the subprojects.

A part of the social assessment is ethnic minority (EM) peoples who are living in the subproject area and are confirmed by the EM screening (WB’s OP 4.10), consultations are informed in advance in an appropriate manner to determine support for the community when implementing the subproject. The EM screening was conducted based on WB’s OP 4.10 and implemented within the social assessment scope and area corresponding to the scope of the environmental assessment (according to OP 4.01).

A gender analysis in the subproject area was also done as part of the SA to describe Gender features in the subproject area to enable gender mainstreaming to gender equality improvement and to enhance further development effectiveness of the subprojects and the Project as a whole. Depending on the magnitude of the identified potential project impacts and the project development objectives, a gender action plan and a gender monitoring plan were prepared.

To ensure that any potential impacts can be identified during the project preparation, the SA was conducted through series of consultations with the stakeholders. A particular focus was the households which are potentially affected (both positively and adversely) by the Subproject. The assessment techniques for this SA include 1) review of secondary data, 2) field observations; 3) focus groups discussions/community meetings, 4) key informant interviews, and 5) households survey.

1.1.2 Methodology for environmental impact assessment

During the ESIA process the Consultant used a combination of the following methods.

(a) Rapid assessment method

The Rapid Assessment Method was issued by the World Health Organization in 1993. The basis of this method is based on the nature of material, technology, rules of processes in nature and experience to quantify pollutant discharge load.

In Vietnam, it has been introduced and applied in many ESIA studies, which performs relatively accurately the calculation of pollutant discharge under limited conditions of instrumentation and analysis.

(b) The method of building impact matrix

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Establishing correlation between impact of each project activity on each issue and environmental component as shown on the impact matrix. On that basis, orienting detailed contents of impact study.

(c) Comparative method

The comparison method is to evaluate the environmental quality, effluent discharge quality, pollutant discharge load... on the basis of comparison with the relevant environmental standards and regulations of MoNRE and MOH as well as related study and experiment topics.

(d) Description of environmental system

Identifying subproject components that affect the environment. Identifying in full effluents, related environmental issues for detailed assessment.

(e) Enumerating method

It is used extensively (since the National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) has been established in some countries) and yields positive results thank to its advantages as mentioned above such as clear approach and systematic supply during system analysis and evaluation. There are two main types: A descriptive list of the environmental components to be studied along with measurement, forecasting and evaluation. A simple list of environmental components which are likely affected to be studied.

(f) System analysis method

This method is quite popular in the environment assessment. The advantage of this approach is the comprehensive assessment of impacts, which is very useful in identifying impacts and sources of waste. It is based on the assessment of waste sources, impacted objects, environmental components, etc., as the elements in a system have close relationship with each other, thereby, we can identify, analyze, and evaluate impacts.

(g) Community consultation method

This method is used during interviews with local leaders and local people to gather necessary information for the Subproject's ESIA preparation, introduction of benefits and possible negative impacts of the Subproject on the environment and the life. Based on that, we can aggregate feedback and aspirations of local people.

On the other hand, we can directly interview local officials and local people on socio- economic development, farming practices and environmental sanitation.

(h) Method of collection and analysis of information and data

This method aims at identifying and evaluating natural and socio-economic conditions in the subproject area through data and information collected from different sources

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 11 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE such as: Statistical yearbook, socio-economic report, current status of environment and related research works.

(i) Field survey method

Field survey is required when carrying out the assessment of social and environmental impacts to determine the current status of the subproject area, related objects and to select sampling locations, survey of status of water supply, drainage, electricity supply etc.

The consulting agency carried out topographical and geological surveys and collected hydro-meteorological data for design in accordance with the current standards of Vietnam. These survey results are used to assess the natural conditions in the subproject area.

(j) Expert method

Based on the knowledge and experience of environmental science of environmental impact assessment experts of the Consultancy Agency and other scientific research agencies.

(k) Method of sampling and analysis in laboratory

Sampling and analysis of environmental components (soil, water, air) is indispensable in identifying and assessing the status of baseline environment quality in the subproject area.

After field survey, the sampling and analysis program will be developed with the main contents as sampling locations, measurement and analysis parameters, manpower, equipment and tools in need, implementation time, sample preservation plan, analysis plan etc.

For Kon Tum subproject, the Consultant coordinated with the Environmental Monitoring Agency to monitor, take and analyze samples of air, water and soil in 14 reservoirs to assess the current quality of environment components. The sampling, analysis and preservation are in accordance with the current Vietnam standards. 1.2. Preparation of ESIA report

Subproject management

PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" (WB8) ON KON TUM PROVINCIAL AREA.

- Address: No. 42 Hoang Dieu, Kon Tum City, Kon Tum province.

- Representative: Mr. Nguyen Van Tu Position: General Director

- Phone: 02603.917848 Fax: 02603.917848

Consultancy Agency that makes report

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 12 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Contractor Joint-venture: VIET ENVIRONMENT COMPANY LIMITED AND INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE.

* Join-venture Leading firm: Viet Environment Company Limited

- Represented by Mr.: Lu Cong Thanh - Position: Director

- Address: No. 101 Huynh Thuc Khang, Quang Trung ward, Kon Tum city, Kon Tum province

- Phone: 0260.6251398 - E-mail: [email protected]

* Partner: Institute for Sustainable Development and Climate Change

- Represented by Mr.: Mai Thai An - Position: Institute Director

- Address: P410, N4AB Trung Hoa - Nhan Chinh, Nhan Chinh ward, Thanh Xuan district, Hanoi city

- Phone: 02439446854 - E-mail: [email protected]

Table 1.1: List of experts

No. Full name Specialty Tasks/position

Team leader/coordinating the 1 Phan Van Tan Social Specialist preparation of report

Team deputy leader/In charge of Environmental 2 Nguyen Phuoc environmental part, Field survey; Specialist environmental impact assessment

Community consultation; social Le Thi Kim 3 Social Specialist impact assessment; preparation of Thanh resettlement plan.

Field survey; social impact Rural assessment and agricultural 4 Le Chi Cong Development/Livelihood extension and rural development Specialist method proposal.

Field survey; land use impact 5 Bui Xuan Tung Resettlement Specialist assessment.

Community consultation; Dang Hoang 6 Gender Specialist assessment of social impacts Linh related to gender issues.

Community consultation; Ethnic Minority 7 Tran Thi Ly assessment of social impacts Specialist related to ethnic minorities

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 13 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

No. Full name Specialty Tasks/position

Field survey; assessment of Ecological Environment 8 Mai Thai An environmental impacts, Specialist biodiversity

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 14 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

CHAPTER 2: SUB-PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum area is carried out to ensure the safety of the reservoirs by rehabilitating and improving safety for 14 dam reservoirs and solidifying related infrastructure works in the area of 12 communes in 06 districts/city of Kon Tum province. Most of the works have been built and exploiting for a very long time, with signs of serious degradation, dam bodies do not ensure safety, intake culverts and flood spillway are degraded, management roads and O&M houses have not been invested in construction, making it difficult to manage the works, especially in the rainy season. 2.1. Objectives of Subproject

The “Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8), Kon Tum province” is implemented to accomplish the following objectives: To support the implementation of the Program to ensure safety of reservoirs through repairing, upgrading of priority dams, strengthening of management capacity and safe operation of dams to protect population and downstream socio-economic infrastructure.

Specific objectives:

- To restore and ensure the safety by repairing and upgrading the reservoirs and dams under the subproject which have been degraded or have insufficient flood discharge capacity.

- To improve institutions and policies on dam management and monitoring at the national level, strengthen management, operation capacity and coordination mechanisms in the basin.

- To improve project management and implementation, environmental and social management capacity. 2.2. Geographical location of the subproject

The “Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8), Kon tum province will rehabilitate and upgrade 14 reservoirs/dams in Kon Tum province, expected to be implemented in 12 communes of 06 districts and city of Kon Tum province. The specific location of each reservoir is as follows: 1. C3 Reservoir - Ha Mon commune, Dak Ha district; 2. C4 Reservoir - Ha Mon commune, Dak Ha district; 3. C3 Reservoir (704) - Dak Mar commune, Dak Ha district; 4. A1 Reservoir of team 4 - Dak Mar commune, Dak Ha district; 5. C2 Reservoir - Dak Ngok commune, Dak Ha district; 6. Ca Sam Reservoir - Dak La commune, Dak Ha district; 7. Hamlet 9 Reservoir - Dak Hring, Dak Ha district; 8. Team 5 Reservoir - Ho Moong commune, Sa Thay District;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 15 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE 9. Ya Xang Reservoir - Mo Rai commune, Sa Thay district; 10. Dak Ngot Reservoir - Sa Nghia commune, Sa Thay district. 11. Ia Bang Thuong Reservoir - Hoa Binh commune, Kon Tum City; 12. Dak Ho Nieng Reservoir - Bo Y commune, Ngoc Hoi district; 13. Kon Tu Zop Reservoir - Po Ko commune, Dak To district; 14. Dak Tin Lake - Dak Choong commune, Dak Glei district.

Figure 2- 1: Location of 14 reservoir work items under the Subproject

Location coordinates of works are summarized in the following table:

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 16 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Table 2.1: Geographical coordinates of the subproject location Coordinate System VN 2000, central meridian 0 0 No. Name of reservoir 107 30’, projection zone 3 X (m) Y (m)

1 C3 1596.668 544.265

2 C4 1600.675 543.783

3 A1 Team 4 1606.251 542.127

4 Ca Sam 1599.890 546.385

5 C2 1608.828 547.419

6 Hamlet 9 1613.124 546.413

7 C3 (704) 1608.468 546.200

8 Kon Tu Zop 1610.627 533.465

9 Dak Ho Nieng 1622035 511241

10 Reservoir team 5 1599918 538269

11 Ya Xang 1591225 506820

12 Dak Ngot 1592994 534442

13 Dak Tin 1678181 530057

14 Ia Bang Thuong 1576958 548328

Source: Google Earth

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 17 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

2.3. Current status of works and construction items

- Work type: Agriculture and rural development works - hydraulic works.

- Work level: Level II; level III and level IV (according to TCVN 04-05:2012/BNN&PTNN).

Table 2.2: The parameters of 14 reservoirs

H of V of Flood frequency Irrigation area (ha) Reservoir No. Work damp reservoir category Design Inspection Design Reality (m) million m3

1 C3 10.3 0.37 III 1.5% 0.5% 200 270

2 C4 8.0 0.21 III 1.5% 0.5% 20 20

3 Team 5 17.0 0.70 II 1.0% 0.2% 168 168

4 Ca Sam 13.6 1.70 III 1.5% 0.5% 167 167

5 Ia Bang Thuong 14.0 2.13 III 1.5% 0.5% 335 129

6 Dak Ho Nieng 12.7 1.30 III 1.5% 0.5% 300 437

7 Kon Tu Zop 13.0 0.50 III 1.5% 0.5% 47 47

8 Dak Tin 14.0 0.39 III 1.5% 0.5% 60 40

9 C2 6.0 0.20 IV 2.0% 1.0% 50 50

10 A1 Team 4 6.2 0.31 IV 2.0% 1.0% 50 50

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 18 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

H of V of Flood frequency Irrigation area (ha) Reservoir No. Work damp reservoir category Design Inspection Design Reality (m) million m3

11 Hamlet 9 13.6 0.87 III 1.5% 0.5% 45 45

12 Ya Xang 17.0 0.57 II 1.0% 0.2% 62 57

13 C3 (704) 6.0 0.35 III 1.5% 0.5% 20 20

14 Dak Ngot 12.5 0.25 III 1.5% 0.5% 32 32

Total 9.6 1,556 1,532 (Extracted from the Description of subproject feasibility study report)

Building and repairing 04 management houses for reservoir clusters of Ngoc Hoi, Sa Thay, Dak Ha districts and Kon Tum city to facilitate the monitoring, management and operation of work clusters of districts and city. The size is as follows:

*. Central management house of Dak Ha district: 2 floors; grade III

Construction area: 198.8 m2; Floor area: 385 m2;

Distance to hydraulic dams range from 3km - 7km.

*. Central management house of Ngoc Hoi district: 2 floors; grade III

Construction area: 148.6 m2; Floor area: 284.6 m2;

Distance to hydraulic dams is about 6km.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 19 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

*. Central management house of Sa Thay district: 2 floors; grade III

Construction area: 148.6 m2; Floor area: 284.6 m2;

Distance to hydraulic dams range from 2km – 22km.

*. Central management house of Kon Tum City: 2 floors; grade III

Construction area: 221.2 m2; Floor area: 429.2 m2;

Distance to hydraulic dams is about 7km.

* Irrigation Station is about 35 km from Dak Tin hydraulic dam

Reinforced concrete single-foundation structure; columns, beams, reinforced concrete floors of stones 10x20, M200, hollow brick walls; VXM M50 plaster, mastics, 3-layer water paint; doors, copper windows of steel core plastic types, white glass of 5 mm thick; Ceramics- tiled foundations; White-painted concrete ceiling, cement roof tile of 11 pieces/ m2.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 20 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Table 2.3. Summary of current status of reservoirs and construction items of the subproject

Location Current status Construction items

C3 reservoir located in Ha Mon commune, Dak Ha district *. Earth dam: Solidifying dam crest by M250 concrete; was built in 1978. Its task is to provide irrigation water for Upstream slope: to protect the slope with reinforced 1) C3 270 ha of coffee plantation with individual pumps. Current concrete slabs with a reverse filtration layer, reinforced Reservoir - status of work items: from the dam crest to the base of the dam roof Ha Mon Downstream slope: planting grass, dam foot is arranged commune, * Earth dam: the earth dam was eroded, the seepage flow with drainage objects of tile-stone roof type; Handling Dak Ha through the dam was relatively large. The dam crest and termites of the old earth dam body. district upstream, downstream slopes were degraded, landslide. *. Flood spillway: Building the flood spillway with intake * Flood spillway: The entrance has sediment, significantly canal L = 11.30m width of b=3,0÷5,40(m); spillway buried, obstructing the flow upon flood discharge. Inside threshold has length of L = 5m, with of B=3m; Structure: the spillway threshold, there is also a lot of sedimentation, Reinforced concrete M200. reducing the drainage cross-section area of the spill. *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition * Intake culvert: The work does not have an intake culvert; and seepage monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies. , irrigation water from reservoirs via pump stations;

* Management road: The dam shoulder is connected to the rural road, so the management and travel is quite convenient.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 21 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

The work was built in 1978 with a scale of construction *. Earth dam: Downstream surcharge by compacted including earth dams, flood discharge spillways, which are homogeneous soil K=0.97; Reinforcing the dam crest by 2) C4 responsible for providing irrigation water for about 160 ha concrete M250; Building upstream reinforced concrete Reservoir - of coffee. Current status is as follows: seawalls with the crest at the elevation of 581.20m and Ha Mon building downstream guardrails. commune, * Earth dam: Dam crest, upstream slope: not yet Dak Ha reinforced and protected. Lots of bushes and grass grow on *. Flood spillway: Construct the spillway with flood district the upstream slopes. Downstream slopes have a lot of tall drainage width Bt = 5m; The spillway has a total length of bushes of 2-4 m growing all over the surface. 113.8m; Structure: Reinforced concrete M200; connect with the backyard by gabions. * Flood spillway: Made of soil to drain flood so it is eroded significantly. A segment of the spillway made of bricks has *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition been damaged. The canal behind the spillway is made of and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam soil, has sediment and lots of grass. bodies.

* Intake culvert: The reservoir does not have intake *. Management and operation road: upgrading dirt road culvert. People collect water from the reservoir by using a of 60m long, road surface of Bm= 3m wide, concrete portable pump around the reservoir. M250 structure. Two parties arrange drainage ditches with concrete slab covers. * Management road: is the dirt road with large longitudinal slope, uneven road surface that is very difficult to travel, especially in the rainy season.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 22 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

A1 Reservoir Work was built in 1987 by Dak Uy 3 Farm to *. Earth dam: Downstream surcharge by compacted serve for coffee irrigation of the farm. The work has a homogeneous soil K=0.97; dam crest width of B = 6m, 3) A1 simple scale. Current status of the work: reinforcing the dam crest by concrete M250; Building Reservoir of upstream and downstream reinforced concrete seawalls team 4 - Dak - Earth dam: Dams have been degraded, safety is not with the crest at the elevation of 573.60m. Mar guaranteed. commune, - Upstream slope: To protect the slope with reinforced Dak Ha - Flood spillway: The flood spillway was deeply eroded, its concrete slabs with a reverse filtration layer, reinforced district; cross section is amorphously deformed. from the dam crest to the base of the dam roof.

- Intake culvert: The reservoir does not have intake culvert. - Downstream slope: To protect the slope with reinforced concrete slabs with a reverse filtration layer, reinforced - Management road: It has a large longitudinal slope, rough from the dam crest to the base of the dam roof. and uneven surface that is very difficult to travel, especially in the rainy season, cars cannot access. - Handling termites of the old earth dam body;

- Irrigation status: The reservoir provides irrigation water *. Flood spillway: Building the spillway with flood for an area of 50 ha of coffee around it by dynamics. drainage width Bt=15m (3x5m); concrete M200 structure.

*. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies.

*. Management and operation road: upgrading dirt road of 600m long, roadbed of Bn = 4m wide, road surface of Bm = 3m wide, concrete M250 structure.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 23 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

Ca Sam reservoir built in 2002 is responsible for irrigating *. Earth dam The 6m-wide, 324m-long dam crest is 100ha of agricultural land, over time the current status of reinforced with M250 concrete, dam crest elevation of 4) Ca Sam the work is as follows: 562.60m; Upstream slope: repairing a number of damaged Reservoir - slope sites by reinforced concrete slabs; Downstream Dak La * Earth dam: The dam surface is earthy, there is no slope: the slope is planted with grasses to protect and built commune, seawall, the dam surface is uneven. There is a seepage of with drainage ditches; Handling termites of the old earth Dak Ha the dam downstream. There are some termites on the dam. dam body; district * Intake culvert: A round-shaped culvert with cased steel. *. Flood spillway: Building the spillway threshold with Control gates are damaged downstream cone valves without the width of flood discharge Bt = 9.4m (2x4.7m), valve protection house. including 2 deep discharge-type compartments with on/off valve gates with the valve gate top elevation of 560.80m * Management road: The road route is degraded, traveling and the valve gate bottom of 560.00m; concrete M200 is difficult. structure. The entrance, water slope and stilling basin of * Management house: Recently the house is unused and the old spillway are reused. almost damaged, only with a house frame. *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies.

*. Management and operation road: upgrading dirt road of 1596m long, roadbed of Bn = 4m wide, road surface of Bm = 3m wide, concrete M250 structure.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 24 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

C2 Reservoir was built in 1987 by Dak Uy 3 Farm. Current *. Earth dam: status of the work is as follows: 5) C2 - Upstream slope: Surcharging, reinforcing slope Reservoir - - Earth dam: The upstream slope is not reinforced with protection by poured-in-place M200 reinforced concrete. Dak Ngok strong erosion, deformation; the downstream slope has no commune, surface drainage system and drainage cell. Dams have been - Dam crest: Reinforcing the dam crest by concrete M250; Dak Ha degraded, safety is not guaranteed. building upstream seawalls, and downstream wheel district guards. - Flood spillway: The spillway bottom was deeply eroded, its cross section is amorphously deformed, the slope is high. - Downstream slope: Planting grasses in a plot of (3m*3m) by surface drainage ditches with gravel mixture. - Management road: The route has some passages with large slopes, rough and uneven surface that is very difficult - Handling termites of the old earth dam body; to travel, especially in the rainy season, Cars' travel is very difficult. *. Flood spillway: Expanding the old spillway threshold of wide free flow, the threshold has been arranged a traffic bridge. The spillway has reinforced concrete structure. *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies.

*. Management and operation roads: Upgrading the dirt road route connecting from the earth dam to the inter- commune concrete road. Road route of 867m long, roadbed of Bn = 4m wide, road surface of Bm = 3m long,

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 25 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

concrete M250 structure.

6) Hamlet 9 Hamlet 9 reservoir was built in 2002 with the design task of *. Dam crest: Reinforcing the dam crest by concrete Reservoir - ensuring irrigation for 45ha (25 ha of 2-seasoned rice crops M250, width of B=6m, length of 250m. Building upstream Dak Hring, and 20 ha of coffee). seawalls, and downstream wheel guards. Reinforcing Dak Ha upstream and downstream slopes. Handling termites of the district - Earth dam: The dam body has severe water leakage, old earth dam body. flowing into streams, water is cloudy, and dam body is possible of mechanical erosion. Downstream slope is *. Flood spillway: Demolishing the entrance, narrow eroded. section and spillway body to stilling pool, Design of construction of new spillway with control gates with - Flood spillway: The earth canal section after the stilling spillway opening width of B = 5.6m. pool is eroded without safety assurance. *. Intake culvert: repairing inlets, replacing butterfly - Management road: This is a residential and production valves, constructing the butterfly valve protection house; route of people, it is a soil compacted road with its surface width of (4-5) m, ensuring cars are accessible, it is dusty in *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition the dry season and slippery in the rainy season. and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies.

*. Management and operation road: Upgrading the dirt road of 1.32km long. Roadbed width Bn=4m; Road surface width Bm=3m, road surface structure of cement concrete M250.

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Location Current status Construction items

7) C3 Reservoir C3 (704) was built in 2002, with the task of *. Earth dam: Reinforcing the dam crest by concrete Reservoir supplying irrigation water for 20 hectares of coffee in the M250, width of B=5m, length of 245m. Building upstream (704) - Dak kinetic form (pumping water from the reservoir for seawalls, and downstream wheel guards. Handling Mar irrigation). termites of the old earth dam body. commune, Dak Ha * Earth dam: The dam surface is made of soil, the dam *Flood spillway: Constructing a new spillway with a district; surface is concave and washable. The upstream slope has flood discharge width of Bt = 15m (2x5m+2x2.5m), not been reinforced for protection, was eroded and including 4 compartments, of which 2 middle deformed. Downstream slope is eroded, there is no drainage compartments are free spillways and 02 boundary ditch for the dam roof, no drainage equipment for the dam compartments are a deep discharge-type spillway with body. on/off valve gates.

* Flood drain: The flood drain is located under the dam on *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition the left of the earth dam shoulder. The drain has concrete and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam structure, which has been damaged, is very difficult to bodies. operate. Its downstream is an earth canal with severe landslide. *. Management road: Upgrading the dirt road route connecting from the earth dam to the inter-commune * Flood spillway: The spillway tail suffers strong erosion, concrete road. Road of 245.6m long, roadbed of Bn = 4m there is no operating bridge. wide, road surface of Bm = 3m long, concrete M250 structure.

Kon Tu Zop irrigation work was built in 2005 to irrigate 35 *. Earth dam: Solidifying the dam crest by concrete ha of cultivated land and create a source for 12 ha of Kon M250, planting grasses for protection Mansard roof 8) Kon Tu Tu Zop and Kon Tu Peng hamlets in Po Ko commune, Dak drainage equipment. Water collection trench was arranged Zop To district. in the dam downstream to collect water seeped through the

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Location Current status Construction items

Reservoir - ground to reduce the seepage pressure. Dam foundation Po Ko * Earth dam: On the downstream dam foot, there is waterproofing with cement grouting to create waterproof commune, seepage at the bottom of the drainage equipment and the membrane. Dak To ground at the location of about 1/3 of the right side of the district; dam and near the right side of the dam. *. Flood spillway: newly building the entrance and spillway threshold with reinforced concrete structure, * Flood spillway: Eroded, peeled. reinforcing and treating water ramps, stilling pools.

* Intake culvert under dam: After many years of * Intake culvert: Supplementing retaining walls at operation, the culvert works stably; only the downstream concrete M250 outlet, replacing 2 new control valves to on/off valve was old, losing the operating equipment. ensure the irrigation water supply for the reservoir downstream; * Management and operation road: At present, it is a soil-compacted road; some sections are very narrow and are *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition strongly eroded by rain and flow, convex and very difficult and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam to travel. bodies.

* Management and operation roads: Upgrading the dirt road route connecting from the earth dam to provincial road 675. Road of 1945m long, roadbed of Bn = 4m wide, road surface of Bm = 3m long, concrete M250 structure.

Dak Ho Nieng reservoir was built in 1995, the current status *. Earth dam: Heightening, surcharging the dam of the work is as follows: downstream, the dam crest width of B = 6m, the dam crest 9) Dak Ho length of 228m; dam surface reinforced with concrete Nieng * Earth dam: On the downstream dam foot, there is an M250. Damaged tile-stone sites of the upstream slope are Reservoir - aquaculture pond and a seepage phenomenon at the dam corrected and redone. Downstream slope is planted with

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 28 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

Bo Y foot adjacent to the right shoulder, measures should be grasses to protect. Mansard roof drainage equipment. commune, taken to handle the above problems to ensure safety for the Ngoc Hoi dam. *. Flood spillway: Newly building the entrance and district spillway threshold with reinforced concrete structure, * Flood spillway: The current status is that the spillway reinforcing and treating water ramps, reusable stilling pins have been damaged and degraded; many concrete sites pools. of the pin foot have been cracked and broken. The bottom plate at the end passage of the water ramp connected to the *. Intake culvert: Extending 14.4m of the culvert, newly stilling pool was damaged, permeable water flows into replacing the downstream isolation valve D600, newly streams through it. building valve house to protect equipment and serve for operation management. * Management and operation road: Slope is relatively high, making it difficult to travel. *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies.

* Management and operation road: Upgrading the dirt road route connecting from the earth dam to the road QL40.

The work was built in the 1990s. Reservoir has no design *. Earth dam: Downstream surcharge by compacted profile. Downstream of the reservoir is the Pleikrong homogeneous soil K=0.97; Reinforcing the dam crest by 10. Team 5 hydroelectric reservoir. concrete M250; Building upstream and downstream Reservoir - reinforced concrete seawalls with the crest at the elevation Ho Moong * Earth dam: The dam has not been reinforced to protect of 573.60m; Handling termites of the old earth dam body. commune, the upstream and downstream slopes; there is no dam roof Sa Thay drainage ditch and dam body drainage equipment. *. Flood spillway: Building the spillway with flood

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 29 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

District drainage width Bt=15m (3x5m), concrete M200 structure. * Flood spillway: It was severely eroded. Behind the overflow port is the earth canal which is deeply and widely *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition eroded (about 5-10m) that is very dangerous. and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies. * Intake culvert: Without intake culvert, people mainly exploit and use dynamic pumps to take water for coffee *. Management and operation roads: upgrading dirt irrigation around the reservoir. road of 600m long, roadbed of Bn = 4m wide, road surface of Bm = 3m wide, concrete M250 structure. * Management and operation road: it has a high slope; it often causes erosion along the road in every rain and flood.

Ya Xang reservoir built in 2000 is responsible for irrigating *. Earth dam: Solidifying dam crest by concrete M250, 62 ha of agricultural land, over time the current status of the dam crest width of B=6m, dam crest length of 95m, dam 11) Ya Xang work until now is as follows: crest elevation of 292.40m; building upstream seawalls Reservoir - and downstream wheel guards. Upstream slope: Repairing Mo Rai * Earth dam: The dam crest is 100m long and has a ground and compensating for paving stones in damaged roof commune, surface of B=6m, no seawall. locations. Downstream slope: is planted with grasses to Sa Thay protect and built with drainage ditches. Handling termites district * Flood spillway: There are many grasses and bushes in the of the old earth dam body. entrance to the flood spillway that impede the flow into it. Along the foot of the water ramp, there are some erosion *. Flood spillway: Demolishing the entrance and narrow sites; the downstream canal is deposited that affects the section of the old one, constructing new spillway with discharge capacity of the spillway. spillway opening width of Bt=15m (3x5m), reinforced concrete structure M200. * Management road and management house: many sites are deformed, often in the rainy season. *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 30 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies.

*. Intake culvert: Repairing inlets, replacing butterfly valves and constructing the butterfly valve protection house.

*. Management and operation road: Upgrading dirt road route of 202m long, road surface structure of concrete M250.

12. Dak * Earth dam: Masonry seawalls, many sites were *. Earth dam: Solidifying the dam crest by concrete Ngot damaged, the surface of the earth dam was convex. The M250, dam crest width of B = 5m, dam crest length of Reservoir - upstream slope is protected by dry masonry; many sites 200m; Reinforcing the upstream and downstream slopes of Sa Nghia were disturbed and broken. the work; Handling termites of the old earth dam body. commune, Sa Thay * Flood spillway: The bottom and roof, the stilling pool *. Flood spillway: Demolishing the entrance and narrow district and the spillway tail were eroded and many sites were section of the old one, constructing new spillway with damaged. There are bushes growing tall and luxuriant in its spillway opening width of Bt=15m (3x5m), reinforced inlet and outlet. concrete structure M200.

* Management road: The entrance passage to the work has *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition a length of about 0.5km, the soil road surface which is too and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam narrow for motor vehicles to access, has not been solidified, bodies. currently is only a trail on the road with many deformed sites; it is often muddy in the rainy season. *. Intake culvert: Repairing inlets, replacing butterfly valves and constructing the butterfly valve protection

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 31 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

house;

*. Management and operation road: Upgrading the dirt road of 339m long connected to the left earth dam shoulder to the rural road. Roadbed width Bn=4m; Road surface width Bm=3m, road surface structure of cement concrete M250.

13. Dak Tin Dak Tin reservoir was built in 1978, the current status of the *. Earth dam: Downstream surcharge by compacted Lake - Dak work after 2 repairs in 2003 and 2007 is as follows: homogeneous soil K=0.97; Reinforcing the dam crest by Choong concrete M300; Building upstream reinforced concrete commune, * Earth dam: The upstream slope has many large trees seawalls and downstream guardrails; Handling termites of Dak Glei which were cut down and only roots left. The upstream and the old earth dam body. district downstream slopes of the dam were degraded, many grasses grow. *. Flood spillway: Building the spillway with flood drainage width Bt=55m, concrete and reinforced concrete * Flood spillway: On the right side of the slope, there are M200 structure; connecting with the backyard by gabions many small trees growing across the wall. On the spillway to the old stream. slope, many passages were damaged, the spillway tail was eroded. *. Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam * Management road: The current status shows that there is bodies. no management road for the headwork alone but inter- commune roads run through the dam crest; therefore, the *. Intake culvert: Repairing inlets, replacing butterfly traffic to the dam is very convenient. valves and constructing the butterfly valve protection house; Supplementing the pipeline at the beginning of N2 canal connected to behind the culvert.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 32 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location Current status Construction items

14. Ia Bang * Earth dam: The dam surface is concave and uneven, it is *. Earth dam: Solidifying the dam crest by concrete Thuong very difficult for travelling for management in the rainy M250, dam crest width of B = 5m, dam crest length of Reservoir - season, there is no seawall on the dam crest. 406.5m; some damaged sites have been reinforced on Hoa Binh upstream and downstream slopes; Handling termites of the commune, * Flood spillway: The training wall, inlets on both sides are old earth dam body. Kon Tum built of masonry, many passages were broken and damaged. City The valve gate is opened/closed by hand cable winch. *. Flood spillway: Newly building the entrance to the According to local staff's report, the spillway valve gate in spillway threshold + a passage of water ramp behind the 2009 can be opened but could not be closed. Steel of the spillway threshold, combining motorized bridge over valve gate and valve slots was heavily rusted. spillway with reinforced concrete M250 to ensure traffic connection and management. Width B=2x3m; reinforced * Management road: Management road: consists of a road concrete M200 structure. route located on the right side of the earth dam, with a length of about 1.50 km; a width of about 3.0m, the road *Intake culvert: Supplementing the gate system of surface was eroded and convex that is very difficult to control tower and newly building a handrail system of the travel in the rainy season. service bridge.

* Monitoring equipment: installation of transposition and permeability monitoring equipment of earth dam bodies.

*Management and operation roads

Upgrading old dirt roads; Road route of 1366m long, roadbed of Bn = 4m wide, road surface of Bm = 3m wide, concrete M250 structure;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 33 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Source: Field survey and Feasibility study report of the Subproject

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 34 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE 2.3. Requirements on construction material supply for the Subproject

a. Construction materials

* Normal materials: Construction materials used are mainly local materials. Main materials such as sand, gravel, stone, cement, and construction steel can be purchased at the center of each district or agents in Kon Tum City.

Table 2.4: Summary of construction volumes of the Subproject

Crushed Steel of Form stone, Concrete Earthwork all types work quarry- No. Work 3 (100m ) (m3) stone (tons) (100m2) (m3)

1 C3 234.0 1,641.8 90.8 43.4 2.569,6

2 C4 197.4 981.8 50.9 30.6 29.3

3 Team 5 705.1 2,269.6 65.0 49.0 479.9

4 Ca Sam 92.7 1,681.4 2.3 19.0 8.3

5 Ia Bang Thuong 282.9 2,900.9 25.3 30.6 314.3

6 Dak Ho Nieng 441.7 5,757.2 242.1 63.3 160.4

7 Kon Tu Zop 781.2 9,125.0 311.1 90.5 295.7

8 Dak Tin 392.2 2,429.7 112.1 89.7 104.6

9 C2 386.8 1,563.4 58.4 10.4 797.6

10 A1 Team 4 329.4 1,309.1 62.0 9.2 2,161.8

11 Hamlet 9 149.0 2,114.1 36.8 6.8 378.5

12 Ya Xang 123.8 1,024.1 43.8 7.3 295.9

13 C3 (704) 89.1 1,644.4 31.8 15.8 179.0

14 Dak Ngot 285.4 1,329.3 44.1 28.7 281.6

Total 4,490.8 35,771.9 1,176.4 494.1 8,056.5

(Extracted from the Description of subproject feasibility study report: Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum province).

* Backfill soil

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 35 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE The design consultants have reviewed and studied the locations of exploiting backfill soils for the work to ensure the compensation limit for backfill soils and meet the requirements of the physical and mechanical criteria of the backfill soil, specifically as follows:

Table 2.5: Estimated borrow pit location of each work

Name of Volume No. Borrow pit location Coordinates work exploited (m3)

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.596.727,89 C3 1 23.400 the hill on the left reservoir Reservoir upstream. Y = 543.922,64

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.612.223,09 the pit near Dak Uy C4 2 19.740 Reservoir in Dak Ui Y = 554.057,87 Reservoir commune area, Dak Ha district

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.600.023,19 Reservoir 3 70.510 the hill 500m from the Team 5 headwork to the West. Y = 537.944,11

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.599.904,15 Ca Sam the hill 400m from the 4 9.270 Reservoir headwork to East, on the Y = 546.263,82 management road route.

Ia Bang 1.3 km to the North of the X = 1.577.810,90 5 28.290 Thuong dam foot. Y = 548.339,96

The borrow pit is 2km away X = 1.622.480,78 from the headwork to North Dak Ho 6 44.170 and Northern West Y = 510.998,87 Nieng belonging to the land managed by the commune

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.610.862,57 the hill adjacent to the right 7 Kon Tu Zop 78.120 dam shoulder, 200m from Y = 533.305,83 the dam core to the North.

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.678.292,72 Dak Tin 8 39.220 the hill 0.5km from the Reservoir headwork to the East. Y = 530.099,12

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 36 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Name of Volume No. Borrow pit location Coordinates work exploited (m3)

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.612.223,09 the pit near Dak Uy C2 9 38.680 Reservoir in Dak Ui Y = 554.057,87 Reservoir commune area, Dak Ha district

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.612.223,09 the pit near Dak Uy 10 A1 Team 4 32.940 Reservoir in Dak Ui Y = 554.057,87 commune area, Dak Ha district

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.613.039,28 the hill on the right side of 11 Hamlet 9 14.900 earth dam, about 700m from Y = 546.356,23 dam core to the South.

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.591.360,71 the hill adjacent to the right 12 Ya Xang 12.380 dam shoulder, 200m from Y = 506.861,36 the dam core to the North.

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.612.223,09 C3 the pit near Dak Uy 13 Reservoir 8.910 Reservoir in Dak Ui Y = 554.057,87 (704) commune area, Dak Ha district

The borrow pit taken from X = 1.593.197,67 the hill near the left dam 14 Dak Ngot 28.540 shoulder on the vacant land Y = 534.576,63 of the people, 300m from the dam core to the Northwest

A representative of the PPMU has worked with the local authorities, identified the locations of material mines and written confirmation by the local leaders is attached in the appendix of the Report. - With the volume of soil to be exploited at each work is not too big, thus most of borrow pits in the work take advantage of hill land or vacant land in the locality to reduce exploitation costs but still ensure criteria of the backfill soil. - Particularly in the material mine in Dak Ui commune serving 04 reservoirs in Dak Ha district: This borrow pit was previously compensated when Dak Ui reservoir was repaired, currently its reserve is still very large and sufficient to supply for reservoirs in Dak Ha district.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 37 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Description of four-near status of the borrow pit: According to the survey results of the Project Owner, feasible study and EIA preparation units, most of borrow pits are hill land with elevation ranging from 611m to 637m and surrounding is bare land. However, there are two reservoirs with the four-near location as follows: + Ia Bang Thuong Reservoir: the North borders the bare land; the South borders the inter-village road leading to the foot of the work; the West borders the coffee plantation of the people; the East borders the reservoir area. + C3 (704) Reservoir: the North borders the coffee cultivation field; the South borders the coffee plantation; the West borders the reservoir area; the East borders the reservoir area and inter-village road. b) Energy supply

* The maximum amount of construction water in 01 work: The general plan for all works is to get water right at the reservoir to serve concrete preparation and moisture maintenance.

- The volume of construction water: The consultant unit proposes estimated the largest amount of water used, arising at the Kon Tu Zop reservoir – Dak To district (the reservoir with the largest construction volume) as follows:

+ Concrete mixing water: The volume of concrete pouring at the work is 78,120 m3; the average amount of water used for 1m3 concrete is 0.2 m3; the total amount of concrete pouring is: 15,624 m3.

+ Water for roadbed and moisture maintenance: Watering on dry days on the material transportation passage and backfill soil layers, the amount of water used is estimated of 20m3/day, used for the entire construction period (6 months in dry season): 2,640 m3.

The maximum amount of construction water may arise: 18,264 m3.

* The maximum domestic water supply in 01 work:

A maximum of 40 workers are expected to work at the construction site. According to TCXDVN 33:2006: The norm of domestic water supply for rural residential areas is 60 liters/person/day.

Qsh= 40 × 60 = 2,400 liters/day = 2.4m3/day

Water used during the entire construction period (estimated 18 months): 950 m3. c) Weathered soil dumping site

- Based on the construction plan and utilization of stones and soils, the main selected solution is the dumping site and storage yard located in the same location,

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 38 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE waste stones and soils are underneath and creating the ground to establish the above storage yard to limit the compensation and clearance when conducting construction preparation.

- Evaluating the environmental compatibility with the selection of dumping sites:

+ The dumping sites are selected in the subproject area to minimize negative impacts due to transportation.

+ Reducing transportation costs

+ Dumping sites are selected to be dumped in the areas which are low-lying, water-logging when it rains and after dumping, will be tightly compacted and will embellish the ground in the area.

+ Do not dump outside to avoid land occupation, and cause people's complaints.

+ Damping inside the construction area for the project owner to improve the monitoring and treatment process

Conclusion: Most of the dumping sites are located in the project area and are dumped in areas with low and compacted terrain; therefore, the negative impacts on environment and the local people are negligible.

Table 2.6: Expected locations of weathered soil dumping sites

Name of Area Coordinates of No. Location dumping site work (ha)

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.596.676,21 C3 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 1 0.2 Reservoir reinforce eroded ground at the foot of the Y = 544.207,90 downstream slope.

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.600.709,58 C4 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 2 0.2 Reservoir reinforce eroded ground at the foot of the Y = 543.829,10 downstream slope.

The dumping site is designed in low-lying X= 1.599.942,83 Reservoir 3 0.5 land behind the hill on the left shoulder of Team 5 the dam. Y = 538.126,43

The dumping site is designed in low-lying X= 1.599.987,53 Ca Sam 4 0.2 land, 400m from the headwork (along the Reservoir management road) Y = 546.517,64

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Name of Area Coordinates of No. Location dumping site work (ha)

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.576.941,66 Ia Bang dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 5 0.2 Thuong reinforce eroded ground at the foot of the Y = 548.284,50 downstream slope.

The dumping site is designed in low-lying X= 1.622.472,15 Dak Ho 6 0.2 land under the commune's management, Nieng 2km upstream from the dam foot. Y = 510.407,92

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.610.656,80 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 7 Kon Tu Zop 0.2 reinforce eroded ground at the foot of the Y = 533.362,07 downstream slope.

The dumping site is designed in the X= 1.677.629,79 Dak Tin 8 0.5 people's vacant low-lying land which is Reservoir 2km from the dam foot to the southeast. Y = 530.518,14

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.608.828,97 C2 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 9 0.2 Reservoir reinforce eroded ground at the foot of the Y = 547.420,12 downstream slope.

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.606.208,73 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 10 A1 Team 4 0.2 reinforce eroded ground at the foot of the Y = 542.142,51 downstream slope.

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.613.110,54 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 11 Hamlet 9 0.2 reinforce eroded ground at the foot of the Y = 546.417,91 downstream slope.

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.591.229,96 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 12 Ya Xang 0.2 reinforce eroded ground at the foot of the Y = 506.801,38 downstream slope.

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1608.403,99 C3 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 13 Reservoir 0.2 reinforce the ground which people make Y = 546.241,97 (704) use of as fish ponds at the foot of the downstream slope.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 40 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Name of Area Coordinates of No. Location dumping site work (ha)

The dumping site is designed behind the X= 1.593.022,56 dam foot, utilizing organic peeling soil to 14 Dak Ngot 0.2 reinforce the ground which people make Y = 534.437,50 use of as fish ponds at the foot of the downstream slope.

Source: According to the preliminary design of the subproject

A representative of the PPMU has worked with the local authorities, identified the locations of dumping sites and written confirmation by the local leaders is attached in the appendix of the Report.

d) Construction roads

The construction conditions of the works are relatively good and convenient. At all works, there are access roads to the reservoirs, serving construction to meet the demand of transporting materials during the deployment in localities. 2.4. Implementation schedule

Based on the work volume, volume of items, construction conditions, the total construction time of each work is expected to be 04 years. Specifically, as follows:

+ 2019: Construction of Team 5 Reservoir, Dak Tin Reservoir, C3 Reservoir (704) and Dak Ho Nieng Reservoir;

+ 2020: Construction of Dak Ngot Reservoir, Hamlet 9 Reservoir, C3 Reservoir and C2 Reservoir;

+ 2021: Construction of Kon Tu Zop Reservoir, Ya Xang Reservoir, Ia Bang Thuong Reservoir and Ca Sam Reservoir;

+ 2022: investment in construction of C4 Reservoir and A1 Reservoir (team 4).

Construction schedule at each reservoir carried out in the dry season months, avoiding the rainy season months, is as follows:

- Phase 1 (from November to March): at this time, the water level of the reservoirs from normal water level rise gradually decreases to the dead water level; at this time, complete construction of flood spillway; At the same time, construct the downstream slope of the dam; At the same time, it is also necessary to discharge water for irrigation combined with draining the reservoir (or to pump if the culvert cannot discharge water) until mid-April (when there is no need for irrigation) the water level falls down to the elevation of the old culvert bottom;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 41 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Phase 2 (from April to June): at this time, the water level of the reservoir fell to the culvert bottom, embanking the dike to encroach upon the upstream slope, repairing the culvert, and at the same time completing the construction of upstream slope, dam surface and seawall; Accumulating water from the reservoir normally from July onwards;

Other items such as installation of monitoring equipment, management houses and construction of roads are carried out in the dry season months from December to April next year. Avoiding construction in the rainy season.

The longest construction time for 01 work is 24 months. 2.5. Pre-construction activities

Prior to the construction, there are some works like surveying topography, hydrology, meteorological conditions, geological drilling, land acquisition marking, and demining. In the subproject scope, there is no demolition of structure but there is the vegetation clearing carried out by the households that have affected trees and crops. Waste from vegetation clearing will be collected and transported to the communal dump sites by affected households.

Designing the Subproject to provide the options that take into account scenarios, risks of climate change on the performance of the construction items of the Subproject. The study on the climate factor change is presented in the section: the recent status of the subproject area, as a basis for selecting optimal design options. The recent impact of climate change in the region is mainly relating to the precipitation that results in floods, landslides and droughts. 2.6. Material transportation plan

Construction materials will be transported to site about 1 week before the starting of the construction. Construction materials will be implemented at certain periods of time to avoid negative impacts on agricultural activities and the daily life of local people. Workers, machines and materials are estimated in the sections above. 2.7. Operational and maintenance activities

Periodic dam safety monitoring: Once the reservoirs exploiting i.e. have been filled with water, the dam-owners are responsible for the dam safety monitoring. This assignment is carried out by qualified independent experts who did not participate in the investigation, survey, design, construction or operation of the dams. After the dams regularly operate, the monitoring stages are kept periodically, including the safety inspections prior and after flood seasons every year in accordance with the Government's Decree (No. 114/2018/ND-CP) on Dam Safety Management.

Upon completion of the works, the operation of the dams will be the responsibility of the dam owners and the responsibility of the PPMU will end.

The reservoir and valve operation procedure: A dam-owner must develop a reservoir water regulation process to regulate the storage and discharge of water in normal and emergency conditions of dam and reservoir to submit to authorized state

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 42 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE management agency for approval and organize the implementation of the process. The dam owners must prepare and submit protocol on operational procedure of valves and each work (hereafter referred to as operation of works) to the authorities for promulgation according to their competence. Other operations should be addressed pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 114/2018/ND-CP on Dam and Reservoir Safety Management. 2.8. Dam Safety Plan

A dam safety report (DSR) will be prepared for the Subproject. The objectives of the DSR are to present, analyze and propose recommendations on: a) all conditions that may affect the safety of the dams and its associated facilities; b) impacts of the dam or substructure breaking or unable to work due to harsh natural conditions, human errors or structural faults; and c) the institutional framework (at the present time and in the future) necessary to avoid or minimize adverse conditions for the safety of the dams.

After the completion of the review at the subproject screening stage, the CPMU of MARD should provide a DSR for each subproject which is identified during the project implementation stage and sent to the Panel of Expert (PoE) and the World Bank for review. The report must include findings and recommendations for any related safety issues and necessary actions to be taken. The dam safety measures should be integrated into the design, construction and operation of the reservoirs.

Review and analysis of the dam structure: The review and evaluation of the dams and related works will include, but is not limited to, the following:

- Review of the geological documents and material sources, with the attention to potential adverse effects that may occur by the predictable geological features. Assessment of unforeseen conditions and counter measures to address the safety and operation of the dams and the works.

- Assessment of the suitability of the types of dams and spillways, the response of the dam design. They include the proposed measures for soil treatment, excavation, load characteristics of selected substrate, permeability and pressure exertion control measures. The safety point of view for any abnormalities or omissions and measures to be taken will be paid attention to.

- Assessment of the stability, strength analysis and safety factors in normal conditions, abnormal and extreme load conditions for soil dams and concrete dams, spillway structure and drainage works, including the determination of geological impact criteria.

- Consideration of the factors of reservoir stability, landslide formation, waves, and wave effects on dam stability.

- Consideration of the hydrological calculation method that determines the design flood of the project, reservoirs and spillway size; review of the designs of the spillways, e.g. the flow conditions and the tilling basins; assessment of the

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 43 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE discharge capacity of the spillways corresponding to all design flood indicators that dams will not be damaged.

- Considerations for the water intake and discharge works, including hydraulic designs, emergency dewatering capacity and sedimentation process in the reservoirs.

- Assessment of the design of the spillways and out-door controls, including the selection of the number and types of outlets and valves, lifting equipment and other controlling mechanisms. Particular attention should be given to back-up systems to operate spillways which have gates and draining facilities in the event of operational and power failure.

- Review of the design of the flow diversion works, construction progress, hydrology and the risk factors associated with the flow diversion during the flow construction and filling process at the beginning stage of the reservoir water accumulation.

- Consideration of the suitability of the instrumentation, especially those instruments or markers which are required in the prediction of serious hazards or dam breakage.

- Consideration of the operation and maintenance procedures and the emergency response plan of the dam owners, including the assessment of sub-project operation and maintenance factors relating to dam safety and operators’ capacity assessment to be able to perform the maintenance and inspections of the safety of the dams.

Review and assessment of dam safety risks: In addition to ensuring the dam's structure safety, the Project will assess potential risks of the dams to the population and the environment in downstream, including the related works. Dam breakage may not occur but if it happens, consequences will be serious. Regarding this content, during the project preparation, as part of the DSR or environmental and social management plan, the Subproject Owners should conduct assessing potential risks to the downstream population/area. For large dams with high risks, it need to acquire comprehensive data during the preparation process, including topographic survey and downstream land use to simulate a downstream dam and flood breakdown under different conditions/scenarios to serve the preparation of the emergency response plans. Collecting data from upstream dams and/or watershed activities may also be necessary for some dams. Planning and implementing capacity building programs for the subprojects with pilot activities to promote active participation of local communities should be considered. Communities around the dams can participate in day-to-day monitoring to protect the dams from external destructors and they can join in simple maintenance tasks. A community participatory model in dam safety activities should be considered. Sedimentation and contamination of upstream water may be a serious problem for some river basins. The dam owners must commit to allocate funds for appropriate dam operation and management and to periodically survey dam safety.

Future dam safety management plan is expected as follows:

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 44 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE − The management apparatus of the District People's Committee will develop more detailed plans in terms of managing headwork parts and technical assistance;

− Management and maintenance activities will be detailed and specific including: planning for management and operation of works.

− Training existing staff and recruiting new staff to ensure that the dam management staffs are qualified in accordance with the requirements;

− Combining with independent dam experts, conducting regular inspections of works;

− Preparing and updating annual emergency preparedness plans, including practices, information related to beneficiaries and local authorities;

− Preparing and allocating annual budgets of DPC including safety issues;

Details of the dam safety assessment results and dam safety management plan are presented in the Dam Safety Report of the subproject.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 45 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

CHAPTER 3: LEGAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

3.1. Vietnam's policies and regulations on Environmental and Social Safety 3.1.1. Policies on Environmental regulations

- The Law on Environmental Protection No. 55/2014/QH13 provides issues related to strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection commitment to development activities; - Law on Water Resources No. 17/2012/QH13 approved by the National Assembly of Vietnam on 21 June 2012;

- Decree No.18/2015/ND-CP dated February 14, 2015 on environmental protection planning, strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection plan;

- Decree No. 19/2015/ND-CP dated February 14, 2015 detailed guideline on the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Environmental Protection;

- Decree No.38/2015/ND-CP dated April 24, 2015 on waste management and wasted materials;

- Decree No. 201/2013/ND-CP dated November 27, 2013 detailed guideline the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Water Resources;

- Decree No. 112/2008/ND-CP dated October 20, 2008 of the Government on management, protection and integrated exploitation of Resources and Environment of hydropower and irrigation reservoirs;

- Circular No. 16/2009/TT-BTNMT dated October 7, 2009 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment defining on the national technical regulation on environment.

- Circular No. 39/2010/TT-BTNMT dated December 16, 2010 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment defining national technical regulations on environment (Issued 02 national technical regulations on environment including the national technical regulation on noise and vibration);

- Circular No. 08/2017/TT-BXD dated May 16, 2017 on construction solid waste management.

- Circular No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT dated May 29, 2015 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment on strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection plan.

- Circular 36/2015/TT-BTNMT dated June 30, 2015 on hazardous waste management.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 46 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Circular No. 16/2009/TT-BTNMT dated October 7, 2009 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment on national regulations and technical regulations on environment, air quality and some hazardous substances in the ambient air environment;

- Directive No. 26/CT-TTg dated August 25, 2014 of the Prime Minister on the implementation of the Law on Environmental Protection;

- Decision No. 22/2006/QD-BTNMT dated December 25, 2006 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment on compulsory application of Vietnam Standards on Environment; 3.1.2. Policies and regulations on compensation, support and resettlement

- Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 2013;

- Law on Land No. 45/2013/QH13 approved by the National Assembly on November 29, 2013 which is effective from July 1, 2014;

- Decree No. 35/2015/ND-CP dated April 13, 2015 of the Government on management and use of rice land;

- Decree No. 43/2014/ND-CP dated May 15, 2014, detailed guideline a number of articles of the Law on Land;

- Decree No. 44/2014/ND-CP dated May 15, 2014 on land price regulations;

- Decree No. 47/2014/ND-CP, dated May 15, 2014 on regulations on compensation, support and resettlement upon land expropriation by the State;

- Decree No. 38/2013/ND-CP dated April 23, 2013 of the Government on management and use of official development assistance (ODA) and concessional loans of sponsors;

- Circular No. 37/2014/TT-BTNMT dated June 30, 2014 detailing regulations on compensation, support and resettlement upon land expropriation by the State;

- Circular 36/2014/TT-BTNMT dated June 30, 2014 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment detailed guideline land pricing method, compilation of and adjustment of land price lists, and determination of specific land prices and consultancy on land pricing;

- Decision No. 06/2018/QD-UBND dated February 9, 2018 by the People's Committee of Kon Tum Province on promulgating the price list of crops in Kon Tum province in 2018.

- Decision No. 72/2014/QD-UBND dated December 22, 2014 of the People's Committee of Kon Tum Province promulgating the 5-year periodical land price list (2015-2019) in Kon Tum province;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 47 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Decision No. 53/2014/QD-UBND dated September 19, 2014, of the People's Committee of Kon Tum province promulgating specific regulations on some contents of compensation, support and resettlement upon land expropriation by the State in Kon Tum province.

- Decision No. 46/2013/QD-TTg dated September 28, 2015 stipulating policies to support primary level training, less than 03-month training;

- Decision No. 52/2012/QD-TTg dated November 16, 2012 of the Prime Minister on policies to support employment and vocational training for farmers with land acquired by the State;

- Decision No. 1956/2009/QD-TTg dated November 17, 2009 of the Prime Minister approving the Master Plan on vocational training for rural workers by 2020; 3.1.3. Policies and regulations related to construction management of investment projects

- Law on Construction No. 50/2014/QH13 approved by the National Assembly on August 18, 2014;

- Decree No. 42/2017/ND-CP, dated April 5, 2017 on amending and supplementing a number of articles of Decree No. 59/2015/ND-CP dated June 18, 2015 of the Government on management of construction investment projects;

- Decree No. 59/2015/ND-CP dated June 18, 2015 on management of construction investment projects;

- Decree No. 46/2015/ND-CP dated May 12, 2015 on quality management and maintenance of construction works;

- Decree No. 32/2015/ND-CP dated March 25, 2015 on management of construction investment projects; 3.1.4. National policy on dam safety

- Law on Dikes No. 79/2006/QH11 dated November 29, 2006, the 11th National Assembly, 10th session, effective from July 1, 2007;

- Law on Water Resources No. 08/2017/QH14 approved by the National Assembly on June 19, 2017;

- Decree No. 112/2008/ND-CP dated October 20, 2008 of the Government on management, protection and integrated exploitation of Resources and Environment of hydropower and irrigation reservoirs;

- Decree No. 114/2018/ND-CP dated September 4, 2018 of the Government on dam and reservoir safety management;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 48 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Decree No. 143/2003/ND-CP, dated November 28, 2003 of the Government detailed guidelines the implementation of a number of Articles of the Ordinance on the exploitation and protection of irrigation works;

- Circular No. 40/2010/TT-BNN dated May 27, 2011 prescribing the capacity of organizations and individuals involved in the management and exploitation of irrigation works;

- Circular No. 65/2009/TT-BNN dated October 12, 2009 guiding on organizing activities and decentralizing exploitation of irrigation works;

- Circular No. 33/2008/TT-BNN, February 4, 2008 guiding the implementation of a number of articles of Decree No. 72/2007/ND-CP;

- Decision No. 3562/QD-BNN-TL dated November 13, 2007 temporarily providing regulations on technical capacity demand of Dam management unit; 3.1.5. Policy on gender

- Law on Domestic Violence Prevention and Control in 2007;

- Law on Gender Equality dated November 29, 2006;

- Law on Organization of the Government dated December 25, 2001;

- Law on Marriage and Family 2000;

- Decree No. 126/2014/ND-CP dated December 31, 2014 of the Government detailing a number of articles and measures to implement the Law on Marriage and Family;

- Decree No. 55/2009/ND-CP dated June 10, 2009 of the Government stipulating penalties for administrative violations on gender equality;

- Decree No. 48/2009/ND-CP dated May 19, 2009 of the Government stipulating measures to assure gender equality;

- Decree No. 08/2009/ND-CP dated February 4, 2009 of the Government detailing and guiding the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Domestic Violence Prevention and Control;

- Decree No. 70/2008/ND-CP dated June 4, 2008 of the Government detailing the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Gender Equality;

- Decree No. 70/2001/ND-CP dated October 3, 2001 detailed guideline the implementation of the Law on Marriage and Family;

- Joint Circular No. 40/2011/TTLT-BLDTBXH-BYT dated December 28, 2011 stipulating the adverse working conditions and job categories that are not used female employees, female employees who are pregnant or nursing children under 12 months old;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 49 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Decision No. 56/2011/QD-TTg dated October 14, 2011 promulgating of the set of National indicators on gender-related development statistics;

- Decision No. 301/QD-LDTBXH dated March 16, 2011 of the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs promulgating the Plan for implementation of the National Strategy on gender equality for the period of 2011-2020;

- Decision No. 2351/QD-TTg dated December 24, 2010 of the Prime Minister approving the National Strategy on gender equality for the period of 2011 - 2020;

- Resolution No. 11-NQ/TW dated April 27, 2007 of the Politburo on women's work in the period of accelerating the industrialization and modernization of the country;

- Resolution No. 57/NQ-CP of the Government promulgating the Government's Action Program for the period up by 2020, implementing Resolution No. 11- NQ/TW dated April 27, 2007 of the Politburo on women's work in the period of accelerating the industrialization and modernization of the country;

- Official Document No. 664/LDTBXHBDG dated March 11, 2011 on guiding Ministries, branches and localities in developing a plan to implement the National Strategy on gender equality for the period of 2011-2020;

- Official Document No. 1854/LDTBXH- BDG on commenting on drafting guidelines for implementing models to prevent and mitigate the effects of gender-based violence. 3.1.6. Policy on ethnic minority community development

- Decree No. 05/2011/ND-CP dated February 14, 2011 of the Government on Ethnic Minorities work;

- Decree No. 82/2010/ND-CP dated July 20, 2010 of the Government on teaching and learning ethnic languages in schools;

- Joint Circular No. 05/2013-TTLT-UBDT-NNPTNT-KHDT-TC-XD dated November 18, 2013 on guiding the Program 135 on infrastructure investment, production development for extreme difficulty communes, border communes, secure area communes, and extreme difficulty hamlets/villages;

- Circular No. 06/2007/TT-UBDT dated September 20, 2007 of the Committee on Ethnic Minorities Affairs guiding the implementation of support levels for services, improvement and enhancement of people's lives, legal aid, and enhancement of legal awareness under Decision No. 112/2007/QD-TTg;

- Decision No. 2356/QD-TTg dated December 4, 2013 of the Prime Minister promulgating the Action Program for implementing the Strategy for ethnic minority affairs by 2020;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 50 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Decision No. 449/QD-TTg dated March 12, 2013 of the Prime Minister approving the ethnic minority work strategy by 2020;

- Decision No. 54/2012-QD-TTg of the Prime Minister dated December 4, 2012 providing the policy on lending capital for production development of difficulty-hit ethnic minority households in the period of 2012 ÷ 2015;

- Decision No. 52/2010/QD-TTg dated August 18, 2010 of the Government on legal support policies to enhance awareness and understanding of laws on poor ethnic minorities in poor districts in the period of 2011-2020;

- Decision No. 1956/2009/QD-TTg dated November 17, 2009 of the Prime Minister approving the Master Plan on vocational training for rural workers by 2020;

- Decision No. 236/QD-UBDT dated July 30, 2009 by the Committee on Ethnic Minorities Affairs on the establishment of the Board of Research and development of the socio-economic development programs for 2011-2015 for the most difficult communes and villages in the mountainous areas and areas;

- Decision No. 102/2009/QD-TTg dated August 7, 2009 of the Prime Minister on direct support policies for people in poor households in disadvantaged areas;

- Decision No. 126/2008/QD-TTg on amending a number of articles of Decision No. 32/2007/QD-TTg dated March 5, 2007 on lending capital for production development for especially difficult ethnic minority households;

- Decision No. 198/2007/QD-TTg on amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Prime Minister's Decision No. 134/2004/QD-TTg dated July 20, 2004 on a number of policies to provide support in terms of production land, residential land, dwelling houses and daily-life water to poor ethnic minority households meeting with difficulties;

- Decision No. 32/2007/QD-TTg dated March 5, 2007 of the Prime Minister on lending capital for production development for especially difficult ethnic minority households;

- Decision No. 06/2007/QD-UBDT dated January 12, 2007 of the Committee on Ethnic Minorities Affairs on communication strategy for Program 135-stage 2;

- Decision No. 05/2007/QD-UBDT dated September 6, 2007 of the Committee on Ethnic Minorities Affairs approving three ethnic minority and mountainous areas based on development status;

- Decision No. 01/2007/QD-UBDT dated 31/5/2007 of the Committee on Ethnic Minorities Affairs on the recognition of communes and districts in mountainous areas;

- Decision No. 146/2005/QD-TTg dated June 15, 2005 of the Prime Minister on the policy on recovery of production land of agricultural and forestry farms for

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 51 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE allocation to poor ethnic minority households; 3.1.7. Policy on hunger eradication & poverty reduction

- Circular No. 190/2014/TT-BTC dated December 11, 2014 of the Ministry of Finance regulating the implementation of policies to support electricity for poor households and social policy households.

- Circular No. 06 dated September 20, 2007 of the Committee on Ethnic Minorities Affairs guiding on supporting services, improving people's livelihoods, providing technical assistance to improve knowledge of the laws under Decision No. 112/2007/QD-TTg;

- Decision No. 05/2007/QD-UBDT dated September 6, 2007 of the Committee on Ethnic Minorities Affairs approving three ethnic minority and mountainous areas based on development status. 3.1.8. Some documents related to the subproject construction

- Decision No. 518/QD-TTg dated April 20, 2011 of the Prime Minister approving the overall socio-economic development in Kon Tum province by 2020;

- Decision No. 1858/QD-TTg dated November 2, 2015 of the Prime Minister approving the list of "Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement" (WB8) Project loaned from the World Bank (WB);

- Document No. 7884/BNN-TCTL dated September 19, 2016 on the determination of the List of reservoirs under the Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Project (WB8) in Kon Tum province;

- Decision No. 4638/QD-BNN-HTQT dated November 9, 2015 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development approving the feasibility study report of the "Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement" Project (WB8) financed by the World Bank;

- Decision No. 1292/QD-UBND dated December 17, 2015 of the People's Committee of Kon Tum Province on assigning tasks and establishing the Project Management Unit to implement the project "Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement" Project (WB8) in Kon Tum province;

- Decision No. 1182/QD-TTg, dated July 17, 2014 of the Prime Minister on promulgating the inter-reservoir operation procedures in the Se San River basin;

- Decision No. 482/QD-UBND dated July 1, 2013 of the People's Committee of Kon Tum Province on approving the Irrigation Planning Project of Kon Tum Province for the period of 2011-2020 and orientation to 2025;

- Decision No. 957/QD-BXD dated September 29, 2009 of the Ministry of Construction on disclosure of quota for cost quota of project management and investment and construction consultancy costs.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 52 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE 3.1.9. Other documents

- Law on Cultural Heritage No. 28/2001/QH10 approved by the National Assembly on July 12, 2001;

- Law on Cultural Heritage No. 32/2009/QH12 Amending and supplementing a number of articles of Law on Cultural Heritage No. 28/2001/QH10 approved by the National Assembly on July 12, 2001;

- Law on Biodiversity No. 20/2008/QH12 approved by the National Assembly on November 13, 2008. Chapter III- Conservation and sustainable development of natural ecosystems, and Chapter IV- Conservation and sustainable development of species;

- Law on Forestry No. 16/2017/QH14 approved by the National Assembly on November 15, 2017;

- Law on Occupational Safety and Health No. 84/2015/QH13 approved by the National Assembly on June 25, 2015;

- Law on Disaster Prevention and Control No. 33/2013/QH13 approved by the National Assembly on June 19, 2013;

- Law on amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Law on Fire Prevention and Fighting No. 40/2013/QH13 approved by the National Assembly on November 22, 2013;

- Law on Plant Protection and Quarantine No. 41/2013/QH13 approved by the National Assembly on November 25, 2013;

- Decree No. 98/2010/ND-CP dated September 21, 2010 detailed guideline the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Cultural Heritage and the Law on amending and supplementing a number of articles of Cultural Heritage;

- Decree No. 65/2010/ND-CP dated 11/6/2010 detailing and guiding the implementation of some articles of the Law on Biodiversity. 3.1.10. Vietnamese standards and regulations related to environmental protection

(i) Water environment:

- QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT: National technical regulation on surface water quality;

- QCVN 09-MT:2015/BTNMT: National technical regulation on groundwater quality;

- QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT: National technical regulation on domestic wastewater quality.

(ii) Air environment

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 53 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT: Air quality - National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality;

- QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT: Air quality – maximum concentration of hazardous substances allowed in the ambient air;

- TCVN 6438:2001: Road vehicles - Maximum permitted emission limits of exhaust gases.

(iii) Soil environment

- QCVN 03-MT:2015/BTNMT: National technical regulation on the allowable limits of heavy metals in the soils;

- QCVN 15-MT:2015/BTNMT: National technical regulation on the pesticide residues in the soils;

(iv) Solid waste management

- TCVN 6696:2009: Solid wastes - Sanitary landfill. General requirements for environmental protection;

- QCVN 07:2009/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on Hazardous Waste Thresholds.

(v) Vibration and noise

- QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT-National technical regulations on noise;

- QCVN 27:2010/BTNMT-National technical regulations on vibration;

(vi) Standards on working environment

- Decision No.3733/2002/QD-BYT dated October 10, 2002 on the applications of 21 health and safety standards related to microclimate, noise, vibration, chemicals – permissible threshold in the working environment. 3.1.11. Compliance to the environmental and social impact assessment

The Subproject’s environmental and social impact assessment will be carried out in accordance with the World Bank's and the Government’s environmental assessment procedures. In particular, it will be subject to the environmental and social management framework of the project reviewed and approved by the WB. Social and environmental screening will be conducted for each subproject to determine the appropriate category of the environmental assessment. Based on that, TOR will be prepared for environmental and social impact assessments in accordance with the subproject scope and the potential impacts expected from the subproject implementation. Environmental and social screening will be conducted by World Bank's safety policy experts. The TOR for the environmental and social impact assessments will also be reviewed and approved by the World Bank's Safety Policy Specialists prior to the implementation of the environmental and social impact

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 54 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE assessments. In the process of the environmental and social impact assessment, consultations with affected people and local NGOs should be conducted. ESIA Report will be publicly available at the place of the subproject implementation in Vietnamese language so that affected people and local NGOs can easily access and the English version will be available on the WB’s website before the evaluation of the subproject. 3.2. The World Bank’s safeguard policies

The objective of these policies is to prevent and minimize impacts to people and natural environment in the development process. The safeguard policies provide basis for stakeholders’ participation in the project designs and act as an important tool for building ownership among local people.

The effectiveness and development of the WB’s projects and programs has been increasing significantly as a result of attention to these policies. The World Bank's safeguard policies are available on its website at http://web.worldbank.org. 3.2.1 Project level

The Project’s environmental and social screening has been in accordance with OP 4.01 and indicated that the World Bank's Safeguard Policies on Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01), Natural Habitats (OP/BP 4.04), Indigenous People (OP/BOP 4.10), Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12), Dam Safety (4.37), International Waterway Protection (OP/BP 7.50), Safeguard Policy on Physical Cultural Assets (OP/BP 4.11) and Pest Management (OP 4.09) will be applied to this Project. According to the screening, the Project is evaluated under group A. In addition, it needs to comply with the World Bank's requirements for community consultation and dissemination. 3.2.2 Subproject level

Policies triggered for the subproject include:

Environmental policies

OP/BP 4.01 Environmental assessment

OP 4.09 Pest Management

OP/BP 4.37 Safety of Dams

Social policies

OP/BP 4.10 Indigenous peoples

OP/BP 4.12 Involuntary resettlement

OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment:

This policy is going throughout the process of identifying, preventing and mitigating environmental and social potential negative impacts associated with the World Bank's lending activities. In the work of the World Bank, the purpose of the

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 55 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE environmental assessment is to improve decision making, ensure that the project options are being reviewed and sustainable and that the community to be likely affected must be consulted. The Borrower is responsible for environmental assessment (EA) and the World Bank advises the Borrower at their request. The borrowing projects are proposed in four categories, depending on locations, sensitivity, scales of the projects, nature and extent of potential environmental impacts, including A, B, C and FI.

This Subproject activates OP 4.01 as it relates to the construction and operation that will have social environment potential negative impacts. Based on the results of the environmental screening, the Subproject is classified B in terms of environment. As defined in OP 4.01 and the Government’s environmental assessment regulations, the Subproject has prepared ESIA in accordance with the Social and Environmental Management Framework to meet Government's regulations and the World Bank’s safeguard policy requirements. Upon review and approval, the ESIA report of this Subproject will be publicly disclosed to the local people in the project area to ensure that affected people and local NGOs can access it easily and through the World Bank's website.

OP 4.09 Pest Management:

The purpose of the pest management policy is to minimize and manage environmental and health risks associated with the use of pesticides, to promote and support safe, effective and environmentally-friendly pest management. After the works of the Subproject are fully repaired, the irrigation duty of the reservoirs is ensured; hence the downstream irrigation area is maintained and likely to increase. Therefore, the usage of pesticides may increase, the application of IPM is necessary. The purchase of pesticides in a WB-financed project must be assessed for the nature and extent of risks involved, taking into account the proposed and intended use. For pest management affecting one of the two sectors of agriculture or public health, WB supports a strategy to promote the use of biological control methods and reduce reliance on synthetic chemical pesticides. In WB-financed projects, the borrower addresses pest management issues in the context of the project's environmental assessment. In appraising a project that will involve pest management, the Bank will assess the capacity of the country's regulatory framework and institutions to promote and support safe, effective, and environmentally sound pest management. This subproject is triggered because of the use of insecticides in termite treatment in dam bodies.

OP/BP 4.37 Safety of Dams:

This policy is enabled for the whole project because of the safe operation of dams related to the socio-economic development and environment. When borrowing from the World Bank for construction of new dams, a borrower must propose a dam safety policy based on opinions of experienced and responsible experts in charge of design and construction supervision and that borrower, by way of the dam safety measures, will implement them throughout the project cycle. This policy also applies to the rehabilitation and improvement of existing dams, which affect the performance of a project. In this case, the dam safety assessment should be undertaken and

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OP/BP 4.12 Involuntary resettlement:

The Involuntary Resettlement Policy is to address long-term difficulties, poverty and environmental impacts on affected people during a resettlement process. OP 4.12 applies to regardless of whether an affected person is relocated or not. The WB describes all processes and results of "involuntary resettlement" or simply resettlement, even when affected people are not required to relocate. The resettlement is involuntary when the Government has the right to requisition of land or other assets, and when the affected people have no choice to maintain their current livelihood.

This policy is applied because this Subproject has effects on involuntary or temporary involuntary land acquisition and loss of affected land-related structures and assets for the construction of the Subproject. After appraisal, the Subproject prepared and disseminated a Resettlement Policy Framework and a Resettlement Plan. The Resettlement Policy Framework and the Resettlement Plan includes measures to ensure that displaced people: (i) are informed of resettlement options; (ii) consulted and selected alternative resettlement options; and (iii) compensated and supported for livelihood restoration.

OP 4.10 Indigenous peoples:

This policy definition is that ethnic minorities can be defined in particular geographical areas by the presence of varying degrees of the following characteristics:

- Identifying themselves as members of a distinct indigenous culture group and being recognized for this feature by others.

- Living closely in geographically distinct or territorial habitats that they were hesitated from their ancestors in the project areas and close to the nature of such habitats and territories.

- Their cultural, economic, social or political institutions are traditionally different from those of the majority of cultures and societies.

- Native languages are often different from official languages of such region or country.

The obligatory conditions for approving an investment project, OP 4.10 requires a borrower to undertake consultations and disclosures of information with ethnic minorities that are possibly affected and to establish a broad community support model for its subprojects and objectives. A project financed by WB shall include the calculations to (a) avoid potential negative impacts on ethnic minority communities; or (b) when avoiding is not feasible, measures should be proposed to minimize, mitigate, or compensate for impacts.

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WBG EHS Guidelines

The Environment, Health and Safety Guideline (EHS) by a World Bank Group (WBG)/International Finance Corporation (IFC) was introduced in 2008. This is an important guideline on environmental, health and safety protection in industrial development and other projects. It sets out the goals to be achieved and measures to be taken to deliver the best results at reasonable costs. This Guideline can be found at http://www.ifc.org.

World Bank’s policy on Access to Information

In addition to the environmental safeguard policies to promote the transparency and the accountability, WB issued the Information Access Policy relating to proposed safeguard measures. It sets out the policy to support borrowers’ decision-making by allowing them accessing information relating to social and environmental aspects of such projects at the website in native language, which is easy to understand and intuitive. The WB ensures that relevant environmental and social protection documents related to such projects as well as the preparation procedures related to subprojects are introduced timely prior to the appraisal. The information access policy requires disclosure of information in both English and Vietnamese languages and meets the World Bank’s standards.

According to the World Bank's (WB) policy, the ESIA report must incorporate the project's economic, financial, institutional, social and technical analyses to ensure that environmental and social issues get full attention in selecting projects, locations and decisions regarding technology solutions. The WB's safeguard policies triggered for the Sub-project summarized in the following table:

Table 3.1: Summary of WB's & Vietnamese Government's environmental assessment procedures

The stages in WB Vietnam the environmental (Regulations on OP/BP 4.01 on (Provided at Decree No. assessment Environmental Assessment) 18/2015/ND-CP, Circular process No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT)

Screening - List of categories (A, B, C, FI). - Appendices: I, II, III and IV of Decree No. 18/2015/ND- - It is not mandatory for each CP. specific case to classify, apply safeguard policy and determine - Rules and fixed provisions environmental assessment (EA) in Appendices I, II and III - tool. List of projects required by SEA and EIA to submit - The World Bank will classify a submissions and approvals.

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The stages in WB Vietnam the environmental (Regulations on OP/BP 4.01 on (Provided at Decree No. assessment Environmental Assessment) 18/2015/ND-CP, Circular process No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT) proposed project into one of four categories including A, B, C, or FI - All projects are not listed. depending on Category, location, sensitivity and scale of the project - Normally, the project owner and the nature, the importance of checks the project based on its potential environmental the classification mentioned impacts. in Decree 18/2015/ND-CP and consulted by the - Category A: Requirement for full Department of Natural environmental impact assessment. Resources and Environment In some cases, the social and (DONRE) or Vietnam environment management Environment Agency (VEA) framework is also required. for proper classification and EA project reporting - Category B: ESIA, social and requirements, such as: environment management framework or social and • The project falls into environment management plan is Appendices I, II, III: SEA or required. In most cases, social and EIA is required environment management framework and/or social and • The project falls into environment management plan are Appendix IV: no EIA and required. EPP are required • The project does not fall into - Category C: no EA action. Appendices I, II, III and IV: - Category FI: Social and EPP requirements environment management framework is the most commonly used tool. In the case of a number of sub-projects that have been identified before the appraisal, the FI will prepare specific tools based on the frameworks, e.g. the ESIA or social and environment management plan.

Environmental - Depending on the project impacts, - The EA tools such as SEA, assessment tool a range of tools are used to meet EIA or EPP are identified the World Bank's requirements, based on Appendices: I, II, including: Environmental and III and IV of Decree social management framework; No.18/2015/ND-CP. specific environmental

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The stages in WB Vietnam the environmental (Regulations on OP/BP 4.01 on (Provided at Decree No. assessment Environmental Assessment) 18/2015/ND-CP, Circular process No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT) assessment; environmental and social management plan; regional and sectoral EA; risk or hazard assessment; Environmental audit. The World Bank provides general guidelines for implementing each tool.

Scope of - The World Bank helps the - TOR for EA is not required. environmental borrower to draft the TOR for EA assessment and to determine the EA scope, - Normally, after consultation procedures, timetable and outline with the local DoNRE or of an EA report. VEA about the type of EA, Project Owner will prepare - For A-Category projects, it an EA report. requires ESIA TOR and the determination of scope and consultation will be necessary to prepare the TOR for environmental assessment report.

Community - During the EA, the Borrower - Project owner is responsible consultation must consult with affected groups for consulting with the and local NGOs on the People's Committee of the environmental aspects of the commune, ward or township project and focus their views. (hereinafter referred to as the commune) where project is - For A-Category projects, the being implemented, Borrower shall consult these consulting with groups at least twice: (a) organizations or immediately after the communities directly environmental inspection and affected by project; Research before the EA TOR completion; and receive objective and (b) once a draft EA report has opinions and requests from been prepared. In addition, the relevant agencies to Borrower will consult with these minimize project negative groups throughout the project impacts on the natural implementation process as needed environment, biodiversity to address issues related to EA and public health. that affect them. - Commune People's - For B-Category projects, there Committees where a project should be at least one community is implemented and

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The stages in WB Vietnam the environmental (Regulations on OP/BP 4.01 on (Provided at Decree No. assessment Environmental Assessment) 18/2015/ND-CP, Circular process No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT) consultation meeting. organized and directly affects will be consulted. - For meaningful consultations, the Project owner is responsible Borrower provides relevant for submitting the EIA report project documents in a timely to the commune-level manner prior to the consultation in people's committees where a form and language that the the project is implemented group can understand and be and organized and directly accessible to. affects, together with a written request for comment. - The minutes of the public meeting Within 15 working days are included in the report. from the date on which a EIA report is received, the commune-level people's committees and organizations under the direct impact of the project are obliged to submit their responses if they do not approve the project.

- The community consultation is carried out in the form of community meetings co- chaired by the Project Owner and the commune people's committees where the project is implemented together with the participation of the community such as: Vietnam Fatherland Front, socio- political organizations, socio-professional organizations, population quarters, villages/hamlets. All opinions of participants in the meetings must be fully and truthfully presented in the minutes of the meeting.

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The stages in WB Vietnam the environmental (Regulations on OP/BP 4.01 on (Provided at Decree No. assessment Environmental Assessment) 18/2015/ND-CP, Circular process No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT)

Information - Before the World Bank conducts - After EIA report is discloser a project appraisal, EA report approved, the Project Owner must be made public in a way that is responsible for preparing, is easily accessible to project- approving and publicly affected groups and local NGOs. displaying EMP at the local When the World Bank officially Commune People's receives report, the World Bank Committee office, in will publish the report in English consultation with the to the public via its website. community for people’s information, inspection, monitoring. (Article 16 of Decree No.18/2015/ND-CP).

Independent - For A-Category projects, the - This content is not regulated environmental Borrower retains independent EA in Vietnamese policy. specialist specialist who have no contact with the project to implement EA. - The Project Owner shall implement or hire a - For high-risk A-Category projects consulting unit which or projects with multi-dimensional satisfies the conditions environmental concerns, the specified in Clause 1, Article Borrower will also hire a 13 of Decree No.18/2015 to consultative group of independent make EIA report. Project environmental specialists with Owner or consultancy firms international qualifications to must fully meet the advise on the project aspects following conditions: (i) relating to EA. Staff responsible for EIA must have at least BA degree - Specialists/consultancy and EIA consultancy companies will be selected certificate; (ii) specialized through bidding under the close staff involved in the project supervision of the World Bank. must have university or higher degrees; (iii) have laboratory and testing equipment certified for measuring, sampling, processing and analyzing environmental samples for the environmental impact assessment of the project; In the absence of a laboratory, the calibration equipment

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The stages in WB Vietnam the environmental (Regulations on OP/BP 4.01 on (Provided at Decree No. assessment Environmental Assessment) 18/2015/ND-CP, Circular process No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT) must meets the requirements and there must be contract with qualified unit.

EA - The WB reviews EA's findings - The Ministry of Natural review/approval and recommendations to Resources and Environment process determine if it provides sufficient appraise and approve EIA grounds for the Bank to process reports of the projects the project. When Borrower has specified in Appendix III of completed all or part of the this Decree, excluding the environmental assessment before projects relating to defense the Bank participates in a project, and security contents. the Bank will consider the environmental assessment to - The Ministries or the ensure its consistency with this ministerial-level agencies policy. The Bank may, where shall appraise and approve appropriate, request additional EIA reports on projects environmental assessments, under their competence for including public consultation and investment approval, except disclosure. for projects listed in Appendix III of this Decree;

- The Provincial People's Committees conduct appraisal and approval of EIA reports for projects in their provinces, except the projects mentioned above.

- The appraisal will take place at least 45 working days at the MoNRE level and 30 working days at the DoNRE level and 5 working days at the district level after receipt of full Environmental Impact Assessment or full EPP.

The number - Number of copies is not specified. - Project Owner must submit and language of at least 07 environmental the EA/EIA to - Language requirements: English impact assessment reports be evaluated and Vietnamese. EA reports in (depending on number of Vietnamese are required for appraisal committee

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The stages in WB Vietnam the environmental (Regulations on OP/BP 4.01 on (Provided at Decree No. assessment Environmental Assessment) 18/2015/ND-CP, Circular process No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT) domestic disclosure and must be members) and 01 feasibility in English for publication on the study or technical report of a World Bank’s website. proposed project.

Content of EA - For A-Category projects, the - The content of an EA report report content of an EA report is in line must be in line with Circular with Appendix B of OP4.01. No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT.

- The EA scope for B-Category projects may vary depending on each project, but the EA's scope is narrower than that of A-Category projects. Environmental and social management plans are an integral part of EAs Category A (regardless of other tools to be used). EA for B-Category projects may also be an environmental and social management plan with the content set out in Appendix C of OP 4.01.

Monitoring EA - During the project - The local DoNRE is implementation, the World Bank entrusted monitoring the will supervise the implementation environmental compliance of of the environmental aspects on the projects. the basis of environmental regulations and the Borrower - At the end of the project arranges reports of the agreement construction phases, the in the Loan Agreement and in Environmental Management other project documents to Agency will coordinate with determine if the compliance of the the Construction Borrower's Environmental Management Agency to Procedures (mainly with EMP) is monitor the compliance of satisfactory. If the compliance is the environmental not satisfactory, the World Bank management activities stated will discuss with the Borrower to in the EAs. ensure the compliance, if necessary.

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CHAPTER 4: NATURAL, SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS 4.1. Background environmental conditions in the subproject area 4.1.1. Natural environment

4.1.1.1. Geographical conditions a. Geographical location

Kon Tum is a mountainous and border province, located in the North of the Central Highlands in geographic coordinates from 107020'15" to 108032'30" East longitude and from 13055'10" to 15027'15" North latitude, Quang Nam province in the North (boundary length of 142 km), the South adjacent to Gia Lai province (203 km), the East adjacent to Quang Ngai (74 km), the West adjacent to Laos and Cambodia (with a shared borderline of 280.7 km long).

Figure 4-1: Administrative map of Kon Tum province

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- The North is adjacent to Quang Nam province, with a boundary length of 142 km.

- The West is adjacent to Laos and Cambodia with 280 km of borderline.

- The South is adjacent to Gia Lai province, with a boundary length of 203 km.

Located in the Indochina junction and is the convergence of national highways: 40, 14 - Ho Chi Minh road, 24, Dong Truong Son, Kon Tum not far from the key economic region of the Central (200 - 300 km).

b. Terrain conditions

➢ General terrain of Kon Tum province

Most of Kon Tum province is located in the West of Truong Son Mountain Range, the terrain is lower from North to South and from East to West. The terrain of Kon Tum province is quite diverse: alternate hills, plateaus and lowlands. Of which:

Hill and mountain topography: accounts for about 2/5 of the whole province area, including the continuous hills and mountains with a slope of 150 or more. The mountains in Kon Tum, due to the structure of ancient metamorphic rocks, have a mass form like Ngoc Linh block (with Ngoc Linh peak of 2,598 m high) - the origin of many rivers flowing to Quang Nam, Da Nang such as Thu Bon river and Vu Gia river; flowing to Quang Ngai such as Tra Khuc river. The mountainous terrain is mainly distributed in the north - northwest running to the east of Kon Tum province. In addition, Kon Tum also has some mountains such as Bon San mountain (1,939 m); Ngoc Kring mountain (2,066 m). The surface of the terrain is severely divided, forming narrow valleys, crevices and streams. The hilly terrain is mainly concentrated in Sa Thay district, which is tilted to the west and gradually lower to the southwest, alternating between the hills is Chumomray mountain range.

Valley terrain: It is located along Po Ko river to the south of the province. It has a trough which is gradually lower to the south, along the valley, there are wavy hills such as Dak Uy and Dak Ha and there are many flat surfaces such as Kon Tum city. Sa Thay valley was formed between mountains extending eastward along the Vietnam - Cambodia border.

Plateau terrain: Kon Tum province has Kon Plong plateau located between An Khe and Ngoc Linh ranges with the elevation of 1,100 - 1,300 m, this is a small plateau, running in the direction of Northwest - Southeast.

➢ Terrain of reservoirs under the subproject All 14 reservoirs under Kon Tum provincial subproject have a common feature of terrain that is mixed with valleys and low hills. The reservoirs are formed based on confluents running between low hills, basin slopes are relatively high, while their areas are relatively small.

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Figure 4-2: Topographic map of Kon Tum province in particular and Central Highlands in general

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➢ Soil conditions of Kon Tum province

Kon Tum is located on Kon Tum lifting block, thus it is very diverse in geological and mineral structure. There are 21 stratigraphic units and 19 magma complexes have been studied and established by geologists for a variety of mineral types such as: iron, chromium, gold, refractory materials, precious and semi-precious stones, radioactive metals, rare earths, raw materials for production of construction materials, etc.... have been discovered. Many prospective mineral regions being investigated to establish geological maps of 1/50,000 scale, along with other thematic studies, etc.... will be an important basis for local socio-economic development planning. Through surveys of specialized agencies, Kon Tum is now focusing on some of the following minerals:

- Mineral group for production of building materials: this group is very diverse, including clay (brick and tile), construction sand, pebble, marble, limestone, granite, puzzolan, etc.

- Mineral group of sound insulation, thermal insulation and environmental treatment materials, including diatomite and bentonite, mainly concentrated in Kon Tum city.

- Mineral group of refractory materials consists of sillimanite, dolomite, quasit concentrated mainly in Dak Glei, Dak Ha and Ngoc Hoi districts.

- Fire mineral group consists of peat coals, mainly concentrated in Kon Tum city, Dak Ha district, Dak To district.

- Mineral group of ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, rare metals consists of manganese in Dak Ha; tin, molybdenum, tungsten, uranium, thorium, concentrated mainly in Dak To, Dak Glei, Ngoc Hoi and Konplong; bauxite concentrated mainly in Kon Plong.

- Gemstone mineral group consists of rubies, sapphire, opal, chalcedon concentrated in Dak To and Konplong.

Land resources of Kon Tum province are divided into 5 groups with 17 main types of soil:

- Alluvial soil group consists of three main types of soil that are deposited alluvial soil, mottled alluvial soil and stream alluvial soil.

- Gray soil group consists of two main types of soil: gray soil on acid magma and gray soil on ancient alluvial soil.

- Yellow soil group consists of 6 main types that are brownish yellow soil on ancient alluvial soil, yellow-red soil on acid magma, yellow-red soil on clay and metamorphic rocks, reddish brown soil on weathered basalt, pale yellow soil on sandstone and purple brown soil on basalt.

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- Valley soil group: only one main type of soil is valley soil with dystric gleysols.

➢ Soil conditions of reservoirs

The soil in the reservoir areas of the subproject has relatively similar characteristics, allocated into 02 main soil groups: yellow red soil group and humic acrisols group.

- Red yellow soil group: consists of 6 soil units (reddish brown soil on basic and neutral magma rocks Fk, yellow brown soil on basic and neutral magma stones Fu, Yellow red soil on clay and metamorphic rocks Fs, red yellow soil on magma acid Fa, light yellow soil on sand rocks Fq, yellow brown soil on ancient alluvial soil Fp).

- Humic acrisols group consists of 3 soil units (Reddish brown humus on basic and neutral magma rocks Hk, yellow red humus on clay and metamorphic rocks Hs, Red yellow humus on magma acid rock Ha).

4.1.1.2. Climate and meteorological conditions

Kon Tum belongs to the highland tropical monsoon climate zone. Average annual temperature fluctuates between 22 - 230C, daily temperature fluctuates range within 8 - 90C.

Kon Tum has 2 distinguished seasons: the rainy season mainly lasting from April to November, the dry season from December to March next year. Annually, the average rainfall is about 2,121 mm, the highest annual rainfall is 2,260 mm, the lowest year is 1,234 mm, and the month with the highest rainfall is August. In the dry season, the wind is mainly in the northeast direction; in the rainy season, the wind is mainly in the southwest direction.

Annual average humidity ranges from 78 - 87%. Air humidity is highest in August - September (about 90%), the lowest month is March (about 66%).

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Figure 4-3: Rainfall map of Kon Tum province

4.1.1.3. Hydrological conditions

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The watershed system of rivers flowing eastward into the East Sea such as Ba River originated from Kon Klang mountain area (Kon Plong district), through Gia Lai province, Phu Yen province and flowing into the East Sea. This system created Ba River with the downstream Ayunpa hydraulic work, irrigated for 1,500 km2 of Gia Lai province. There are also Tranh and Cai rivers originating from Ngoc Linh and flowing to Quang Nam, Quang Ngai and some other small rivers and streams.

The watershed system of rivers flows westward into the Mekong River such as Xe Xan river system, this system includes rivers:

+ Dak Bla River: Originating from Kon Plong flowing through Kon Tum city, joined with Poco river.

+ Dak Pxi River: originating from the foot of Ngoc Linh mountain, flowing from North to South, when coming to Dien Binh, flowing into Poco river.

+ Poco River: originated in the Northwestern mountainous area of Ngoc Haye, at the border of Quang Nam - Kon Tum, flowing southward, passing Dak Sut and meeting Dak Pxi river in Dien Binh (Dak To). When coming to Kroong commune (Kon Tum), it joined with Dak Bla river flowing from the east to form Xe Xan river or Ya Bolah river, a tributary of Mekong river.

- Kon Tum has many large natural or artificial reservoirs such as Ia Chim, Dak Ui reservoirs, hydropower reservoirs, etc.

b. Groundwater resources: Groundwater resources in Kon Tum province have potential and industrial reserves of grade C2: 100,000 m3/day, especially from the depth of 60m – 300m with relatively large reserves. In addition, in Dak To district, Kon Plong, people discovered 9 sites with hot mineral water that can be exploited and used as soft drinks and good cure.

Kon Tum is the origin of large rivers; this is a very important location for environmental protection, not only for the province but also for the Central Coast region, Mekong River Delta and provinces of Lower Laos, Cambodia. 4.1.2. Biodiversity

The total area of forested land in the province is 629,942 ha, accounting for about 64% of the total natural land area of the province. Of which, natural forest accounts for 597,328 ha. Of the total natural forest area, there are 93,226 ha of special- use forests, including: Chu Mo Rai National Park (50,734 ha), Dak Ui special-use forest (700 ha), Ngoc Linh Nature Conservation forest (41,420ha); additional planting area in special-use forests: 372.4 ha. The total reserve of forest timber is about 60 million m3 and nearly 950 million bamboo trees.

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Forest fauna: Forest fauna in Kon Tum province are rich and diverse, there are many rare and endangered species such as gaur (Bos Gaurus), gray cow (Bos sauveli), tiger (Panthera tigris), wild buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), Langurs, deers, gibbons, monkeys, Hornbills, Parrots with striped beaks, etc.

Forest flora: According to initial survey results, Kon Tum province has more than 1610 species belonging to more than 734 genera and 175 plant families. Especially, there are many rare and endangered species in the red book that need to be protected and developed such as: Ngoc Linh Ginseng, Yellow vine (Coscinium fenestratum), Fokienia, Agarwood (Aloes wood), etc.

Since 1992 until now, the status of forests in Kon Tum has evolved in a positive trend due to investment in forest zoning, natural forest restoration and reforestation, implementing the policy of "closing forests", strongly limiting annual logging targets (from over 70 000 m3 in 1992, to about 25.000 – 30.000 m3 and currently implementing the policy of closing forests). Many forest enterprises become civil cultural centers with the core function of restoring forests.

At the reservoirs under the subproject:

According to the Summary Report on the research results and implementation of the task of "Biodiversity conservation planning in Kon Tum province to 2020 and orientation to 2030", the region will implement 14 reservoirs under the subproject: Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8) in Kon tum province, there are no rare and endangered species of plants and animals to be protected and endemic species in the area that may be affected by the subproject.

On the other hand, the subproject is implemented in 05 districts and Kon Tum city including 14 reservoirs that have been built from 2000 and earlier, the water level elevation has been controlled, the irrigation area was stable, the reservoir area was compensated. On the other hand, to meet the criteria of the project under WB8, only improving the dam safety does not enlarge the irrigation capacity, and does not increase the capacity of the reservoirs, so the Subproject almost has negligible impacts on the current status of biological resources in these reservoirs. However, it is possible to summarize on the current status of biological resources of the reservoirs under the similar subproject as following:

- Terrestrial flora and fauna

+ List of animal species such as buffaloes, cows, breeding chickens, wild chickens, cuckoos, finches, snakes, mice, etc.

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+ For agricultural areas: agricultural crops, rubber, coffee and wet rice crops.

- Aquatic flora and fauna: The aquatic flora and fauna of reservoirs under the subproject is relatively abundant such as:

• Species such as Sinotaia bengarensis filose, Clea bandomiana, Dentodiaptomus javanus, Villopotamon thaii, Donopotamon hai, Larnaudia larnaudii, prawns (Macrobrachium secamanense), shrimp (Atyopsis mollucensis) and some other species.

• Freshwater fish on the stream such as: catfish (Siluse clarida), snakehead fish (Channa maculata), perch (Anabas testudineus) etc.

• Fish in the reservoir such as: Carp (Cyprinus carpio), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), bream (hypophthalmichthys) etc.

• Other fishes such as: Bangana berhi, Chela laubuca, Oxygaster oxygastroides, Barilius guttatus, Puntius binotatus, Probarbus jillieni, Cirrhinus lineatus, Cyprinus centralus, etc.

• Plankton species including: Seaweed, moss, algae, etc.

The flora and fauna in the subproject area is likely to be affected by the construction activities of the subproject as well as being ecologically sensitive and will require specific mitigation measures for these ecosystems. 4.1.3. Impacts of climate change on Kon Tum province

4.1.3.1. Extreme phenomena

The climate change has caused extreme weather events in Kon Tum province in particular and the country in general. Some typical phenomena are recorded in the province:

- Flash floods, landslides.

- Heat wave and drought: One of the most pronounced effects of climate change is the unusual changes of weather; prolonged heat waves on high temperature have affected human health significantly. The prolonged heat waves are the causes that affect human health, causing drought affecting agricultural production and fisheries and increasing the level of forest fire.

- Floods and flash floods: Historical flood in 2009 on Dak Bla river.

- Other dangerous weather events such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, hail appear more and more often and are unpredictable.

4.1.3.2. Impacts of climate change

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- Directly affecting productivity and production of most major industrial crops (CCN) of the province such as coffee, rubber, pepper.

- Affecting the growth of crops, reducing resistance, increasing the ability of disease outbreaks, increasing the likelihood of plants wilting, dying and reducing productivity and product quality.

- Changing the reproductive habits of livestock.

- Increasing the risk of disease and the ability to spread, causing great damage, reducing productivity.

- Destroying or damaging breeding facilities.

- Reducing forest land fund.

- Changing the forest structure and quality.

- Increasing risk of forest fire. 4.1.4. Current status of natural environment components

In order to assess the current status of environmental quality in the subproject area, the PPMU of "Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement" (WB8) in Kon Tum province has arranged personnel to coordinate with the Consultant to conduct field surveys, monitoring and analyzing the quality of environmental components (air, surface water, groundwater and soil).

Environmental status of the Subproject implementation area is evaluated by two main methods:

- Method of quick assessment of the current environmental status: to be done for the air and water environment.

- Method of analysis in the laboratory: to be done for air, water and soil environment.

4.1.4.1. Current status of air environment and noise

- Monitoring parameters include: Temperature, humidity, wind speed, suspended

dust, CO, SO2, NO2 air pollutant concentrations and noises.

- Methods and equipment: continuous measurement and sampling for one day. Methods of sampling, measuring and analyzing in accordance with current Vietnamese standards.

- Monitoring position: Around the reservoir and dam core.

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Figure 4-4: Average suspended dust concentration in the reservoir areas

Figure 4-5: Average noise level in the reservoir areas

4.1.2.2. Current status of water environment

a. Current status of surface water environment

- - Monitoring parameters include: PH, BOD 5, COD, DO, TSS, NO2-, NO3- , Cl , Iron, Copper, Total Coliform, E.Coli, Chlorine-based pesticides.

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- Sample preservation method: Samples are taken in accordance with the current specifications and regulations of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, samples are kept tightly closed and cool-preserved during transportation from the sampling area to the laboratory.

- Monitoring location: The reservoir and the downstream area of the dam.

The results of monitoring and analyzing the surface water quality of the construction areas are attached in Appendix 4 of the Report. Through the analysis results, the monitoring parameters of surface water quality in all 14 areas are relatively good, most of the parameters are lower than B1 column of QCVN 08- MT:2015/BTNMT. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) in some reservoirs exceeds the standard but not too significantly.

The subproject implementation area is rural, industrial production activities in the reservoir basins are almost absent, the source of discharge to the environment is mainly from farming, agricultural production, husbandry activities. However, this source of waste is insignificant, surface water quality in the project areas is quite good, it can be used for irrigation or other purpose with similar water quality requirements.

Figure 4-6: Average biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) in the reservoir areas b. Current status of groundwater environment

- Monitoring parameters include pH, DO, TDS, CaCO3 hardness, Nitrate, Chloride, Fluoride, As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg, Fe, Coliform. - Monitoring and analysis methods: Rapid measurement method in the field and taking samples to the laboratory to analyze in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment - Sample preservation method: Samples are taken in accordance with the current specifications and regulations of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, samples are kept tightly closed and cool-preserved during transportation from the sampling area to the laboratory.

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The results of monitoring and analyzing the underground water quality are attached in Appendix 4 of the Report. Samples of underground water collected at residential areas around 14 construction works of the subproject are mostly treated (filtered) well water, the remaining is water from manual digged wells. The analytical results show that the current status of groundwater quality in the subproject areas is quite good, because people use clean water sources. The analytical values of the indicators in the analyzed water samples are within the permissible technical standards for underground water quality (QCVN09-MT:2015/BTNMT).

4.1.2.3. Current status of soil environment

- Parameters for conducting monitoring include: Chromium, zinc, copper, lead, Cadmium and Arsenic.

- Monitoring and analysis methods: Samples are taken at the soil profile with a depth of 0.25 m and weight of 01, then divided into 04 parts, selected according to the principle of apex, preserved in containers with chemical inert materials and transported to the Laboratory for analysis in accordance with current regulations.

- Sampling locations: At the shore of the reservoirs.

Review and evaluation

The results of monitoring and analyzing the soil quality of the construction areas are attahed in Appendix 4 of the Report. The content of heavy metals in the soil in the subproject areas is within the allowable limits of QCVN 03-MT:2015/BTNMT: National technical regulation on the allowable limits of heavy metals in the soils. Reservoirs are located in the area of agricultural production land, not affected by polluting industrial production activities.

The location map of sampling the current environmental status of the construction area of 14 reservoir items under the subproject is presented in Appendix 3.1 of the Report. 4.2. Socio-economic characteristics 4.2.1. General characteristics of Kon tum province

a. Population

The whole province's population is 495,876 people, of which urban people account for 36%. Kon Tum is a province with a low population density compared to the whole country. In recent years, the province's population growth rate has gradually decreased, the natural growth rate is 1.95% in 2015.

Table 4.1. Population situation of Kon Tum province

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Population Area Population density No. Unit (km2) (people/km2)

1 Kon Tum City 161.048 432,12 372

2 Dak Glei district 43.643 1495,26 29

3 Dak To district 43.510 506,41 78

4 Tu Mo Rong district 24.854 857,69 29

5 Dak Ha district 68.395 845,72 81

6 Kon Ray district 24.786 911,35 27

7 Kon Plong district 24.428 1381,16 18

8 Ngoc Hoi district 50.843 844,54 60

9 Sa Thay district 47.520 1431,36 33

10 Ia HrDrai district 6.850 980,22 7

TOTAL 495.876 9689,61 51

Source: Statistical yearbook of Kon Tum province, 2016;

In Kon Tum area, there are 25 ethnic groups, of which Kinh people account for 46.8% of the provincial population, followed by Xo Dang people with 24.4%; Bana people with 12.5%; Gie Trieng people with 7.4%; Gia Lai people with 4.8%; etc.

Since the Kinh people came to Kon Tum and settled for a long time here, then the migration of the ethnic minorities in the North, the picture of population distribution among ethnic groups in the province has a big change, which can be seen in the following common features:

- Kinh people reside mostly in the city and towns, along major traffic axes, very few live alternately with ethnic minorities in the villages.

- The Northern ethnic minorities migrate to live in each concentrated area next to the indigenous minorities.

b. Laborers

The number of laborers in 2015 was 257 764 people, accounting for 52% of the total population, of which female laborers accounted for 49.2% of the total labor force, the annual labor force increased slowly, the labor structure mainly focuses on agriculture, forestry and fishery industry group; however, it is tending to decrease.

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Year 2008 2010 2011 2012 2015

Total laborers (people) 200 483 208 211 215 334 222 858 237 764

Agriculture, forestry and 79,4 76,6 74,4 72,3 69,6 fishery (%)

Industry, construction (%) 6,4 8,2 8,3 9,7 10,3

Services (%) 14,2 15,2 17,3 18,0 20,1

c. About Economy

Kon Tum has a large area of agricultural land with 856,646 hectares, accounting for 88.4% of natural land area. Land is suitable for many kinds of crops such as: rice, rubber, coffee, pepper, sugarcane, cold-climate vegetables and flowers, etc. Currently, agriculture is still a key economic sector of the province. There is a great potential for land to grow, expand areas, intensify and transform crops.

The value of agricultural production in the province increased continuously over the years. Agriculture in the province is developing towards the production of goods, the structure of crops and livestock is moving at a fast pace. This demonstrates the great local efforts in agricultural development.

Table 4.3: Structure of agricultural production value in Kon Tum province (%)

Agricultural Year Cultivation Breeding services

2005 78,49 16,63 4,88

2008 79,88 17,08 3,04

2012 81,38 14,27 4,50

Source: Local geography of Kon Tum province

- In the structure of industrial crops, coffee trees, tea trees and cashew trees are those with mainly cultivated area. Of which, the area of planting rubber trees and coffee trees has a rapid and stable increase. Along with the area expansion, the genetic selection and intensive investment are focused. New coffee and rubber varieties suitable to the ecological conditions of each region are planted. Many economic types of agricultural - forestry farms, households, farms, etc. are formed and developed, creating specialized areas of industrial crops with high economic value, mostly concentrated in Dak Ha district, Kon Tum City, Ngoc Hoi District, Dak To District.

d. Transport conditions

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The provincial routes have a total length of nearly 400 km, which basically ensures efficient operation both in the dry season and the rainy season. Due to the characteristics of the geographic location, the road transport dominates almost absolutely in both cargo and passenger transports, the period from 2000 to 2009.

Currently, the province is implementing many projects: Ho Chi Minh road – National Highway 14, National Highway 24 (km69 - km130), National Highway 14C, Vi-Say - Mang But, Dak Pxi bridge road, etc. 4.2.2. Socio-economic characteristics of reservoir areas

The socio-economic situation of the Sub-project communes is summarized and presented in the following table:

Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name

1. Dak Mar * Agricultural production: * Population: commune, Dak Ha district Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 1,966.8 ha, reaching 88.34% of the plan, of area is 1,680 households, 7,056 people. which: - Characteristics of ethnic groups in the - Annual crops are 284.66 ha, reaching 69.7% area: Kinh people account for the majority of the plan. with 95%; The majority of households of Ba Na and Gia Rai ethnic minorities live - Perennial crops are 1,682.4 ha, reaching scatteredly in the villages. 92.54% of the plan assigned by the district. - Living standard: Estimated implementation as of December 31, 2017, the total cultivated area reached 1,975.56 The living standard of the people in the area hectares (a decrease of 250.94 hectares has been increasingly improved. Income compared to the same period in 2016, the cause from cultivation and breeding (especially of decrease was due to the cultivation area of coffee growing) has brought revenue to people outside the commune is 249.5 hectares ensure basic needs of people. in Sa Thay and Dak To districts, reaching 88.73% of the plan, of which: The work of hunger eradication & poverty reduction is also very focused and there are - Annual crops are 293.16 ha, reaching 71.78% many positive changes, the poverty rate in of the plan, of which (159.6 ha of food crops, the province is less than 7% with 114 92.4 ha of starch crops; 34.3 ha of food crops; households/580 people. 6.9 ha of other annual crops) - Education: - Perennial crops are 1,682.4 ha, reaching 92.54% of the plan assigned by the district, In the commune area, there are many including (1,515.1 ha of Coffee; 103.6 ha of secondary schools and kindergartens to Rubber; 9.7 ha of Pepper; 35 ha of Fruit trees; ensure teaching and learning quality such 19 ha of Other perennial crops). as: Vo Thi Sau, Ko Pa Ko Long, Nguyen Hue and A Ning schools with a total of

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name 2,136 students. Direct people to harvest the area of semi- submerged cassava when the water rises, the The number of secondary school graduates average yield is 10 tons/ha (fresh cassava). last year was 141 students. 101 students continue to study high schools, developing * Breeding vocational training activities to ensure careers for children in the area. The total number of cattle and poultries in the commune is 39,706, of which there are 4,303 - Health: cattle and 35,403 poultries. The medical examination and treatment The area of pond culture is 40.4 ha, the area of activities in the commune still have many cage culture is 44 fish cages, and economic difficulties, the commune health station development is on PleiKrong hydropower facilities only meet the needs of regular reservoir. medical examination and treatment, the amount of medicines supplied to the * Trade - Services facilities is still lacking.

At present, the commune has more than 120 - Security and order: production and business establishments, 09 industry combinations. Business activities are Security, order and national defense in the relatively simple, small-scale. area are relatively guaranteed. Traffic accidents show signs of mitigation, social evils are strictly controlled

Forest protection in the area is also much focused.

However, accidents at PleiKrong hydropower reservoir still occurred due to people's consciousness, last year there were 3 drowning cases in the reservoir area.

2. Dak La – * Agricultural production: * Population: Dak Ha district Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 4,260 ha, reaching 98.6% of the plan, of which: area is 1,205 households, 5,181 people.

- 1,134 ha of annual crops; - Characteristics of ethnic groups in the area: Dak La commune has quite a large - 3,124 ha of perennial crops. number of households of Xe Dang and Ba Na ethnic people living in the areas of - Rice area is 1,039ha. This is the main short- villages 6, 7 and 3. The compatriots live in day crop in the commune; the water demand is harmony with Kinh people. very high. - Living standard: * Breeding The lives of many ethnic minority The total number of cattle is 5,248, poultry is households still face many difficulties and 20,000. their incomes are still low due to the backward cultivation, the productivity of Aquaculture area is 21 ha, fish culture in crops (especially wet rice) is not high, reservoirs is 14 ha, and pond culture is 7 ha. which has not taken advantage of irrigation The upgrading of Ca Sam reservoir also creates and drainage systems.

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name good conditions for the development of aquaculture on the reservoir, improving the The rate of poor households is 13.44%. local economy. - Education: * Trade - Services The total number of students is 2,351, the At present, in the commune, there are 124 total number of secondary school graduates households producing and trading services, in is 166, the total of students continues to which the commune manages 88 small study high schools is 83, and 10 students businesses. are under apprenticeship.

Inspection of food safety and hygiene has been There is collaboration with the district strengthened. Center for Vocational Education - Continuing Education to organize Food supply comes from small trading points, vocational training for rural workers with food markets with small areas which adequately 54 participants. meet the demand in the area. - Health:

Maintain medical examination and treatment at the commune health station; take good care of local people's health.

Propaganda about family planning for people in childbearing age.

- Security and order:

Political security and social order in the commune is stable. Religious activities take place normally and in accordance with the law. The main religion in the area is Catholicism.

3. Ha Mon * Agricultural production: * Population: commune, Dak Ha district Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 1,748 ha, the area managed by the commune is area is 1,097 households, 4,234 people. Of 1,202ha, of which: which, women account for 2,344 people (50.5%). Percentage of poor households in - Annual crop area is 159 ha: Rice area is 34ha, the commune is 27.2%. 1ha of corn, 11ha of hunting, 24ha of vegetables. - Characteristics of ethnic groups in the area: Kinh people account for the majority - Perennial crop area is 1,043ha: Rubber area is with 92%; The majority of households of 145ha, coffee area is 851ha, and other perennial Ba Na and Gia Rai ethnic minorities live crop area is 45.5ha. scattered in the villages.

Coffee is a major crop in the commune with a - Education: large area. The demand for irrigation water in the area is very high, the repairing and The current total number of pupils in the upgrading of C3 and C4 reservoir is a great step 2017-2018 school year in commune schools for the commune's agricultural economic is 810. Of which, 201 kindergarten pupils, development. 380 primary pupils, 229 secondary pupils.

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name

* Breeding Education universalization: grade 1 enrollment rate is 100%; primary school The total number of cattle is 1,120, poultry is enrollment rate is 100%, secondary school 25,194. enrollment rate is 94.8%.

Focus on exploiting the potentials and - Health: advantages of irrigation works and dams to develop aquaculture. The total area of fish Health care in the area basically meets the farming is 12.5 ha, there are 64 fish farming needs of people and vaccination is carried households and about 100 fish cages with out regularly, propaganda is carried out production of 130 tons. regularly to raise people's awareness of environmental sanitation. There are 04 * Trade - Services cases of dengue fever in the year (very low rate). Operation in the fields of handicraft, services, agricultural materials, construction materials - Security and order: and retails meets the needs of the local people. 01 enterprise and 06 private companies, 02 Security, order and national defense in the agricultural cooperatives, 19 cooperative groups area are relatively guaranteed. Traffic and 32 farm households. accidents show signs of mitigation, social evils are strictly controlled. In general, trading and services in the area are relatively stable.

4. Dak Ngok * Agricultural production: * Population: commune - Dak Ha district Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 2,831 ha, of which: area is 1,097 households, 4,234 people. Of which, women account for 2,173 people - Annual crop area is 971 ha: Rice area is (50.5%). 490ha, 93ha of corn, 159ha of cassava, 24ha of vegetables. - The rate of poor households is 79 households, accounting for 7.2%. - Perennial crop area is 1,859ha: Rubber area is 105ha, coffee area is 1,633ha, litsea area is - The composition of ethnic groups includes 94ha, and other perennial crop area is 45.5ha. the Gie Trieng and Gia Rai people living in harmony with the Kinh people. Coffee is a major crop in the commune with a large area. The demand for irrigation water in - Education: the area is very high, the repairing and upgrading of C2 reservoir will strengthen the The current total number of pupils in the ability to supply irrigation water for the 2017-2018 school year in commune schools commune's agricultural economic development. is 687. Of which, 142 kindergarten pupils, 330 primary pupils, 225 secondary pupils. * Breeding Education universalization: grade 1 The total number of cattle is 7,279, poultry is enrollment rate is 100%; primary school 55,097 enrollment rate is 100%, secondary school enrollment rate is 92.8%. Focus on exploiting the potentials and advantages of irrigation works and dams to - Health: develop aquaculture. The total area of aquaculture is 378.9ha, the production is 434.2 Health care in the area basically meets the

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name tons. needs of people and vaccination is carried out regularly, propaganda is carried out In 2017, flu pandemic AH5N6 occurred in regularly to raise people's awareness of Thanh Xuan hamlet with a total of 4,650 poultry environmental sanitation. and 3,000 eggs destroyed. Veterinary industry sprayed disinfectants in the area and fully - Security and order: vaccinated. Security, order and national defense in the * Trade - Services area are relatively guaranteed, social evils are relatively controlled. Forest patrol, Operation in the fields of handicraft, services, protection, management and forest fire agricultural materials, construction materials prevention are carried out regularly. At the and retails meets the needs of the local people. same time, propagate and raise people's awareness in protection of forest and There are 40 businesses; 25 handicraft community properties. enterprises.

In general, the trade and service activities in the locality are small and to serve local people's needs, there is no specific development plan.

5. Dak Hring, * Agricultural production: * Population: Dak Ha district; Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 3,507 ha, of which: area is 1,836 households, 8,816 people. Of which, there are 841 ethnic minority - Annual crops area is 396 ha: Rice area is households, accounting for 45.8%. 83.9ha, 73ha of corn, 27.2ha of cassava, 21ha of vegetables. - The rate of poor households is 244 households, accounting for 13%. - Perennial crop area is 3,112ha: Rubber area is 2,010ha, coffee area is 1,042ha, litsea area is - The composition of ethnic groups includes 9,5ha, and pepper area is 9.5ha. the Ba Na, Gie Trieng and Gia Rai people living in harmony with the Kinh people. Coffee and rubber are 02 key crops of the commune with a large area and high water - Education: demand. The current total number of pupils in the 03 businesses in the commune rent land from 2017-2018 school year in commune schools 112 households contracted the land area of Dak is 2,564, of which: secondary school has Hring Rubber Plantation to intercrop passion 725 pupils; kindergarten has 645 pupils; Be fruit crop in the 80ha area of rubber trees. Van Dan primary school has 739 pupils; Phan Dinh Giot primary school has 502 * Breeding pupils.

The total number of cattle is 1,647, poultry is The facilities for teaching and learning are 11,422. relatively guaranteed and are paid much attention by the State. People are regularly instructed on aquaculture techniques, encouraged to utilize water surface - Health: of ponds and reservoir to farm to raise incomes and improve their lives. The commune has 01 health station meeting national standards; build and deploy the The total area of aquaculture is 5 ha and the prevention and combat of epidemics, spray

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name pond area is 3.9 ha. chemicals to kill mosquitoes to prevent dengue fever; periodic immunization for * Forestry: children under 5 years old.

The total area of forest and forest land of the - Security and order: commune is 2,602.9 ha, of which: 1,707ha of forest land is managed by the commune; 493.1 The work of ensuring national defense - ha is contracted to households for forest care security and order in the commune is and protection; 282ha is managed by Dak Ha guaranteed; good demographic and paper material committee. household management in the area is a favorable condition for project Promote the forest protection and prevention of implementation. forest fires, raise people's awareness through advocacy.

* Trade - Services

The commune has 01 Rubber plantation; 05 private businesses; 01 Agricultural - trade - service cooperative; 316 production and business households.

Commercial activities are relatively stable, basically meeting people's demand for goods and daily activities.

6. Hoa Binh * Agricultural production: * Population: commune - Kon Tum city Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 1,873.7 ha, of which: area is 1,578 households, 7,164 people. Of which, women account for 3,681 people - Annual crop area is 738.7 ha: Wet rice area is (51%). 222.7ha, 70ha of corn, 410ha of cassava, 20ha of vegetables. - The rate of poor households is 110 households, accounting for 7.1%. - Perennial crop area is 1,135ha: Rubber area is 934ha, coffee area is 106ha, other fruit crop and - Education: industrial plant area is 95ha. The current total number of pupils in the Rubber is a major crop in the commune with a 2017-2018 school year in commune schools large area. The demand for irrigation water in is 1,369. Of which, 297 kindergarten pupils, the area is very high, the repairing and 677 primary pupils, 375 secondary pupils. upgrading of Ia Bang Thuong reservoir will strengthen the ability to supply irrigation water Education universalization: meeting for the commune's agricultural economic universal standard of eliminating illiteracy development. at level 2, meeting standard of preschool universalization for 5-year-old children, * Breeding meeting the universal standard of secondary education at level 1, meeting the universal The total number of cattle and poultry is 33,447. standard of primary education at level 3 Of which: 1647 cows, 3600 pigs, 600 goats; 27,600 poultries. - Health:

Vaccination for avian flu, influenza A virus Health care in the area basically meets the

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name subtype H5N1 in 2 times with 23,200 doses; needs of people and vaccination is carried injection of cholera pigs in 2 times with 2800 out regularly, propaganda is carried out doses; rabies vaccination of dogs and cats with regularly to raise people's awareness of 270 doses, vaccination of foot and mouth environmental sanitation. disease with 3,200 doses, Vaccination of pasteurellosis for cows with 1600 doses. - Security and order: Disinfect in concentrated farms and slaughterhouses in the area. 25 cases occurred; 9 cases higher than the same period last year; Subject management: * Trade - Services 13 subjects under criminal investigation, 15 subjects received suspended sentences, 6 Total retail revenue of goods and service in the young people violating the law, 13 young area in 2017 reached nearly 18 billion VND. people expressing law violations, 5 subjects are released from prison. Currently, there are about 510 large and small production and business establishments operating in the area, commercial and service establishments operate stably, basically meeting the demand for use and consumption of local people in the area.

7. Po Ko * Agricultural production: * Population: commune Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 1,624.61 ha, of which: area is 928 households, 3,952 people. Natural population growth rate is 1.28%. - Annual crops area is 871.1 ha: Rice area is 71.6ha, 03ha of corn, 796.5ha of cassava. The total number of poor households is 208, near poor households is 33. Assigning - Perennial crop area is 753.51ha: Rubber area public officials in charge of poor is 462.15ha, coffee area is 166.66ha, litsea area households to ensure the poverty exit rate, is 124.7ha. the number of households escaped poverty according to assigned district's plan. Rubber and cassava are major crops in the commune with a large area. The demand for - Education: irrigation water in the area is very high, the repairing and upgrading of Kon Tu Zop The current total number of pupils in the reservoir will strengthen the ability to supply 2017-2018 school year in commune schools irrigation water for the commune's agricultural is 1023. Of which, 300 kindergarten pupils, economic development. 428 primary pupils, 295 secondary pupils.

* Breeding Education universalization: Preschool: mobilization of 3-year-old children to enroll - The total number of cattle is 584. Of which: 03 reaches 100%; Secondary school: buffaloes, 356 cows, 25 goats, 200 pigs mobilization of pupils to enroll in grade 6 reaches 95.4%; Primary school: - The total number of poultry is 10,000. mobilization of students to enroll in grade 1 reaches 100% Currently, the development of cattle and poultry is stable, there is no disease outbreak. CPC has - Health: instructed veterinarians to organize vaccination for cattle and poultry periodically. Health work in the area basically meets the needs of people, vaccination is carried out Aquaculture area is 8.5 ha (of which 4.5 ha is regularly, medical examination and

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name natural farming from dams, 4 ha of artificial treatment for people in the area, good ponds). implementation of national health projects on prevention of malaria, dengue fever, tuberculosis, HIV, etc., maternal and child protection and care, prevention of malnutrition, food hygiene and safety, etc.

- Security and order:

Security, order and national defense in the area are relatively guaranteed, social evils are relatively controlled. Forest patrol, protection, management and forest fire prevention are carried out regularly. At the same time, propagate and raise people's awareness in protection of forest and community properties.

8. Bo Y * Agricultural production: * Population: commune - Ngoc Hoi Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune district 4,826.7 ha, of which: area is 1,965 households, 8,930 people.

- Annual crops area is 1,476.7 ha: Rice area is The total number of poor households in the 374.7ha, 58ha of corn, 1,005ha of cassava, 21ha commune is 144; nearly poor households is of vegetables and beans. 114, of which, 130 poor households by income, 13 poor households lacking basic - Perennial crop area is 3,350ha: Perennial crops services. area is 3,241ha, 47ha of passion fruit, 44ha of avocado, and 18ha of some other fruit crops - Education: (Thai jackfruit, durian, star apple, etc.) The quality of teaching and learning in the * Breeding area is improved. Maintenance of universal Primary education, universal Secondary The total number of cattle is 2,610. Of which: education, and universal Preschool 80 buffaloes, 370 cows, 80 goats, 2,080 pigs. education for 5-year-old children has been well implemented. The total number of poultry is 13,000. In the 2017-2018 school year, the whole The aquaculture area is 84ha. commune has 1,997 pupils, of which: 610 preschool pupils, 897 primary school pupils In the early months of the year, the drought took and 490 secondary school pupils, increasing place on a large scale, reducing the productivity by 73 pupils compared to the 2016 - 2017 of agricultural crops. Therefore, the demand for school year. irrigation water in the area is very high, the repairing and upgrading of Dak Ho Nieng - Health: reservoir will strengthen the ability to supply irrigation water for the commune's agricultural Well implement national target programs economic and husbandry development. on health and population; initial medical examination and treatment for people, * Trade - Services measures to prevent infectious diseases in humans. The pharmaceutical work always At present, the whole commune has more than ensures the number of drugs to treat the 211 individual business households, increasing people in the commune, avoid expired

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name by 09 households compared to the beginning of drugs in the unit. Ensuring 24-hour duty in 2017. order to mitigate patients’ complaints when they come to the hospital for examination. The commune's market operates stably, facilitating small traders and people to operate - Security and order: in the market, purchase and exchange goods. The security and defense situation in the In general, the trade and service activities in the area continues to be stable, social evils are locality are small and to serve local people's relatively controlled. Forest patrol, needs, there is no specific development plan. protection, management and forest fire prevention are carried out regularly. At the same time, propagate and raise people's awareness in protection of forest and community properties.

9. Dak Choong * Agricultural production: * Population: commune – Dak Glei Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune district 2,831 ha, of which: area is 887 households, 3,557 people. Natural population growth rate of the - Annual crops area is 257 ha: Rice area is commune is 1.3%. 130ha, 12ha of corn, 25ha of cassava, 10ha of vegetables. - The commune has 275 poor households with 957 people, accounting for 29.17% - Perennial crop area is 820ha: coffee area is and 176 near poor households with 762 332ha, litsea area is 444ha, and other perennial people, accounting for 20%. Poverty crop area is 40ha. reduction is still being implemented by the locality and there are many positive Coffee and litsea trees are grown in many areas changes. However, with agricultural on high hills which are suitable for industrial economy and many ethnic minority crops. The potential of the commune's land fund households, the poverty rate is still very is very high but has not yet taken full advantage high. of. Cultivation method is still relatively old- fashioned. - Education:

* Breeding The learning conditions of the children in the upland communes are still very The total number of cattle is 2,466, poultry is difficult, the traffic is not favorable, the 24,137. facilities are still inadequate, so the teaching and learning in the hamlets has not Cattle and poultry breeding has not developed been properly promoted. properly with the potential of the area. - Health: * Trade - Services Health care in the area basically meets the In general, the trade and service activities in the needs of people and vaccination is carried locality are small and to serve local people's out regularly, propaganda is carried out needs, there is no specific development plan. regularly to raise people's awareness of environmental sanitation. * Forestry - Security and order: The forest area in the commune is relatively large, mostly production forests which are Security, order and national defense in the managed by the commune and leased to people area are relatively guaranteed, social evils

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name for management and protection. are relatively controlled. Forest patrol, protection, management and forest fire Forest protection and management work in prevention are carried out regularly. At the combination with forest fire prevention and same time, propagate and raise people's fighting is highly concerned by local authorities awareness in protection of forest and and implemented thoroughly. Regularly search community properties. for illegal exploitation of forest products.

10. Sa Nghia * Agricultural production: * Population: commune - Sa Thay district Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 1,553 ha, of which: area is 518 households, 1,978 people. Of which, there are 314 ethnic minority - Annual crops: Rice area is 32.5ha, 10ha of households with 1,127 people. In the whole corn, 164ha of cassava, 5ha of vegetables. commune, there are 112 poor households, accounting for 27.9%. - Perennial crops: Rubber area is 535ha, coffee area is 349ha, litsea area is 286ha, another - Main ethnicity is the Kinh, ethnic perennial crop area is 24ha. minorities are predominantly Thai (accounting for 67% of ethnic minorities). Sa Nghia commune has a relatively large land fund and irrigation potential. Perennial crop is - Education: the main crop in the area, the demand for irrigation for coffee is also relatively high. The commune has Hoa Sen Kindergarten with 197 children attending; Tran Phu * Breeding primary school has 195 pupils attending; Sa Nghia secondary school has 150 pupils The total number of cattle is 1,020, poultry is attending. 4,000. Due to difficult travel conditions, the Breeding in the commune is mainly in small number of ethnic minority pupils and the breeding. Aquaculture has not fully utilized the rate of school attendance is low. potential of 200ha of PleiKrong hydropower plant reservoir for economic development. - Health:

* Trade - Services Health work in the area basically meets the needs of the people. Commune health In general, the trade and service activities in the stations provide basic medicines to meet locality are small and to serve local people's local needs. needs, there is no specific development plan. - Security and order: Currently there is 01 quarry in Nghia Long hamlet with an area of 6ha; there is 01 active Security, order and national defense in the brick burning cooperative. area are relatively guaranteed, social evils are relatively controlled. Although there are some cases of property theft, it is still under control. Control of household registration and temporary residence and absence in the commune is guaranteed.

11. Ho Moong * Agricultural production: * Population: commune – Sa Thay District Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 2,831 ha, of which: area is 1,324 households, 6,753 people.

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name

- Annual crops area is 740 ha: Rice area is 35ha, - The number of poor households in the 20ha of corn, 670ha of cassava, 15ha of commune is 645 households/2,905 people vegetables. (47.7% of the total households); the number of near poor households is 91 - Perennial crop area is 1,636ha: Rubber area is households/492 people. 315ha, coffee area is 1,250ha, litsea area is 48ha, another perennial crop area is 23ha. In general, people's lives are still very difficult, ethnic minority households have Agricultural economy still plays a key role in underdeveloped economies, there is no the Ho Moong commune with a large area of access to science and technology and the coffee. rate of birth of a third child or higher is the cause of poverty. * Breeding - Education: The total number of cattle is 1,520, poultry is 4,550 The current total number of pupils in the 2017-2018 school year in commune schools The total area of aquaculture is 6ha. Although is 2,262. Of which, 661 kindergarten pupils, there is the advantage of having the PleiKrong 1,030 primary pupils, hydropower plant reservoir located in the area, the utilization of aquaculture is still limited, The facilities in the hamlets are still people mainly fish by boats with small scale. inadequate, unable to meet the basic learning needs, and the schools far from the residential areas also affect pupils' attendance rates.

- Health:

Health care in the area basically meets the needs of people and vaccination is carried out regularly, propaganda is carried out regularly to raise people's awareness of environmental sanitation.

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Commune Economic situation Socio-cultural situation name

12. Mo Rai * Agricultural production: * Population: commune - Sa Thay district Up to now, the total cultivated area in the area is - Number of households in the commune 1,076 ha, of which: area is 475 households, 2,125 people. Of which, women account for 1,090 people - 426 of annual crops (51.3%). Natural population growth rate of the commune is 1.4%. - 650 ha of perennial crops. - The rate of poor households is 291 Sugarcane, rice and rubber are the key crops in households, accounting for 61.3%. Poverty the commune. reduction is still being implemented by the locality and there are many positive * Breeding changes. However, with agricultural economy and many ethnic minority The total number of cattle is 867, poultry is households, the poverty rate is still very 5,240. high.

Cattle and poultry breeding has not developed - Education: properly with the potential of the area. The learning conditions of the children in * Trade - Services the upland communes are still very difficult, the traffic is not favorable, the In general, the trade and service activities in the facilities are still inadequate, so the locality are small and to serve local people's teaching and learning in the hamlets has not needs, there is no specific development plan. been properly promoted.

* Forestry - Health:

The forest area in the commune is relatively Health care in the area basically meets the large, mostly production forests which are needs of people and vaccination is carried managed by the commune and leased to people out regularly, propaganda is carried out for management and protection. regularly to raise people's awareness of environmental sanitation. Forest protection and management work in combination with forest fire prevention and - Security and order: fighting is highly concerned by local authorities and implemented thoroughly. Regularly search Security, order and national defense in the for illegal exploitation of forest products. area are relatively guaranteed, social evils are relatively controlled. Forest patrol, protection, management and forest fire prevention are carried out regularly. At the same time, propagate and raise people's awareness in protection of forest and community properties.

Source: Socio-Economic Report 2017 of communes

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Figure 4-7: Cultivation area chart in communes under the Subproject

General assessment: Agricultural economy, especially cultivation, is the main economic mode of local people in the project area. The large area of crops is associated with the high demand for irrigation water. The repair of reservoirs to ensure irrigation will greatly contribute to improving production quality, crop productivity and local economic development.

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General assessment: In general, population density in communes under the Subproject is relatively low. The most notable ones are Dak Choong commune - Dak Glei district, Ho Moong commune and Mo Rai commune - Sa Thay district. These are remote and extremely difficult communes, with low population distribution and very high poverty rate.

Figure 4-9: Chart of the number of poor households in the communes under the Subproject

Although the implementation of the New rural program has been carried out relatively well, due to the harsh local climate and soil conditions, poverty is still a pressing issue to be addressed.

At present, every year, the Agricultural Extension Centers of districts/cities cooperates with the Branch of Plant Protection to implement agricultural extension programs and instruct people to use pesticides reasonably to improve the efficiency and sustainable environmental protection. Referring to some pest management programs in the communes, the average mixing ratio of pesticides is as follows:

- For rice: Use Tungrice 300EC at a dose of 60-80ml/20 liters of germicide; Use BiBim 750WP (7-12g) + Kata 2L (40-50ml)/20 liters of blast water; and use T- Supernew 350SC (6-12ml)/20 liters of blast water.

- For coffee (especially in Dak Ha district): Use some may-bug control drugs like Applaud 10WP at 500 g/200 liters of water; Prevent pests and diseases with Nurelle D 25/2.5 EC at 500 ml/200 liters of water; Insecticide prevention with Mospilan 3EC at 400 ml/200 liters of water.

- For other industrial crops in the communes: fungicides such as Antracol 70wp, Anvil 5SC, etc.

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The current status of infrastructure in localities with works under the Subproject is described in the following table:

Table 4-4: Current status assessment of infrastructure in localities

No. Commune/town Current status assessment of infrastructure

- Transport infrastructure: General characteristics of communes in Dak Ha district are being located near National Highway 14E passing through the district center. Inter-commune roads are basically completed with concrete road structures, meeting the travel needs of the people. Inter-village roads and production roads leading to reservoirs are mostly dirt roads, located in production areas, have been degraded after long time use and become slippery in the rainy season. Communes in Dak Ha district - Irrigation infrastructure: Currently, the district has many include: Dak 1 large and small irrigation works to meet the demand of Mar, Dak La, Ha irrigating industrial crops (mainly coffee). Most of the Mon, Dak Ngok, works have been operating for more than 10 years and Dak Hring many works show signs of degradation.

- Waste treatment: Dak Ha district has no centralized wastewater treatment facility. Waste is collected and dumped at the district's landfill.

- Other infrastructure conditions: Electricity and clean water meet the needs of the people. The facilities of schools and health facilities still have many difficulties, meeting only basic needs.

- Transport infrastructure: It is a commune located within Kon Tum city, so its transport infrastructure conditions are relatively adequate. The arterial traffic route National highway 14 goes through the commune. The access road to Hoa Binh Ia Bang Thuong reservoir is the inter-commune asphalt 2 commune - Kon concrete road with the roadbed width of over 5m, along the Tum city dirt road in the production area.

- Irrigation infrastructure: Some irrigation works in the area of Hoa Binh commune such as Dak Yen reservoir, Ia Bang Thuong reservoir etc. meet the agricultural irrigation

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- Waste treatment: The area has no centralized wastewater treatment facilities; domestic waste is concentrated in the commune's landfill.

- Electricity, health, education: Electricity and water meet the needs of people. Health and education facilities have been upgraded in recent years to ensure the demand for teaching and learning together with medical examination and treatment for the people.

- Transport infrastructure: Po Ko commune is a difficult commune located in Dak To district. In addition to the Provincial road 675 passing through the commune, Po Ko commune connecting with Ho Moong commune - Sa Thay district, 3 – Dak To district the remaining traffic routes are dirt roads, have not yet been invested for upgrading. Roads in local production areas constructed by the locality and people have deteriorated after long time use.

Bo Y commune with Bo Y international border gate is considered to be the Indochina crossroad, so the transport infrastructure is invested relatively well. National Highway 40 connecting the district center with Bo Y border gate also passes through Dak Ho Nieng reservoir. The traffic in the commune is very convenient.

- Irrigation infrastructure: Ngoc Hoi District has 02 reservoirs serving agriculture: Dak Ho Nieng and Dak Kan Bo Y commune - (Sa Loong commune). 4 Ngoc Hoi district - Waste treatment: The district has no centralized wastewater treatment area. Solid waste is dumped at the landfill of the town.

- Clean water: Ensuring the demand of people, the main water source is still drilled and dug wells.

- Facilities are relative sufficient to ensure the needs of teaching and learning together with local medical examination and treatment.

5 Dak Choong - Transport infrastructure: Dak Choong commune in

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The dam surface is also part of the provincial road 673, which is connected directly to the Commune People's Committee. It is asphalt-concrete road which is relatively completed. Inter-village roads and production roads are mostly dirt roads.

- Irrigation infrastructure: Dak Tin reservoir is the biggest irrigation work in Dak Glei district; other dams are relatively small, meeting the demand for on-site irrigation.

- Waste treatment: The district has no centralized wastewater treatment area. Solid waste is dumped at the landfill of the town.

- Clean water: Ensuring the demand of people, the main water source is still drilled and dug wells.

- Facilities are relative sufficient to ensure the needs of teaching and learning together with local medical examination and treatment.

Sa Nghia - Transport infrastructure: The commune has the 6 commune - Sa Provincial road 674 which is currently asphalt concrete

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- Irrigation infrastructure: The area of Sa Thay district has many reservoirs and dams to irrigate rice and industrial crops (mainly coffee).

- Waste treatment: The district has no centralized wastewater treatment area. Solid waste is dumped at the landfill of the town.

- Clean water: Ensuring the demand of people, the main water source is still drilled and dug wells. Currently, the domestic water supply system from Plei Krong hydroelectricity is being implemented and is the main water source for the district in the future.

- Facilities are relative sufficient to ensure the needs of teaching and learning together with local medical examination and treatment.

- Transport infrastructure: The commune has the Provincial road 675 which is currently asphalt concrete road. Inter-village roads have been invested and upgraded to cement concrete roads to serve the travel needs of the people. Road to the reservoir is a production route in the coffee growing area built by the people themselves.

Ho Moong 7 commune – Sa Thay District

Road leading to Team 5 reservoir

Mo Rai commune - Transport infrastructure: Mo Rai commune is the most 8 – Sa Thay district struggling commune of Sa Thay district both in terms of

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The inter-village road is at the reservoir downstream. 4.2.4. Specific objects and tangible cultural assets

The subproject is conducted in 12 communes, scattered in 06 districts/cities in Kon Tum province, during the implementation on a large area, it will have an impact on the environment and activities of local people. The sensitive, easily-impacted subjects are listed in the below table:

Table 4.5: Status of specific works

Location Sensitive subjects

1. A1 1. Residential area on the transportation route Reservoir of Team 4 - 2. Dak Uy special-use forest is located on the road leading to the reservoir. Dak Mar Currently surrounded by a 2m-high cement wall, transport activities do not commune affect much on the special-use forest.

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3. PleiKrong Hydropower plant reservoir. This is a relatively big hydropower plant of Kon Tum province, located on the Se San river basin. The hydropower plant reservoir is located at the downstream of A1 reservoir of Team 4.

2. C2 The reservoir is located in the middle of the industrial plantation area, mainly Reservoir - rubber and coffee. There are no sensitive subjects around the reservoir area and Dak Ngok transportation route. commune

The reservoir is surrounded by residential areas; vulnerable subjects are houses around the reservoir and transportation road.

3. C3 Reservoir (704) - Dak Mar commune

4. C3 Reservoir - Vulnerable subjects are houses around the reservoir and transportation road. Ha Mon commune

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Vulnerable subjects are houses around the reservoir and transportation road.

5. C4 Reservoir - Ha Mon commune

6. Ca Sam Reservoir - 1. Historical site called Diem Cao 601 is about 100m to the east of the road Dak La leading to the reservoir. commune

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2. People's houses are located on the left of the dam shoulder.

7. Hamlet 9 The reservoir is located in the middle of the industrial plantation area, mainly Reservoir - rubber and coffee. There are no sensitive subjects around the reservoir area and Dak Hring transportation route. commune

1. Bo Y international border gate: The project is located on National Highway 40 leading to Bo Y border gate, about 4km from the border to the North.

8. Dak Ho Nieng Reservoir - Bo Y commune

2. Residential areas: densely populated on National Highway 40 and in the reservoir area.

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Housing: There is 01 household living on the left of the dam shoulder near the spillway; the land has been issued with red book.

9. Dak Tin Reservoir - Dak Choong commune

Other reservoirs such as Kon Tu Zop, Ia Bang Thuong, Team 5 are all located The in the agricultural plantation area, there are no houses or sensitive and remaining vulnerable subjects around the reservoirs. Impact assessment during the project reservoirs implementation in these reservoirs is very insignificant. 4.3. Indigenous Peoples

As of June 30, 2014 (according to statistics and survey results of the Committee for Ethnic Minorities of Kon Tum province), the province has 59,120 households/268,548 people who are indigenous people, accounting for 55.18% of the provincial population. Currently, there are 28 ethnic groups living together in the province, including 6 native ethnic groups: Gia Rai, Ba Na, Xo Dang, Gie -Trieng, Brau, Ro Mam. In addition, there are ethnic groups migrating from the North such as Tay, Nung, Thai, Muong, Tho, San Diu, San Chay, MNong, Dao, Lao and Giay; ethnic groups from the Central such as Co Tu, Cor, Van Kieu, Hre, Ra Giai, Co Ho, E De, Ta Oi; 02 ethnic groups from the South namely Hoa and Kho Me.

* General assessment: Site clearance, construction works, interruption of irrigation water supply can affect the life, socio-economy and health of people. The risks of potential conflicts and complaints may have significant negative impacts on local security and order.

Therefore, consultations, listening to comments and statistics work, compensation must be done seriously and favorably to minimize the potential social conflicts.

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CHAPTER 5: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 5.1. Types and scale of impacts

The Subproject to be implemented may create certain potential negative impacts during the implementation; however, the impact magnitude is not high and can be minimized by application of proper management and technical mitigation measures. Upon the completion of construction, the residential areas in the 14 reservoirs will be benefited from the restoration, which promote economic growth and access to social services. Important flood control structures that are roads and dams to be repaired, solidified, rehabilitated will increase the safety for people and property in bad weather conditions.

Potential negative impacts are identified and screened at each subproject component from the preparation phase to the operational phase and classified according to the nature of the construction works. Most impacts are negative, temporary, localized and reversible due to small to medium-sized construction scale of the works. Impacts can be minimized by applying appropriate technologies and specific mitigation measures with the close monitoring of the Consultant, PPMU and local communities.

The table below defines the levels of negative impacts based on the levels of waste generation related to construction activities (Refer to Decree No. 155/2016/ND- CP).

Table 5.1: The criteria for classification of negative impacts

Impact/Level Low Average High

Wastewater Exceeding the Exceeding the Exceeding the discharge (domestic technical waste technical waste technical waste and industrial regulation from 1.1 regulation from 1.5 regulation to more wastewater) times to less than times to less than 3 than 3 times and the 1.5 times and the times and the discharge volume is discharge volume is discharge volume is more than 10 less than 5 m3/day less than 5 – 10 m3/day m3/day

Dust and Exhaust Exceeding the Exceeding the Exceeding the emissions regulation of 1.1 regulation of 1.5 regulation of 3 times to less than times to less than 3 times with the 1.5 times with the times with the emission level more emission level of emission level of than 5000 m3/hour less than 500 less than 500 – m3/hour 5000 m3/hour

Noise Exceeding the Exceeding the Exceeding the regulation of 2 to 5 regulation of 5 to regulation of more dB 10 dB than 10 dB

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Impact/Level Low Average High

Vibration Exceeding the Exceeding the Exceeding the regulation of 2 to 5 regulation of 5 to regulation of more dB 10 dB than 10 dB

Domestic solid Generating less Generating from Generating more waste than 1,000 kg/day 1,000 to 2,000 than 2,000 kg/day kg/day

Hazardous solid Generating less Generating 100 – Generating more waste than 100 kg/day 600 kg/day than 600 kg/day

Explosion-fire, oil Less than 2,000 kg 2,000 to 10,000 kg More than 10,000 spillage kg

Potential negative environmental and social impacts are also broken down by types such as direct, indirect, short-term, long-term and cumulative impacts.

Direct impacts: direct impacts occur through the direct interaction of a subproject activity with environmental and social or economic components.

Indirect impacts: indirect impacts on the environment and society that are not direct results of the Subproject, which is often created later or as a result of a real complex impact. Indirect impacts are also known as secondary induced impacts or even tertiary induced impacts.

Cumulative impacts: the impacts that occur as a result of a combination of the Subproject with other projects that cause associated impacts. These impacts occur when the incremental impact of the Subproject is combined with the cumulative effects of past, present, or future projects that have the potential for predictability.

Temporary impacts: the impacts that occur during the construction or within a short period of time after the construction.

Long-term impacts: the impacts that arise during the construction but most of the results appear in the operational phase and can last for decades. 5.2. Positive environment and social impacts

The Subproject “Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement (WB8) in Kon Tum province” after completion, it will positively impact dam safety and promote local socio-economic development. Here are some of the positive impacts of the subproject:

- Ensuring dam’s safety, the safety for people living in the downstream area.

- Ensuring water supply for agricultural production which creates an opportunity to increase crops, ensure the area of rice cultivation which raises the demand for agricultural labor in the locality that is suitable for women’s qualifications. On the

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- The repair of the subproject items contributes to better flow control during the flood seasons and provides more water during the dry seasons, increasing the humidity in the area and recharge to the groundwater tables, facilitating the agricultural ecosystem as well as the balanced development of some plant and animal species. Environmental risks or incidents caused by the breakage of dam or flood spillway will be overcome and climate change can be resisted.

- Ensuring clean water supply also helps many local people to access a more stable source of clean water, avoid diseases such as skin allergies, intestinal inflammation, diarrhea etc.

- Promoting the development of trade and service sectors and creating jobs for local workers through: trading construction materials, recruiting local workers, services such as food stalls, grocery stores near the construction area.

- Because the affected people do not have to resettlement and receive a compensation for land and property on the acquired land, this will help people with budget to expand animal husbandry, aquaculture or career changes, thereby contributing to improving living standards.

In this section, we focus on analyzing in details the negative impacts that help recognize and provide optimal solutions to minimize the environmental and social impacts in the preparation and construction of subproject items. 5.3. Negative potential environmental and social impacts 5.3.1. Pre-construction impacts

The subproject consists of 14 items scattered in 12 communes of 6 different districts/city, the scale of each work item is small and medium, and the construction time of each project is not long. The works during this period were mainly geological survey drilling for feasibility study and detailed design, demarcation of land acquisition, demining and site clearance. Therefore, during this period, we will only assess negative impacts that are mainly arisen from (1) land acquisition, (2) risks related to clearance of mines and bombs and (3) geological survey.

Table 5.2: Sources, subjects and scale of impacts during preparation phase Impact Impacted subjects Impact scale sources - Geological - Surface water, - At borehole locations along the dam Environment and groundwater, soil body. topographic Society - Survey workers, - Workers are affected by dirt during survey

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5.3.1.1. Impacts of geological and topographic survey activities

Environmental impacts during this period arise from geological survey and geological drilling. These activities only affect the environment a few meters around the borehole. However, the 50m range around the two boreholes only has grass and shrubs, no crops are in this range. Therefore, the impacts are insignificant to the surrounding natural environment.

5.3.1.2. Impacts of land acquisition, ground clearance

The construction and repair area of the project is 34.9ha, of which:

Old construction land includes earth dam, flood spillway and construction road of 30.5ha.

The subproject implementation affects a total of about 4.4 ha (44,075m 2) of land, of which: - The area occupied by people is 3.11 ha (31,101.2 m2). Of which: • Permanent acquired area: 30,371.2 m2 for construction of management house, management road and other repair items. Of which, the annual crop area is 4,026.1 m 2, the perennial industrial crop area is 25,137.2 m 2, the aquaculture area is 1,207.9 m 2; • The acquired land within the safety corridor of the project is 730 m2; - Temporary acquired land for design of landfill and material mine is: 1.29 ha (12,974 m2), currently managed by 03 Commune People's Committees. Loss of structures and crops are as follows: - Statistical loss of structures: the subproject affects 04 aquaculture ponds with a total area of 1,937.9 m2, including 02 fish ponds at the dam foot within the

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Impacts of land loss on people:

- Loss of agricultural production land affects economic activities of people in the area, especially for ethnic minorities and households who are under economic hardship and depend heavily on agricultural cultivation.

- Conflicts and shortcomings in statistics and compensation may occur if the Project Owner does not implement well; affecting social security and regional stability.

- However, the acquired area is mainly for construction of management roads leading to the construction sites. In some projects such as Hamlet 9 Reservoir Dak Tin etc., the management road is also residential road for people to travel. Through community consultation, people in all construction areas agree on the project implementation, compensation and clearance plans.

- PMU of Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement (WB8) in Kon Tum province needs to set up a compensation statistic team; coordinate well with design units and local leaders to clearly define the acquisition boundary; make compensation in accordance with State and provincial regulations; minimize potential risks and conflicts.

5.3.1.3. Impacts of demining work

14 reservoir items of the subproject are scattered in 12 communes. Demining work is carried out mainly in mines of embankment materials to ensure safety when exploiting. This is a source of impact that directly affects people, especially workers during construction. The demining plan must be carried out before handing over the construction site, ensuring that there are no incidents or risks from mines/explosive remnants of war.

Clearance of mines and explosives will be carried out by military agencies (Military Steering Committee of Kon Tum province). Therefore, the impact of mine and explosive clearance is considered insignificant.

5.3.1.4. Impacts of clearance

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Construction activities

- Site clearance and leveling

- Repair and construction of culverts

- Upgrading upstream, downstream dam slopes

- Repair and construction of spillways

- Repair and construction of management roads

- Building management houses

5.3.2.1. Sources, subjects and scale of impacts

During the construction phase, the sources of impacts are divided into two categories: (i) Source of impacts which are related to waste; and (ii) Source of impacts which are not related to waste. Specific details are presented in the following table:

Table 5.3: Sources, subjects and scale of impacts during construction phase Impact sources Impacted subjects Impact scale I. Source of impacts which are not related to waste - (i) Transportation of Society - Workers and - Within 15m compared to the construction materials; local people; waste source, the noise level is (ii) construction from 70 ÷ 96 dB activities; (iii) - When the distance is 250 m, the excavation and noise level reaches Vietnamese embankment Standard 26:2010/BTNMT. activities; (iv) - Households living near each operation of construction site (the nearest construction household is 200m away from equipment at the construction site) will be construction sites. affected by noise. - Affecting households living along transportation routes. - Gathering workers Environment - Workers and - Conflicts between workers and and society local people; local people - Potential risks of social evils and infectious diseases such as HIV. - Other social impacts may occur

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II. Source of impacts which are related to waste

- Dust and emission: Environment - Air - Residents live near the (i) Earthwork and construction areas of some works leveling activities; (ii) such as A1 Team 4, C3 reservoir, materials C4 reservoir. transportation and - The remaining reservoirs of the handling; (iii) Subproject are located far away construction from the concentrated residential equipment and areas with an average radius of > machinery on site. 1km, leading to negligible impacts of dust, site emissions and transportation routes. - Vegetation, - Dust covering the leaves of plants plants around the project area and along the transport route affects their photosynthesis process. Society - Workers and - Health of workers and people, local people causing respiratory diseases, especially in children, the elderly and women. - Waste water: (i) Environment - Surface water domestic wastewater; and groundwater - The amount of water generated at each of these works, if dumped (ii) wastewater from - Soil into the environment, will pollute construction activities; - Aquatic plants the soil, surface water and (iii) stormwater runoff and animals groundwater in the area. Society - Workers and - Affecting health, causing local people intestinal diseases in workers at each work. - Solid waste: (i) Environment - Land, air, - The amount of cleared trees, domestic waste; (ii) groundwater excavated soil and domestic construction waste; waste, if not collected and treated (iii) hazardous waste. thoroughly, will cause long-term pollution to the environment in the area. - Quality of soil and water in the area. Society - Workers and local people - The health of workers and households living about 200m from the dam due to the decomposition of waste creates

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5.3.2.2. Impacts on the natural environment

a. Dust and emissions

Dust from earthwork

The process of excavation and backfilling for construction activities of the subproject's works will generate a relatively large amount of dust.

According to Dr. Nguyen Khac Cuong's textbook in Environment in construction (2007), dust from the leveling and excavation process: On average, excavating or filling 1m3 of soil will arise about 0.75 kg/m3 of dust, in which total suspended particles (TSP) accounts for about 10% of the dust dispersion value, equivalent to 0.075 kg/m3.

Thus, based on the above dust emission coefficients and the earthwork volume reported in Chapter 1, we can calculate the dust load dispersed into the air throughout the earthwork (about 06 months, 22 working days per month, standard 8-hour working days) as follows:

Table 5.4: Dust emission load at each work

Volume of Dust emission load Average dust load No. Work earthwork (kg) (g/s) (m3)

1 C3 23,400 1,755 0.5

2 C4 19,740 1,480.5 0.4

3 Team 5 70,510 5,288.25 1.4

4 Ca Sam 9,270 695.25 0.2

5 Ia Bang Thuong 28,290 2,121.75 0.6

6 Dak Ho Nieng 44,170 3,312.75 0.9

7 Kon Tu Zop 78,120 5,859 1.5

8 Dak Tin 39,220 2,941.5 0.8

9 C2 38,680 2,901 0.8

10 A1 Team 4 32,940 2,470.5 0.6

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Volume of Dust emission load Average dust load No. Work earthwork (kg) (g/s) (m3)

11 Hamlet 9 14,900 1,117.5 0.3

12 Ya Xang 12,380 928.5 0.2

13 C3 (704) 8,910 668.25 0.2

14 Dak Ngot 28,540 2,140.5 0.6

Total 449,070 33,680.25

Using Gauss model to calculate the dispersion of dust in the air:

The formula of Gauss model is as follows:

2 22 M1 y 1 z−+ H    1  z H   C =exp − exp −  + exp  −  (,,)x y z     2y  zU  2  y 2  z    2   z       In which:

- C: Concentration of pollutants near the ground (g/m3)

- M: Pollutant load from source

  - y , z : Pollutant dispersion coefficient by y and z axes (m)

 =156x0,894 y

 =+106,6x1,149 3,3 With x 1km: z

 =+108,2x1,098 2,0 With x 1km: z

- x: distance from calculated position to emission source (m)

- H: Average height of emission source (2 m)

- U: Average wind speed (m/s) (1.4m/s)

Putting the numbers into the formula, we can calculate the concentration of dust dispersed in the air due to the earthworks as follows:

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C3 1 640.21 155.77 16.53 300 Reservoir

C4 2 512.17 124.61 13.23 300 Reservoir

Reservoir 3 1,792.12 436.15 46.30 300 Team 5

Ca Sam 4 256.08 62.31 6.61 300 Reservoir

Ia Bang 5 768.25 186.92 19.84 300 Thuong

Dak Ho 6 1,152.38 280.38 29.76 300 Nieng

Kon Tu 7 1,920.63 467.30 49.60 300 Zop

Dak Tin 8 1,024.34 249.23 26.46 300 Reservoir

C2 9 1,024.34 249.23 26.46 300 Reservoir

10 A1 Team 4 768.25 186.92 19.84 300

11 Hamlet 9 384.13 93.46 9.92 300

12 Ya Xang 256.08 62.31 6.61 300

C3 13 Reservoir 256.08 62.31 6.61 300 (704)

14 Dak Ngot 768.25 186.92 19.84 300

Note: QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT - National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality.

Comment: The result of calculating the dust concentration on the wind direction which is generated during excavation and backfilling showed that the dust

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The above calculation results are only relative, the process of dust emission at each work depends heavily on the construction intensity, wind speed and air humidity at the time.

Overall, this emission source will negatively impacts on the environment and people's health, especially in reservoirs near residential areas.

Emissions from machinery at construction sites

- Emissions generated during the project construction include such types as: CO, NO2, SO2, dust, etc. are generated from the operation of construction machinery using gasoline/Diesel.

- Pursuant to Circular No. 06/2010/TT-BXD, Basic Data Appendix to determine machine shift price and works construction equipment, we can get the fuel consumption norm of common on-site machinery and equipment as follows:

Table 5.6: Fuel consumption norms of basic machine types at the construction site Name of machinery and Consumption norm No. Capacity Quantity equipment (liters/work shift) 3 1 Excavators 1.6 m 2 113

2 Bulldozers 108 CV 2 46

3 Levelers 108 CV 1 39

4 Tire roller 16T 1 38

5 Dump truck 10T 2 57 6 Rollers 16T 2 26

(Source: Circular No. 06/2010/TT-BXD, Basic Data Appendix to determine machine shift price and works construction equipment)

- Assuming that all equipment and machinery are working on the site, the amount of Diesel used in 01 working day (02 shifts) is about 1,122 liters/day.

- Because the construction site has many different machines, to simplify the calculation process, we take general loads of vehicles from 3.5 tons to 16 tons, pollutant emission factor is referenced from the document established by the WHO, Chapter 3 - Section 1, page 53 (Air Emission Inventories and Controls 3-53) applicable to vehicles from 3.5 to 16 tons. Load of the largest air pollutants on the site are as follows:

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Emission Emission factor Load No. Pollutants volume (g/tons of (mg/m.s) (g) fuel)

1 Dust 4.3 4.82 0.16

2 CO 14 15.71 0.54

3 SO2 20S 5.61 0.19

4 NO2 70 78.54 2.72

Source: WHO, 1993, chapter 3 – section 1, page 53 (Air Emission Inventories and Controls 3-53).

Applying model of emission from roads to calculate the concentration of pollutants for traffic source. Suppose we consider the road with the elevation near the ground, the wind blows perpendicular to the road. According to Pham Ngoc Dang, Air environment, Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi - 1997, the average concentration of pollutants at any point in the air due to continuous emission of road can be determined according to the Sutton model:  2 2   − (z + h)  − (z − h)  0.8Eexp 2  + exp 2    2 Z   2 Z  C =  Z u

Where:

+ C: Concentration of pollutant in the air at altitude z above the ground, X km from the road (mg/m3);

+ E: Emission source load (mg/ms);

+ Z: Height of the calculation point (m);

+ z: Dispersion coefficient in the z direction (m) is a function of the x- distance according to the wind direction and the stability of the 0,73 atmosphere, z = 0,53 × x

+ u: Average wind speed = 1.4 m/s;

+ h: Height of the road surface compared to the surrounding ground (taken as 1m);

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Results of calculating the pollutant concentration by x-axis, the assumed emission source height of 2m around the construction area are as follows:

Table 5.8: Concentration of pollutants generated by operating vehicles and machines

Pollutant concentration (µg/m3) Distance (m) Dust CO SO2 NO2

5 80.3 270.5 95.3 1,364.9

15 44.7 150.9 53.1 760.4

30 28.1 94.8 33.3 477.9

QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT 300 30,000 350 200 (1h on average)

Note: QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT - National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality.

Comment: The results in the above table showed that the concentration of emissions generated by the combustion of engine's fuel will disperse in the air by distance, the concentration of NOx emissions in the air is quite high and exceeds the permissible standard, the farther away from the emission source, the lower the concentration. In addition, in fact, all machinery and equipment do not run simultaneously and are not gathered in one location, so the impacts from this process to human health is not too significant, the impact is mainly on workers who operate them directly on the sites.

Dust and exhaust emission from transport vehicles

The transportation will generate exhaust emissions such as NOx, CO, SO--2, etc. from vehicles causing pollution and will impact on road users. To estimate the load of this pollutant, we can use pollution coefficients established by WHO, Chapter 3 - section 1, page 53 (Air Emission Inventories and Controls 3-53) as follows:

Table 5.9: Emission factor of mobile emission sources (kg/ton of fuel)

Dust Vehicles SO NO CO VOC (TSP) 2 x

3.5 - 16-ton Diesel-powered vehicles (heavy transport vehicles)

Running in urban areas 0.9 4.29S 11.8 6.0 2.6

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Dust Vehicles SO NO CO VOC (TSP) 2 x

Running outside urban areas 0.9 4.15S 14.4 2.9 0.8

Running on highways 0.9 4.15S 14.4 2.9 0.8

(Source: Air Emission Inventories and Controls 3-53, WHO 1993)

Notes: S: Sulfur content (%) in fuel, the S content is 0.05% for diesel.

Calculation from the work of similar nature: Dak Long 1 Irrigation, Ngoc Hoi District invested by Kon Tum Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Development has the results of the pollutant emission concentration from vehicles as follows:

Table 5.10: Concentration of pollutants generated from transportation of construction materials

Pollution Concentr QCVN 05:2013/ Pollutan Load No. factor ation BTNMT ts 3 (kg/day) 3 (kg/10 km) (mg/m ) (mg/m3)

1 Dust 0.9 1.35 0.08 0.3

2 SO2 4.15S 1.56 0.09 0.35

3 NOx 14.4 21.6 1.35 0.2

4 CO 2.9 4.35 0.27 30

5 VOC 0.8 1.2 0.08 -

Comment: The material transportation will generate the dust and pollutants as forecasted above. Compared to QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT, most pollutants are within permissible standard threshold, except for NOx. The level of pollutant emission depends on many factors such as distance, time and space between emission sources. The impact level of each work is based on the number of households living near the transportation routes.

Summary: Dust and exhaust emissions generated during the construction phase are mainly from earthworks, vehicles transporting soil and materials, operation of construction machinery and equipment on the sites. When the concentration of dust and exhaust emissions exceeds the permissible level, it will directly affect the health of workers, neighboring communities and degrade the ambient air quality.

Table 5.11: Impacts of air pollutants Pollutants Impacts Dust - Stimulate respiration, pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer

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- SO2 can poison through the skin, reducing alkaline reserve of blood

SOx, NOx - Create acid rain adversely affecting vegetation growth - Enhance metal corrosion, destroy concrete and buildings - Negatively impact the climate, ecosystem and ozone layer - Reduce blood's ability to deliver oxygen to parts, cells as CO binds with hemoglobin and produces carboxyhemoglobin - CO poisoning will affect many systems, organs such as nerves, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, especially the high oxygen CO consumed organs such as brain, heart and affect the development of the fetus etc. - Cause headaches, asthenia, dizziness, loss of appetite, difficulty breathing, sensory disorders. - Cause pulmonary respiratory disorder

CO2 - Cause greenhouse effect - Harmful to the ecosystem

However, the concentration of dust and exhaust emissions arises depends on construction method, the quality of equipment and machinery, climatic conditions at the time of construction, the impacts are local, temporary during the construction period and it is possible to minimize them.

Table 5.12: Screening of the impact level of dust and exhaust emissions caused by earthworks

Name of Impact level No. Population density within 500m work assessment

About 50 households, living 10 to 20m Since many households away from the roadside; there are about live near the work, the 22 households living within the radius impact level of dust and of 500m from the dam foot who are exhaust emissions is C3 likely to be affected by dust and exhaust high. 1 Reservoir emissions. There is no impact on Plants around the area are mainly natural plants. agricultural plants.

About 30 households, living 10 to 20m The impact level dust C4 away from the roadside, so they are and exhaust emissions is 2 Reservoir only affected by the transportation. moderate, the number of Earthworks can impact on 02 affected residents is low.

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Name of Impact level No. Population density within 500m work assessment households living near the dam route.

The surrounding is agricultural land.

There is only 1 household living within The impact level dust the radius of 1km from the site, who and exhaust emissions Reservoir 3 grows coffee. on the residents is low. Team 5 Plants around the area are all agricultural plants: rubber, coffee.

Residents are allocated only on The impact level of dust Highway 14 so are likely to be affected and exhaust emissions by the earthworks of management road. on the residents is quite Ca Sam 4 There are about 06 households living high, especially 02 Reservoir near the dam foot and around the households living near reservoir area, who cultivates coffee, the dam. rubber.

There are about 12 households, who The impact level of dust Ia Bang live on the road which is expected to be and exhaust emissions 5 Thuong management road, to be affected. There on the residents is is no resident living near the dam foot. relatively high.

The impact level of dust and exhaust emissions The dam foot is close to National on the residents is Highway 40 leading to Bo Y relatively high. This area Dak Ho international border gate. This area is 6 is also a relatively Nieng quite crowded with people living along sensitive location; hence the road. The nearest household is it is necessary to pay 100m away from the dam foot. attention to mitigation measures.

There is no impact of There are no residents living near dust and exhaust 7 Kon Tu Zop management and operation roads and emissions on the the site. residents due to the construction.

The dam route is also the inter-village Because the work has Dak Tin route for people to travel. There are many people moving so 8 Reservoir residents scattered with relatively low the impact level is quite density near the site. high.

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Name of Impact level No. Population density within 500m work assessment

There is no resident living within the There is no impact of radius of 500m from the dam foot and dust and exhaust C2 9 management road. The whole area of emissions on the Reservoir land surrounding the site is for coffee residents due to the and rubber plantation. construction.

There is no impact of The work is located in the middle of dust and exhaust Dak Uy 3 coffee plantation, with no 10 A1 Team 4 emissions on the resident. The surrounding plants are all residents due to the coffee. construction.

The construction area is very small (02 The possibility of households), but the dam body is also affecting the residents is an inter-village road to hamlet 9 in Dak relatively high. 11 Hamlet 9 Hring commune with many residents travelling (About 25 households, living 15 to 25m away from the roadside).

There are some households in the The possibility of 12 Ya Xang downstream of the project but quite far affecting the residents is from the dam foot (400m). relatively high.

C3 The construction area is near National The possibility of 13 Reservoir Road 14 (800m), there are many affecting the residents is (704) households living around it. relatively high.

The downstream of the dam foot is The possibility of quite populated. The residential area is affecting the residents is concentrated with about 150 households relatively high. 14 Dak Ngot living about 1.2 km from the dam to the Northeast, located in the irrigation area of the reservoir.

b. Wastewater

Wastewater during the subproject construction includes: (i) Domestic wastewater; (ii) Construction wastewater; (iii) Rainwater flows over the site plan.

Domestic wastewater

Domestic wastewater of construction workers on the construction site is also a significant pollution sources affecting the quality of surface water and groundwater in the project area during construction. The composition of domestic wastewater mainly contains organic substances, suspended solids and microorganisms.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 121 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE The subproject works are far apart, they are not constructed at the same time but allocated within 4 years, so the determination of the total amount of wastewater generated for all 14 reservoirs will not be specific and does not accurately represent the actual emissions at each reservoir. It is proposed to calculate and forecast the average emission flow and concentration at 01 reservoir with about 40 workers participating in the construction per lake.

Based on the Ministry of Construction's Standard QCXDVN 01:2008 - Construction planning, the amount of water supplied to each worker is 80 liters/ person/day. The total volume of water supplied for each work is 2.4m3/day.

According to Decree No. 80/2014/ND-CP dated August 6, 2014 regulating the drainage and treatment of wastewater, the amount of waste water is calculated by 100% of water consumption. Thus, the average amount of wastewater in each work is 2.4m3/day.

Based on WHO's document - Chapter 4, section 1, page 39 (Liquid Waste Inventories and Controls, 4-39), the coefficient of daily pollutant discharge load per person is shown in the following table:

Table 5.13: Coefficient of pollutant load in domestic wastewater

No. Pollutants Unit Value

1 BOD5 g/person/day 45 ÷ 54

2 COD g/person/day 72 ÷ 102

3 TSS g/person/day 70 ÷ 145

4 Total N g/person/day 6 ÷ 12

5 Total P g/person/day 0,6 ÷ 4,5

6 Ammonia g/person/day 3,6 ÷ 7,2

7 Total Coliform* MPN/100ml 106 ÷ 109 Source: World Health Organization (WHO), 1993

Table 5.14: Load of pollutants in domestic wastewater of 40 workers No. Pollutants Unit Value

1 BOD5 kg/day 1,80 – 2,16

2 COD kg/day 2,88 – 4,08

3 TSS kg/day 2,8 – 5,8 4 Total N kg/day 0,24 – 0,48

5 Total P kg/day 0,024 – 0,180

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 122 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE No. Pollutants Unit Value

6 Ammonia kg/day 0,144 – 0,288

7 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 4x106-4x109

Comment:

The characteristics of domestic wastewater are large amounts of suspended solids (SS), organic substances (BOD5) and Coli bacteria. If this amount of wastewater is not collected and treated but discharged directly into the environment, it will cause environmental pollution and affect the ecosystem of receiving water bodies as well as people's health when using polluted water. Receiving sources are confluents and small streams in the area of the work areas, there are no major affected dams or reservoirs.

High concentration of suspended solids in wastewater increases turbidity in receiving water bodies, affecting the movement and feeding of aquatic organisms living in such water bodies. At the same time, high turbidity also blocks sunlight to absorb sunlight penetrating into deeper layers of water levels, thereby reducing the photosynthetic capacity of plants and algae living in deeper water levels.

High concentrations of organic substances (BOD5) in wastewater will reduce the free oxygen in the water (DO) due to the decomposition of these organic substances. At the same time, it also promotes the development of algae on the surface of water bodies and may cause the phenomenon of "algae bloom", also known as eutrophication phenomenon.

In addition, the presence of a large number of coli bacteria and some other pathogenic intestinal bacteria in the water can enter food sources such as vegetables and fruits when watered or washed by water contaminated by these bacteria, subsequently they enter the human body and cause relatively dangerous diseases such as acute diarrhea, cholera etc.

During the subproject's construction process, the construction contractor will prioritize the recruitment of local workers who are able to ensure their living and accommodation; only 3 ÷ 5 employees will be kept on the site to ensure the construction site security, so the actual amount of wastewater generated on the construction site will be much lower than the above theoretical calculations. Construction wastewater

Construction wastewater is mainly generated from the following activities: vehicle washing, oil changing, maintenance of equipment, machinery and transport vehicles, cleaning of materials etc. The main pollutant in wastewater is suspended solids, inorganic substances, construction sand and soil are of low toxicity. This type of waste water is easy to deposit and accumulate on temporary water drainage routes. Therefore, the possibility of infiltration and causing pollution to the surface water of the area is low. The types of construction wastewater at each construction site are as follows:

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 123 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Wastewater from concrete mixing: Construction process uses water for concrete mixing to reinforce the dam surface and management and operation roads. The volume of water used for 1m3 of concrete ranges from 175 to 220 liters, averaging 0,2m3 of water/m3 of concrete. Wastewater from concrete mixing has high turbidity and concentration of suspended solids, which can contaminate surface water and soil without mitigation measures.

Table 5.15: Amount of wastewater from concrete mixing at each work:

Amount of Concrete Volume of water wastewater (5% volume used No. Reservoirs of water used) (m3) (m3) (m3)

1 C3 1,641.8 328.36 16.4

2 C4 981.8 196.36 9.8

3 Team 5 2,269.6 453.92 22.7

4 Ca Sam 1,681.4 336.28 16.8

5 Ia Bang Thuong 2,900.9 580.18 29.0

6 Dak Ho Nieng 5,757.2 1151.44 57.6

7 Kon Tu Zop 9,125.0 1825 91.3

8 Dak Tin 2,429.7 485.94 24.3

9 C2 1,563.4 312.68 15.6

10 A1 Team 4 1,309.1 261.82 13.1

11 Hamlet 9 2,114.1 422.82 21.1

12 Ya Xang 1,024.1 204.82 10.2

13 C3 (704) 1,644.4 328.88 16.4

14 Dak Ngot 1,329.3 265.86 13.3

Total 35,771.8 7,154.3 357.7

Note: The amount of wastewater referenced from some similar construction works in Kon Tum province is estimated at 5% of the water used.

- Watering to control dust: Throughout the construction, water will be sprayed on the surface to control dust and exhaust emissions, the amount of water used can be estimated as follows:

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 124 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE + Watering the transportation route: The dust generating area is mainly the route to transport excavated, filled and discharged soil from the project. The watering frequency is twice/day on dry days, estimated volume of water used is 20 m3/day.

+ Watering the construction area: Only watering in the construction areas daily with dust generated by soil excavation, filling, and compaction. The estimated water volume is about 30 m3/day.

This emission source is not hazardous to the environment but carries a large amount of sandy soil to the drainage systems of the roads, causing stagnation and reducing the capacity of the drainage ditches. The construction unit should take measures to collect and clean up periodically to handle the above emission source.

- Wastewater from cleaning machinery and equipment: Wastewater from cleaning of concrete mixers, excavators, rollers, compactors, etc. has similar components and properties as construction wastewater. The estimated flow is about 3.5 m3/day. The characteristic of equipment sanitary wastewater is high pH, high turbidity, containing many organic substances: grease, cement, sand and suspended substances. According to a survey of the Center for Environmental Engineering of Towns and Industrial Areas, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, the concentration of pollutants in construction wastewater is presented in the following table:

Table 5.16: Concentration of pollutants in construction wastewater QCVN No. Pollutants Unit Pollutant concentration 40:2011/BTNMT (B) 1 pH - 6.99 5.5 – 9 2 TSS mg/l 663.0 100 3 COD mg/l 225.5 105

4 BOD5 mg/l 129.1 50 + 5 NH4 mg/l 9.6 10 6 Total N mg/l 49.27 40 7 Total P mg/l 4.25 6 8 Fe mg/l 0.72 5 9 Zn mg/l 0.004 3 10 Pb mg/l 0.055 0.5 11 As µg/l 0.305 0.1 12 Grease mg/l 0.02 10

(Source: Extracted from CEETIA - Center for Environmental Engineering of Towns and Industrial Areas, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering).

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 125 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Areas directly affected by construction wastewater sources at each work are summarized in the following table:

Table 5.17: Areas directly affected by construction wastewater No. Reservoirs Areas affected by construction wastewater The downstream area of the reservoir behind 1 C3 the dam shoulder now is a coffee cultivation area. The downstream area of the reservoir behind the dam foot now is an industrial plant 2 C4 cultivation area, there are no affected rivers and streams. If not collected, construction wastewater will 3 Team 5 directly affect the reservoir area. The downstream area of the reservoir now is 4 Ca Sam wet rice cultivation area. The downstream area of the reservoir now is 5 Ia Bang Thuong wet rice cultivation area. The downstream area of the reservoir now is 6 Dak Ho Nieng wet rice cultivation area. Small streams located at the downstream of the 7 Kon Tu Zop work may be affected by wastewater and storm water runoff. Wet rice cultivation area is at the reservoir 8 Dak Tin downstream. Coffee cultivation area is at the reservoir 9 C2 downstream. 10 A1 Team 4 Small stream is at the reservoir downstream. Wet rice and coffee cultivation area is at the 11 Hamlet 9 reservoir downstream. Wet rice cultivation area and small stream are 12 Ya Xang at the reservoir downstream. Wet rice and coffee cultivation area is at the 13 C3 (704) reservoir downstream. Coffee cultivation area and some local people's 14 Dak Ngot fish ponds are at the downstream. Storm water runoff

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 126 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Rainwater is less likely to contain pollutants, but this amount of water when flowing through construction areas will entail pollutants such as sandy soil, garbage, solid on the soil surface. If not properly drained, it can cause stagnation, obstruct the construction process and increase turbidity in surface water sources, which adversely affect water resources.

Referring to the calculation results of the Kon Tum Hydro-meteorological Station for the Project on exploitation and use of surface water for a number of irrigation works in Kon Tum province, the amount of rainwater flowing through the project area (mainly in the rainy season) is calculated using the formula:

Q = 0,278.K.I.F Where:

+ K- Flow coefficient (K = 0.6).

+ I (mm/day): Rainfall intensity is calculated according to the water layer for the biggest rainfall of the day, then according to the local hydrological data (Kon Tum), I = 252 mm/day.

+ F- Area (m2).

Each work under the subproject has a different construction area, so the calculation results of the amount of rainfall flowing through the surface of each work are also different. Specifically:

Table 5.18: The amount of storm water runoff generated at each work:

Rainwater amount Site plan area flowing through the site No. Reservoirs plan. (ha) (m3/day)

1 C3 1.5 630.5

2 C4 1 420.0

3 Team 5 2.75 1155.3

4 Ca Sam 4.3 1806.1

5 Ia Bang Thuong 4.16 1747.2

6 Dak Ho Nieng 3.1 1302.5

7 Kon Tu Zop 4.95 2079.3

8 Dak Tin 2.64 1108.8

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 127 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Rainwater amount Site plan area flowing through the site No. Reservoirs plan. (ha) (m3/day)

9 C2 1.77 743.4

10 A1 Team 4 1.4 588.5

11 Hamlet 9 2.6 1092.2

12 Ya Xang 1.03 432.6

13 C3 (704) 1.05 441.0

14 Dak Ngot 1.69 709.8

With the above rainwater runoff, when passing through each work, it will entangle with contaminants such as grease, dirt, sand, etc., contributing to increasing the water pollution level in the Project area. The drainage direction of the works is residential areas, cultivated land and receiving sources of the downstream.

According to WHO studies, 1993 (Liquid Waste Inventories and Controls 4-41, Table 4.2.2.3), concentration of pollutants in normal storm water runoff is about 0.5 ÷ 1.5 mg N/l; 0.004 ÷ 0.03 mg P/l; 10 ÷ 20 mg COD/l and 10 ÷ 20 mg TSS/l. Estimated pollution load in storm water runoff in the subproject area is as follows:

Table 5.19: Estimated pollution load in stormwater runoff No. Parameters Pollutant concentration (mg/l) Pollution load (kg/year) 1 TSS 10 ÷ 20 130,840.9 ÷ 261,681.2 2 COD 10 ÷ 20 130,840.9 ÷ 261,681.2 3 Total N 0,5 ÷ 1.5 65,420.4 ÷ 196,261.3 4 Total P 0.004 ÷ 0.03 523.3 ÷ 3,925.2

Comment: In fact, the amount of storm water runoff may be lower than the calculated storm water runoff as the subproject area has a system of canals and reservoirs to ensure good drainage. However, the entrapment of waste on the site plan along with excess sandy soil will contaminate the surface water source, adversely affecting aquatic life in rivers and lakes, causing flooding and stagnation which prevent the construction.

c. Solid waste Solid waste generated during construction

Solid waste including excess construction materials, scrap iron and steel, cement bags, excess steel, scrap wood, broken bricks, etc. is generated during the

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 128 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE construction If this amount of waste is not collected and treated, rainwater will flow down the drainage ditches, polluting surface water sources (mainly increasing the turbidity of water). However, the amount of sand, soil, stone, and broken bricks is not much and will be collected and transported in accordance with regulations, and the cement bags, scrap iron and steel will be sold to the units in need.

In addition, throughout the excavation process, a large amount of waste soil will be generated. If it is not timely collected and transported, waste soil will impact on the construction site surface, causing the risk of leaching, erosion and accretion to low-lying areas, affecting the environment. Soil deposition hinders the flow, increases water turbidity and affects the quality of the aquatic life in the downstream of the works.

Table 5.20: Estimated volume of waste soil/rock during subproject construction

Location of waste soil Transportation Waste soil No. Reservoirs dumping site compared to distance volume dam surface (km) (m3)

Landfill behind the dam 1 C3 0.15 4,680 foot

Landfill behind the dam 2 C4 0.25 3,948 foot

Low land 500m from the 3 Team 5 0.5 14,102 dam foot

The dumping site in the low-lying land, 400-500m 4 Ca Sam 0.5 1,854 from the headwork (along the management road)

Landfill at the downstream 5 Ia Bang Thuong 0.3 5,658 of the dam foot

Landfill 2.5 km from the 6 Dak Ho Nieng headwork (land managed by 2.5 8,834 the Commune)

Landfill behind the dam 7 Kon Tu Zop 1.00 15,624 foot

The landfill is the low land 8 Dak Tin 2 km away from the dam 2.00 7,844 foot (local people's land)

Landfill behind the dam 9 C2 0.2 7,736 foot

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 129 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

Location of waste soil Transportation Waste soil No. Reservoirs dumping site compared to distance volume dam surface (km) (m3)

Households' pond landfill 10 A1 Team 4 4.50 6,588 behind the dam

Landfill behind the dam 11 Hamlet 9 0.30 2,980 foot

Low land owned by local 12 Ya Xang 0.50 2,476 people behind the dam

Pond embankment landfill 13 C3 (704) 0.20 1,782 behind the dam foot

Pond embankment landfill 14 Dak Ngot 0.50 5,708 behind the dam foot

Source: Feasibility study report of the Subproject: "Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement (WB8) in Kon Tum province"

It is not possible to accurately estimate the generated volume of solid waste spilled due to the transport of raw materials during the construction such as soil, sand and gravel, but it is forecasted to be insignificant, since these are construction materials required to purchase, the Construction contractor consciously save and avoid spillage.

Therefore, the impact of waste generated during construction is assessed at a small level and has a high possibility of mitigation.

Solid waste such as rubble, scrap steel, cement bags is reusable, so it can be recovered for re-use or sold to units in need so this type of solid waste is not discharged to the environment. Solid domestic waste of workers

Solid domestic waste is mainly packaging, plastic bags, bottles, cans, vegetables, fruits, leftovers etc. This is the main source of pollution due to the decomposition of organic matter creates odors, leachate and pathogenic microorganisms. If not collected properly, it will cause environmental pollution.

- Referring to the data sources of the "National Environmental Report on Solid Waste" (according to the data, per capita solid waste generation index in 2009 at Kon Tum is 0.35 kg/person/day). The volume of domestic solid waste generated in construction sites with about 40 employees is estimated as follows:

M = 0.35 x 40 = 14 (kg/day).

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 130 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Percentage of components in domestic waste is as in the following table:

Table 5.21: Percentage of components in domestic solid waste No. Waste components Weight (%) 1 Organic substances 50.35 2 Papers, cardboards 2.74 3 Wood, plastics, rubbers, leathers 7.10 4 Sea shells, snail shells, etc. 1.00 5 Glasses 7.73 6 Gravels, bricks 7.46 7 Metals 1.00 8 Mixed solids <10mm 22.62

Source: Environmental management in developing countries, volume 1

Comments:

Although the volume of solid domestic waste is not much, if there is no appropriate collection and treatment methods, the accumulated volume in the construction period will increase and affect the air quality due to the decomposition of organic waste as well as impact on surface water due to increasing turbidity of water, obstructing flow and causing sedimentation. In addition, it also creates conditions for pathogenic microorganisms to grow, creating the risk of emerging and spreading pathogens affecting the health of construction workers and residential areas in further locations.

However, because the works prioritize in using local labor who are able to meet the needs of living, accommodation themselves, the construction site only retains about 3-5 people to ensure the security and order situation, construction materials on the site, so the amount of solid waste generated on the site is very small compared to the calculated data based on the theory above.

Hazardous solid waste

During construction of works, the maintenance and repair of construction equipment and machinery often generate wastes such as waste grease, oily rag, oil boxes, etc. These wastes are listed as hazardous wastes according to the Circular No. 36/2015/TT-BTNMT dated June 30, 2015 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment regulating hazardous wastes.

Main materials at construction sites are cement, sand, stone and soil. The structure is mainly cement concrete both at the dam surface and transport route, other chemicals such as paint or asphalt are not used.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 131 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Oil-contaminated wastewater includes sanitary water from oil storage areas, leaked water at oil-fueled coolers, fuel oils, lubricating oil and grease leaked during construction and loading processes. These oils, when spilled out, partly create oil film, partly dissolve in water and partly exist as emulsion. Oil deposits when deposited will accumulate in the soil, causing degradation of land resources.

Common characteristics of oil and grease are large surface tension, the ability to spread and remain in environment for a long time. When discharged into the environment, they often prevent the exchange of air between the air environment (the exchange of oxygen ensures the life of the species in the environment) with the environment in which they exist. Subsequently, it directly affects species that exist in the soil and water environment in the area. In addition, the oil in the water will be transformed into other toxic compounds for humans and aquatic life such as phenol, chlorine derivatives of phenol.

Rag and grease-containing machinery (Code A3020 or Y8); engine oil, gearbox and waste lubricant (Code A4060 or Y9).

According to the document "Environmental impact assessment methods" by Tran Dong Phong, Nguyen Thi Quynh Huong - the Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering - Hanoi University of Civil Engineering (2009), the volume of waste oil and grease is about 1.16 liters/vehicle/month. The average time of oil change and maintenance of construction machinery/ equipment is from 3 - 6 months, depending on the operating intensity of these machines/equipment.

In fact, repairs and maintenance of construction vehicles are usually done in garages. Only minor repairs are made on the sites, so the volume of grease and oil generated is very little or may be negligible.

For rags and sludge, it is difficult to estimate the volume of use, but it is estimated of about 3-5 kg of greasy rags/month.

Although the volume of waste oil and grease generated on the construction site is relatively small, the Contractor still needs to take appropriate measures to minimize the negative impacts of this type of waste on the surrounding environment quality.

d. Noise impact

Many construction machinery and equipment must be used during construction, repair and upgrade of work items. Noise from the operation of equipment and machinery will affect workers and people living near the construction area and along the Provincial and local roads. For each work item, the noise level is calculated from the specific noise level of the machinery and equipment. The distance to assess the impact of noise on the surrounding residential area is selected from 20m-50m.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 132 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE To assess the noise level of construction equipment in the construction site, refer to the following table (not including resonance noise due to many machines operating simultaneously):

Table 5.22: Noises generated from construction machinery Noise level at a distance QCVN No. Machinery/equipment of 15 m from equipment 26:2010/BTNMT (dB) 1 Trucks 70 ÷ 96 2 Rollers 72 ÷ 88 From 6am-9pm: 3 Bulldozers 77 ÷ 95 70dB 4 Concrete mixers 71 ÷ 90 From 21h÷6h: 55 dB 5 Plate compactors 70 ÷ 80

Source: United States Environmental Protection Agency - Noises from NJID construction equipment and construction machinery, 300.1, December 31, 1971.

However, the noise level will decrease with the distance affected. Referring to the textbook on Noise pollution control - Information Technology Institute, Hanoi

National University, noise level can be estimated by the formula: Lp=Lp(X0) +

20log10(X0/X)

Where: - Lp(X0): noise level is 15m from source (dBA)

- X0= 15m

- Lp(X): Noise level at the location to be calculated (dBA)

- X: Location to be calculated

Thus, the maximum noise level by the distance from the operation of construction equipment is shown in Table 5-24 below.

Table 5.23: Results of noise calculation of machinery and equipment by distance No Machinery/equ Distance (m) QCVN 26:2010/ . ipment 15 50 100 200 BTNMT 1 Trucks 70 ÷ 96 59,5 ÷ 85,5 53,5 ÷ 79,5 47,5 ÷ 73,5 2 Rollers 72 ÷ 88 61,5 ÷ 77,5 55,5 ÷ 71,5 49,5 ÷ 65,5 From 6am-9pm: 3 Bulldozers 77 ÷ 95 66,5 ÷ 84,5 60,5 ÷ 78,5 54,5 ÷ 72,5 70dB 4 Concrete mixers 71 ÷ 90 60,5 ÷ 79,5 54,5 ÷ 73,5 48,5 ÷ 67,5 From 9pm-6am: 55dB Plate 5 70 ÷ 80 59,5 ÷ 69,5 53,5 ÷ 63,5 47,5 ÷ 57,5 compactors

Results of calculation of noise level by distance show that:

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 133 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Noise level within about 200m of noise of some equipment and machinery still exceeds the permissible limits of QCVN 26: 2010/BTNMT such as trucks, bulldozers. Noises of other equipment are within the Vietnam standard's permitted limits.

- When the distance increases twice, the noise will decrease by about 6dB.

- Noise caused by material transportation vehicles will affect households living along transportation routes. However, this impact is considered insignificant because: most of the earthwork materials transported are in the subproject area (material yards near the main dam site of the reservoir).

On the other hand, there are many sources and activities generating noise in the construction area, so the actual noise will be bigger due to the resonance between them.

e. Impact due to vibration

The construction process can cause ground vibration due to construction vehicles and equipment, the vibration propagates through soil, but will be greatly reduced by distance. The level of vibration of some construction equipment is as follows:

Table 5.24: Level of vibration of some construction equipment QCVN 27/2010/ Vibration Vibration BTNMT acceleration velocity (PPV) No. Machinery/equipment (Lv) Common area at 7.62 m corresponds to from 6h-21h (mm/s) 7.62 m (dB) (dB)

1 Compactors 0,064 94 75

2 Drilling machines 0,027 87 75

3 Heavy trucks 0,023 86 75

4 Concrete mixers 0,023 88 75

(Source: D.J. Martin. 1980, J.F. Wiss.1974, J.F. Wiss. 1967, David A. Towers. 1995)

The construction equipment of the subproject includes basic types such as compactors, heavy trucks, concrete mixers. Based on the results presented in the above table, the impact due to vibration on the current status of the subproject is negligible; the impacted subjects are mainly neighboring construction works and workers. f. Impacts on soil resource and environment

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 134 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Construction material exploitation activities such as: exploitation of embankment soil, construction activities, transporting and gathering materials etc. will affect the soil environment, break surface structures, and change the fertility of the topsoil.

If not collected and treated, construction wastes such as cardboards, scrap iron, plastic containers, waste soil, rock etc. will be mixed into the soil. Non-biodegradable wastes such as nylon, steel etc. will affect the soil environment.

Domestic waste of officials and workers on the construction site is easy to decompose, creates a bad odor. If hygienic WCs are not equipped, this waste will be affect the soil environment if being discharged directly into the soil. However, this type of waste is mostly concentrated in worker dormitory, so it is easy to collect and treat, so the impact is not significant. Solid waste containing grease is a hazardous waste with low volume, however it is not degradable in the soil environment so if there is no measures to collect and treat, and it will affect the soil environment.

Wastewater from the construction process contains cement; wastewater from repair and washing locations of equipment and motorbikes contains toxic elements such as oil and grease. When absorbed into the soil, these types of wastewater will make the soil hard. But the volume and scope are small.

Through research and field surveys, the area of temporary occupied land for construction of auxiliary items is not large, wastewater and waste generated during construction at the construction site are collected and thoroughly handled, and they do not affect the soil environment. The impact is not too significant.

g. Impacts on ecosystems

Aquatic ecosystem

Construction activities on the construction site such as soil excavation, water drainage for construction etc. cause turbidity to the reservoir's water source, the water can be polluted by grease and oil discharged from machinery and chemicals used in the subproject. Land encroachment causes loss of habitat, loss of spawning habitats, death of juvenile fishes, reduction of algae's photosynthesis ability etc. This will disrupt and adversely alter the habitat of fish and other aquatic species, affecting aquatic ecosystem life. However, due to poor biodiversity, together with applying mitigation measures and fast ecosystem recovery, the impact level is low.

Currently, the reservoir of some works is for people to rent for aquaculture, namely reservoirs: Kon Tu Zop, A1 of Team 4, C2, C3 (704), C4, Team 5. Shutting water off also reduces the income of some households. However, the above process only takes place in a short time; the impact is not too significant.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 135 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE Terrestrial ecosystem

The process of leveling the ground will cause loss of habitat, reproduction and death of some land animals such as insects, animals living in caves such as snakes and frogs etc. Dust, emissions from construction activities all affect living and development activities of the flora and fauna in the area and surrounding areas such as: Dust on the leaves reduces the photosynthesis of green plants, makes the leaves hot; SO 2, CO, H 2S all cause diseases of leaves and affect the development of green plants. However, this impact does not affect much the development of surrounding vegetation. The removal of trees, vegetation and surface soil tillage often cause soil erosion.

The impacts are short-term and limited to the construction area, plus the native ecosystem has the ability to quickly regenerate after construction so the level of impact is insignificant.

Impacts on flow regime

Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement subproject in Kon Tum province will not change the ecosystem as well as the reservoir flow regime. Because the subproject only performs rehabilitation, reinforcement and upgrading of the main dam, flood spillways and treatment of waterproofing on foundation of the old work. The construction process does not affect the reservoir water level, not increase the dam height, not increase the reservoir water level, so there is no impact on the flow regime.

In addition, the construction process is carried out in the dry season and measures are taken to guide specific construction flow for each reservoir to minimize the possible impacts on local people's production process. Therefore, the level of impacts that may affect the water supply process for local people's agricultural production is considered negligible. 5.3.2.2. Impacts on social life

a. Traffic safety and infrastructure

Operation of vehicles serving the project will increase traffic density, affect local traffic, cause road damage and traffic congestion and potential traffic accidents if not complying with traffic laws and using appropriate vehicles.

The rapid increase in the number of vehicles in a small area will put pressure on regional traffic conditions, especially the route of construction and management. Vehicles with load of 5-7 tons will travel on the roads of 14 construction sites to transport materials, sand, gravel, cement, steel etc. During peak construction time, the number of vehicles can be up to 30 - 40 vehicles/day/site. The increase in transportation vehicles will increase traffic safety risks for people. In particular, this route passes through residential areas of 12 communes, where there are schools, markets and intra-

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 136 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE field routes. However, construction is not carried out continuously for 12 months and this impact is manageable so it is considered at moderate level.

Local roads and rural infrastructures may be damaged by large vehicles. Roads passing through residential areas and intra-field roads are concrete roads with small load capacity, which can be broken, crushed or collapsed, subsided when large trucks pass by or high density of vehicles. Specifically:

- There are 10 out of 14 reservoirs with the current construction and management roads which are soil roads, have not been solidified, and easily damaged when there are large means of transport.

- Reservoirs with large volume of earthworks and transportation include Team 5 reservoir - Ho Moong commune, Dak Ho Nieng reservoir - Bo Y commune and Kon Tu Zop reservoir - Po Ko commune. The construction process needs to improve transportation routes, especially embankment transport routes.

For construction purposes, road damage is unavoidable. The scope of the subproject also has the construction method for management roads which is upgrading to cement concrete roads leading to the construction site. In addition, repair and maintenance methods for damaged roads will also be set and bound to the responsibility of the relevant units.

b. Impacts on public health

In addition to environmental issues, construction activities may lead to a significant increase in the operation of construction material and waste soil transportation vehicles; potential risks of traffic accidents and injuries to the local community. Because there are households living along the roads near the construction site, traffic accidents and spillage of materials may occur.

During the construction, there are potential risks of infectious diseases and increased vectors at the construction sites that can pose a health threat to workers and the local community. Infectious diseases pose a public health threat which is often related to activities such as sanitation and poor living conditions, sexually transmitted diseases and vectors. The most worrisome infectious diseases in the construction phase due to labor migration are sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, etc.

In fact, the construction during subproject implementation of 12 months is not continuous, the reservoir items are allocated over a period of 4 years, the sites are scattered in 14 locations and the number of officials and workers from other localities is about 10 workers/project (mainly engineers and skilled workers because of local workers are hired for simple jobs, about 30 workers/project), there are many scattered items, the situation of security and order and disease control in the area is good; plus, workers' accommodation is rented local people's houses with good hygiene, all toilets are required to meet QCVN 01:2011/BYT on hygienic conditions for latrines;

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 137 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE restricting conditions for spreading infectious diseases caused by flies, mosquitoes and insects so the impact is considered moderate.

c. Impacts of worker concentration

The concentration of a large number of workers (40 workers/reservoir) in the construction phase will directly and indirectly affect the socio-economic and environment in the subproject area such as:

- Positive impacts:

+ Promoting commercial activities, increasing the demand for food to serve workers participating in the subproject construction. However, the demand for food of workers is not high, so it does not affect the supply-demand balance of the area. Local capabilities can fully meet the needs of the project in all aspects.

+ The subproject prioritizes recruiting local people as construction workers; this does not only reduce environmental, socio-economic pressures but also create job opportunities for local people, contributing to increasing the income of the local households.

- Negative impacts:

+ Impacts on security and order in the area: due to cultural and lifestyle differences, conflicts between workers and local people can occur. Then it can affect security and order in the area and cause social evils such as robbery, gambling, prostitution etc.

+ Increasing environmental pollution: Workers living at the site will generate a large amount of waste which cause environmental pollution or increase the spread of diseases.

+ Pressure on local health facilities for medical equipment, medicine, health staff and doctors, medical examination and treatment due to increasing demand for medical examination and treatment of workers.

During the construction phase, the impacts of worker concentration are local and only take place during the construction period, so these impacts are considered negligible.

d. Safety of reservoir

During the construction of activities such as: stripping weathered layers, downstream slopes, dismantling tiles in upstream slopes, digging foundation for intake culverts, pouring materials and machines for spillway construction. These activities will directly affect the safety of the reservoir if there is no appropriate construction

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Removing weathered layers, dismantling tiles on upstream slope: will cause loss of 30-40 cm of top surface soil. When constructing this item, if it rains, the soil and rock will be eroded, causing landslides in the upstream slope, affecting the water quality in the reservoir as well as sedimentation of the reservoir. However, all activities of stripping off weathering and are carried out in the dry season in a rolling basis, so the impact from this activity is considered local, negligible and short-lived.

Leveling downstream slopes: Main and auxiliary dam routes are reinforced by leveling downstream slopes. When construction, this item requires a large amount of soil to surcharge the downstream slope. During this time, heavy construction machinery is needed to transport embankment soil, if there is flood, construction cannot be done and flood will cause landslides of downstream slopes, affecting the construction quality, causing unsafe dam, especially in the rainy season. This impact is considered significant and appropriate construction method is required.

Unloading materials: Materials gathered at construction sites such as cement, sand and gravel etc. are covered to avoid rain and causing material damage and environmental pollution. In general, the material is gathered in rolling basis, making the impact very small.

Flood spillway: the flood spillway is constructed in the dry season when the water level in the reservoir is below the normal level so the construction of this item will not affect the safety of the reservoir.

e. Impacts of sedimentation and landslides

Only the downstream slope of the main dam is reinforced during the construction of 14 work items of the subproject; dam surface is reinforced. Activities of stripping weathered layers are carried out at the downstream slope of the dam, in which the soil is surcharged toward the downstream slope, so it does not cause reservoir landslide and sedimentation. Therefore, the construction process does not cause landslides and sedimentation. This impact is considered negligible.

f. Risk of fire and explosion incidents

Fire and explosion incidents can occur in the case of transporting, storing fuel for construction activities of reservoir dam works or due to lack of safety in power supply system. A high air temperature combined with a high concentration of hydrocarbons in the air is a potential cause of an explosion in the fuel storage area, which seriously affects workers directly involved in labor and the environment of subproject construction area.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 139 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE When a fire is related to gasoline problems, it poses a high risk of loss of human beings or property - economic, danger to human life, generates toxic gases such as CO, CO2 etc., affecting the air quality. 5.3.2.3. Site-Specific impacts

a. Grouting: Due to the subproject's specific characteristic of grouting application for handling seepage dam bodies, cement will be mixed with water and other additives into liquid solution for grouting. If this solution is not well controlled during grouting, it can penetrate into and pollute the surface water and groundwater.

b. Other specific impacts

Work Location/Description Potential impacts

Located adjacent to Dust generated from material National Road 14, transportation can spread to the 1, Diem Cao (High Point) near Ca Sam reservoir historical sight, the level is not 601 historical site project, Dak La significant. commune, Dak Ha district.

Dak Uy special-use Dust from material forest is 25 km from transportation can affect the Kon Tum city to the forest. However, the level of north, along the impact is very insignificant. National highway 14 in Dak Mar commune, The entire protection forest area Ha Mon district - Dak has been protected with walls Ha district. The area is and cannot be invaded from 690 ha. outside, there is no impact of 2, Dak Uy special-use workers. forest The special-use forest is located near the A1 reservoir of Team 4 and C3 reservoir (704) under the Subproject.

Currently the forest has been closed with solidly built walls, isolated from the production area outside.

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Work Location/Description Potential impacts

The PleiKrong During excavation and backfill, hydropower plant stormwater runoff can wash 3, PleiKrong reservoir is the waste into the downstream, Hydropower plant downstream of C3 and affecting the water quality of the reservoir C4 reservoirs - Ha hydropower plant reservoir. Mon commune and A1 reservoir of Team 4 - Dak Mar commune under the Subproject.

- C3 Reservoir (704): Impacts of dust, emissions and There are many noise during construction. houses around the reservoir, and there is Risks of house and architectural a house near the dam damage. surface, which has a red book issued long Risk of dam safety during time ago. operation phase.

- At the Hamlet 9 reservoir: There is a 4, Houses near reservoirs household living right next to the flood a. C3 Reservoir (704) discharge canal for a long time, which has b. Hamlet 9 Reservoir - been granted a red Dak Hring commune book by the Commune People's Committee. c. Dak Tin Reservoir - Dak Choong commune - At Dak Tin reservoir: There are 02 houses living near the dam surface, at the flood discharge route. They have been living there for long time and granted red books by the Commune People's Committee.

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During the operation phase of the reservoirs, some of the main negative impacts below are identified and evaluated.

5.3.3.1 Risk of drowning

Some reservoirs are densely populated around them such as C3 (704) and C4 reservoirs - Dak Ha district, Dak Ho Nieng reservoir - Ngoc Hoi district. People's awareness of safety is not high; they are prone to drowning due to swimming in the lake. This impact is very serious because it easily affects people's lives. The reservoir safety measures should be taken seriously.

5.3.3.2 Activities of operators of reservoirs and tourists

The daily activities of reservoir operators can generate a large amount of domestic waste including solid waste and wastewater. The number of operators at each reservoir is only 1 to 2 people, so the amount of waste generated is not big, about 0.5 kg/day and wastewater is about 20 liters/day. In addition, there will also be waste generated from sightseeing activities of tourists in the locality and neighboring provinces. If not well managed, this amount of waste will also have a direct impact on the reservoir environment, such as reservoir water pollution which indirectly affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water and therefore affecting aquatic life in the reservoir. However, this impact is considered small because of the small amount of waste.

5.3.3.3 Repair and maintenance

These activities may lead to water shutoff for a short time. This will have a direct impact on the agricultural production and living activities of the downstream people. And it will indirectly cause impacts such as reduced income due to time of no cultivation, environmental pollution and diseases due to lack of water. However, this impact is considered small because the repair and maintenance does not take long time (about a few weeks).

5.3.3.4 Some other social impacts

Infrastructure

During operation, if there is no gradual flood discharge method in a long time, concentrated discharge in a short time will cause flooding, damage of the road system and weaken the infrastructure of the area.

Landslide and sedimentation of the reservoir

The water level of the reservoir is stable and increased, leading to an increase in the groundwater level and moisture in the soil around the reservoir. This can cause landslides to form new shorelines. Especially for shorelines that are composed of loose materials, weak structure and level of bonding, with a steep slope, landslide and shoreline regeneration may occur more strongly. Landslide and shoreline regeneration take place regularly, due to the impact of waves, wind and currents etc. This process

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 142 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE creates a number of sediments involved in sediment formation at the reservoir bottom.

Landslide has caused loss of arable land, causing economic damages. However, the area around the reservoirs has been cultivated and planted with timber trees by people to increase their income. Therefore, the reservoir shore is relatively stable. Moreover, the determination of dead storage of reservoirs has taken into account the possibility of landslide so this impact does not affect the life of the project, the impact is considered negligible.

Impacts on flow regime and possibility of landslide at the downstream of flood spillway after the upgrade

The subproject will into operation when the construction items of the reservoir are reinforced and solidified in accordance with construction technical standards. The water supply from 14 reservoirs under the subproject when going into operation will have stable water flow along with reinforced system of water canals, thus the impacts on the flow regime of the project downstream are positive and stable.

The rehabilitation and upgrading of flood spillway for reservoirs will help to ensure the storage capacity of the reservoir, improve the shortage of water in the dry season, and ensure the water supply for local people's production. In addition, ensuring safety of the project in the rainy season, due to the subsidence and degradation of the repaired and upgraded flood spillway in accordance with current standards for each level of irrigation reservoir.

Change of reservoir's aquatic ecosystem

14 reservoirs under the subproject do not change in terms of free surface area and do not affect plant and animal species. The work is reinforced to ensure stability, increase water storage capacity, so the aquatic ecosystem in the reservoir is stable and positive.

The reservoirs operate more stably during operation, therefore the groundwater level in the subproject area is increased, thereby enriching the water supply for local people's dug and drilled wells. Thus, when the project operates, rising groundwater level plays a significant role in supplementing water supply, avoiding scarcity of drinking water during the dry months. Increased groundwater level and soil moisture around the reservoir are the favorable conditions for plant development, positive improvement of ecological landscapes of the reservoir and regulation of the microclimate in the area.

Socio-economic, soil environment changes in irrigated areas

The repair and reinforcement of 14 reservoirs under the subproject helps reservoirs to maximize their efficiency (supplying adequate water for agricultural production), thereby contributing to fostering the agriculture of 12 communes become more stable, improving the economic life of local people.

The repair and reinforcement of water reservoirs contributes to creating a stable water surface area to develop the fisheries sector for local people.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 143 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE When going in operation, the reservoirs will regulate and ensure water supply for agricultural production. Irrigation is more proactive, increasing irrigated land area, increasing land use coefficient, contributing to increase crop productivity and output. 5.4 Analysis of impact types 5.4.1 Cumulative impacts

The subproject includes many dams, but they are scattered and independent on the province. Furthermore, the scale and nature of subproject activities is small and simple, so the implementation of subproject activities is not likely to cause cumulative impacts. According to the survey and exchange with relevant agencies, currently in the area of construction and installation items of WB8 subproject in Kon Tum, there are no other major projects implementing on the same space and time, so it's considered there are no cumulative impacts created along with other projects. 5.4.2 Direct impacts

The subproject implementation will cause direct impacts on the environmental and social conditions of the subproject area. Its activities will cause temporary or permanent loss of productive land. Construction activities will have a direct impact on the quality of the surrounding environment such as air, soil and water due to waste generation such as exhaust emissions and wastewater and the removal of vegetation. 5.4.3 Indirect impacts

The temporary or permanent loss of land leads to impacts on the livelihoods of the affected people, reducing or losing income, leading to job changes and possible social conflicts. Indirect impacts are also identified through the risk of water quality degradation because of landslide due to vegetation clearing from construction. Water pollution due to waste generated from construction process can lead to the decline in composition and the number of individuals of aquatic species. Or compaction of soil by using heavy equipment on agricultural land can lead to a decline in the number of useful microorganisms in the soil due to soil texture changes. The loss of vegetation will also lead to loss of habitat for many animals in the subproject area and increase the risk of landslides, erosion and flooding. 5.4.4 Temporary impacts

In general, most of the impacts related to construction activities of the subproject are short-term such as noise, vibration, dust and exhaust emissions, and solid waste and wastewater generation. These impacts will no longer exist when construction activities end. 5.4.5 Long-term impacts

Permanent loss of productive land will have a long-term impact on the affected people, when some households are perceived to no longer have means of production, leading to the change of their job. Environmental incidents such as oil spills or hazardous chemicals will also leave long-term effects on the environment and human health as these chemicals have a very long half-life; they are able to penetrate into the

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CHAPTER 6: ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS

Alternative analysis is an important part of impact assessment. The basic objective of analyzing alternatives is to determine the location/ design/ technology for a particular subproject that will generate the minimum adverse impacts and maximum positive impacts. The objective of implementing the subproject is to improve safety and ability to manage and operate the reservoir through repairing and upgrading headwork, without changing the height of the dam and reservoir capacity. Therefore, for the rehabilitation of the dam, the subproject will compare the environmental and social benefits for the following options: (i) without the subproject; (ii) with the subproject - repairing and upgrading dam safety but without any changes in the height and size of the reservoir or dam from the dam safety aspect. 6.1. No Subproject scenario

The subproject implementation includes 14 reservoirs, scattered in 12 communes of 06 districts/cities in Kon Tum province, some works have been put into operation and used over 20 years, bringing many significant benefits and socio- economic benefits to localities.

- The works have been built for a long time and have been seriously degraded after many years being used: The dam elevation does not guarantee flood control, the quality of dam body is not guaranteed, the coefficient of permeability is high.

- The downstream slope is partially uneven, eroded; too many plants grown create conditions for growth and development of termite, which greatly affects the quality of the earth dam body.

- Flood spillway is degraded; stone layers are rotted and peeled. The spillway width does not meet the drainage requirements, leading to water level increase.

- Intake culverts at some works are degraded and leaked.

- There is no monitoring system, so warning of natural disasters is not efficient, the management and operation roads for rescue are rural roads, difficult to travel, only meet non-motorized vehicles.

- Management and operation roads are also residential roads which have not been fully reinforced. Causing difficulties in traveling to operate, manage, respond to natural disasters in reservoirs and residential areas.

The current status of the reservoirs limits the plan for developing and improving productivity and economic efficiency in agricultural cultivation; fails to ensure proactive irrigation water amount which affects the selection of plants and animals, alternating crops; does not exploit all economic values from land resources.

When not implementing the subproject, the ecosystem around the reservoirs is always stable, but due the degradation of reservoirs, the potential risk of dam breakage will cause disaster, human and facility damage and breaking native ecosystems in areas, especially reservoir downstream.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 146 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE In recent years, due to unusual changes of weather, heavy rain have occurred more often, the intensity is prolonged, small reservoir bed makes the risk of insecurity very high. A synchronous work solution such as investment to repair and upgrade reservoirs is imperative, ensuring the safety of lives and assets of households in the downstream area and serving local economic development requirements.

❖ Reservoir dredging

Since the reservoirs have been built and exploited for a long time (over 20 years), the soil and mud layers are deposited significantly over time, limiting the ability to retain water and reducing reservoir capacity. Through consultations, most of the CPCs and households have requested dredging of the reservoir. But due to the policy, the subproject only stops at repairing and improving dam safety so the dredging method will be reviewed at the later stage by the authorities.

❖ Using other water sources

One of the measures mentioned is the use of other water sources, however through specific calculations of costs and feasibility, due to the subproject area does not have many water sources leading to irrigation areas and the distance is too far if any, so the flow diversion cost is very high. Therefore, it is less feasible to use other water sources in lieu of the current one in each reservoir item.

❖ Maintain the status quo and apply the plan of relocation and rescue when incidents occur

Dam breakage incidents can be prevented if management levels understand the process of detrimental factors for dams and reservoirs. By observing, monitoring and checking regularly, potential risks can be detected early to prevent incidents for the works. In addition, when there is an incident with the dam and other related items of the reservoir, it is necessary to have suitable rescue measures for the work for certain level and stage. The timely rescue not only limits the development but also prevents dam breakage incidents, ensures safety for the work and the work downstream.

In case of force majeure when there is no subproject, the dam breakage process will create a concentrated flood, quickly overflowing the low-lying areas of the work downstream. The impacts on people and facilities depend on the spread and level of flooding; this process evolves with time and space, depending on the development of dam breaches and topographical characteristics of the downstream. Therefore, timely and accurate planning of people and property relocation will minimize material and human losses

Therefore, this is the last option if there is no subproject. And this is a passive and least feasible plan.

Thus, the investment in repairing and upgrading headwork of 14 reservoirs under the subproject is urgent and should be implemented to overcome the state of deterioration of works; upgrading priority dams, strengthening management capacity; operating the dam safely to protect the safety of the people and socio-economic

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On the basis of survey, analysis of the current state of the work and design calculations, on the basis of the policy of the owner and local opinions, the consultant has researched and proposed construction solution which is a combination of repair, rehabilitation and new construction.

a. Design solutions

❖ Dam

Through the assessment of current state, the construction measure for the main dam is to reinforce the dam surface and the dam roof to ensure the design section and travel to manage the work, and to treat the waterproofing and supplement monitoring equipment for safe operation of the work. Reinforce downstream slope which is eroded over long periods of use. This is a plan which generates less environmental pollution during construction due to low waste materials, weathered soil and rock are removed and encouraged to be used for leveling to make the most of them if there is a compatible soil structure.

❖ Flood discharge work

Existing flood spillways have deteriorated, especially the energy dissipator of the downstream, concrete and masonry structures and even spillways on natural ground. The discharge form is free discharge, there are bridges over the spillways, but only for motorcycles, bicycles and pedestrians, the operation and transportation are relatively convenient.

Therefore, to ensure the safety of earth dam and the actual needs of the people, it is necessary to invest in hardening spillways with concrete, reinforcing the downstream slope for deteriorated, damaged flood spillways, and for those which are currently earth spillways, dissipating energy on the natural ground.

❖ Intake culverts

Intake culverts in some works with seepage, leakage. The construction method is to treat waterproofing of the intake culverts, only consider installing door-lifting machines and upstream valve gates for some good intake culverts.

❖ Other works

Some reservoirs do not have management house, reservoirs with management house (Ca Sam reservoir) are degraded, not conducive to operate. Management road is made of soil, muddy in the rainy season.

Therefore, the construction method is to build new management house in combination with upgrading the management road surface to facilitate the operation and management of reservoirs.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 148 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE In summary, the design and construction options selected by the Owner and the consultant are the optimal options to meet the necessary and sufficient conditions, as well as the initial objectives and tasks set for the subproject, while minimizing potential negative impacts that may occur to the natural and social environment during the subproject implementation.

b. Construction methods

In addition to the socio-economic and environmental benefits offered in comparison of no project scenario and project scenario, select construction solutions for the items required in the bidding documents to minimize impacts on the natural environment and society during the implementation process. Specifically the option:

* Solution of water stopping, flow diversion for construction:

Phase 1 (from November to March): at this time, the water level of the reservoirs from normal water level rise gradually decreases to the dead water level; at this time, complete construction of flood spillway; At the same time, construct the downstream slope of the dam; At the same time, it is also necessary to discharge water for irrigation combined with draining the reservoir (or to pump if the culvert cannot discharge water) until mid-April (when there is no need for irrigation) the water level falls down to the elevation of the old culvert bottom;

Phase 2 (from April to June): at this time, the water level of the reservoir fell to the culvert bottom, embanking the dike to encroach upon the upstream slope, repairing the culvert, and at the same time completing the construction of upstream slope, dam surface and seawall; Accumulating water from the reservoir normally from July onwards;

Other items such as monitoring equipment installation, management house etc. are construction during dry season, from December to April.

* Excavation, soil transportation: Use excavators, 5-7 ton vehicles to transport to landfill at the specified location will minimize noise and dust generation and limit traffic accidents and damage to local roads.

The dam construction work complies with the provisions of TCVN8297:2009 "Hydraulics structures – Earth dam - Technical requirements for construction by compaction method". The main construction method is to use excavators and cars to buy and transport from the mines to the works, use bulldozers to level the soil into layers, use compactors to compact the soil, narrow places where compactors cannot work will be filled by vibrating compactor. Within 1 meter around embankment structures, soil or clay should not be mixed with gravel or other impurities, compacting with vibrating compactor or manually will minimize noise and dust generation.

* Concrete work: Concrete and mortar are mixed with 250-500l mixer on the site; mortar is transported and poured manually. Concrete is compacted with needle vibrator, plate compactor in combination with small equipment.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 149 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Pouring and compaction must ensure the rules and requirements of the design scheme, with the following key points to be noted:

+ When erecting a formwork, it is necessary to design measures to prevent concrete mortar from falling freely by more than 1.5 m.

+ Before pouring new concrete, clean the old concrete layer (previously poured) to avoid cold joints.

+ For embedded concrete construction of old structures, it is necessary to clean and well-handle abuts.

+ The process of constructing concrete mortar must be tested and sampled according to current regulations.

This method is suitable for construction conditions in rural areas, limiting the heavy vehicles transporting concrete into works.

* Glass planting on downstream slope: Slope protection grass is exploited in the vicinity of the work. When growing grass to reinforce the roof, grass with strong root system, growth and long life, good drought tolerance and low body should be chosen. The grass is made into turf by turf that is shipped to the planting site and firmly stuck to the roof. The location and size of grass plots complying with the regulations in the design document will help the native ecosystem recover quickly, protect the dam surface against erosion when it is raining in the newly construction phase.

* Paving work: Mainly using manual method to limit the impact of machinery on the surrounding environment and suitable with local construction conditions.

* Formwork work: Install formwork at manual sections, most steel formwork can be used to facilitate installation and dismantling to ensure labor safety and cost-saving during construction.

* Reinforcement work: Steel bar is gathered and machined mainly in the workshop in the construction site and transported into the site for installation. At the site, only small parts, mainly construction steel and auxiliary works, are processed to save time, cost and minimize the impact on the surrounding environment due to there is no large area around the dam for working.

* Worker camp arrangement: The camp is arranged in a place with stable terrain, no stagnant, avoiding transport routes. Camp structure ensures the living and working of workers and is easy to dismantle later. Sanitation area must be located away from water sources, have rainwater drainage ditches, bathing and washing wastewater collection, etc.

* Labor recruitment: Each construction contractor has its own workforce; in addition, the owner will encourage contractors to use local labor for simple construction activities. Contractors are required to strictly manage workers, register temporary residence, issue codes of conduct and requirements on ensuring community security.

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CHAPTER 7: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PLAN (ESMoP)

7.1. Environmental and social management plan (ESMP) 7.1.1. Objectives of Environmental and social management plan (ESMP)

- Comply with World Bank’s policies; System of laws, standards and guidelines for application at provincial and national levels.

- Ensure that sufficient resources are allocated based on the subproject budget to implement ESMP-related activities.

- Ensure that the subproject's environmental and social risks are properly forecasted and managed.

- A concrete and feasible response plan for unforeseen environmental issues in the project's environmental impact assessment.

- Create an effective feedback mechanism for the process of continuing to improve the results of environmental protection activities.

- The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) outlines the impact’s mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures that will be implemented throughout the construction and operation of the subproject to avoid or control adverse environmental and social impacts and actions necessary to implement mitigation measures. ESMP creates a useful link between adverse impact mitigation measures and ensures the implementation of those measures.

- ESMP provides responsibility for the implementation, its monitoring, budget and time with proposed mitigation measures. The summary of the subproject’s environmental and social management plan is presented in the following sections.

7.1.2. Mitigation measures

7.1.2.1. Mitigation measures in the preparation phase

a. Compensation and clearance solutions

Mitigation measures for land acquisition and resettlement impacts are applied to meet the objectives of the World Bank's involuntary resettlement policy, including:

(i) Involuntary resettlement needs to be avoided or minimized after proposing various options that can be selected during the design;

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(iii) Affected people should be assisted in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and living standards or at least restore to the same level of living standards before moving or before starting the project.

The survey results on damage estimate show that, among 14 dams to be constructed and repaired, 4 reservoirs (Ca Sam, Dak Ho Nieng, Ya Xang and Ia Bang Thuong) will not cause land acquisition impact, the remaining 10 reservoirs will cause by land acquisition impact (temporarily or permanently) to a total of 68 households and 03 CPCs affected by the land acquisition of the subproject. None of affected households loses 20% or more of their total productive land area, or no ethnic minority household loses 10% or more of their total productive land area. Details are as follows:

Households affected by land acquisition:

- 66 households are permanently acquired productive land (perennial crop, annual crop and aquaculture land);

- 02 households are restricted to the ability to use productive land as it is within the dam safety corridor;

About affected architectural objects:

- 04 affected households in terms of structures are fishponds (at the same time, there are 02 affected households with limited ability to use land as it is within the dam safety corridor); the ponds have manual embankment structures. At the same time, these households are also on the list of affected households in terms of land appropriation.

Affected ethnic minorities:

- There are 14 AHs who are ethnic minorities (all affected EM households are Xo Dang people under the scope of influence of Kon Tu Zop reservoir).

Organizations:

- 03 CPCs were temporarily acquired 12,974 m2 of unused land to serve the layout of material yards.

Implementation: Compensation committee, compensation or land survey team in each locality will coordinate with the Owner to measure land; accurately determine

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On the basis of measurement, determine the boundary of land acquisition and clearance to submit to the provincial People's Committee for approval as a basis for implementation.

Compensation, support and resettlement costs

The funding source for compensation, support and resettlement of the subproject is the counterpart fund of GOV. Total estimated fund is VND 1,450,286,563, including:

- Compensation fund: VND 674,123,800, of which, compensation fund for land: VND 266,141,300; Compensation fund for land assets: VND 407,982,500, including compensation for trees, crops, architectural compensation;

- Support fund: VND 612,161,400, including support for the acquisition of public land, support for the acquisition of agricultural land, support of assets within the scope of work safety corridors, support for vulnerable households.

Activities to disseminate information to localities include:

- Extensive propaganda on compensation, support and resettlement policies of the subproject.

- Propaganda on strict compliance with obligations, rights and the law of the state.

- Publicity of detailed compensation rates for each type of damage to affected households.

- Publicity of detailed compensation rates for each type of damage to affected households.

- Payment of compensation for the right subjects and on schedule.

Legal basis in the process of statistics, compensation and clearance:

- Decree No. 47/2014/ND-CP dated May 15, 2014 of the Government on regulations on compensation, support and resettlement upon land expropriation by the State;

- Circular No. 37/2014/TT-BTNMT dated June 30, 2014 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment detailing regulations on compensation, support and resettlement upon land expropriation by the State;

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- Applied in accordance with Decision No. 72/2014/QD-UBND dated December 22, 2014 of the People's Committee of Kon Tum Province promulgating the 5-year periodical land price list (2015-2019) in Kon Tum province;

- Applied in accordance with Decision No. 53/2014/QD-UBND dated September 19, 2014 of the People's Committee of Kon Tum province promulgating specific regulations on some contents of compensation, support and resettlement upon land expropriation by the State in Kon Tum province.

b. Mitigation measures due to geological and unexploded material exploration

The subproject will hire units with sufficient functions and qualifications such as conducting clearance of bombs, mines and explosive objects before the entire construction on the component project sites. Ensuring safe distance and warnings for people during the implementation in accordance with QCVN 01: 2012/BQP-National technical regulation on mine action and QCVN 02: 2008/BCT-National technical regulation on safety in the storage, transportation, use and disposal of industrial explosive materials.

After drilling for geological exploration, the design surveyors will fill drilled holes and repair the ground in the areas to minimize washing dirt via drilled holes which may affect the underground water quality.

c. Clearing measures

The clearing process for site preparation includes the following tasks: Clearing of wild grasses on the dam surface, upstream and downstream of the dam face; clearing trees and plants on operation and management roads which have been marked and cleared.

- Clearance is done in dry months, implemented in each area, avoid widespread deployment.

- Clearing should be avoided during sensitive hours such as early morning, noon or evening and must be stopped for a short time to reduce noise impacts.

- The process of dismantling trees should be paid special attention to ensure labor safety and safety for people near the construction area. Use safe modern facilities and equipment.

- Have a plan to clean the site, limit the remaining objects preventing the drainage in the area.

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- For perennial industrial crops (coffee, rubber): Inform people to collect before clearing, breaking down. Clearing leaves and roots into piles for people to make use of them as firewood, drying and burying the surplus leaves in a hygienic manner.

7.1.2.2. Mitigation measures during construction phase a. Measures to minimize construction-related impacts

Mitigation measures are developed based on the World Bank Group's environmental, health and safety guidelines and national regulations and standards to minimize general construction impacts, and presented in the form of Environmental codes of practice Environmental codes of practice describe specific requirements implemented by the contractor and monitored by construction supervision consultant throughout the construction process. Environmental codes of practice address the following issues:

- Dust and exhaust emissions;

- Vibration and noise;

- Waste management;

- Management of hazardous materials and chemicals;

- Worker’s Camp management;

- Biological impact;

- Soil erosion;

- Sedimentation and drainage management;

- Management of stockpile and borrow pits;

- Traffic safety management;

- Interruption of infrastructure services;

- Chance finds;

- Labor influx management;

- Occupational health and safety;

- Community health and safety;

- Communication with the local community.

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Table 7.1: Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP) to minimize construction impacts

Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision

1) Dust and - The contractor is responsible for ensuring - TCVN 6438-2005: Contractors PMU, exhaust emissions compliance with the requirements corresponding to Road vehicles. Construction Vietnam's regulations on ambient air quality. Maximum allowable Supervision limit for exhaust Consultant - The contractor must ensure that dust emissions will emissions. (CSC), be minimized and will not disturb local people. The Community contractor will implement dust control measures to - No. 35/2005/QDB monitoring maintain a clean working environment and minimize GTVT on inspection committee; disturbance to the surrounding residential areas. of quality, technical safety and Commune - The contractor is responsible for implementing dust environmental Fatherland mitigation measures (e.g. use a water truck to spray protection; Front roads, cover material trucks etc.). Committee; - QCVN 05:2013/BT Commune - Construction materials such as cement, sand and NMT: National Women's gravel must be properly covered and secured during technical regulation Union. transport to prevent spillage of soil, sand, other on ambient air materials or dust. quality

- Excess excavated soil and material storage must be - WBG's protected against the effects of wind and the location environmental, health of material storage must be checked for prevailing and safety guidelines wind directions and locations of sensitive sources.

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision

- Dust masks should be worn when dust content is too high.

- All means of transportation and construction must comply with Vietnamese regulations on emission limit control.

- All vehicles must undergo a regular emission check and be granted: "certificate of quality, technical safety and environmental protection inspection" according to Decision No. 35/2005/QD-BGTVT;

- Be sure not to burn solid waste or construction materials (e.g. wood, rubber, oil impregnated cloth, cement packaging, paper, plastic, bitumen, etc.).

2) Impacts of noise - The contractor shall be responsible for complying - QCVN Contractors Community and vibration with the laws of Vietnam regarding noise and 26:2010/BTNMT: monitoring vibration issues. National technical committee; regulations on noise PMU, - All vehicles must be granted a "Certificate of Construction quality, technical safety and environmental - QCVN Supervision protection inspection" according to Decision No. 27:2010/BTNMT: Consultant 35/2005/QD-BGTVT; preventing excessive noise National technical (CSC) from machines that are less frequently maintained. regulations on vibration Commune

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision Fatherland - Noise reduction measures to be implemented: - WBG's Front environmental, health Committee; + Select low-noise equipment and safety guidelines Commune Women's + Install silencer for exhaust and compression engine Union. parts

+ Install anti-vibration part for mechanical machines

+ Limit operating time for certain equipment or activities, especially mobile sources in residential areas.

+ Move noise sources to other areas to take advantage of distances and barriers

+ Install fixed equipment as far away from residential areas as possible

+ Take advantage of natural terrain in the design process to prevent noise

+ Limit the use of means of transport for the project through residential areas.

+ Develop a mechanism for receiving and responding

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision to comments

3) Waste I. General waste - QCVN Contractors Community management 14:2008/BTNMT: monitoring (a) Wastewater National technical committee; regulation on PMU, - The contractor is responsible for compliance with domestic wastewater Construction Vietnamese regulations regarding discharge of Supervision wastewater into the surrounding environment. - QCVN 40: 2011/ Consultant BTNMT: National (CSC) - Recruiting local workers to reduce on-site technical regulation wastewater should be considered. on industrial Commune - Waste water treatment systems must be provided to wastewater Fatherland treat sanitary wastewater in areas without wastewater Front - Decision No. Committee; collection networks. Wastewater treatment systems 59/2007/ND-CP on should only be used for sanitary wastewater Commune Solid waste Women's treatment. When the wastewater treatment system is management; selected, it is necessary to: Union. - Decree No. - Design and install in accordance with local 38/2015/ND-CP on regulations and guidelines to prevent any risk to waste management public health or pollution of soil, water or and wasted materials groundwater. - Circular No. - Maintain well to operate effectively. 36/2015/TT-BTNMT on Hazardous waste

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision management - Installed in areas with sufficient soil permeability for designed wastewater rate. - WBG's environmental, health - Installed in stable, same-grade and well-drained and safety guidelines areas, with separation between sewer and groundwater or other receiving waters.

- Wastewater from washing vehicles and construction equipment must be collected into settling ponds before being discharged into the local drainage system.

- Upon completion of construction works, wastewater tanks and septic tanks must be treated safely or sealed.

(b) Rain water

- Rainwater must be separated from the treatment of sanitary wastewater to reduce the amount of wastewater to be treated before discharge.

- Prevent surface flow from process areas or potential pollution sources.

- Where this approach is not practical, the amount of

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision wastewater from the treatment and storage area must be separated from the polluted water which is less polluted.

- Minimize flow from areas without potential sources of pollution (e.g. by minimizing impermeable surface area) and reduce maximum discharge rate (e.g. by using aquaculture ponds)

- In case of need to treat rainwater to protect the quality of receiving water, it is necessary to prioritize the management and treatment of the first discharge of rainwater flow, where most potential contaminants tend to occur.

- When water quality criteria are allowed, rainwater must be managed as a resource, or to recharge groundwater or to meet water demand at the facility.

- It is necessary to install and maintain oil separators and oil traps at refueling facilities, workshops, parking areas, fuel storage areas and storage areas.

- Sludge from rainwater tanks or collection and treatment systems may contain high levels of pollutants and must be treated in accordance with local regulatory requirements, if there is no

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision treatment, it must be appropriate to protect community health and safety and preserve and sustain the sustainability of water and soil resources.

(c) Solid waste

- Before construction, the Contractor must prepare solid waste control procedures (storage, bin supply, cleanup schedule, etc.) and it must be carefully paid attention to during construction.

- Prior to construction, there must be a license or a permit to remove waste.

- Measures must be taken to minimize the likelihood of causing waste and negligent behavior against the disposal of all waste. At all workplaces, the Contractor must provide garbage bins, containers and waste collection facilities.

- Solid waste is temporarily stored on the site in the designated area which has been approved by the Construction supervision consultant and local authorities prior to collection and disposal through a licensed waste collector.

- Waste packaging must be protected and

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision corrosion resistant.

- No fire occurred at the place of burial or disposal of solid waste.

- Reusable materials such as wooden boards for grooves, steel, scaffolding materials, packaging materials, etc. will be collected and separated from other waste sources for reuse as fillers or for sale.

- If not removed from the site, solid waste or construction debris will only be treated in areas designated and approved by the Construction supervision consultant and included in the waste plan. In any case, the contractor will not treat any material in environmentally sensitive areas, such as areas in natural habitats or in water sources.

II. Hazardous wastes

(a) Storage of hazardous waste

Hazardous waste must be stored to prevent or control accidental release into air, soil, and water in the area where:

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision

- Waste is stored in a way that prevents disturbance or contact between incompatible wastes and allows checking between containers to monitor leaks or spills. Examples include gaps between compatible spaces or physical isolation such as walls or containment barriers.

- Store in sealed containers to avoid direct sunlight, wind and rain.

- Storage must be on a waterproof surface that can be easily cleaned, and properly packed to contain any spills or leaks. Storage areas should be covered to prevent rainwater from accumulating.

- Secondary containment systems must be constructed of materials suitable for waste storage and sufficient to prevent loss to the environment.

- Secondary storage includes wherever liquid waste is stored in volumes larger than 220 liters. The available volume of secondary containment must be at least 110 percent of the largest storage, or 25 percent of the total storage capacity (depending on which amount is greater) at that particular location.

- Provide adequate ventilation where volatile

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision substances are stored.

(b) Transportation of hazardous waste

- On-site and off-site waste transport must be carried out to prevent or minimize spillage, release, and exposure to employees and the public.

- All waste containers designated for off-site transport must be protected and labeled with the associated content and hazards, properly placed on the transport vehicles before leaving the site and must have the transportation note (e.g. manifest) describing the load and associated hazards, in accordance with the instructions.

(c) Burying hazardous waste

- Chemical waste of any kind must be disposed of at an approved appropriate landfill and in accordance with local law requirements. The contractor must have a necessary treatment certificate.

- The removal of hazardous waste must be done and handled by specially trained and certified

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision workers.

- Oil, lubricants, detergents etc. from maintenance of vehicles and machinery must be collected in storage tanks and must be disposed by a company specializing in oil recycling at hazardous waste disposal sites.

- Unused or rejected asphalt or bitumen products will be returned to the supplier's factory.

4) Soil erosion - Limit carrying out construction activities on WBG's environmental, Contractors Community rainy day health and safety monitoring guidelines committee; - Use geotextile to temporarily cover easily eroded PMU, land Construction Supervision - Cover a layer of soil over the soil surface to help Consultant the soil absorb water gradually (CSC)

- Build walls around the erosion area to block the Commune flow of water Fatherland - Stabilize easily eroded soil surface with Front cultivation or concrete Committee; Commune Women's

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision Union.

5) Drainage and - The Contractor should comply with the detailed -TCVN 4447:1987: Contractors Community sedimentation design of the wastewater system in the Codes for construction, monitoring management construction plan to prevent overflow or erosion check and acceptance committee; of unprotected hills and areas due to flooding, PMU, leading to industrial waste affecting local water - Circular No. Construction sources. 22/2010/TT- Supervision BXD of the Consultant - Ensure that the sewage system is free of silt and Ministry of (CSC) other obstacles. Construction regulating Commune - Ensure to maintain the current status of areas occupational Fatherland where construction is not taking place. safety in Front construction Committee; - Reasonable conduct of soil work, sawing, soil Commune filling, compliance with construction standards, - QCVN 08- Women's including measures such as installation of MT:2015/BTNM Union. sewage systems, planting of trees. T - National technical - In order to avoid waste sedimentation, causing regulation on negative impacts on water supply, it is necessary surface water to install a waste sedimentation management quality system to slow or divert waste and sediment until cultivation is carried out. Sediment management systems may include clearing of channels, canal banks, and waste collection tanks, use of straw

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision materials, post-storm protection systems, or fences.

- Dewatering and water diverting: In case the construction works need to be carried out at a water source (e.g. building a bridge, a wall, preventing erosion), such area needs to be drained and ensured a dry condition for construction. Water after sedimentation from the construction site must be discharged into the sediment management system to be pre-treated before flowing into the water source.

- It is necessary to implement mitigation measures for each specific area under ESMP when conducting water diversion or construction of a cofferdam.

6) Management of - The use of hazardous materials and chemicals within - Decree No. Contractors Community hazardous the subproject must strictly comply with the 38/2015/ND-CP monitoring materials and manufacturer's instructions. on waste committee; chemicals management and PMU, - Use the chemicals listed in the permissible list of wasted materials Construction authorized agencies Supervision - Decision No. Consultant - People exposed to hazardous materials and chemicals 23/2006/QD- (CSC) need to be trained intensively in measures to avoid the

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision risk of exposure to hazardous materials and chemicals. BTNMT: On issuing the List of Commune - People who regularly come into contact with hazardous wastes Fatherland hazardous materials and chemicals should periodically Front have health checkup (not less than once every 6 - Circular No. Committee; months) and require adequate rest. 36/2015/TT- Commune BTNMT on Women's Transportation of hazardous materials and Hazardous waste Union. chemicals management

- Use specialized accessories, pipes and taps for - Circular No. materials in the tank (for example, all acids use 03/2016/TT- one type of connection, all caustics use other BNNPTNT on equipment) and maintain procedures to prevent the list of the incorrect addition of hazardous substances to pesticides the tank. permitted for use in Vietnam - Use transfer equipment that is compatible and consistent with the characteristics of the transfer - Circular No. material and design to ensure safe transfer. 21/2015/TT- BNNPTNT on - Regularly check, maintain and repair pesticide accessories, pipes. management

- Provides secondary containment, drip or other - WBG's spill and drip prevention measures, for hazardous environmental, material containers at connecting points or other

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision possible overflow points. health and safety guidelines Overload control

- Prepare written procedures for transportation activities including a checklist of measures to be taken during the filling process and use of people trained in this process.

- Install measuring devices on the tank to measure the volume inside.

- Use drip water hose connections for tank trucks and fixed connections with tanks.

- Provide automatic tightly closed valves on storage tanks to avoid overloading.

- Use a water tank around the pipe to collect spilled material.

- Use pipe connection with automatic overload protection valve (float valve).

- Pump less than the allowed volume into a tank or vessel by ordering less material than its available capacity.

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision

- In case of overload or overpressure of discharge hose, it is necessary to lower the load.

Fire reaction and prevention

- Store incompatible materials (acids, bases, flammable substances, oxidizing agents, reactive chemicals) in separate areas, and facilities that separate the material storage area.

- Provide specific material storage for extremely hazardous or reactive materials.

- Use flame-preventing equipment on vents from flammable containers.

- Provide lightning protection equipment for tanks, relay stations and other equipment used to handle flammable materials.

- Choose construction materials that are compatible with stored products for all parts of the storage and distribution system and avoid reusing containers for different products without checking compatibility of materials.

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision

- Store hazardous materials in the facility isolated from the main works. If closeness cannot be avoided, it is necessary to physically separate using structures designed to prevent fire, explosion, overflow, and other emergency situations affecting the operation of the facility.

- Storage area must be on a waterproof surface and can be easily cleaned, and properly packed to avoid any spills or leaks. Storage areas should be covered to prevent rainwater accumulation.

- Prohibit all sources of ignition from areas near flammable tanks.

Secondary compartment (liquid)

- Transfer dangerous substances from truck tanks to storage areas in areas with enough water permeability to avoid environmental loss and slipping down to the collection place or structure of containers not connected to wastewater/rainwater collection system.

- If a long-term containment structure is not provided for transfer, then one or more other

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision forms of overflow prevention must be provided, such as a mobile cover (which can be deployed throughout the operation), pressure reducing valves on rainwater tanks, or valve closures in drains or sewers, combined with oil separators.

- Store hazardous materials with tanks of a total capacity of 1,000 liters or more in areas with impervious surfaces covered or braided to contain at least 25% of total storage.

- Provides secondary containment for parts (tanks, tubes) of hazardous material storage systems, within the scope of feasibility.

- Perform periodic tank truck inspections (e.g. daily or weekly), and check the visible parts of tank trucks and pipes to avoid leaks.

- Use storage systems and dual, composite, or special pipelines, especially in the use of underground storage tanks (USTs) and underground pipelines. If a dual wall system is used, they should provide a mean to detect leaks between two walls.

Training - Employees need to be trained in

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision hazardous waste management. Training program includes:

- List of trained staff

- Specific training objectives.

- Mechanisms for achieving goals (hands-on workshops, videos, etc.).

- The means to determine whether the training program is effective

- Training procedures for new recruits and new courses for existing employees.

Community Participation and Awareness

- The community that is potentially affected will be provided with information on the scope and extent of the project activity and on-the-spot preventive and control measures to ensure that it does not affect human health.

- Potential impacts on human health or the environment due to incidents or existing hazardous wastes.

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision

- Specific and timely information on appropriate behavior and safety measures will be adopted in the event of an accident including practicing drills at high-risk locations.

- Access to essential information to understand the nature of the potential impacts of accidents and the opportunities to effectively contribute to relevant decisions and develop community emergency plans.

- The Department of Natural Resources and Environment and the Department of Health will be promptly notified of any environmental incidents.

- Preparing and taking remedial action after the oil spillage. In this case, the contractor must provide a report explaining the reason for the spill, corrective actions, consequences/damages due to the spill, and remedial solutions.

7) Biological - The contractor needs to establish a Land - Law on Contractors Community impact Clearance, Vegetation Rehabilitation and Biodiversity No. monitoring Restoration Management Plan in accordance 20/2008/QH12 committee; with relevant regulations for the Construction PMU,

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision engineer to approve in advance. Land clearance Construction plan must be approved by Construction - Decree No. Supervision supervision consultant and the Contractor should 65/2010/ND-CP Consultant strictly follow this plan. Limit to the lowest guiding the Law (CSC) possible number of areas to be cleared. on Biodiversity Commune - Land clearance work in mountainous areas PC; requires permission from the Ministry of Commune Agriculture and Rural Development. Fatherland Front - The contractor should release topsoil of all areas Committee; where topsoil will be affected by rehabilitation, Commune including temporary measures such as storage Women's and piling up, etc.; removed topsoil will be Union. gathered in the area agreed with the Construction supervision consultant which will be used for future re-planting of vegetation and needs protection.

- Use of chemicals in the release of vegetation is prohibited.

- Tree felling is prohibited unless permitted in the vegetation release plan.

- Set up temporary protection fences to protect trees that need to be kept if necessary before

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision starting work at that site.

- Do not encroach on important ecological resources unless authorized by the Construction supervision consultant, this Consultant needs to consult with the PMU, Independent Environmental Monitoring Consultant (IEMC) and related authorities. These areas include breeding areas for birds, animals, fish, or protected areas as green spaces.

- The contractor should ensure that no animal hunting, trapping or poisoning activities take place.

8) Traffic - Contractor must strictly comply with the provisions of - Law on Road Contractors Community management the Law on Road Traffic Traffic No. monitoring 23/2008/QH12; committee; - Adopt the best traffic safety measures on all aspects of PMU, subproject activities with the objective of preventing - Decree Construction traffic accidents and minimizing injuries that subproject 46/2016/ND-CP Supervision employees and public may experience. Measures should on administrative Consultant include: penalties for road (CSC) traffic offences • Emphasize the safety aspect with the drivers. and rail transport Commune offences PC; • Improve driving skills and driver licensing

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision requirements. Commune - Law on Fatherland • Adopt travel time limits and control panel construction No. Front arrangement to avoid overload. 50/2014/QH13; Committee; Commune • Avoid dangerous roads and time of day to reduce - Circular No. Women's the risk of accidents. 22/2010/TT- Union. BXD regulating • Use speed control devices on trucks, and occupational remotely monitor the actions of drivers. safety in construction. - Regularly maintain vehicles and use approved parts of the manufacturer to minimize serious accidents that - WBG may occur due to equipment malfunction or premature environmental, failure. health and safety Guidelines - Minimize the interaction of pedestrians with construction vehicles.

- Collaborate with local communities and authorities to improve signage, visibility and overall safety of roads, especially along routes located near schools or other places with children. Collaborate with local communities on traffic and pedestrian safety education (e.g. school education campaigns).

- Coordinate with emergency response agencies to

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision ensure that appropriate first aid measures are provided in case of an accident.

- Use locally sourced materials, whenever possible, to minimize transport distances. Locate associated facilities such as labor camps in the subproject area and arrange worker transportation by bus to minimize outside traffic.

- Use safe traffic control measures, including signs and flaggers to warn of dangerous conditions.

-

9) Interruption of - Planned and unplanned interruption of water, - Decree No. Contractors Community public service gas, electricity, internet service provision: The 167/2013/ND-CP monitoring provision contractor must conduct prior consultations and Regulating on committee; make contingency plans with the local sanction of PMU, authorities regarding the consequences of administrative Construction discontinuing or disconnecting services. violation in social Supervision security, order Consultant - Collaborate with related utility service providers and safety; (CSC) to set up a reasonable construction schedule. prevention of social evils Commune - Provide information for affected households on PC; work schedules as well as plans to stop providing Commune utility services (at least 5 days in advance). Fatherland

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision Front - Contractors must ensure water supply Committee; alternatives for affected residents in case of Commune interruptions lasting more than a day. Women's Union. - Any damage to the existing utility system of the cable will be reported to the authorities and repaired as soon as possible.

10) Management of - Camps of contractors and workers are - Labor Code Contractors Community worker camps temporarily built on the subproject land. 10/2012/QH13 monitoring committee; - These areas are built far enough away from the - WBG PMU, area used for construction material arrangement, environmental, Construction oil storage, waste, discharge channels, sensitive health and safety Supervision locations such as schools, hospitals, churches, Guidelines Consultant temples, temples and other dangerous areas such (CSC) as landslides, land subsidence or erosion. Commune - The camps must ensure good conditions such as PC; ventilation, sunlight, clean water, garbage Commune collection, septic toilets, mosquito nets, fire Fatherland extinguishers, first aid kits, and other health Front protection facilities for workers. Committee; Commune Women's

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision Union.

11) Management of - Use local workers for simple jobs, and to limit - Decree No. Contractors Community social issues related the increase in workers in the subproject area. 167/2013/ND-CP monitoring to labor influx Regulating on committee; - Explain to local workers about local customs and sanction of PMU, practices to avoid conflicts with local people. administrative Construction violation in social Supervision - The owner of the subproject and the Contractor security, order Consultant should cooperate with local agencies to avoid and safety; (CSC) and prevent social evils. prevention of social evils Commune - Strengthen propaganda campaigns on social evil PC; elimination - WBG Commune - Contact local organizations to ensure effective environmental, Fatherland management and GRM so that affected local health and safety Front people can trust. Guidelines Committee; Commune - Workers living temporarily in camps and rental Women's houses must register for temporary residence Union. with local agencies.

- Workers are strictly prohibited from the following acts:

+ Using alcoholic beverages during construction

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision

+ Arguing, fighting

+ Participating in gambling, social evils such as use of drugs and prostitution

+ Littering indiscriminately

12) Chance finds If the contractor discovers archaeological sites, - Law amending Contractors Community historical sites, remains and artifacts, including and monitoring cemeteries and / or individual graves during earthworks, supplementing a committee; construction, they have the responsibility to: number of PMU, articles of the Construction + Stop the construction activity in the discovery Law on Cultural Supervision area; Heritages No. Consultant 28/2001/QH10; (CSC) + Position the discovery location or area; - Law amending Commune + Protect the locations to prevent any damage or and PC; loss of mobile objects. In the case of objects are supplementing a Commune removable or remain sensitive, arrange a night number of Fatherland guard until the agency responsible for the articles of the Front protection of the local heritage or the Law on Cultural Committee; Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism Heritages No. Commune comes to receive; 28/2001/QH10; Women's Union. + Notify the Construction supervision consultant - Decree

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision (CSC), CSC will notify the agency responsible supplementing for the protection of local or national heritage and amending (within 24 hours or less); No. 98/2010/ND- CP + This agency will be responsible for the protection and preservation of these sites before deciding on the next procedure. A preliminary assessment report on the discovery process will be performed. The significance and importance of findings are evaluated according to different criteria related to cultural heritage, including aesthetic, historical, scientific, research, social and economic values;

+ Decision on how to handle the search is made by the agency responsible for local heritage protection. This may include changes in layout (such as when finding a relic that cannot be relocated), conservation, preservation, restoration and recovery;

+ If the cultural sites and/or relics are of high value and the preservation of sites is recommended by the experts and at the request of the agency responsible for the protection of the local heritage, the Owner must change the necessary

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision design to accommodate the requirements and preserve these sites;

+ Decisions regarding search management will be notified in writing by the competent authority

+ Construction works may continue only after obtaining permission from the agency responsible for the protection of local heritage.

13) Occupational Over-Exertion - Directive No. Contractors Community health and safety 02/2008/CT- monitoring - Training of workers on material lifting and handling BXD on committee; techniques in construction and finishing, including reorganizing and PMU, setting a weight limit on which mechanical assistance or strengthening Construction a two-person lift is required. measures to Supervision ensure Consultant - Plan work layout to minimize the need for manual occupational (CSC) transport of heavy objects. safety and hygiene in units Commune - Select tools and design work points to reduce the force Fatherland and time requirements for holding, and promote of construction industry Front improved postures, including work stations with the Committee; ability to adjust users. - Circular No. Commune - Perform administrative control on work processes, 22/2010/TT- Women's such as job rotation, rest or break. BXD dated Union.

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision December 03, Slipping and falling 2010 of the Ministry of - Take good hygiene measures, such as arrange Construction and place loose construction materials or regulating demolition debris in designated areas away from occupational footpaths. safety in - Regular cleaning of waste and liquid. construction

- Locate electrical wires and connections in - QCVN common areas and marked corridors. 18:2014/BXD: National - Use non-slip shoes. technical regulation on Working at height construction safety - Train and use temporary anti-fall devices, such as rails or other fences which can support 200 - WBG pounds, when working at or above two meters or environmental, at any height if there are risks including falling health and safety into operating machinery, into water or other Guidelines liquid, toxic substances, or through open area on the work surface.

- Train and use personal anti-fall systems, such as safety harness and energy-absorbing wires which

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision are capable of supporting 2,268 kg (also described above in this section on working at height), as well as rescue procedures for those who fall to prevent falling from above. The connection point of the anti-fall system can also support 2,268 kg.

- Use control zones and safety monitoring systems to alert workers on locations near fall hazards, as well as tightening, marking and labeling covers for openings on floors, roofs, or walking surfaces.

Struck by objects

- Use regulated and restricted areas of release or discharge, and/or gutters to safely move waste from top to bottom.

- Perform sawing, cutting, crushing, sanding, splitting or chiseling with proper protection and anchoring when applied.

- Maintain clear ways to avoid moving heavy equipment across loose scraps.

- Use protective measures or falling people or

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision materials such as scaffolding and edges of high working surfaces, such as handrails and planks to avoid material bouncing.

- Move work areas during blasting and use blasting mats or deflection methods to minimize flying rocks or splashing debris if work is done close to people or works.

- Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as safety glasses with side shields, masks, hard hats, and safety shoes.

Moving machines

- Plan and separate traffic locations, operate machinery and walk, and control vehicle traffic through one-way traffic routes, set speed limits, and people who are equipped to wear high- visibility vests or specialized clothing to regulate traffic.

- Ensure visibility through the use of high- visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operation areas and train workers to check eye contact with equipment operators before approaching the

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision vehicle.

- Ensure the moving device is equipped with an alarm system.

- Use lifting equipment that is well tested and maintained in accordance with loads, such as cranes, and ensure loads when lifting them higher than the required heights.

Dust

- Dust mitigation techniques, such as the use of water or non-toxic chemicals, must be implemented to minimize dirt from vehicle movements.

- Personal protective equipment such as masks will be used where the dust level is too high.

Excavation and restricted space

- Controlling specific elements on site can contribute to instability of slope of excavation and backfill, for example, using water removal techniques in earthworks, supporting side walls and adjusting the slope to eliminate or minimize

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision the risk of collapse, forming traps, or drowning.

- Provide safe means to access and exit earthwork areas, such as ramps, access roads, or stairs and ladders.

- Avoid operating burners for long period in earthwork areas where other workers must enter unless the area is ventilated.

Other site hazards

- Use specially trained staff to identify and remove waste from containers, basins, pots, processing equipment or contaminated soil as the first step to excavate, build, dismantle or destroy safely.

- Use specially trained staff to identify and choose to remove materials that are potentially hazardous in construction before dismantling or demolishing including, for example, insulators or structural elements containing asbestos and Polychlorinated Biphenyls, electrical components containing mercury.

- Use appropriate protective equipment based on health and safety assessment results, including

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision respirators, protective clothing, gloves and eye protection

14) Community A. General site hazards - Law on Road Contractors Community health and safety traffic no. monitoring - The subproject must implement risk 23/2008/QH12 committee; management strategies to protect the community PMU, from physical, chemical or other hazards - Circular No. Construction associated with construction areas. 22/2010/TT- Supervision BXD on Consultant - Limit access to construction sites, approve a occupational (CSC) combination of regulation control and safety in administrative measures, for structures or areas construction Commune with high risks, set up barriers, signs and Fatherland propagate risks to the local community - QCVN Front depending on specific situations. 18:2014/BXD: Committee; National Commune - Eliminate hazards on construction sites that technical Women's cannot be effectively controlled by restricting regulation on Union. access to construction sites, such as covering construction open areas into shielded small spaces, ensuring safety an exit for larger open areas such as excavated ditches or excavated pit or storage around - WBG hazardous materials. environmental, health and safety B. Disease prevention Guidelines

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision

Infectious diseases

- Workers need to be monitored, screened and treated.

- Preventing diseases among workers and local communities by:

• Provide initiatives to raise awareness about health and education, for example by implementing an information strategy to reinforce personal awareness to address systematic factors that may affect individual behaviors as well as promote personal protection and protecting others from infection by encouraging condom use.

• Train health staff on treatment.

• Conduct vaccination programs for workers in local communities to improve health and prevent infection.

• Providing medical services.

• Provide treatment through typical case

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision management at on-site or community-based health care facilities. Ensure access to appropriate medical treatment, confidentiality and care, especially for migrant workers.

• Promote cooperation with local authorities to enhance the access of worker families and communities to public health services and promote vaccination.

Vector-borne diseases

- Prevent the spread of larvae and pathogens through hygiene measures and eliminate the living and reproduction habitats of larvae around human settlements.

- Remove unusable stagnant water

- Increase flow in natural and artificial channels.

- Consider using fences to surround pesticide residues.

- Implement integrated vector control programs.

- Promote the use of repellents, clothing, nets, and

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision other preventive measures to prevent insect bites.

- Prophylactic treatment with non-immune drugs and coordination with health staff to destroy disease reservoirs.

- Monitor and treat circulating and migrating populations to prevent the spread of diseases.

- Cooperation and exchange of tools and machines with other control programs in the subproject area to maximize benefits.

- Train subproject staff and local people on risks, prevention, and treatment.

- Monitor communities in high-risk seasons to detect and treat cases.

- Distribute appropriate educational documents.

- Follow safety guidelines for pesticide storage, transportation and use to minimize the potential risk of accidental overuse, spills, and human exposure by accident.

15) Stockpile and - Large-scale mines or storages will need specific Contractors Community

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision Borrow pits measures beyond the scope of mitigation monitoring management measures in this ECOP. committee; PMU, - All places used must be predetermined in Construction approved construction engineering requirements. Supervision Consultant - An open moat will be built around the storage (CSC) area to block wastewater.

- For the first opened material mine, it is necessary to reserve the topsoil so that it can be reused later to restore the mine to return to its original natural condition.

- The use of new areas for storage, gathering or extraction of materials required for construction must be preapproved by construction engineers.

- When land owners are affected as their land is used for material stockpiling, gathering or mining, these owners must be included in the project's resettlement plan.

- If access roads are required, they must be considered in the environmental assessment.

16) Communication - Maintain communication with local authorities - Decree No. Contractors Community

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision with the local and interested communities; contractor needs to 167/2013/ND-CP monitoring community. cooperate with local authorities (chairman of on sanction of committee; commune PCs and village chiefs) on administrative PMU, construction plan agreed in areas near sensitive violation in social Construction areas or during sensitive times (such as religious security, order Supervision festivals). safety Consultant (CSC) - Make copies in Vietnamese of ECOP and related environmental protection documents for local agencies and workers.

- Playground, parking lot are reduced: Loss of public infrastructure during construction is often an issue that is inconvenient for people in sensitive areas. However, the consultation with affected people will be done to create opportunities for research and implementation of alternative measures.

- Disseminate subproject information to affected parties (such as local authorities, businesses and affected households, etc.) in community meetings before construction starts.

- Provide contact information of public relations units so that interested parties can gather

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision information about activities at the construction site, status and results of subproject implementation.

- Provide all information, especially technical data, in an easy-to-understand and useful way for interested parties as well as authorities through tables and newsletters, when there are significant results in the project implementation phase.

- Manage relationship with community and information requirements when implementing subprojects.

- Timely and accurately respond to requests by phone and written documents.

- Inform local people about the construction plan, service disruptions, detours and bus routes, in case of necessary explosion, destruction.

- Limiting construction in the evening. If necessary, must ensure that the work is well prepared and everyone is fully informed to take necessary measures.

- At least 15 days notice of service interruption

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Environmental and Applicable regulations, Responsibilities Mitigation measures social issues codes and standards Implementation Supervision (including electricity, water, telephone, bus service, etc.) must be given to people by posting a notice at the subproject implementation site, at the bus stop and at the affected businesses/households.

- Provide technical documents and drawings to local agencies and residents, specially drafting the construction area and the environmental and social management plan (ESMP) of the construction site.

- Notice boards should be placed at all construction sites to provide information about the project as well as contact information of PMU, environmental staff, safety and health staff, other phone numbers and contact information for all affected people so they can express their concerns as well as make suggestions.

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An assessment of the severity of drilling fluids is necessary before doing this work. Mixing cement and additives with water to create grout will be done carefully in a specially designed area to avoid spillage of grout into the surrounding environment. Equipment and tools to prepare grout will be managed and cleaned up appropriately to avoid the penetration of grout into the soil, surface water and groundwater. Temporary standard settling pond will be constructed to collect the grout in case it espcapes from grouting in the seepage treatment at the dam body. Based on the level of harzard, sediment from the settling pond will be collected, dried, and treated further or transported to local authorized disposal areas after the completion of grouting in accordance with the GoV's on waste treatment regulations. c. Mitigation measures for specific effects

In addition to the mentioned general mitigation measures, during the implementation of Kon Tum subproject in the reservoirs, there are specific impacts on sensitive sites scattered across the construction sites. After consulting local authorities and communities, specific solutions and implementation are presented in the following table.

Table 7.2. Mitigation measures for sensitive works

Responsibility Mitigation Work Location/Description Potential impacts for Supervision measures implementing

Located adjacent to Dust generated - All trucks Contractors Supervision National Road 14, near from material carrying soil, Consultant, Ca Sam reservoir transportation can sand and some PMU, 1, Diem Cao 601 historical site project, Dak La spread to the other materials Community commune, Dak Ha historical sight, the must be covered monitoring district. level is not with tarpaulin. committee; significant. Conduct daily dirt cleaning for vehicles and

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Responsibility Mitigation Work Location/Description Potential impacts for Supervision measures implementing other machines.

- Conduct daily watering on transportation routes.

Dak Uy special-use Dust from material Measures to Contractors Supervision forest is 25 km from transportation can minimize dust in Consultant, Kon Tum city to the affect the forest. transportation, PMU, north, along the However, the level reasonable Community National highway 14 of impact is very transportation monitoring in Dak Mar commune, little. plan, restricting committee; Ha Mon district - Dak routes near Local 2, Dak Uy special-use forest Ha district. The area is The entire special-use community protection forest 690 ha. forests, the owner area has been with contractors The special-use forest protected with are responsible is located near the A1 walls and cannot for educating and reservoir of Team 4 be invaded from raising workers' and C3 reservoir (704) outside, there is no awareness in under the Subproject. impact of workers. protection of natural resources

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Responsibility Mitigation Work Location/Description Potential impacts for Supervision measures implementing and environment. Currently the forest has been closed with solidly built walls, isolated from the production area outside.

The PleiKrong During excavation Clear the site Contractors Supervision hydropower plant and backfill, regularly, not Consultant, reservoir is the stormwater runoff allow the PMU, downstream of C3 and can wash waste materials and Community C4 reservoirs - Ha into the fuels to be swept monitoring 3, PleiKrong Hydropower plant Mon commune and A1 downstream, away by the flow committee; reservoir reservoir of Team 4 - affecting the water of rainwater. community Dak Mar commune quality of the under the Subproject. hydropower plant Reinforce reservoir. positions that are easy to be washed away and prone to landslides.

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Responsibility Mitigation Work Location/Description Potential impacts for Supervision measures implementing

- C3 Reservoir (704): Impacts of dust, For households There are many houses emissions and that have lived around the reservoir, noise during for a long time, and there is a house construction. the relocation near the dam surface, plan is very which has a red book Risks of house and difficult and not issued long time ago. architectural suitable to the 4, Houses near reservoirs damage. objectives of the - At the Hamlet 9 Subproject. a. C3 Reservoir (704) reservoir: There is a Risk of dam safety household living right during operation Therefore, the b. Hamlet 9 Reservoir - Dak Hring next to the flood phase. proposed plan is commune discharge canal for a to carry out direct long time, which has consultation with c. Dak Tin Reservoir - Dak Choong been granted a red the community, commune book by the Commune publicize People's Committee. information about the construction - At Dak Tin reservoir: process, remind There are 02 houses people. living near the dam surface, at the flood In construction of discharge route. They management and have been living there material for long time and transportation

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Responsibility Mitigation Work Location/Description Potential impacts for Supervision measures implementing granted red books by roads, it is the Commune People's necessary to Committee. arrange motorcycles and appropriate construction solutions to limit cracking of house structure.

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7.1.2.3. Mitigation measures during operation phase

After completing the construction items, the reservoir will ensure the correct capacity of the water storage and ensure the irrigation plan for the downstream of agricultural cultivation. Reservoir safety and operation-related solutions are further discussed in the "Dam Safety" report of the same project.

Table 7.3: General mitigation measures of impacts during operation phase

Responsi bility for Supervisio Impacts Mitigation measures implemen n ting

- Install signage and dangerous warning Work system on dam and reservoir areas. manageme nt unit - Propagate about the risk of drowning for (Kon Tum Risk of Reservoir residents living around the reservoir. Manageme drowning owner nt Boards of Irrigation Works. - The subproject will prepare and implement an integrated pest control plan (IPM). - Participate in training IPM staff. Departmen t of Natural - Coordinate with Plant Protection Stations Resources Branch of of Dak Ha, Dak To, Ngoc Hoi, Dak Glei, and Planting Sa Thay provinces and Kon Tum city. Environme and Plant Integrated - Coordinate with IPM staff to train nt; Protection pest impacts farmers to implement IPM through Departmen in Kon approaching and providing knowledge, t of Tum supporting farmers to use pesticides Agricultura province safely when needed. l and Rural - Provide the list of prohibited pesticides. Developme nt. - Inspect pesticide distributors and suppliers to ensure the supply of safe pesticides for farmers.

Domestic - Limit activities that generate solid waste Work waste from and wastewater. manageme Reservoir activities of nt unit - No littering. owner reservoir (Kon Tum operators and - Waste must be collected and transported Manageme

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Responsi bility for Supervisio Impacts Mitigation measures implemen n ting tourists to the local landfill. nt Boards of - Wastewater must be collected into Irrigation settling pits before being discharged into Works. the outside environment.

- If the reservoir operator is present regularly on the reservoir, septic toilet needs to be built.

- Notify downstream people about the Work annual repair and maintenance plan. manageme nt unit - Perform periodic repair and maintenance (Kon Tum Repair and activities for a short period of time and at Managem Manageme maintenance the time of lowest water demand. ent units nt Boards - Carry out measures to maintain water of supply during repair to ensure there is no Irrigation interruption of water supply. Works.

- Prepare an emergency response plan as part of the dam safety report.

- Management and operation units should promptly and accurately notify flood discharge plans so that the community Work Regulate can take initiative in grasping and manageme reservoirs and responding. nt unit flood (Kon Tum discharge in - At times when insecurity is likely to Reservoir Manageme case of big occur such as stormy season, it is owner nt Boards floods necessary to send people to regularly of affecting monitor and be on duty to ensure proper Irrigation downstream water regulation. Works. - Building safety corridors for flood discharge, on the basis of impact prediction scenarios; specific solutions are detailed in the Dam safety report and emergency response plan.

Risks of - The reservoir management and operation Work Reservoir natural unit regularly check the safety of the manageme owner disasters reservoir. nt unit

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Responsi bility for Supervisio Impacts Mitigation measures implemen n ting causing (Kon Tum insecurity - Strictly follow the operating procedures Manageme to ensure the reservoir safety. nt Boards of - The reservoir management and operation Irrigation units work closely with the Commune Works. People's Committee and local people to promptly report risks related to dam safety to take timely measures.

- Local people and authorities take initiative in community-based disaster response plans.

- Develop scenarios for forecasting impacts on space due to dam breakage, migration options, safety measures for life and community property in emergency situations etc., details are shown in the Dam safety report and emergency response plan of the Subproject.

7.1.3. Implementation organization

7.1.3.1. Project management

Central Level

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) is responsible for the implementation and management of the entire project. The Provinces repair and upgrade dams under Component 1 and MARD will coordinate activities with the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT) and MONRE under Component 2. The Central Project Management Unit (CPMU) under MARD is responsible for coordinating and monitoring the entire project. The repair and preparation of dam safety plans, including protection and commissioning, are centered on provincial government. The Provincial People's Committee (PPC), the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD) are the managers at the provincial level. The Provincial Project Management Unit (PPMU) is responsible for managing and supervising the works with the support from the CPMU.

The CPMU will assist in implementing projects by social and environmental technical assistance units; in addition, CPMU will hire independent consultants to

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Provincial level

Kon Tum Provincial People's Committee assigns the PMU of Construction and Investment in Agriculture and Rural Development Works in Kon Tum Province to implement the project in the area, establish WB8 Project Management Unit (PPMU) to carry out procurement, construction supervision, implement resettlement action plans, environmental and social action plans and these actions and plans must be in line with the general framework for the overall project. PPMU will be provided with technical support, environmental and social consultancy by the central project management unit (CPMU).

Figure 7-1: Project implementing organization

(Source: ESM's framework of the DRSIP Project, 2015)

7.1.3.2 Roles and responsibilities for environmental and social safety management

In regular investment supervision activities, CPMU will conduct inspections with local environmental authorities to determine whether the project implementation meets all the requirements in the social and environment management framework, social and environmental impact assessment report and environmental management plan. This agency will survey the site at different stages of the project to confirm that

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CPMU requires PPMU to have a corresponding environmental corresponding with its investments, including significant mitigation activities, and to mention significant environmental incidents that have occurred. All PPMUs must include the environmental part in all reports prepared for the World Bank.

Stakeholders must fully understand the mechanism to implement the ESMP in project's investments. This will be very important in supporting and evaluating their roles in environmental monitoring and evaluation for subproject activities. Organization chart during the implementation of the ESMP is in the following figure.

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CPMU (Environmental and social safeguard staff, WB project implementation support consultant, independent monitoring consultant)

PPMU (Environmental and social staff) DONRE

Office of Natural Resources and Environment of District People's Committee

Construction supervision Contractors Community consultant (CSC)

Figure 7-2. Organization chart for Environmental safety policy implementation of the subproject

Details of the roles and responsibilities of the parties involved in environmental and social management during project implementation are presented in the following table.

Table 7.4. Roles and responsibilities of stakeholders

Unit Tasks/position - The CPMU, on behalf of the owner who is the MARD, is responsible for monitoring the overall project implementation, including compliance with the project's social and environmental safety policies. - Responsible for reporting on the project implementation of environmental safeguard policies to MONRE and the World Bank. Central Project - CPMU will be assisted in the overall project implementation Management Unit with a technical assistance consultant, The technical (CPMU) assistance consultant will develop a system to properly monitor the safety and social content during project implementation. - Third-party's independent supervisor will perform regular independent review of project activities. They will also assess the compliance with the application of policies and the implementation of the safeguard tools, including

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The Bidder shall submit to PPMU the following additional documents in its Bid: :

Code of Conduct (ESHS) • The Bidder shall submit its Code of Conduct that will apply to its employees and subcontractors, to ensure compliance with its Environmental, Social, Health and Safety (ESHS) obligations under the contract. • In addition, the Bidder shall detail how this Code of Conduct will be implemented. This will include: how it will be introduced into conditions of employment/engagement, what training will be provided, Bidder how it will be monitored and how the Contractor proposes to deal with any breaches

Management Strategies and Implementation Plans (MSIP) to manage the (ESHS) risks - The Bidder shall submit Management Strategies and Implementation Plans (MSIP) to manage the following key Environmental, Social, Health and Safety (ESHS) risks + Traffic management plan to ensure safety for local communities from construction traffic; + Water resource protection plan to prevent drinking water pollution; + Marking strategy and boundary protection for mobilization

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1 The Contractor will not begin any Works, including mobilization and/or pre-construction activities (e.g. limited clearance for roads, service roads and construction sites, geotechnical investigations or surveys to select auxiliary features such as quarries and coal mines), unless PMU is pleased that appropriate measures are applied to address environmental, social, health and safety risks and impacts. At a minimum, the Contractor will apply the Management Strategy and Implementation Plan and the Code of Conduct, submitted as part of the bid proposal and agreed to as part of the Contract. The Contractor shall submit, on a continuous basis, for prior approval by the Subproject Director, Additional Management Strategies and Additional Implementation Plans when needed to manage the risks and impacts of ESHS on ongoing work. These management strategies and implementation plans include the entire Contractor's Environmental and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP). C-ESMP will be approved before starting construction activities (e.g. excavation, soil works, bridge and structural works, flow and roads, material extraction or extraction, concrete mixing and asphalt production). Approved C- ESMP will be reviewed periodically (but not less than once every six months), and updated promptly, upon request, by the Contractor to ensure that It has measures in accordance with the Works activities to be implemented. The C-ESMP update will need to be approved in advance by the Subproject Director.

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The tasks of Contractors, Safety, Social and Environmental Staff (SSEO) and CSC are set as follows:

7.1.4.1. Environmental tasks of the Contractor2

First of all, the Contractor must comply to minimize the potential impacts of the project's construction activities. Secondly, the Contractor must apply mitigation measures within the framework of the Social and environment management plan to prevent damage and cause nuisance to the local community and the environment due to impacts during construction and operation phases.

The Contractor is requested to submit for approval and then implement the Contractor's Social and Environmental Management Plan, in accordance with the

2If the Contractor is or does not perform any ESHS obligations or works under the Contract, the value of this job or obligation determined by the Project Manager may be withheld until the job or obligation has been fulfilled and/or repair or replacement costs, determined by the Project Manager, may be witheld until the repair or replacement is completed. Failure to do includes, but is not limited to, the following: • Failure to comply with any of the ESHS obligations or jobs described in the Work Requirements, including: working outside the boundaries of land, excessive dust, and failure to keep public roads in conditions of safe use, damaging vegetation, polluting water sources or sediments, soil contamination for example from oil and human waste, damage of archaeology or cultural heritage characteristics, air pollution caused by fire which is not allowed and / or ineffective; • Failure to regularly review C-ESMP and / or update it in a timely manner to address emerging ESHS issues, or anticipate risks or impacts; • Failure to implement C-ESMP; • There is no appropriate approval/license before conducting related work or activities; • Failure to submit an ESHS report (as described in Appendix C of SPD), or failure to submit a timely report; • Failure take corrective measures in accordance with the instructions of the Engineer within the specified time (for example, overcome noncompliance).

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Inaccessible remedial actions during construction must be carried out upon completion of the work (and before acceptance of the work completion). The Contractor's duties include:

- Compliance with legal requirements related to the environment, safety and public health.

- Working within the requirements of the contract and other bidding conditions.

- Establishing a representative board of the construction team, participate in joint tests conducted by the Environmental Safety Officer of PPMU and CSC.

- Coordinating with units with the function of conducting environmental monitoring periodically according to the content of ESIA.

- Coordinating with PPMU to train and propagate social and environmental safeguard policies for officials and employees on construction sites.

- Conduct any corrective actions as directed by the Environmental Officers of PPMU and CSC.

- If there are cases of non-compliance or falsification, investigation and submission of mitigation measures and implementation of measures to minimize environmental impacts must be conducted.

- Stop construction activities that interfere when receiving guidance from the Environmental safeguard staff of PPMU and CSC. Propose and implement remedial measures and implement alternative construction methods, to minimize environmental impacts. If the contractor fails to comply with the above requirements, the job will be suspended or they will be penalized until the matter is resolved and approved by the ES of the PPMU and CSC.

7.1.4.2. Contractor's safeguard, environment and society

Contractor is requested to appoint competent staff, including their safeguard, social and environmental officer (SSEO). Contractor's SSEO must be appropriately trained in environmental management and provided with necessary skills to transfer environmental management knowledge to all employees involved in the contract. SSEO will be responsible for monitoring contractor's compliance with ESMP requirements and environmental requirements. SEO's mission will include but not limited to the following:

- Check the current status of the environment to assess and check the status of the contractor's construction area, equipments and construction methods related to pollution control and ensure that environmental impact mitigation measures are fully implemented;

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- Support functional units to periodically monitor environment according to ESIA content;

- Monitor the implementation of environmental mitigation measures;

- Prepare an audit report for environmental conditions at the construction area;

- Investigate complaints and propose necessary corrective measures;

- Advise contractors on environmental improvement and immediate measures to prevent pollution;

- Propose appropriate mitigation measures for contractor in case of non- compliance. Perform additional monitoring of non-compliance by PPMU and Construction supervision consultant's environmental officers;

- Inform contractors and environmental officers (PPMU and Construction supervision consultant) on environmental issues, submit contractor's ESMP to PPMU and Construction supervision consultant's environmental officers, and relevant agencies, if needed;

- Archive detailed records of all site's activities related to the environment.

7.1.4.3. Environmental and social monitoring during construction

During the construction, the construction supervision consultant has sufficient capacity to report to PPMU to carry out environmental and social monitoring. The Construction supervision consultant will assign environmental and social officer to be responsible for checking, and monitoring all construction activities to ensure that mitigation measures selected in the ESMP are done properly, and the negative environmental and social impacts of the subproject are minimized. Construction supervision consultant will hire environmental and social monitoring engineers with knowledge of construction project management and environmental and social protection to perform the required responsibilities and supervise the contractor's performance. Especially, environmental and social officer of Construction supervision consultant will:

- On behalf of the PPMU to review and assess whether or not the construction design meets the requirements of the ESMP on mitigation and management measures;

- Monitor the contractor's environmental and social management system, including the implementation, experience and ability to solve environmental and social issues on the site, and provide regulatory guidelines;

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- Report the ESMP implementation to the PPMU and prepare the environmental and social monitoring report during the construction period.

7.1.4.4 Compliance with legal and contractual requirements

Construction activities not only comply with the requirements of environmental protection and pollution control under the contract, but also comply with Vietnam's Law on Environmental Protection and Pollution Control.

All reports on construction methods are submitted by the Contractor to the Construction supervision consultant and Kon Tum PPMU for approval to consider adequate measures to control the pollution and protect the environment.

Construction supervision consultant and PPMU will also review the progress of works in order to check whether the relevant environmental laws have been violated and any violation of the law can be prevented.

The contractor must copy documents relating to the safety and Construction supervision consultant and PPMU's safety officers. The documents should at least include an update of the construction progress report, update of construction measures and permit/other license application under the law on environmental protection and all valid licenses. The environmental and social officers of the construction supervision consultant and PPMU will also have access to the website log when required.

After reviewing the documents, the environmental and social officers of the construction supervision consultant and PPMU will advise the PPMU and the contractor on any non-compliance with the contract requirements and laws on environmental protection and pollution control so they can continue the next actions. If the environmental and social officers of construction supervision consultant and PPMU conclude that the status of permit application and any environmental protection and pollution control activities may not be suitable for work measures or they may lead to violations of environmental protection and pollution control requirements, they will promptly inform the Contractor and PPMU.

7.1.4.5. Reporting

In addition to the progress report, contractor must also provide reports on Environmental, Social, Health and Safety (ESHS) data as specified in Appendix B of the standard bidding dossier (SPD). In addition to the reports under Appendix B, Contractor must immediately inform the PPMU of the incident in the following categories. Full details of these incidents will be provided to the PPMU during the time agreed with the PPMU.

- Confirmed or potential violations of any law or international agreement;

- Any fatal or serious casualties (time damage);

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- Serious pollution of groundwater or damage or destruction of habitats or endangered and rare species (including protected areas); or

- Any allegations of sexual harassment or sex offenses, child abuse, defamation, or other violations involving children.

Table 7.5: Reporting requirements

No. Reported by Submitted to Frequency

Construction Immediately with incidents or 1 Contractors supervision accidents and monthly with consultant normal issues

Construction Immediately with incidents or 2 supervision PPMU accidents and monthly with consultant normal issues

When the community has Community complaints about the 4 PPMU monitoring committee implementation of the subproject's safety policy

Provincial Every six months complying with 5 PPMU DONRE and the government's environmental CPMU legal regulations

Every six months comply with 6 CPMU World Bank section II of the loan agreement

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) outlines the impact’s mitigation, monitoring and implementation measures that will be implemented throughout the construction and operation of the subproject to avoid or control adverse environmental and social impacts and actions necessary to implement mitigation measures. ESMP creates a useful link between adverse impact mitigation measures and ensures the implementation of those measures. 7.1.5. Grievance redress mechanism

Complaints related to any issues of the subproject will be resolved by negotiations to reach consensus. Complaints will go through three stages at the Commune, District and Provincial People's Committees before to be transferred to court. The Implementing unit (PPMU) will pay all administrative and legal fees related to the acceptance of complaints. These are included in the subproject budget. Complaint and complaint settlement procedures will be implemented as follows:

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a. Commune People's Committee: Affected people can bring their complaints to any member of the ward/commune People's Committee through the village chief, or directly to the ward/commune People's Committee in writing or orally. Members of the ward/commune People's Committee or village chief will inform the ward/commune People's Committee of the complaints. The ward/commune People's Committee will personally work with the affected people and make a decision on conciliation/settlement within 5 days from the date of receiving the complaint (about 15 days for the mountainous and remote areas). Secretary of the ward/commune People's Committee office is responsible for keeping records of all complaints that the People's Committee handles.

After a decision is made by the People's Committee, the relevant complainant may appeal within 30 days. In the case of a second decision, but the household is still not satisfied with it, they can appeal to the higher People's Committee. b. District People's Committee: After receiving a complaint from the complainant, the District People's Committee will have 15 days (or 30 days for remote areas) to resolve after receiving the complaint. The District People's Committee is responsible for submitting and archiving documents about all complaints which they handle.

After a decision is made by the District People's Committee, the complainant may appeal within 30 days. In the case of a second decision and the household is still not satisfied with it, they may appeal to the Provincial People's Committee according to the complaint procedure specified in the Law on Complaint 2011 and related documents.

c) Provincial People's Committee: Upon receipt of a complaint, the provincial people's committee will have 30 days (or 45 days for remote areas) from the date of receipt of the complaint to resolve. Provincial People's Committee is responsible for archiving documents on all complaints filed.

After a decision is made by the provincial people's committee, the complainant can appeal within 45 days. In case of the second decision is issued and the complainant is not satisfied with it, they can appeal to the court within 45 days. Provincial People's Committee will have to pay compensation to an account.

d) Provincial Court: In case the complainant brings their case to the provincial court and the court's rules are beneficial to the complainant, the provincial authority must increase the level of compensation to the extent that the court can approve. In case the Court's decision benefits the PPC, the complainant will be refunded the amount paid to the court.

The decision to resolve a complaint must be sent to the complainant and related parties and publicly posted at the competent People’s Committee’s headquarter. Complainant will receive such decision three days after a complaint resolution decision is made at the commune level and 7 days at the district or provincial level.

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Personnel: Environmental and resettlement staff selected by PPMU will design and maintain a database of subproject-related complaints from affected households, including information such as: the nature of the complaint, the source and date of the complaint, the name and address of the complainant, the action plan, and the current status.

For verbal complaints, the reception/mediation committee will record these requests in a complaint form at the first meeting with the affected person.

7.1.5.2. Contractors and Construction supervision consultant

During the construction, the grievance redress mechanism will also be managed by contractors under the supervision of CSC. Contractors will inform affected communities and communes of the availability of a grievance redress mechanism to solve subproject-related complaints and concerns. This will be done through community consultation and information disclosure processes whereby contractors will regularly communicate with affected communities and relevant agencies. Meetings will be held at least quarterly, monthly, project information leaflets will be published, notices will be posted on the local media, and notices of upcoming activities will be posted etc.

All complaints and corresponding actions taken by contractors will be recorded in the subproject monitoring report. Complaints and claim for damages can be made through the following forms:

- Verbal: directly to the CSC and / or the contractor's security guard or representative at the regional office.

- In writing: by handing or filing a complaint to specific addresses.

- By phone, fax, e-mail: to CSC, security guards or contractors' representatives.

- Upon receipt of a complaint, the CSC and the contractor's safety officers or representatives will register the complaint in the complaint file and will record the subsequent facts related to the complaint, until when the complaint is resolved. Immediately after receiving the complaint, it is necessary to copy the complaint into 4 copies. The original will be stored in the file, a copy will be kept by the contractor's safety officer, a copy will be sent to the CSC and the last copy will be sent to Kon Tum PPMU within 24 hours of receiving the complaint.

The information recorded in the complaint will include: - Date and time of complaint. - Name, address and contact details of the complainant.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 219 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - Short description of complaint. - Actions are taken to resolve complaints, including contacts and discoveries at each stage in the complaint resolution process. - The date and time when the complainant is contacted during the resolution process. - Final decision of complaint. - The date, time and form in which the complainant is notified. - Signature of complainant when a decision is made.

Small complaints will be resolved within a week. Within two weeks (and every week later), the written response will be sent to the complainant (directly, by post office, fax, e-mail) stating the procedures to be performed and the progress by date.

The main goal is to solve the problem as quickly as possible by the simplest means, involving as few people as possible and at the lowest possible level. Only when the problem cannot be solved at the simplest level and/or within 15 days, other authorities will participate. Such situation may arise, for example, when the damage is claimed, the amount of payment requested cannot be resolved, or the cause of the damage is determined.

7.1.5.3. World Bank's grievance redress mechanism

World Bank's grievance redress mechanism: Individuals and communities believe that if a subproject supported by the World Bank adversely affects their lives, they can submit their complaint to the grievance redress mechanism at the current subproject level or the World Bank's Grievance redress committee. This organization ensures that complaints submitted will be promptly reviewed to solve issues that related to subproject. Any individual or organization affected by the subproject may file a complaint with the World Bank's Independent Inspection Board to determine if any damage has occurred or is likely to occur, due to non-compliance with World Bank's policies and procedures. Complaints may be made at any time when the issue is of interest to the World Bank and Management will be responsible for responding. For more information on how to file a complaint with the World Bank' Grievance Redress Service (GRS), please visit www.worldbank.org/grs. For more information on how to file a complaint with the World Bank's Inspection Board, please visit www.inspectionpanel.org. 7.1.6. ESMP implementation plan 7.1.6.1. Plan to implement the Contractor's environmental and social management plan

- Immediately after signing the contract, based on the approved ESIA's report and construction method of the subproject, the construction plan approved by CSC and PPMU, the Contractor prepares the ESMP of the bidding package and submits to PPMU for review and approval.

- After ESMP is approved, the contractor will implement measures to mitigate environmental and social impacts in place.

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- Prepare a public information board at the entrance of the construction site, including addresses, representatives, phone numbers of stakeholders for local community to follow and contact when needed.

- Assign staff in charge of environment and safety, training knowledge about the environment and safety and workers' health.

- Survey, check the environmental status in the site, report to CSC/PPMU if there are significant differences compared to the environment.

- Sign contracts with authorized units to handle domestic waste, hazardous waste, etc. and supply clean water.

- Manage workers and construction equipment and issue new certificates in case of expiration.

- Implement ESMP and update; submit to CSC/PPMU for approval if there are changes before applying.

- Coordinate with PPMU and CSC to resolve complaints of people about environmental and safety issues of the bidding package in a timely manner.

- Report on EMSP implementation monthly.

7.1.6.2 Starting the subproject and personnel

The contractor's environmental safety staff must be trained in relevant rules and must have a certificate of occupational health and safety and work full-time on the site.

Provide training on occupational health and safety for workers and regularly perform health and safety protection checks on construction sites. 7.1.7. Capacity building and training

7.1.7.1. Training on safety policies

The PPMU appointed a staff to take responsibility for the implementation of the subproject environmental safety. This environmental officer participated in World Bank's training courses on safety policy organized by the World Bank and the CPMU at the beginning of the project implementation. However, the necessary training and capacity development is carried out annually through the technical assistance activities of the World Bank's safety policy officials, focusing on new requirements on safety policies. As new environmental, social, health and safety (ESHS) requirements are included in the standard bidding documents, training on ESHS requirements will be provided by the World Bank's environmental and social officials to the PPMU, construction supervision consultant and contractor's environmental and social officers as soon as they are mobilized and the PPMU will be responsible for organizing this training in conjunction with the World Bank's safety policy staff.

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7.1.7.2 Training on occupational safety and health

The terms will be made to provide occupational health and safety orientation training for all new workers to ensure they are informed about the basic site regulations of site work and personal protection and injury prevention for colleagues.

Training will include basic hazard awareness, specific hazards, safe labor practices, and emergency procedures for fire, evacuation, and natural disasters appropriately. Any particular hazard or used color code will be considered thoroughly as part of orientation training.

7.1.7.3 Orientation for visitors

If visitors are allowed to access areas with presence of hazardous conditions or substances, visitor orientation and control program will be established to ensure they do not enter hazardous areas without a companion.

7.1.7.4. Training of contractors and new workers

The PPMU will ensure that workers and contractors, prior to conducting new jobs, receive training and complete information, so that they can understand job hazards and protect themselves from surrounding hazardous factors that may be present. Training will include:

- Understanding of materials, equipment and tools

- Understanding of the hazards in operation and how to control them

- Potential health risks

- Warnings to prevent exposure

- Hygiene requirements

- Wear and use protective clothing and equipment

- Appropriately respond to harsh operating states, incidents and accidents

7.1.7.5. Basic occupational health and safety training

A basic training program and intensive courses will be taken when necessary, to ensure that workers are directed to the specific hazards of individual job tasks. Training will generally be provided to managers, supervisors, workers, and casual visitors to risky and dangerous areas.

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Through appropriate contract terms and monitoring, the PPMU will ensure that service providers, as well as contract and sub-contract workers, will be fully trained before the work begins.

The PPMU will be responsible for coordinating with the construction supervision consultant and the environment and social officer of the contractor to organize the above training courses. 7.2 Environmental monitoring plan 7.2.1 Monitoring compliance with mitigation measures

PPMU and the construction supervision consultant (CSC) will monitor compliance with standards. PPMU and CSC will be responsible for monitoring contractor's activities with agreed mitigation measures. Results will be summarized in the monthly report.

Local authorities in 12 communes and communities in 14 reservoirs will carry out monitoring tasks according to the regulations of the Government, the Law on Environmental Protection 2014 and Decree 80/2005/ND-CP - Regulations on community investment supervision.

In addition, the Contractor's environmental safeguard staff will be responsible for day-to-day supervision of occupational safety and environmental sanitation at the site and report to CSC. Detailed monitoring plan will be prepared in the detailed design phase. The cost of the monitoring program will be included in the cost of ESMP implementation.

7.2.1.1 Ambient quality monitoring a) Periodic monitoring:

Ambient quality monitoring program such as air quality, soil and water provide information that can be used to assess the effectiveness of pollution management strategies. A systematic planning process is recommended to ensure that the data collected is consistent with their intended purpose (and to avoid unnecessary data collection). This process, sometimes called the data quality target process, determines the purpose of data collection, decisions based on the data and consequences of making the wrong decisions, time and geographic boundaries and the quality of data needed to make an accurate decision. The ambient quality monitoring program will consider the following factors:

- Monitoring parameters: The selected monitoring parameters must reflect the worrying pollutants related to Subproject procedures.

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- Type and frequency of monitoring: Data on ambient quality generated through the monitoring program must represent pollutants emitted by the Subproject over time. Monitoring time and week can also be arranged continuously to less frequently, monthly, quarterly or yearly.

- Monitoring positions: Monitoring of ambient quality may include external supervision or at the subproject boundary by the owner, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment, or by cooperation between both parties. The location of monitoring stations should be established based on the results of scientific methods and mathematical models to estimate the potential impacts on receptors from emission sources, taking into account aspects such as the location of potentially affected communities.

- Methods of sampling and analysis: Monitoring programs should apply national or international methods to collect and analyze samples, as the standards published by the International Standards Organization (ISO). Sampling must be conducted by or under the supervision of trained personnel. The analysis will be authorized units or certified for this purpose. Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) plans for sampling and analysis must be applied and proven by documents to ensure data quality is consistent with the intended use of the data (for example, detection limit methods lower than the level of interest). Monitoring reports should include QA/QC documents.

Noise monitoring can be done to establish the current level of ambient noise in the proposed subproject area, or to check the noise level of operation phase. Noise monitoring programs need to be designed and implemented by trained professionals. Typical monitoring cycles should be sufficient for statistical analysis and may last for 48 hours with the use of noise monitoring devices which can record data continuously during this time, or hourly, or more frequently, if appropriate (or include different time periods in a few days, including working days in the week and weekend). Negative index recorded depends on the type of noise being monitored, established by a noise specialist. The device should be placed about 1.5 m above the ground and not more than 3m away for any reflective surface (for example: walls). In general, noise level limits are expressed by ambient noise level or background noise level in case no noise source is being investigated.

a. Details of the environmental monitoring plan in the construction phase are shown in the following table:

Table 7.6: Environmental monitoring plan during construction

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Applied Responsibility Observed national for Environment Location Frequency parameters technical implementing regulations

Air quality Perform Every 3 QCVN QCVN PPMU measurement months 05:2013 05:2013/BTNMT and /BTNMT: sampling at PM10, PM 03 locations 2.5. of each work/14 work areas

Noise Perform Every 3 Equivalent QCVN PPMU measurement months noise 26:2010/BTNMT and (dBA) sampling at 03 locations of each work/14 work areas

Surface water 02 samples Every 3 pH, DO, QCVN 08-MT: PPMU quality (01 before months COD, 2015/BTNMT and 01 after BOD5, construction) TSS, Total in 14 N, oil, reservoirs grease, Total P, Total Coliforms

The construction time of each work is expected to be 24 months on average; the location of periodic monitoring sampling coincides with the sampled position during ESIA implementation. During the implementation process, depending on the construction condition of items, the position of environmental quality monitoring can be adjusted to suit reality. Detailed estimates are in Appendix 10.

b. Environmental monitoring plan in the first year of operation phase:

- Monitoring environment: Surface water quality.

- Number of samples: 02 samples.

- Location: 01 sample in the reservoir and 01 sample in the downstream of the reservoir.

- Monitoring frequency: every 3 months.

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- Monitoring parameters: pH, DO, COD, BOD5, TSS, Total N, Oil, Fat, Total P, Total Coliforms.

- Reference standards: QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT.

- Responsibility for implementing: PPMU. b) Incident monitoring:

The purpose of this monitoring is to assess the level of soil and water pollution caused by unexpected emissions such as discharging waste water and waste oil into nearby water sources and land and make timely decisions on pollution control to reduce environmental risks.

An incident monitoring plan will be developed by CSC in the first phase of subproject implementation and submitted to PPMU for approval. This plan will identify potential environmental risks due to the discharge of wastes such as waste water and waste oil into nearby water sources. The plan also identifies resources to monitor this issue, such as staff, equipment, locations and monitoring parameters, analytical methods, specialized laboratories, and estimates.

7.2.1.2. Dam safety monitoring

Once the reservoirs have been filled with water and the dams started working, the dam-owners are responsible for the dam safety monitoring. This assignment is carried out by qualified independent experts who did not participate in the investigation, survey, design, construction or operation of the dams. After the dams regularly operate, the monitoring stages are kept periodically, including the safety inspections prior and after flood seasons every year in accordance with the Government's Decree (Decree No. 114/2018/ND-CP) on Dam and Reservoir Safety Management. 7.2.2. Estimated cost

The estimate for ESMP implementation monitoring is shown in the table below. The cost of implementing mitigation measures will be included in construction costs.

Table 7.7: Estimated costs for ESMP implementation and training monitoring

No. Item Cost (VND)

Monitoring implementation of environmental and 1 1,114,258,500 social management plan (Details in Appendix 10)

2 Capacity building (Details in Appendix 9) 184,000,000

3 Total 1,298,258,500

Community participation in the ESIA implementation is completely voluntary for the benefit of communities and households themselves. Therefore, the people involved in monitoring the ESMP will not be paid. However, to encourage community

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Environmental treatment works and cost estimates are listed in the following table:

Table 7.8: Cost estimate for environmental treatment facilities, prevention of environmental incidents

Quanti ty 14 Unit price Amount No. Name of work Unit reservo (VND) (VND) irs

1 Toilet with 3-compartment septic Toilet 14 12,000,000 168,000,000 tank

2 Domestic solid waste bins Bin 28 1,400,000 39,200,000

4 Fire extinguisher system Extingu 28 250,000 7,000,000 isher

5 System of traffic signs, fire ban, Set 42 600,000 25,200,000 danger, etc.

6 Equip personal protection Set 80 250,000 20,000,000 equipment

Wastewater collection and 7 System 14 3,000,000 42,000,000 drainage system

Total 301,400,000

These facilities have been installed since the subproject started construction and used during construction. The cost of environmental treatment facilities during the construction phase will be borne by the contractor (estimated at VND 301,400,000).

Table 7.9: Funding for monitoring implementation of ESMP

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Funding Contents Cost Source

(a) Implementing mitigation Part of the construction contract WB measures during construction

(b) Monitoring compliance with Part of the cost of Construction WB safety policies during construction Supervision Consultant (CSC)

(c) PMU activities on implementing Counterpart Part of the cost of the PMU environmental safeguard policies fund

(d) Environmental quality Cost of environmental WB monitoring monitoring leasing

(e) Capacity building program on Cost of training WB safety policy

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Table 7.10: Summary of mitigation measures during subproject implementation Phase Environmental and Mitigation measures Location Applied Reduced Implementation Monitoring social issues standard expenses agency agency Pre-construction phase Clearing vegetation on - Only clearing on the Subproject Compensation Affected head of PPMU and land areas temporarily defined area. area and land a household district, and permanently - Utilizing plant waste as clearance commune PC acquired raw materials or fuel. - Collecting unused vegetable waste and transport it to the local landfill. - Restoring vegetation as soon as possible to maintain the landscape, microclimate conditions, and habitat of local animals. Land acquisition: the Compensation, support and The entire Law on Land VND People's PPMU and implementation of resettlement for people subproject area No. 1,450,286,563 Committees of local subproject items will affected by losses of land, is affected 45/2013/QH13, subproject communities permanently acquire houses, income and assets. related decrees districts and 30,371.2 m2 land of Implementation of site and circulars. communes 68 households. In clearance compensation will addition, the comply with the updated subproject also resettlement plan of the temporarily affects subproject 12,974 m2 land managed by the CPCs. Statistical loss of structures: the subproject affects 04 aquaculture ponds with a total area of 1,937.9 m2, including

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Phase Environmental and Mitigation measures Location Applied Reduced Implementation Monitoring social issues standard expenses agency agency 02 fish ponds at the dam foot within the work safety corridor with the area of 730 m2 of 02 households and 02 fish ponds outside the scope of work safety corridor with area of 1,207.9 m2 of 02 households. All ponds have manual embankment structures with their bank height of less than 1m, which are statistically compensated for people's digging efforts. Mine risk Ensuring safe distance and The entire QCVN UXOs cost Functional PPMU warnings for people during subproject area 01:2012/BQP military units in the implementation in is affected QCVN the area accordance with QCVN 02:2008/BCT 01:2012/BQP-National Circular No. technical regulation on mine 146/2007/TT- action and QCVN BQP 02:2008/BCT-National technical regulation on safety in the storage, transportation, use and disposal of industrial explosive materials.

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Phase Environmental and Mitigation measures Location Applied Reduced Implementation Monitoring social issues standard expenses agency agency Pollution of After drilling for geological The entire QCVN 09-MT: FS preparation FS consultant PPMU groundwater on exploration, the design subproject area 2015 cost geological exploration surveyors will fill drilled is affected drilling holes and repair the ground in the areas to minimize washing dirt via drilled holes which may affect the underground water quality. Construction phase The common - Environmental Codes of The whole Current laws, Included in Contractors PPMU, environmental and Practice (ECOP). affected decrees, construction supervision social impacts are - Measures to minimize subproject area circulars and costs consultant, related to construction specific impacts. includes national independent activities and specific construction technical supervision impacts sites, regulations consultant of transportation WBG's the CPMU, routes, environmental, Provincial material health and Department of mines. safety Natural guidelines Resources and Environment, local community. Operation stages Risk of drowning - Equipping signage and Reservoir Official Operating costs Irrigation Kon Tum installing dangerous warning areas Document No. of reservoirs management Management systems on dams and 5675/BGDDT- stations in Boards of reservoirs. GDTC dated districts Irrigation - Propagating the risk of November 30, Works.; drowning for communities 2017. Department of living around the reservoirs. Document No. Agricultural 1123/UBQGTE and Rural of the National Development

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Phase Environmental and Mitigation measures Location Applied Reduced Implementation Monitoring social issues standard expenses agency agency Committee on Children dated March 21, 2019. Domestic waste from - Limit activities that generate Reservoir area Decree Operating costs Irrigation Kon Tum activities of reservoir solid waste and wastewater. 38/2015/ND-CP of reservoirs management Management operators and visitors - No littering. stations in Boards of - Waste must be collected and districts Irrigation transported to the local Works.; landfill. Department of - Wastewater must be Agricultural collected into settling pits and Rural before being discharged into Development the outside environment. - If the reservoir operator is present regularly on the reservoir, septic toilet needs to be built. Repairs and - Notify downstream people Reservoir area Decree Operating costs Irrigation Kon Tum maintenance may about the annual repair and and 114/2018 / ND- of reservoirs management Management result in reduced maintenance plan. downstream CP on Safety stations in Boards of water supply for - Perform periodic repair and area management of districts Irrigation downstream maintenance activities for a dams and Works.; short period of time and at the reservoirs Department of time of lowest water demand. Agricultural - Carry out measures to and Rural maintain water supply during Development repair to ensure there is no interruption of water supply. Implement an - Support Plant Protection Reservoir area The programs Department of Department of integrated pest control Stations in Kon Tum and are implemented Agriculture and Agriculture plan. province in strengthening downstream by the Branches Rural and Rural pest and pesticide area of Crop Development Development, management; Production and (Branch of Crop People's

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Phase Environmental and Mitigation measures Location Applied Reduced Implementation Monitoring social issues standard expenses agency agency - Strengthen environmental Plant Protection Production and Committees protection, food safety and and the Plant Protection, of districts hygiene; Agricultural Extension and cities. - Improve understanding for Extension Center) farmers in the Subproject Centers. area. Regulate reservoirs - Prepare an emergency Reservoir area Decree Operating costs Irrigation Kon Tum and flood discharge in response plan as part of the and 114/2018 / ND- of reservoirs management Management case of big floods dam safety report. downstream CP on Safety stations in Boards of affecting downstream - Management and operation area management of districts Irrigation units should promptly and dams and Works.; accurately notify flood reservoirs Department of discharge plans so that the Agricultural community can take initiative and Rural in grasping and responding. Development - At times when insecurity is likely to occur such as stormy season, it is necessary to send people to regularly monitor and be on duty to ensure proper water regulation. - Building safety corridors for flood discharge, on the basis of impact prediction scenarios; specific solutions are detailed in the Dam safety report and emergency response plan. Risks of natural - The reservoir management Reservoir area Decree Operating costs Irrigation Kon Tum disasters causing and operation unit regularly and 114/2018 / ND- of reservoirs management Management insecurity check the safety of the downstream CP on Safety stations in Boards of reservoir. area management of districts Irrigation - Strictly follow the operating dams and Works.;

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Phase Environmental and Mitigation measures Location Applied Reduced Implementation Monitoring social issues standard expenses agency agency procedures to ensure the reservoirs Department of reservoir safety. Agricultural - The reservoir management and Rural and operation units work Development closely with the Commune People's Committee and local people to promptly report risks related to dam safety to take timely measures. - Local people and authorities take initiative in community- based disaster response plans. - Develop scenarios for forecasting impacts on space due to dam breakage, migration options, safety measures for life and community property in emergency situations etc., details are shown in the Dam safety report and emergency response plan of the Subproject.

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Table 7.11: ESMP budget allocation

Component of ESMP Funding Cost estimates (VND)

Under construction Included in the contract Implement mitigation measures budget of the with contractors Subproject (WB)

Funding for safety training and capacity Under management building, including expert hire, training budget of the 184.000.000 materials and equipment, supporting fees for Subproject (WB) students

Funding for Environmental Management Under management Consulting includes: observation, monitoring budget of the 1.114.258.500 and reporting funding Subproject (WB)

Under management Included in the operating Funding for EMP management budget of the budget of PPMU Subproject (WB)

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CHAPTER 8: COMMUNITY CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 8.1. Purpose and method

In the process of environmental and social impact assessment, public consultation and information disclosure are conducted to ensure the consent of the government, local NGOs and affected communities in the subproject area. Community participation is one of the basic conditions to ensure the support of the government and local communities to the project and include opinions and comments in the report. Through community consultation, unspecified adverse social and environment impacts and mitigation measures can be recorded and included in the environmental and social impact assessment report. In fact, if the community comments early in the project preparation process, the relationship between the community and the project staff becomes closer. On that basis, the community can contribute valuable proposals to the project.

Purpose of community consultation

Consultation with the participation of local authorities and affected people in the project area at the stage of preparation and implementation of environmental management plans, environmental and social impact assessment reports is to provide the necessary information, to better understand the project; impacts, effects of implementation, and possible preventive and mitigation measures on the community and surrounding environment, in particular:

- Clarify the issues discussed in the first phase of the subproject;

- Notice the benefits achieved when the subproject is implemented;

- Point out the responsibilities and awareness of the parties, the beneficiaries in the subproject area during the implementation process;

- Encourage community participation in identifying the environmental impacts of the subproject;

- Gather information on the needs and reactions of local people and authorities for project development and proposals to minimize the environmental impact of the project or consider adjustment in the technical design period;

- World Bank's Safeguard Policy (OP / BP 4.01) on environmental assessment requires affected groups, local NGOs and authorities must receive notification and consultation during the preparation of environmental and social impact assessment.

Implementation of public consultations during the preparation of ESIA reports of the Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum province meets the requirements of the World Bank's Safeguard Policy and in accordance with the requirements of Decree No. 18/2015/ND-CP dated February 14, 2015 of the Government and Circular No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT dated May 29, 2015 of the

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Community consultation provides opportunities for affected people to participate in all phases of project implementation. Feedback from the consultations will be reviewed and integrated into the project design and impact mitigation measures. Consultation will be conducted during implementation as a necessary condition to solve problems arising in project implementation such as environmental and social impacts etc. affecting groups, such as:

- Representatives of villages and hamlets may be affected;

- Representatives of affected households, communities living near the construction site;

- People's Committee representatives at all levels;

- Representatives of mass organizations, Women's Union, Farmer's Association etc.

Basic principles of community consultation:

Facilitate the participation of affected people and local authorities in the project area as soon as possible;

Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum Province has been consulted twice with the community:

- First: Immediately after the environmental screening has been completed and before the TOR is completed, a report on environmental and social impact assessment has been completed.

- Second: After the first draft of the ESIA report is prepared.

Apply different methods and techniques to conduct community consultations and consultations with people affected by the subproject, including:

- Community meetings

- Household surveys

- Focus on group discussion, field monitoring and key informant interviews. The use of these methods and techniques is to enhance the reliability and effectiveness of feedback from the subproject stakeholders, especially the affected local people and to ensure that (i) APs receive sufficient information about the subproject; and (ii) all AP are involved in the process of free consultation, advance notice and provided complete information during the preparation and implementation process.

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Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum province, according to the World Bank's policy (OP/BP 4.01) on environmental assessment will require public consultation twice during the environmental and social impact assessment process. The environmental consultant has worked closely with PPMU, local authorities and communities in the area affected by the project to conduct community consultations to meet the WB's requirements.

According to the preliminary design report of the Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum province, 14 reservoirs are scattered in 06 districts/city including Dak Ha, Dak To, Ngoc Hoi, Dak Glei, Sa Thay and Kon Tum city. Before consultation in each commune and residential area, PPMU organize joint meetings in provinces and districts to introduce and collect comments from the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Department of Construction, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Planning and Investment etc. and specialized departments of the district People's Committees for the subproject.

At the consultation in each commune, the consultant provides an overview of the subproject, identifies the residential area within the project area, collects information on the current status of local sanitation, discusses potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures, builds and coordinates with local authorities in organizing consultations in the subproject area. At the same time, the consultant also sends an official dispatch asking for consultations with relevant agencies.

The developed consultation process and the effective participation plan of all beneficiaries and affected stakeholders are important works of the Subproject, including identifying who will benefit or be affected by the subproject implementation. The consultant engaged in professional operations works directly in the locality to gather information about community feedback on proposed project investments in implementation and monitoring processes. During this period, community consultation meetings in 12 communes were organized with the participation of the following stakeholders:

- Representatives of local authorities from 12 communes under the subproject

- Mass organizations: Fatherland Front, Women's Union, Youth Union, Farmer's Union; etc.

- Representatives of households in the project area including households who are likely to be acquired land, benefiting households.

Issues that have been consulted and exchanged by the Environmental consultant include:

(i) Introducing the subproject items and components;

(ii) Overview of local socio-economic status;

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(iv) Screening/assessing potential impacts that may occur in project implementation at the preparation stage, construction phase and operation phase which may affect the environment, socio-economic life, culture of people in the region;

(v) Consulting community opinion on impacts and mitigation measures.

The process of direct consultation at the community and the CPC is from August 1, 2018 to August 25, 2018; The official dispatch of PPMU has been sent to the community for consultation in the process of preparing the ESIA report.

During the finalization of the Environmental and social impact assessment report (ESIA) of Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement subproject in Kon Tum province, the PPMU sends official dispatch to the Commune People's Committees for comments of local authorities, Fatherland Front, mass organizations and communities about the content of the ESIA. 8.2.1. Summary of the process of organizing consultation with CPC, organizations

Implementation of Environmental Safeguard Policy of WB, Law on Environmental Protection 2014 of Vietnam and Circular 27/2015/TT-BTNMT dated May 29, 2015. Representative of Owner, Management Board of Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Project (WB8) in Kon Tum province sent official dispatch on consultation with the community in the process of making and appraising the Environmental impact assessment report of Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject to local People's Committees located in the project implementation area. The direct consultation meetings are conducted from August 1 to August 25, 2018, participants include local government leaders and community representatives.

Table 2. List of localities conducting consultations

No. Local name Reservoirs District

1 Dak La Ca Sam

C3 2 Ha Mon C4

C3 (704) Dak Ha 3 Dak Mar A1 Team 4

4 Dak Ngok C2

5 Dak Hring Hamlet 9

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 239 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE

No. Local name Reservoirs District

6 Po Ko Kon Tu Zop Dak To

7 Bo Y Dak Ho Nieng Ngoc Hoi

8 Dak Choong Dak Tin Dak Glei

9 Sa Nghia Dak Ngot

10 Ho Moong Team 5 Sa Thay

11 Mo Rai Ya Xang

12 Hoa Binh Ia Bang Thuong Kon Tum city

Participants of the consultations are representatives of the government and mass organizations (Farmers' Union, Women's Union, Fatherland Front, Commune Land survey); representatives of PMU and environmental and technical consultants.

The main contents of the consultation session include: Introducing the subproject such as objectives, location, scale and project implementation plan; technical design plans of the project; and policies related to environmental protection, compensation, support and clearance/resettlement of the Government of Vietnam, the World Bank and the Project.

WB8 PMU in Kon Tum province, with the support of environmental, social and resettlement consultants, consulted on environmental safeguard and mitigation measures; compensation and resettlement with stakeholders including officials from the Commune People's Committee, leaders of population groups and local people in the affected area.

After a field survey, the consultant team met with local authorities to report all survey/consultancy results. At the same time, the consultants gathered relevant information, advantages and disadvantages, lessons learned and propose measures for the resettlement plan and set up monitoring indicators and continued the implementation in the next stages.

Subsequent consultations are carried out during the finalization of the Environmental and social impact assessment report of Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement subproject in Kon Tum province, the PPMU sends official dispatch to the Commune People's Committees for comments of local authorities, unions and communities about the content of the ESIA. The report states the work design, construction items, scale, environmental and social impacts that may occur as well as measures to mitigate impacts during the preparation, construction and operation phases at 14 reservoirs. After reading the ESIA report, the representatives of the local government give feedback to the PPMU, stating the comments of the authorities, unions and communities on the impacts and appropriate mitigation measures for the environment and society.

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After working with the People's Committees and the communal agencies on the issues consulted with the communities, the People's Committees coordinate to convene a consultation meeting with the community directly affected by the project. The participants in the meeting are:

+ Representatives of local government

+ Representatives of the local Fatherland Front Committees.

+ Representatives of communities, households affected and benefited by the project

+ Representatives of the Owner, the consultant.

Community consultation meetings are conducted in the following order: The Owner reads the dispatch content which has been sent. Present summary content of the Project; The environmental and social impacts of the Project, which specify activities, expected impacts and propose mitigation measures during implementation. Discussion and responses to comments and recommendations as well as questions of representatives of the government, local communities participated in the meeting on issues of the subproject. The community is consulted and actively participates in discussions about the need for development, as well as the awareness and responsibility of the project's goals. Affected people (APs) are consulted about the impacts and measures applied to minimize negative impacts and improve benefits. Local authorities, residents around the project area are consulted on agreements and commitments to implement policies related to resettlement.

In addition to the consultation meeting, the consultant also conducts field surveys, exchanges directly with people around the reservoir to collect information, ask for comments on the environment and social issues during project implementation. 8.3 Consultation results 8.3.1. Comments of Commune People's Committees and local organizations and unions

The consultation meeting results are summarized below (details of the consultation minutes in the appendix):

- In all communes under the subproject, the most concerned issue by the local authorities is statistics, compensation for the local people both in land and properties on the land. The authorities request the owner to closely coordinate with the localities for exact statistics of land and properties on the land and to have appropriate compensation plans in accordance with the provisions of law and the province.

- The issues of transporting materials, vehicle loads, construction machines when passing through inter-village roads to the works are also greatly concerned by the localities; construction units are requested to use small-load vehicles to

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- All localities require construction units to set up and announce the construction plan, install signs, safety belts, lighting at the works to ensure traffic safety in the areas.

- The authorities also suggest that during the implementation, it is necessary to strictly manage the workforce, minimizing possible conflicts that may cause disorder and security in the areas.

- During the construction, local authorities want the construction units to pay attention to the farmer's harvest time of crops to minimize losses.

- Local authorities and unions want the contractor to announce the construction plan 6 months in advance to the AHs so farmers can arrange suitable crops and livestock.

- The contractor should minimize all delays in construction progress to avoid direct impacts on households' income and daily life.

- Minimize dust and noise when transporting materials collected from the construction site

- The project owner must have a representative at the construction site to closely manage the contractor's activities and ensure the contact points so that people can contact in case of an emergency.

Number of delegates attending the meetings:

Table 8.1. Summary of consultations performed

Number of Number of Number of No. Commune Location Participants EM female participants participants participants

1 Dak La – Commune Representatives Dak Ha PC's of commune district headquarter People's Committees, mass 15 3 2 organizations, affected households and benefited households

Ha Mon Commune Representatives 2 commune PC's of commune 21 0 5 – Dak Ha headquarter People's

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Number of Number of Number of No. Commune Location Participants EM female participants participants participants district Committees, mass organizations, affected households and benefited households

3 Dak Mar Commune Representatives commune PC's of commune – Dak Ha headquarter People's district Committees, mass 24 0 8 organizations, affected households and benefited households

4 Dak Ngok Commune Representatives commune PC's of commune – Dak Ha headquarter People's district Committees, mass 17 0 3 organizations, affected households and benefited households

5 Dak Hring Commune Representatives – Dak Ha PC's of commune district; headquarter People's Committees, mass 15 5 4 organizations, affected households and benefited households

6 Po Ko Commune Representatives commune PC's of commune 32 19 9 – Dak To headquarter People's district Committees,

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Number of Number of Number of No. Commune Location Participants EM female participants participants participants mass organizations, affected households and benefited households

7 Bo Y Commune Representatives commune PC's of commune - Ngoc headquarter People's Hoi Committees, district mass 17 5 3 organizations, affected households and benefited households

8 Dak Commune Representatives Choong PC's of commune commune headquarter People's – Dak Glei Committees, district mass 16 11 5 organizations, affected households and benefited households

9 Sa Nghia Commune Representatives commune PC's of commune - Sa Thay headquarter People's district Committees, mass organizations, 21 2 7 affected households and benefited households

10 Ho Moong Commune Representatives commune PC's of commune 33 21 11 – Sa Thay headquarter People's

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Number of Number of Number of No. Commune Location Participants EM female participants participants participants District Committees, mass organizations, affected households and benefited households

11 Mo Rai Commune Representatives commune PC's of commune – Sa Thay headquarter People's district Committees, mass 13 11 2 organizations, affected households and benefited households

12 Hoa Binh Commune Representatives commune PC's of commune - Kon Tum headquarter People's province Committees, mass 29 2 12 organizations, affected households and benefited households 8.3.2. Community's opinions

The results of the community consultation meeting with local people in the project areas show that people are quite active in expressing opinions and suggestions related to the item implementation, potential environmental and social issues; mitigation measures which should be applied and are highly feasible in the project site. The results of the community consultation meeting in the communes in the project area are summarized below.

- The primary concern of local people is the compensation, support and time of compensation. They want to receive full disclosure of compensation and support policies so they can know the compensation options and have opportunities to choose.

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 245 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE - People also have many opinions on the transportation of rock and materials; They request dust control measures should be applied during construction to avoid affecting people's health and daily life.

- They suggest it is necessary to arrange reasonable timing during construction, ensure sufficient irrigation water for planting crops in the year, especially paddy and coffee.

- The construction unit should establish and announce construction plan, install signs, lighting at construction sites, gather materials to ensure traffic safety. Most of the roads to the dam are the only roads of the locality, so it is required that contractor regularly check traffic safety, especially during school start and finish times.

- Local residents want the contractor to announce the construction plan 6 months in advance to the AHs so farmers can arrange suitable crops and livestock.

- Project management, contractors should regularly keep people updated on local construction progress so they can arrange their daily work and life to minimize inconvenience during construction. It is necessary to provide a reasonable rolling method of construction to avoid rampant construction on the entire site to narrow the affected area.

- Provide the necessary support for household businesses that are directly or indirectly affected by the construction.

- Minimize all delays in construction progress to avoid direct impacts on households' income and daily life.

- Minimize dust and noise when transporting materials collected from the construction site, especially speed and load when driving on village roads.

- The project owner must have a solution to well manage the workforce, limit conflicts with local people, and absolutely not allow gambling and social evils. 8.4. Subproject owner's commitment

After listening and receiving feedbacks from local authorities and representatives of local communities, the PPMU's representative of Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum province has made specific commitments to the locality as follows:

- Regarding resettlement compensation and social impacts, the PMU commits to coordinate with the authorities at all levels and related units to comply with the provisions of Vietnamese law, World Bank's policies and price regulation of Kon Tum province; Ensure compensation for the right people, the right area and meet local people's expectation.

- Regarding comments on environmental sanitation and public health: The PPMU commits to take measures to force the construction units to fully implement the mitigation measures given in the ESIA report. At the same time, the project will

Consultant unit: Joint-venture's Representative - Viet Environment Company Limited 246 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF "DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT" SUBPROJECT (WB8) IN KON TUM PROVINCE coordinate with the locality to publicize activities, impacts and measures to mitigate the Project's impacts to local people.

- Regarding traffic safety, with the aim of minimizing the impact of traffic congestion, traffic insecurity, community facility damage due to construction activities, transportation of materials, soil and rock, the contractor commits to apply mitigation measures according to the content of the prepared ESIA report.

- During construction, vehicles should transport materials in accordance with the prescribed load of the vehicle and at the prescribed speed on each transportation route. Materials are covered during transportation.

- The PPMU will ask the contractors to commit to local authorities in ensuring the quality of traffic in the area, repair if damage or subsidence occurs.

- Closely coordinate with the authorities of the communes in the construction area during the construction to solve arising problems and ensure area security.

- The PPMU requires all contractors to have appropriate construction solutions so as not to affect the water supply for agricultural cultivation and the daily activities of the reservoir downstream.

- Regarding construction progress: The progress of construction items should meet the set schedule.

- The PPMU will require the project's Design consultant to design to ensure the convenience of the local people in accessing community facilities.

- The PPMU and the construction units will restore the environment to its original state after construction. Commit to dredge, clear the flow and revert the current situation to the canals around the construction site of dams, culverts, management roads and dam embankments.

- The PPMU will direct and supervise the Construction contractors to fully implement the measures to minimize adverse environmental and social impacts as committed. 8.5. Information Disclosure

Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum province complies with the World Bank's policy on access to information and current regulations of the Government of Vietnam. Specifically, the subproject information is disclosed to local people and authorities through media in the subproject area, in which safeguard documents are disclosed to locally-affected people, and local NGOs and authorities as follows:

a) Draft reports on Environmental and social impact assessment, Resettlement action plan have been sent to locally-affected people, local NGOs and authorities for review and comments before conducting direct community consultation meetings.

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CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND COMMITMENT 1. Conclusion

The "Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum province" carried out in 12 communes of 06 districts/cities of Kon Tum province is consistent with irrigation planning, ensuring safety for local people living in the reservoir downstream and facilitating socio-economic development for local people. At the same time, strengthening national, provincial and local capacities for disaster prevention, disaster preparedness and mitigation.

After going into operation, the subproject will ensure work safety in water storage and flood prevention for the downstream. In addition, due to fixing the leak of sewer drains, water supply for agricultural production and daily life is ensured according to the original design.

Ensuring water supply for agricultural production which creates an opportunity to increase crops, expand the area of rice cultivation which raises the demand for agricultural labor in the locality that is suitable for women’s qualifications. On the other hand, the growth of agriculture also creates more opportunities to develop other occupations such as the agricultural processing.

Ensuring clean water supply also helps many local people to access a more stable source of clean water. Clean water has a much lower content of metals and coliform than river water and well water. So using clean water in daily life will help local people avoid diseases such as skin allergies, intestinal inflammation, diarrhea etc.

However, during the construction phase, the Subproject will cause some impacts on the surrounding environment and society such as:

Environmental impacts:

Air: Dust, exhaust gases from construction activities, earthworks, from vehicles transporting materials affecting the air quality in the area. However, these impacts are not permanent, when the construction ends, these impacts will also stop.

Noise, vibration: from construction equipment and machinery. However, because the noise spreads in the air and gradually decreases with distance, the Subproject area is far away from the residential area, so the impact on the residential area is negligible.

Water: Wastewater is generated mainly from construction activities and living activities of workers. Without collection and treatment, the risk of water pollution will increase.

After the project is completed, it will bring positive impacts to the locality such as:

- Safely protect residents living near downstream areas, provide stable irrigation water for production.

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Social impacts:

It can be said that the negative impacts of the Subproject on society are inevitable, however, the project owner will coordinate with the authorities and ask the contractors to apply positive measures to minimize social impacts, implement mitigation measures, environmental works and environmental-social management- monitoring plans as specified in Chapter 6.

The effective mitigation of the subproject's negative impacts on the environment and society cannot only depend on the project owner but also the coordination of the community, the authorities at all levels, state management agencies in general and environmental protection agencies in particular. At the same time, all local people must change in their social-environmental awareness, especially people living in the Subproject area.

The implementation of the Sub-project brings more positive impacts than negative impacts on the society. Ensure water supply for agricultural production and daily activities, create jobs, increase income for local people, thereby promote the area's socio-economy. More importantly, the Subproject brings safety for the reservoirs and flood control for the downstream, ensuring safety for thousands of people living in the downstream in the 12 communes of the subproject. 2. Recommendations - Recommending Environmental protection agencies in Kon tum province to coordinate with PMU in the monitoring of mitigation measures, environmental management programs in the preparation, construction and operation stages of the Project. - Recommending the People's Committees of 12 communes in the subproject cooperate in implementing the communication program; disseminate information and project implementation plan to get the support from local people. At the same time, raise awareness of the community on social and environmental issues, fully implement measures to minimize the project's negative impacts on the environment - society proposed in this ESIA report and offer appropriate institutions and policies to promote and develop the economy after the Project comes into operation. 3. Investment owner's commitment

The subproject owner is committed to full compliance with the Bank policy requirements and the GoV’s regulations. Also, the subproject owner is committed to implementing the environmental protection measures presented in this report.

- Carrying out mine clearance before handing over construction site to construction contractors.

- Domestic wastewater: Ensure the collection and treatment using proper septic tanks.

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- Strictly implementing fire protection measures throughout the construction phase.

- Be responsible to environmental management agencies of the State and local authorities on environmental issues during the implementation of "Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum province".

- Implementing the environmental reconstitution program after completion of the project, including: planting trees at material yard and necessary areas; cleaning up commune roads, canal banks in the affected areas, watering and cleaning areas to ensure environmental sanitation.

- Compensating and resolve environmental pollution in case of environmental incidents and risks caused by project implementation.

- Be responsible for repairing and restoring the local routes of material management and transportation affected by the subproject's construction activities

- Resolving people's complaints in a timely manner and in accordance with the subproject's environmental regulations; Actively coordinate with local authorities in inspection, compensation and complaint settlement; Ensure security - order, thoroughly handle conflicts.

- Managing impacts on social security and safety related to the subproject; Be responsible for incidents affecting the society in the subproject areas.

Implementing periodic Environmental monitoring and management program as follows:

- Air, noise level, every 3 months with parameters: PM10, PM 2.5, noise level

- Surface water every 3 months with parameters pH, DO, COD, BOD5, TSS, Total N, grease, fat, Total P, Total Coliforms. - Developing environmental monitoring reports every 6 months and submit reports to Kon Tum Provincial Department of Natural Resources and Environment before the last day of the quarter.

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- DRSIP, 2015 Social and Environmental Safety Management Framework;

- Feasibility Study Report (FS) of the Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject (WB8) in Kon Tum Province in December/2018.

- Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) Report, Social Impact Assessment (SA) Report, Ethnic Minority Development Plan (EMDP) Report of the Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject in Kon Tum province in April/2019.

- Summary Report of socio-economic situation of 12 communes in 2017;

- Google Earth image source

- Statistical yearbook of Kon Tum province, 2016;

- World Bank (1991), Environmental Assessment Sourcebook Volume II, Sectoral Guidelines Environment Department, Washington DC).

- WHO 1993 – Assessment Of Source of Air, Water, And land Pollution (World Health Organization, Gevada, 1993).

- CEETIA - Center for Environmental Engineering of Towns and Industrial Areas, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering.

- National environmental report on solid waste (2009).

- "Environmental impact assessment methods" of the Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering - Hanoi University of Civil Engineering (2009).

- United States Environmental Protection Agency - Noises from NJID construction equipment and construction machinery, 300.1, December 31, 1971.

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