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Home , Adelaide Peninsula, Amadjuak Lake, Ayr Pass, Bald Mountain (New York), Barnes Ice Cap, Bathurst Inlet (rock)

INDEX

Abernethy Lowland 195 Aikins 160 Abitibi lowlands 518 24,40,119,120 Abitibi Upland 215 Alaskan Coastal Plain 129 Acadian Bay Lobe 410,416 Albany 236 Acton, D.F 669-671,673,675 140 Adam 233,236 Albertan Till 43,63,154 194,208 Aleutian Trench 26 Mountains 322,373 Alexis River 263 Advance Algoma Great 249 Battle Mountain advance 74 Algonquin Arch 326 Canmore advance 66,68 Algonquin Highlands 373 Crowfoot advance 74 Allan Park delta 343 Drystone Creek advance 66 Alle/Ile * see amino acid 235,286 Eisenhower Junction advance 66 Allegheny Basin 326 Labuma advance 152,164 Allerod Interval 368 Late Portage Mountain advance 54,66 Alliston embayment 344 Marquette ice advance 161,162,236,242,349 184,277 Obed advance 66 America Plate 25 Two advance 349 Amery Till 228,231 Waconichi ice advance 272 Amherst Silt 412 Waterton I advance 154 Amino acid racemization 5 Waterton II advance 64 Amino acid stratigraphy -definition 235,286,544,545 Waterton IV-Hidden Creek advance 65,66 Amund Ringnes Island 449 454,462,469,470,471,472 Amundsen Glaciation 121 Age 102,127,128,132 10 ka to 8.4 ka 208,240,295,556 Anahim Belt 25,49 11 ka 207,295 Anderson Plain 131 11 ka to 10 ka 208,240,299 Anderson River 102,128,132 8.4 ka 209,297 Anderson, T.W 483-486,498-500,507-508,520-528 Cape Ball 488,491 Andrews, J.T 178-189,235,276-301,543-562 Early 119,152 Ange-Gardien Till 371 Early Wisconsinan 57,61,66,68,125-128,131,155,325,337 411 344,345,368,410,415,421,423,426,753 Ice Sheet 34,185,218 52,54,55,70,72-74,76,108,136,146 Antevs, E 4 162,236,242,275,291,292,299,421,431,444,452,457 Antevs Lake 272 459,472,508,512,518,550,552,594,750,756 Anticosti Channel 420 55,57,61,67,125,129,344,410,419,425 Anticosti Island 268,395,403,420,422 507,748,753,761,784 Antifreeze Pond 494 Irvingtonian land mammal age 152 Antigonish Highlands 411 Kansan Age 152,164,504 Antigonish Ice Cap 411 154,550 Appalachian complex 406,582 Late Wisconsinan 48,50,57,68,72,74,79,108,126,127 321,322 129,131,132,136,157,185,201,204,233,234,275,291 Appalachian Orogen 394,397 346,356,402,405,411,412,415,426,449,459,488,491 Apple River 411 494,497,554,750,767 713-723 Little 74,179,214,297,457,472,473,708,811 Archipelago 119,136-186,445,464,584 Matuyama Reversal Epoch 69,109,119452 Arctic -soils 675-676 Middle Pleistocene 152,154 Arctic Coastal Plain - 101,108,120,129,445,582 Middle Wisconsinan ... 48,70,136,146,155,337,338,344,346,369 Arctic Front -bioclimatic boundary 214 407,411,413,426,488,494,496,545,546,573 Arctic Mountains 21,26 Milankovich thermal maximum 136,525,546,767 Arctic 445,452,464 119 Arctic Platform 445,449 Pre-Late Wisconsinan 258 130 Pre-Reid 68 Argonaut Plain 66 Pre- 49,66,410,498 Armstrong, J.E 4 Pre-Wisconsinan 119,203,344 Arnott Moraine 244 Sangamon Interglaciation ... 121,125,126,152,202,204,226,230 Aspy Fault 426,427 232,234,236,336,345,356,364,367,412 Valley 157,161,162,240 Sangamonian 289,338,418,425,495,500,753,784 Astrobleme -Charlevoix 351,379 Wisconsinan 155,201,289,668,709 655 Age 152,164 Athabasca field 195 Age *see Stade,Interstade,Stage,Interval,Advance,Readvance Athabasca Lake 131 Aggregate resources - 684-687 42,43,65,68,692 Aguanus-Kenamiou Moraine 269 Athabasca Till 65 Agutua Moraine 224,243

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Atlantic Appalachian Belleville phase 373 bedrock geology 394,395 Bengal-Bhutan 487 economics 432,433 Bering land bridge 498 402 Beringia 121,485,486 400 River 104,121 physiography 394-400 Bernard Till 105,116,119 Quaternary history 405 Bessborough Stage 66 soils 674-675 Bessette Sediments 51,57,70 tectonostratigraphy 395 Big Bald Mountain 413 region -chronology 500 Big Muddy spillway 160,161 Atlantic uplands 403,410,411 Big River 104,121 Atlin Placers Big Sea Sediments 121 Atmospheric carbon dioxide 484 Big Trout Lake 236 Aulitivik Island 291 Bioclimatic boundary -Arctic Front 214 Avalanche disasters 709,710 Biostratigraphy - 188,322,349,375 Avalon ice sheet 418 Birch Mountain 141 Avalon Isthmus 418 Blanket 717 Avalon Peninsula 416,419 Bliss Bugt glaciation 748,767,784 Axel Heiberg Islands . 445,452,453,464,557 Bloor Member 346 Aylen Phase 270 Blow Me Down Highlands 417 Ayr Lake Stade 286,288-290,298 Blow River 125 Babine Lake 52 Bluefish Flat 32,68,69,492 Back Lowland 191,209-210,223 -definition 679 Baffin area 178,186,202,210,276,278,279,283,285,298 Bois Blanc Formation 343 547,553,557,558,744 Bolduc Till 127,459 Strait 544 Bonavista Bay 399 Baffin Sector Bonavista Peninsula 416 Baffinland Stade 286,289,290,292 Bonnet Plume Depression ... 70 Baie-Trinité Moraine 268 189,191,194,198,199,200,202,205,214 Baird Inlet Lake ^ 526 245,661 'tl? forest -history in Canada 508-512 Baker Till Bostock, H.S 4 Ballycroy Bog °27 Boulter 270 Bank Beauge ^ Boutellier Nonglacial Interval 61,72 Banks Glaciation 119,452,459 Bovis, M.J 583-594 100-102,104,108,126,127,134,136 65,162,576 Banks Sea Till 68 Barlow-Ojibway Formation Boyko-Diakonow, M 528-530 184,276,278,279,287,288,297 Braddock Channel 160 Bradore Moraine 268 Barrow Surface ' it Bradtville Drift 346 Baseline Till ™ Brampton esker 331,343 Basswood Road Lake Bras d'Or ice mass 411 126,179,189,208,211 Bras d'Or Lakes 400,410 Bathurst Island 445,457 Braskeruds Plain 454 Bathurst Lowland CEE Breslau Moraine 341 Bathurst Norsemines dispersal train 655 Bridgewater Conglomerate 406,425 Bathurst Peninsula 108,121,126,128,136 Battle Mountain advance continental shelf 42 Battleford Formation paleoecology 70-74 Bay d'Espoir 400 Quaternary stratigraphy 48 Brock Upland 102,104,121,126,128,132 Bay of Islands 339,400,417,420 Brocket Till 154 Bayfield Valley 339 Bronson Lake Formation 719 Beams Plateau ^ Brooks Range 119 Beauce region «Q2 Broughton Island 286,288 Beauceville ••••••••• °94 Bruce Peninsula 327 Beaufort Formation 101,445,50» Brunhes-Matuyama Boundary 1,120,121,152,567 area -geomorphic processes .... 21,108,121,128,547 Brunisolic Turbic Cryosols .... .676 Moraine 234 Brunisols 671,672 Beaver River Till 411 Bruun Rule Definition 432 Beaverhouse Moraine 243 Buchans 655 Bécancour Till 366'3®1 Buckland Glaciation ... 125,129,131,136 Bed load 601-602 Till 65,68 Bedford Hills-Belair Moraine 239,240 Bugaboo Glacier 74 Bednarski, J 459"464 Bulkley River Valley 54 Belair Moraine 161 Burin Peninsula 398,402,416,418 Belcher Island 185,186,215,237,273 Burntwood-Knife Interlobate Moraine 178,200,204,208,209 Bell Flat 32,68,69,492,493 214,220,225,238,239,241,243 Bell R ••• ^ 134,445,449,459 Bensea"'::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 209,235,546 276 Belles-Amours Moraine 268 Cabot Strait 419,420,426

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Caledonian Highlands 413,415 49 Caledonian Orogeny 744 Chippewyn Lake 204 Cameron Hills 101,141 Chiputneticook Lakes 416 Cameron Ranch Formation 155 Christopher Island Formation 198 Campbell Phase 131 Churchill River Till 204,225,237,238,247,256,263 Canada -natural processes and agents 624-633 Circum Ungava Geosyncline 185 Canada -last glaciation 544 Clague, J.J 17-26,34-74,76-83 Canadian -economic considerations 165-166 Clausen Glaciation 121,125,129 175-317 Clay and shale slopes -geomorphic processes 586 Canadian Shield Clayhurst Stage 66 * see Northeastern, Northwestern, Southeastern, Clear Hills 141 Southwestern Canadian Shield Clearwater-Mackenzie drainage 161,162 Canadian Shield -soils 675 Clements Markham Inlet 462,463 Canmore advance 66,68 Climate Canning Till 346 Canada 577-581 Canyon Ranges 130 moisture 578 Cape Adair transgression 292 temperature 577-578 290 Climate change- general circulation models 484,485 Cape Ball 488,491 Clovis culture 498 Cape Breton Highlands 406,410 Clyde Foreland Formation 262,286,288 399,403,410,500,504,506 Coast Belt 22 Cape Breton Island -paleostratigraphy 506 21,26,32,40,54,58 Cape Breton lowlands 411,416 179,198,239 Cape Collinson Interglaciation 119,121 Cobalt Plain 215 Cape Cove Gravel 406,411 Cobequid Highlands 406,411,412,426,427 Cape Dalhousie 129 452 Cape Dyer 298 Cochrane Formation 208,218,232,234,236,253,265 Cape Hatt 292 Cochrane I & II surge 249,272 Cape Henrietta Maria 290 Cochrane readvance 187,209,210,236,239,244 Cape Kater 247 Cockburn Substage 297 Cape Ray Fault 426,427 Codroy Valley 417 Cape Storm 554 Coenocline -definition 512 Capilano Sediments 54 421 Carbon dioxide 484 Cold Climate Processes -geomorphic processes 604-611 Carey Islands 526 oil sands 719 Caribou Dome 187 Coleman, A.P 4 Caribou placers 79 Columbia Mountains 26,583 Caribou Plateau 49 26,34 Caribou River 125,131,141,198 Colville 133 Carson, M.A 583-594 Condie Moraine 161 Cartier-McConnell Moraines 243 Conestogo Lake 331 Cascade Mountains 26,146 Connaught sequence 224,236 Cascapédia River 423 Connaught Tunnel 704 Case Histories -paleobotany 483-539 Continental Shelf 34 Cass Phase 240 Contwoyto basin 200 Cassiar Mountain 26,40 131,133,200,201,208 Catfish Creek Till 324,341,346,347 Coquitlam Drift 54,57 Caverns 351 Coquitlam Stade 57 Central 119 Cordillera Central Arctic Upland 278 bedrock geology 22-25 Chagnon, J-V 723-729 climate 26-31 Chain Lake Silt 64 39 398,403,415 economic considerations 76-83 Chalmers Bog 496,497,523 landscape 32-34 Chalmers, R 4 natural hazards 80-83 Champlain Sea 240,270, 349,363,372,373,374-377,512,518 paleoecology and paleoclimatology 70-74 Chandler Fiord 462 physiography/drainage 26 196,201,209 Quaternary deposits 34-38 Chantrey Moraine System 196,208,209,210 regional 17-22 Chapleau Moraine 218 soils 671-672 Chapman Pond 494 tectonic setting 25-26 Charlevoix astrobleme 351,379 39-42,562 Chaudière Till 356,369,694 British Columbia 48-58 Chedabucto Fault 399,427 glaciated fringe 63-70 Chedabucto-Cobequid Fault 400 stratigraphy 48 Chernozemic 671,672,673 Territory 58-62 Cherry River Moraine 372 Cornwall Island 445 Chesterfield Inlet 211 Cornwallis Island 201 outlet 248,350 411 411 182,191,201,205 Chignecto Isthmus 415 Coronation Gulf-Dolphin Strait 133 Chignecto phase 415 Corrugated moraine 149

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Coulées d'argile 587 Dundee Formation 329 Coulonge River 269 Dune sands 339 Cowan, W.R 178-189,214-249 Dunn Peak Moraine 74 Cowichan Head Formation 50,52,55,57 Dunwich Drift 346 Craton 22 394 Duval Moraine 288 Crawford Lake .... 340,485,520,528-530 Dyer Glaciation 289 Lake Moraine 147,161,194,196,242 Dyke, A.S 178,214 Crête de coq 379 Dynamic metastable equilibrium -definition 594 Crowfoot advance 74 Eagle Findlayson Moraine 240 63,64 Eagle River 70 Cryogenic -geomorphic processes 606,610 Early Holocene 550 Cryosols 675,676 1,119,152 Cryoturbation -definition 610 Early Portage Mountain advance 54 Cumberland Lowlands 410 Early Wisconsinan .. 2,57,61,66,68,125-128,131,155,325,337,344 276,283,290,298,301 345,368,410,415,421,423,426,753 Currie Township 236,655 Earthquakes 614 138,141,144,146,161,495,713 Earthquakes - 724 D'Iberville Sea 274,512 East Coast Sea 127 Daly River 462 East Polar Current 749,757 Danish Peary Land Expedition 764 Formation 716 Dark erratics . 65,155,185,186,237 Eastern System 26 Darlingford Moraine 161 Eastern Townships 322,694 David, P.P 620-623 Eatonville Till 410 544 Echo Lake Gravels 146,154 Dawson Creek 68,484 Echoing River 231 Dawson G.M 3,4 Eclipse Glaciation 289,290 Dawson J.W 3 Eclipse Sound 276 Day, T.J. 595-604 Ecotone 512,521,526,528 De Geer moraine 196,201,209,210,220,224,242,254,269,272 Edson Till 65,68 273,279,415 Edwards, W.A.D 684-687 De Geer Sea 412,416,429,430 748 Debris flows 590 Egginton, P.A 623 Deep Sea Drilling Project 783 Eisenhower Junction advance 66 Deer Lake 402,418 Ekalugad Moraine 298 Déglaciation 157,239,264,265,497,552,576,618 River Valley 68 Demoiselle Drift 421,422 EllefRingnes Islands 445,451 Denali River Fault 25 445,453,454,457,462,465,553,767 Dendrochronology 484 Ellesmere-Baffin glacier complex 452 Dreimanis, A. 6 Ellice Bog 527 Des Moines Lobe 239 Elma Till 341,347 Des Plantes River 694 Elmira Moraine 331 Deserter's Canyon advance 54 Emergence curve 211 Detachment slides -geomorphic processes .... 585 Emerson Phase 243 454 Empress Group 138,719 Devon Islands 445,452,454,464,465,469,471,472 Endogenic processes -geomorphic processes 612-615 Diamond Jenness Peninsula 105,128,133 Engineering geology -Prairie region 713-723 DiLabio, R.N.W 645-663 England, J 459-464 Dirt Hills Moraine 160 Lake 214 Disko Bugt 746,747,749,750,771,786 Eolian 334,379,451,620-622 Disko Island 750,756 Erie Interstade 347,371 Dispersal trains 655 Erie Lobe 329,340,341,347 Dissection Creek 129 Ernst Till 65,68 Dissolved solids -river processes 602 Erosion -animal agents 623 Ditchfield Moraine 372 Erosion -human agents 625,628 Dixon Entrance 34,44 Erratics Train Till 65 Dog Lake Moraine 236,242 Escarpment -Ipperwash,Niagara,Ondaga 327,328,329,333 Dolphin Strait 102,132 Escuminac Ice Centre .... 415,416 Don Formation 335,336,345 Esker Donnacona Till 366 Boulter esker 270 Dorset Ridge 395 Brampton esker 331,343 Double Island 406 Guelph esker 343 Dredge, L.A 178-249 Munro esker 220,224 Drift prospecting 413,418,653-655 Norwood esker 331 Drystone Creek advance 66 Thelon esker 208 Du Lièvre River 269 Eskimo Lakes 125 Dubawnt Group . 179,193,196,200,203,214,654 Esquiman Channel 420 Duck Hawk Bluffs 115,116,121 Eureka Sound 449,450,452 Duck Mountains 140 Eurekian Rifting Episode .... 191 Duke River Fault 25 Evans, S.G 612-615,702-713 Dummer Moraine . 341 Evaporite -solution collapse 723 Dundas Peninsula 119,127 Evilsmelling Band 146,155 Dundas Till 450,459 Explorer Plate 25

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F.E. Hyde 765 Thelon Formation 196 Fairfax Lake 497 Thomcliffe Formation 346 Fall Zone peneplain 398 Vermilion River Formation 694,723 Favel Formation 723 Wellsch Farm Formation 152 Fawn River . 231,233,234,235 Whidbey Formation 55 Fen 679 Wigwam Creek Formation 232 Fenelon Falls outlet , . 349 Woodmore Formation 154 Fennoscandian Ice Sheet 45 Worth Point Formation 115,116,120,136 First Canyon Glaciation 63,66,119,125 Fort Ann phase 373 Fisher River 202 Fort Langley Formation 54 Fiskebanke Glaciation 752,753,784 Fort Nelson Lowland 140,141 Five Islands Formation 412 Fossil pollen analyses 488-539 Flakkerhuk Glaciation . 758,761,763,772,785 Foster Bugt 757 Flat River Till 65 Valley Moraine 160 Flat River-Clausen Glaciation 65 178,182,186,557 Flaxman Member 129 Foxe Glaciation 202,205,239,288,290,291,292,294 Flint, R.F Foxe Ice 184,208,210,213,238,276,278 Flood hazards Z'.'Z". 723 Frank Mackie Glacier 74 Floods and debris flows 704,727 Franklin Bay Stade 128 Floral Formation 146,154,714,720 Franklin Ice Complex 454,455 Flowslides -geomorphic processes 587 Franklin Mountains 26,101,104,125,133,136 Fluvial (alluvial) deposits 36,257-258 Franklinian Geosyncline 445,449 Fluvial erosion intensity 599 Fraser Glaciation 44,45,48,49,50,51,42,53,70,72,491,545 Fluvial sediment transfer 604 Fraser Lowland 45,49,50,54 Foothills Erratics Train 43,65,68,144,155 26,32,55,259,265 Ford, D.C 617-619 Frederick House series 224,236 Foreland Belt 22 Fredskild, B 775-783 Forest Hill dispersal train 655 Free air gravity anomaly 562-569 Formation French, H.M 604-611 Barlow-Ojibway Formation 127,129,233 Friday Creek Sediments 233 Battleford Formation 160 Moraine 277,295,297,298 Beaufort Formation . 101,445,508 Frontenac Arch 218,661 Bois Blanc Formation .343 Frontenac Axis 215 Bronson Lake Formation . 719 Frost creep -definition 610 Cameron Ranch Formation . 155 Frost heave 605 Christopher Island Formation .. . 198 Full glacial sea 462 Clyde Foreland Formation , 262,286,288 Fulton, R.J 1-14 Cochrane Formation 208,218,232,234,236,253,265 Funder, S 739-786 Cowichan Head Formation 50,52,55,57 Fundy Epigeosyncline 394 Don Formation 335,336,345 Fundy Lowlands 410 Dundee Formation 329 Fundy-Cobequid Fault 431 Favel Formation 723 Fyles, J.G 5 Five Islands Formation 412 Gael Hamkes Bugt 757 Floral Formation 146,154,714,720 Gage Street Bog 527 Fort Langley Formation .54 Gait Moraine 329 Gayhurst Formation . 363,369,370,371 Gander Lake 400 Gubik Formation 119,129 Gardner, J.S 702-713 Judith River Formation 716 Garibaldi Belt 25 Kanguk Formation 115 Garibaldi phase 74 Kidluit Formation 121,126,128 Garry Island Member 128 Kipalu Formation . .215 Gaspereau Ice Centre 415 Kittigazuit Formation 121,126,128 Gaspesie 403,415,423,512 Largs Formation 154 Gaspesie Ice Cap 423 Lennard Formation .... 160 Gatineau River 269,270 Liard Formation 58 Gayhurst Formation 363,369,370,371 Lodin Elv Formation . 759,767,775,784 Gelifluction 592,610 Massawippi Formation ... 356,368,371 General circulation models -climatic change 484,485 Missinaibi Formation 185,204,226,228,230-232,258,546 Gentilly Till 362,369 Mitchell Bluff Formation 146,164 Geochemistry Muir Point Formation 50,55 drift prospecting 413,418 Muriel Lake Formation 719 environmental geology 661 Omaralluk Formation 144,215,228,237 peat 660 Peel Sound Formation 191,196 Quaternary geology 658 Pierreville Formation 366 stream and lake sediment 656 Pitz Formation 198 terrain 645-663 Pottery Road Formation 337,345,346 Geological hazards Rivière aux Vaches Formation 367 Flood hazards 723 Rosa Formation 154 Floods and debris flows 704,727 Saint-Frangois-du-Lac Formation 367,369 Risk assessment 712 Scarborough Formation 325,337,343,345,346 Rockfalls 706 Shell Formation 154 Snow avalanches 702-703 Souris Formation 138 Geological hazards -central and eastern Canada 723-728 Tee Lakes Formation 154 Geological hazards -Cordillera 702-713

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Geomorphic processes 573-644 McConnell 131,162,194,196,200,207,208,243 Beaufort Sea area 21,108,121,128,547 McLean 265,267 Clay and shale slopes 586 Meadow 161,207 Cold climate processes 604-611 Melfort 161 Cryogenic weathering 606,610 Melville 255,263,267,268 Debris flows 590 Memphremagog 372 Detachment slides 585 Minong 240,242,243,248,349 Earthquakes 614 Minto 273 Endogenic processes 612-615 Nahanni 65 Flowslides 587 Nakina 243 Frost heave 605 Nantais 274 Gelifluction 592,610 Naskaupi 265,267,557 Hillslope processes 594 O'Laws 411 Ice segregation 605 Ogilvie 243 Karst development 619 Ojibway 162,187,189,210,223,225,232,236,238,243,249,254 Needle ice formation 605 255,272,273,275,519,724 Regolith slides 589 Old Wives 161 River processes 595-604 Ostram 243 avalanches 585,707,726-727 Peace 66,68,144,161,207 Rock creep 585 Peel 334 Rockslopes 584 Regina 144,161 Skin flows 591 Saltcoats 161 Soil creep 592 Schömberg 343,344 Soil erosion 593 Souris 160,161 Solution processes 616-617 Stanley 243,248,349 Thaw slopes 591-592 Sultan 243 Vertical tectonic movements 613 Thelon 208 Volcanic processes 615 Unity 161 George Lake -dispersal train 655 363 Lobe 327,340,347 Warren 325,333,347 Glacier 74 Whittlesey 333,347 Gilbert River 694 Wollaston 196 Gilbert type deltas 758 Glacial marine deposits 36,201,224-225,257,363,412,451 Gilman Glacier 469 Glacial maximum model - 445 Gimli Phase 243 Glacial réfugia 485,486 Glacial dispersal -terrain geochemistry 649-653 Glaciation Glacial fluvial deposits 34,145,200,220-222,254-256,331 Banks Glaciation 119,452,459 332,341,342,362,411,450 Bliss Bugt Glaciation 748,767,784 Glacial isostasy -models 562-568 Buckland Glaciation 125,129,131,136 Glacial lacustrine deposits 35,343,362 Clausen Glaciation 121,125,129 Glâciâl Lâk@ Dyer Glaciation 289 Agassiz 131,144,157,161,187,196,200,207,298,210 Eclipse Glaciation 289,290 223,232,233,239-243,245,723 First Canyon Glaciation 63,66,119,125 Algonquin 240,325,333,334,339,344,349,724 Fiskebanke Glaciation 752,753,784 Athabasca 144,182,208 Flakkerhuk Glaciation 758,761,763,772,785 Barlow 189,223,243,249,270,518,519 Flat River-Clausen Glaciation 65 Barlow-Ojibway 223,232,233,236,239,243,549,550 Foxe Glaciation 202,205,239,288,290,291,292,294 Bigstick 161 Fraser Glaciation 44,45,48,49,50,51,42,53,70,72,491,545 Chambly 373 Great Glaciation 43,63,64,154 Champlain 363 Hole-in-the-Wall Glaciation 66 Chippewa 243 Hungry Creek Glaciation 69,129,131,136,494 Cree 196 Jackfish Glaciation 129 Duluth 240,243 Kansan Glaciation 504 Gayhurst 371 Klaza Glaciation 58,60 Grassmere 347 Kluane Glaciation 48,60 Hough 240,248,349 Komaktorvik Glaciation 259 Houghton 243,350 Koroksoak Glaciation 259,265 Hyper Dubawnt 209 Langelandselv glaciation 761,776,784 Iosegun 161 Macauley Glaciation 48,60,61 Iroquois 334,343,349,724 Mason River Glaciation 121,126,128 Ivitaruk 127 McConnell Glaciation 48,58,60,243,270 Johnston 240 Mirror Creek Glaciation 60,61 Kazan 209 Glaciation 58,60,66,72 Kincaid 160 Neoglaciation 74 Leduc 161 Reid Glaciation 58,60,61,65 Lost Mountain 161 Saglek Glaciation 259,263,265 Lundy 347 Scoresby Sund Glaciation 756,758,761,784 Masik 127 Sisimiut Glaciation 750,751,753,756,771,785 Mattawaskin ... 273 Thomsen Glaciation 119,121 Maumee . 333,347 126,185,263,500,546,671,771

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Glacier Greenland -West Greenland Appalachian glacier complex 406,582 Quaternary deposits 750 Frank Mackie Glacier 74 Quaternary geology 749 Gilbert Glacier 74 Greenock swamp 334 Gilman Glacier 469 Gregg Lake 497 Good Friday Glacier 468 Grenville Front 215 Kaskawulsh Glacier 61 Grenville Province 394 Otto Glacier 468 Grinnell Ice Cap 297 Sydkap Glacier 468 454 Thompson Glacier 454,459 Grotte Valerie I & II Interglaciation 121,125 Tiedemann Glacier 74 Grus/corestone terrain 413 White Glacier 465,467,469 Gubik Formation 119,129 Gleysolic Turbic Cryosols 676 Guelph esker 343 Gleysols 671 182,205,210 Gods River 226,230,231,234 Gulf of 395,400 Placer deposits Gulf of St. Lawrence 403,426 alluvial 688 Gulf of St. Lawrence -Quaternary History 420 beach and nearshore 689 Gullbridge -dispersal train 655 classification 687-689 Gunnbjorn Fjeld 757 colluvial 688 Gunsight Mountain 119 distribution 690 Hafichuk 496 glacial 689 Halfway River 66 residual enrichment 688 Haliburton Highlands 215 Golden Pond -dispersal train 655 Hall Basin 461 Goldeye Lake 496,497 764,768,773 Goldthwait, J.W 4 Hall Moraine 295 Goldthwaite Sea . 188,268-270,363,375,416,423,429,512,518,692 276,297 Good Friday Glacier 468 Halton Till 341 65,66,67,445,488,491 Hand Hills 141 Granby Region 362 Hanging Lake 494 Grand Bend beach 339 Hants Till 410 Grand Lake 400 Hare Indian River 102,125 Grand Marais Moraine 242 Hargrave Moraine 242 325,333,339,423 Harper Creek Moraine 74 Grand Volume Till 423 Harptree Moraine 160 Granduc Mine 704 Harricana Interlobate Moraine 178,214,220,238,240,241 Grandview Hills 131 243,245,249,255,257,263,264,270,272 Grant Land Mountains 449,459,462,463,464 Harrowby Sea 121,126 Grant, D.R 393-440 Hartlen Till 410 Grassy River 694 Hartman Moraine 236,242 Great Beach 225 Hatfield Valley 716 Ice Lobe 128,133,182,207 Hayes Lobe 220,228,234,239,242,243,247 Great : 125,130 Hazen Moraine 454 Great Cordilleran Glacier 154 Hazen Plateau 449,459,460,462,463,464 Great Glaciation 43,63,64,154 Hazen Trough 445 182,236,550 Hecate Lobe 66 bedrock geology 326-329 Hecate Strait 26,32,44,65,488,491 physiography 329-335 Heginbottom, J.A 479-480,576-577 Quaternary deposits 335-344 Hellefisk Moraine 771,772,784 Quaternary history 344-350 Herman Phase 161 144,182,208,511 Hermitage Peninsula 418 Great Slave Plain 141 Herschel Island 108,125,129 Great Whale River area 245,255 Hewitt, K 624-633 Greely Fiord 449 Highbury Sediments 50,55 Mountain 351 Highlands Ice Cap 411 Greenland 119,191 Highrock Moraine 242 Greenland High wood River 63,64,65 bedrock geology and physiography 744-748 Hillslope processes -geomorphic processes 594 biogeography 748,749 Hochstetter Forland 757,759,763 climate 748,749,783 Hodgson, D.A 443-459 continental shelves 769 Hole-in-the-Wall Glaciation 66 Holocene emergence history 774 334 Quaternary geology 742-792 Holocene Epoch 1 sea level history 772 Holocene 52,54,55,70,72,73,74,76,108,136,146,162 Greenland advance 460 236,242,275,291,292,299,421,431,444,452,457 Greenland -East Greenland 459,472,508,512,518,550,552,594,750,756 Quaternary deposits 757-763 Holocene Quaternary geology 756-763 paleoenvironment 520 40,445,460,463,773,786 Greenland Inland Ice 767 Greenland -North Greenland Milne Land stade 758 Quaternary deposits 764-765 xerothermic interval 521 Quaternary geology 763 Homathko River 34

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Hookean elastic solid 563 Indian River 692 Hooper Clay 125 Industrial mineral resources ... 687 Hopetown -dispersal train 655 Ingolf Fjord 756,763 Horn Plateau 101,104,130,133 Inland Ice , 744,746,755,756,758,764,767 102,132,133 Innerkip Interstadial 337,341 Horton River basin 102,126 Innuitian Ice Sheet . 205,445,453,457,458 Hot spots 25,26 Innuitian Orogeny 744 Houghton Phase 248 Innuitian Province 445 Lowland 162,179,182,185,195,203,209,214 Insular Belt 22 218,225,236,238,244,249,545,581,655 Insular Mountains 26 Hudson Ice 155,184,218,232,239 Interglaciation -Sangamon , 407,410,413,485,500,504,506 Hudson Ice Divide 237,238,270,273 Interior Plains 32,63,64,66,99,100,126,137,187,581 178,182,185,187,210,237,245,249,274,295 Interior Plains -soils 673 546,550,557 26,35,40 Hudwin Moraine 242 Interlake region 669 Hughes, O.L 58-70 Intermontane Belt 22 339 Interstade Humboldt Gletscher 764 Erie Interstade 347,371 Hummingbird Till 65 Friday Creek Interstade 233 Hummocky moraine 147 Innerkip Interstade 337,341 Hungry Creek Glaciation 69,129,131,136,494 Mackinaw Interstade 347,371 Huron Lobe . 329,333,340,347,349 Plum Point Interstade 323,346,371 Huron Stade 371 Port Talbot I, II Interstade 323,337,338,344,346,371 Hydrogeology - urban use 729-732 Sidney Interstade 338,494 Hydrological regimes -river processes 595-596 St. Pierre Interstade 323,337,346,356,359,366,368,369 Hypsithermal Interval .. 74,162,520-528 371,546 Ibyuk pingo 129 Two Creeks Interstade 240,347,349,368 ICE -1 ice sheet model 562 Wisconsinan interstade 129,155,776,784 Ice-thrust features 147 Intertill aquifer 717 Ice cap Inugsuin Fiord 290 454,462,469,470,471,472 Ipperwash escarpment 328 Antigonish ice cap 411 Irminger Current 749 Devon ice cap 454 Iron Strand area , 262,265,291 Gaspésie ice cap 423 Irvingtonian land mammal age .... 152 Grinnell ice cap 297 Isobases 213,554 Highlands ice cap 411 Isortoq Moraine 297 Meighen ice cap 464,468,470 Isostasy Newfoundland ice cap 402 Free air gravity anomaly .. Mountain ice cap 411,412 Hookean elastic solid Terra Nivea ice cap 297 Lithosphere model Ice centre Newtonian viscous model . Escuminac ice centre 415,416 Seismic model Gaspereau ice centre 415 Visco-elastic model Patrician ice centre 236 Viscous flow model Ice core record 470-472 Isostatic data -definition .... Ice divide Ispatinow definition 184,186,187,544,753 Ivitak phase Hudson Ice Divide 237,238,270,273 Jackfish Creek Till Keewatin Ice Divide 186,195,200,202,203,205,207,208,211 Jackfish Creek- Episode Kivivic Ice Divide 274 Jackfish Glaciation M'Clintock Ice Divide 133,205,208,209,213 Jackson, L.E. Jr. Ice dome -definition 184,411 Jacques Ranges Ice flow patterns 239,544,658 Jakobshavn Isbrae Ice-free corridor 486,488,491-499 Lowlands 133,182,215,247,258,545 Alberta 495-496 Jameson Land marine episode 761 491 Jameson Land peninsula 757,758,759,773 Yukon 492-494 Jerseyan drift 418 Ice frontal features 411 Jesse Till 121,127,128 Ice segregation -geomorphic processes 605 Till 410 Ice sheet Johnston, W.A dynamics 544 Johnville Till !"!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"!....!....!..."."!!356,366 perspective 6-10 Jökulhlaups 82,591,594 Ice shelf Juan de Fuca Plate 25 Ice Shelf 34 Juan de Fuca Strait 21,34,54 Viscount Melville Sound Ice Shelf 457 Judge Daly Promotory 460,462 Ward Hunt Ice Shelf 464,466,469,472 Judith River Formation 716 Icefield Drift 60 Kabinakagami River 234,235 Icon -dispersal train 655 Kaffehavn Interglaciation 752,753,776,784 Ile de la Grande Entrée 421 Kaishak Moraine 127,129,242 Illinoian 1,55,57,61,67,125,129,344,410,419,425,507 Kaminak Lake 198,202,210,211 748,753,761,784 Kamloops Lake Drift 53 Independence Fjord 748,767,767,769,772,785 Kanairiktok River 265,268

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Kangalaksiorvik Fiord 262 Lac Delorme 274 ,518 Kangalaksiorvik Moraine .. 265 Lac Guillaume-Delisle 273 ,275 Kanguk Formation .115 Lac Maskinongé 269 Kansan Age 152,164,504 Lac Mistassini . 253,255,264 ,273 Kansan Glaciation 504 Lac Ramsay 526 Kap Alexander 763 Lac Saint-Jean 179,269 ,375 Kap Farvel 756 Lac Seul Moraine ... 242 Kap Kobenhavn Formation 119,765,767,775,778,779,784 Lac Stakel 274 Kap Mackenzie stade 761 Lac Témiscamingue 179,269,270 ,661 Karrow, P.F 321-350 Lac Yelle 527 Karst development -geomorphic processes 619 Laflamme Sea 188 ,269 Kaskawulsh Glacier 61 131 144,157,161,187,196,200,207,298 ,210 202 223,232,233,239-243,245 ,723 Kazan Upland .... 200,215 240,325,333,334,339,344,349 ,724 ... 70,130 144,182 ,208 Keewatin Ice Divide 186,195,200,202,203,205,207,208,211 Lake Barlow 189,223,243,249,270,518 ,519 Keewatin Ice 65,99,184,189,210,459 Lake Barlow-Ojibway 223,232,233,236,239,243,549 ,550 Keewatin-Mackenzie Plateau . 182 Lake Bigstick 161 Kellett Till 121 Lake Chambly 373 Kelly Lake Moraine 133 .... 363 Kendall Sediments 121,125,128 243 460 Lake Cree 196 Kidd Creek -dispersal train .... 655 .240 ,243 Kidluit Formation 121,126,128 339 Killinek Island 265 Lake Gayhurst 371 King Christian Islands 445,451 Lake Grassmere 347 195,201,205,208 Fault Zone 459 Kinojevis Phase 272 Lake Hough 240,248 ,349 Kipalu Formation 215 Lake Houghton 243 ,350 Kirkfield outlet 240,349 188,215,240,248 ,327 Kirkland Lake -dispersal train 655 Lake Huron Basin 240,243,339 ,347 Kittigazuit Formation 121,126,128 Lake Hyper Dubawnt .. 209 Kivivic Ice Divide 274 Lake Iosegun 161 Klassen, R.A 616-617 Lake Iroquois . 334,343,349 ,724 Klassen, R.W 138-166 Lake Ivitaruk 127 Klaza Glaciation 58,60 Lake Johnston 240 Klondike Plateau .. 32,64,66,67,68 Lake Kazan 209 Kluane Glaciation 48,60 Lake Kincaid 160 Knife Interlobate Moraine . 205 Lake Leduc 161 Knife River .... 233,244 Lake Lost Mountain .... 161 Kodiak Island 486 Lake Lundy 347 Koerner, R.M ... 464-473 Lake Manitou 694 Kogalu aminozone ... 262,268,289,298 Lake Masik 127 Kogaluk River 265 Lake Mattawaskin 273 Komaktorvik Glaciation 259 333 ,347 Komakuk Beach 129 Lake McConnell 131,162,194,196,200,207,208 ,243 Kong Oscars Fjord 757 Lake McLean 265 ,267 Kootenay Pass 704 Lake Meadow 161 ,207 Kootenay River 34 Lake Melfort 161 Korah Phase 243,270 Lake Melville . 255,263,267 ,268 Koroksoak Glaciation ... 259,265 Lake Memphrémagog .. 372 Koy-Yukon thermal event .. 494 Lake Basin .. 240 ,243 Kreiger Mountains 454 . 240,242,243,248 ,349 Kugmallit Bay 128 Lake Minto 273 Kuuijjuarapik 255,272,273 Lake Nahanni .65 Kwataboahegan River 230,231,234 Lake Nakina 243 La Grande region 189,247,253,272,273,275 Lake Nantais 274 La Guadeloupe Moraine 372 Lake Naskaupi . 265,267 ,557 La Have River Lake 240 Ice 184,185,187,234,238,245,254,431 Lake O'Laws 411 Labrador marginal trough . 182,253,584 Lake Ogilvie 243 Labrador Plateau 179,265 162. 187,189,210,223,225,232,236,238 ,243 182,744 249,254,255,272,273,275,519 ,724 Labrador Sector 184,186,263 Lake Old Wives 161 Labuma advance .. 152,164 Lake Ostram 243 Labuma Till 43,63,154 Lake Peace 66,68,144,161. 207 Lac à l'Ange .. 526 Lake Peel 334 Lac à l'Eau Claire .. 273 Lake Regina 144 161 Lac Baskatong .. 270 Lake Saint-François 378 Lac Colin .. 526 Lake Saint-Louis 378 Lac Daigle Moraine .. 269 Lake Saint-Pierre 378 Lac de la Hutte Sauvage ...... 265 Lake Saltcoats 161

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Lake Schömberg 343,344 Hayes Lobe 220,228,234,239,242,243,247 Lake Scugog 334 Hecate Lobe 329,334 Huron Lobe 329,333,340,347,349 160,161 Lobe 340,347 . 240,248,342,349 Prince Albert Lobe 127,129 Lake Sultan 243 Prince of Wales Lobe . 188,215 Puget Lobe Lake Thelon 208 Rainy Lobe """ 239,240,242 basin 223,236,240 Red River Lobe 238,240 Lake Unity 161 Simcoe Lobe 363 Souris Lobe 325,333,347 St. Louis Sublobe 218,240 333,347 Superior Lobe 236,239 Lake Winnipeg 162,182,240 Thesiger Lobe Lake Winnipegosis 218 Weyburn Lobe ... 161 Lake Wollaston 196 Windigo Lobe 220,224,236 Lamoral Till 68 Locat, J 723-729 Lampsilis Lake 377,518 Lochart Phase 161,240 Lancaster Sound 202,276,557 Lodin Elv Formation . 759,767,775,784 Land planning -database 729-732 Lofty Lake 496,524 Land use planning -Prairie region ... 713-723 Logan's Line 351 Landsdowne House area 236 Loks Land Member 262,291 Landslides 584,707,721,725,726 Lonely Creek 58 Langelandselv glaciation 761,776,784 Long Creek 161 Langis Till 423 Long Point beach 339 Largs Formation 154 Long Range Mountains . 398,416,417,419 Larsen, H.C 769-772 451 Late Holocene 523 Low, A.P 4 Late Pleistocene 154,550 Lucknow Valley 339 Late Portage Mountain advance 54,66 Luvisol 58.66.72,671,672,675 Late Wisconsinan 2,48,50,57,68,72,74,79,108,126,127 M'Clintock Channel 179,191 129,131,132,136,157,185,201,204,233,234,275,291,346,356 M'Clintock Dome 189 402,405,411,412,415,426,449,459,488,491,497,554,750,767 M'Clintock Ice Divide .... 133,205,208,209,213 Late Wisconsinan déglaciation 157,497,552,618 M'Clure Stade 121,127,128,129,133,136 Lateral Pond 494 M'Clure Strait 104,459 Laurentian Channel 34,400,420,422,426,427 MacAlpine Moraine 196,208 Laurentian Highlands 188,250,255,351,358,395 Macauley Glaciation 48,60,61 Laurentian Moraine 420 MacDonald, G.M 70-74 Laurentian Region 395,517 Mackay, J.R Laurentian Valley 327,328,336 Mackenzie Delta ..70-74,101,102,104,125,136,556 Laurentide -nomenclature 184 Mackenzie Mountains ... 19,21,40,43,63,65,74,121,125,491 Laurentide advance 510,585 19,35,39,63,99,126,133,178-237,265 25,34,101 104,125,128,129,130,132,491,713 356,400,403,418,421,422,423,427,429,431 Mackinaw Interstade 347,371 445,449,457,486,497,511,544,562,673 MacLaughlin Pond 526 Laverlochere Moraine 270 Madawaska Phase 416 Lawrencetown Till 410 Magdalen Islands 395,403,415,420,421,423,500,504 Leaf Lake 692 Mahone Bay area 410 Leda Clay 325 Brook Till 425 Leinan Moraine 160 Maitland Valley 339 Lennard Formation 160 Maktak Fiord 283 Lennoxville Till 370,371 Malcolm River 129 Lethbridge Moraine 155,157 146,184 Liard Formation 58 140,143,157,240,713,723 Liard Lowland 35,58,61 Manitoba Plain 140 42,104,129,491 Manitou-Matamec Moraine OßQ zoy Liddon Till 459 239 Limestone Interlobate Moraine 220,243 Mapleguard Sediments 50 Limestone Island 488 Marcotte Lake 526 Lithosphere - 22 411 Lithosphere model -isostasy 565 Marine isotope record Lithostratigraphy Marion Lake !.!!! 521 Hudson Bay Lowlands 225-234 Maritime Plain 395 Ontario shield 235-239 Marks-Mackenzie Moraine 236,242 74,179,214,297,457,472,473,708,811 Marlboro Till 65,68 Liverpool Bay . 125,126 Marquette ice advance 161,162,236,242,349 Lobe Marsh 679 Acadian Bay Lobe 410,416 Marsh Creek Till 65 Des Moines Lobe 239 Maryhill Till 341,347 Erie Lobe . 329,340,341,347 Mason River Glaciation 121,126,128 Georgian Bay Lobe 327,340,347 Massawippi Formation 356,368,371 Great Bear Lake Ice Lobe . 128,133,182,207 Matachewan -dispersal train . 655

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Matapedia River 423 Arnott Moraine 244 Matawin Moraine 359 Baie-Trinité Moraine 268 Matheson Till 236 Beaver River Moraine 234 Mathewes, R.W 486-491,520-528 Beaverhouse Moraine 243 Mathews, W.H 32-34 Bedford Hills-Belair Moraine 239,240 240,248 Belair Moraine 161,205 Matthews, J.V. Jr 68-70,483-486,498-500,507-508,520 Belles-Amours Moraine 268 Matuyama Reversal Epoch 69,109,119,452 Bradore Moraine 268 Matuyama Reversed Polarity Chron 119,152,154,767 Breslau Moraine 341 Maunsell Till 64,154 Burntwood-Knife Interlobate Moraine .... 178,200,204,208,209 Maycroft Till 64 214,220,225,238,239,241,243 Mazama eruption 523 Cartier-McConnell Moraines 243 McAndrews, J.H 528-530 Chantrey Moraine System 196,208,209,210 McBeth Fiord 290 Cherry River Moraine 372 McCarron Brook Till 410 Col ville Moraines 133 McConnell Glaciation 48,58,60,243,270 Condie Moraine 161 McDougall Pass 131 Corrugated moraine 149 McGerrigle Mountains 423,425 Moraine 147,161,194,196,242 McLeod River 692 Darlingford Moraine 161 Meadowcliffe Till 346 De Geer moraine 196,201,209,210,220,224,242,254 Mealey Mountains 250,258,263,267,268 269,272,273,279,415 Mecatina Plateau 395 Dirt Hills Moraine 160 Meek Point Sea 127 Ditchfield Moraine 372 Megantic Moraine 372 Dog Lake Moraine 236,242 Meguma Group 694 Dummer Moraine 341 Meighen Ice Cap 464,468,470 Dunn Peak Moraine 74 Melville Bugt 750,756 Duval Moraine 288 Melville Hills 102 Ekalugad Moraine 298 Melville Island 119,126,127,201,445,449,457,459,464 Elmira Moraine 331 178,179,276,278 Fox Valley Moraine 160 Mercy Till 127 Frobisher Bay Moraine 277,295,297,298 274,297,299,301 Gait Moraine 329 Meteor Lake 694 Grand Marais Moraine 242 Metersvig geomorphic research program 757 Hall Moraine 295 Mic-Mac terrace 364 Hargrave Moraine 242 Michigan Basin 215,326 Harper Creek Moraine 74 Middle Pleistocene 1,152,154 Harptree Moraine 160 Middle Till Complex 363 Harricana Interlobate Moraine 178,214,220,238,240,241 Middle Wisconsinan 2,48,70,136,146,155,337,338,344,346 243,245,249,255,257,263,264,270,272 369,407,411,413,426,488,494,496,546,573 Hartman Moraine 236,242 Milankovich thermal maximum 136,525,546,767 Hazen Moraine 454 Milk River 692 Helleflsk Moiaine 771,772,784 Millville-Dungarvon phase 416 Highrock Moraine 242 Milne Inlet 292 Hudwin Moraine 242 Milne Land stade 763,785 Hummocky moraine 147 Milverton Moraine 333 Isortoq Moraine 297 411,412 Kaishak Moraine 127,129,242 Mineral exploration applications -drift prospecting 653-655 Kangalaksiorvik Moraine 265 Mineral exploration examples -dispersal trains 655 Kelly Lake Moraine 133 Minesing swamp 334 Knife Interlobate Moraine 205 Mingan Ridge 395 La Guadeloupe Moraine 372 Mining activity -Canada natural processes 624-633 Lac Daigle Moraine 269 133 Lac Seul Moraine 242 Minto Uplift Province 101 Laurentian Moraine 420 Miocene 119 Laverlochère Moraine 270 Miramichi Highlands 415 Leinan Moraine 160 Mirror Creek Glaciation 60,61 Lethbridge Moraine 155,157 Missinaibi Formation 185,204,226,228,230-232,258,546 Limestone Interlobate Moraine 220,243 Missinaibi 194 MacAlpine Moraine 196,208 Missouri Coteau 140,143,147,157,713 Manitou-Matamec Moraine 269 138 Marks-Mackenzie Moraine 236,242 Mitchell Bluff Formation 146,164 Matawin Moraine 359 Mokowan Butte 63,66 Mégantic Moraine 372 32,160,491 Milverton Moraine 333 364,373 Mountain Rapids Moraine 233,237 Moore Lake 497,524 Nakina Moraine 243,244 Moorhead Phase 240,242 Nickerson Moraine 239 Mountain 141 Nipigon Moraine 218,242,243 Moose River 228,230,231,233 Noodleook Moraine 265 Moraine 327,331,333,334,340,343,346,347,373 Aguanus-Kenamiou Moraine 269 Orangeville Moraine 331 Aikins Moraine 160 Paradise Moraine 263,264

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Paris Moraine .329 327,329,333 Pasquia Moraine ... . 242 Nicholson Peninsula 126,128 Petlura Moraine ... . 161 Nickerson Moraine 239 Piedmont Moraine .416 Nicolet Stade 367 Pinard Moraine .244 Nina Lake 527 Port Huron Moraine 347 Nipigon Moraine 218,242,243 Qu'Appelle Moraine 161 Nipigon Plain 215 North Shore Moraine , 255,256,268,403 II 248,249 Roulier Moraine 243,270 Nipissing level 339,340,350 Sachigo Moraine 220,242 Nissouri Stade 341,346 Saint-Antonin Moraine 362,376 Nith River 333,343,346 St. (Saint-) Narcisse Moraine 249,254,269,270,359,362,363 Nonglacial Wisconsinan 155 369,375,379 Noodleook Moraine 265 Sainte-Marie Moraine 422 Nootka transform 25 Sakami Moraine 254,255,272,275,518 Nordvestfjord 757 Sand Hills Moraines 127 Norman Range 102,133 Sandilands Moraine 161 North American Craton 22 Sebaskachu-Little Drunken Moraine S 268 North American Plate 445,744 Sipiwesk-Cantin Moraine 242 North Atlantic Polar Front 432 Stoke Mountain Moraine 372 North Bay outlet 240,248,373 Stoughton Moraine 160 North Eurasian Plate 744 Tasiuyak Moraine 265 North Klondike River 65 Ten Mile Lake Moraine 419,423,432 North Knife River . 193,194,200,204,244,246 The Pas Moraine 147,157,208,237 North River 65,68,692 Thomson Moraine 160 North Shore Gulf of St. Lawrence . 398 Tingwick-Ulverton Moraine 372 Northeastern Canadian Shield Tinutyaruik Moraine 263 bedrock geology 276-278 Tutsieta Lake Moraine 131 climate 278-279 Two Loon Moraine 259,262,265 physiography 276-278 Two Rivers Moraine 240 Quaternary deposits 279-285 Waterloo Moraine 331,334 Quaternary history 285-297 Whitewater Moraine 243 sea level 297-301 Moraine 329,347 Northern Canadian Interior Plains 100-137 526 119-136 Morgan Bluffs Interglaciation 119 bedrock geology 101 Morison, S.R 687-694 climate 104 Momington Till 341,347 economics 137 Mott, R.J 500-507 physiography 101-104 Moulin River 694 Quaternary deposits 104-119 49 sea level 136 26,32 Northern Miramichi Highlands 413 Mount Pleasant -dispersal train 655 Northern Peninsula 416,419 Mount Thoresby 265 . 395,416,427 Mountain Rapids Moraine 233,237 Northwestern Canadian Shield Mountain River 130 bedrock geology 189-193 Muchalat River Drift 50 physiography 191-193 Muir Point Formation 50,55 Quaternary deposits 193-201 Munro Esker 220,224 Quaternary history 201-214 Murdockville Highlands 423 Norwood Esker 331 Muriel Lake Formation 719 Notre Dame Bay 399,417 Nachvak Fiord area 262,265 397 Nachvak phase 263 Upland 395,504 Nahanni Range 129 Nugssuaq Embayment 744 Nakina Moraine 243,244 ìNun àts k 488,519 Nansen Glaciation 58,60,66,72 Oak Ridges Moraine"'!!!'.!'.!!! 327^33^333,334,340,343,346,347,373 Nansen Sound 446 Obed advance 66 452,459,460,461,463,464,753,764,767,768 Occhietti, S 321-326,350-379 Naskaupi River basin 268 Ocean Drilling Programme 783 Natural processes - human agents 624-633 Ochre River 125 Nebraskan glacial stage 495 Odanak Till 366 Needle ice formation 605 Ogilvie Mountains 26,706 213,218,225,228,234,247 Oka Hills 350 Neoglaciation 74 Okanagan Centre Drift 50,57 Nepisiguit Valley 415 Old Crow Basin 119,484,498 Nettiling Lake 277 32,61,68,69,70,492,493,494 New Brunswick -Quaternary history 402,412,413 . 43,63,64,65 Newfoundland -Quaternary history 400,416 Olduvai Normal-Polarity Subchron . 1,152 Newfoundland Ice Cap 402 Olympia Nonglacial Interval .... 50,52,57,70,72 Newfoundland Uplands 395,416 Omaralluk Formation 144,215,228,237 Newtonian viscous model 566 Omineca Belt 22

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Emerson Phase 243 Omineca Mountains 26,57 Fort Ann phase 373 Onondaga Escarpment . 328 Garibaldi phase 74 Ontario Island 347 Gimli Phase 243 Ontario Lobe 340,347 Glacial Episode II 64 Opasatika River 230 Glacial Episode III 65 Opemiska Lake 272 Herman Phase 161 Orangeville Moraine 331 Houghton Phase 248 Organic . 672,673,674 Ivitak phase 263 Organic Cryosols 676 Kinojevis Phase 272 186,238,245,247,553 Korah Phase 243,270 valley 182,218,240,243,269,349,358,373 Lochart Phase 161,240 468 Otto Glacier Madawaska Phase 416 Outlet Millville-Dungarvon phase 416 Chicago outlet 248,350 Moorhead Phase 240,242 Fenelon Falls outlet 349 Nachvak phase 263 Kirkfield outlet 240,349 Nipissing 339,340,350 North Bay outlet 240,248,373 Plaster Rock-Chaleur phase 416 Port Huron outlet 248,349,350 Sheguiandah Phase 270 Owl Creek -dispersal train 655 Tutsieta Lake Phase 126,128,131,132,136 Pacific Ocean lithosphere 22 Physiographic regimes -river processes 596-597 Pacific Plate 25 Physiography -Canada 577-583 Paleobotany -case histories 483-539 Piedmont Moraine 416 Paleoecology 483-539 Pierreville Formation 366 500-507 Pilot Mill Till 488 British Columbia 70-72 Pinard Moraine 244 eastern Cordillera 73-74 Pipun Stage 162 Graham Island 488-491 Pitz Formation 198 Pollen analyses 483-530 Placer deposits -Canada 687-694 southern Canadian Interior Plains 162-164 Placer gold deposits Canada -stratigraphy 689 Yukon Territory 72-73 Placers *see also Gold placers Paleoplain 397,399,417 Placers -Beauce region 326 Paleosols 63,72,157,411,418,496,511 Plains Ice 184,187 Palsas 750 Plaster Rock-Chaleur phase 416 Paradise Moraine 263,264 Platinum placer deposits 692 Paraglacial concept 576,594 Pleistocene Epoch Paris Moraine 329 Plum Point Interstade 323,346,371 445 Podsols 672,674,675 Parry Peninsula 128 Pointe Saint-Nicolas Till 366 Paskapoo Formation 721 Polar Continental Shelf Project 469 Pasley River 191,194,202 Polar Front 412,421 Pasquia Moraine 242 Polybog 494 Patorfik marine beds .... 752,775 Pop-ups 329 Patrician ice centre 236 Poplar River 692 Payne centre 274 19,68,70,72,131,138,140,493,494 42,52,63,66,68,130,140,141,497,692 Port Arthur Hills 215 Peary Land 763,764,765 Port au Port Peninsula 420 Peat resources -Canada 676-684 Port Bruce Stade 341,371 Peatland types 679 Port Huron Moraine 347 Peel Plateau 26,63 Port Huron outlet 248,349,350 70,125 Port Huron Stade 347 Peel Sound Formation .. 191,196 Port Stanley Till 341,346,347 Pelican Mountains 141 Port Talbot 1,11 323,337,338,344,346,371 Pelly Mountains 26 Portage Mountain 66 Peltier, W.R 562-568 Possession Drift 57 Pembina spillway 161 Pottery Road Formation 337,345,346 184,279,297 Prairie steps 140 Penny Surface 445 Pre-Late Wisconsinan 258 Penokean Hills 215 Pre-Reid 68 Perch Lake 526 Pre-Sangamonian 49,66,410,498 ... 136,582,607-611 Pre-Wisconsinan 119,203,344 Petit Matane Till 423 Prelate Paleosol 157 Petite Nation River 269 Presant, E.W 673-674 Petlura Moraine 161 Prest, V.K 5 Phair Lake 523 Prince Albert Lobe 127,129 Phase Prince Albert Peninsula 105,121,126,128,133,134 270 Aylen Phase Prince Edward County Peninsula 329 .373 Belleville phase -Quaternary History 395,416 131 Campbell Phase Prince Gustav Adolf Sea 451 240 Cass Phase Prince of 191,195,201,202,205,214,554 Chignecto phase 415

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Prince of Wales Lobe 127 Rigaud Mountains 350 Prince of Wales Lowland 191,194 Risk assessment -geological hazards 712 102,128 Ritchie, J.C 508-512 Prince Rupert 704 River morphology 602-603 Proto- 394 River processes Puget Lobe 57 bed load 601-602 Puget Lowland 25,40,53 dissolved solids 602 Qivitu Foreland 286,288 fluvial erosion intensity 599 Qu'Appelle Moraine 161 fluvial sediment transfer 604 Quadra Sand 51,52,57 geomorphic processes 595-604 Quajon Fiord 290 hydrological regimes 595-596 Quaternary 1 physiographic regimes 596-597 Quaternary geodynamics -Canada 543-572 river morphology 602-603 Quaternary resources -Canada 665-697 sediment transport 599 Quebec North Shore Moraine 255,256,268,403 suspended sediment 599-601 Queen Charlotte Islands 21,45,65,66,67,486 Rivière à la Baleine 265 Queen Charlotte Islands refugium 486-491 Rivière à la Patate Till 422 Queen Charlotte Ranges 63 Rivière Alluviaq 265 Queen Charlotte Sound 44 Rivière aux Mélèzes 273,274 Queen Charlotte-Fairweather Fault 24,25 Rivière aux Vaches Formation 367 Queen Elizabeth Islands Rivière Broadback 272,273 climate 448 Rivière Caniapiscau 274,275 464 Rivière de Rupert 272,273 last glaciation 452.453,454,553,556 Rivière Eastmain 273 last interglaciation 452,553,556 Rivière George 265 nonglacial deposits 451 Rivière Jupiter Till 422 northeast Ellesmere Island 459-464 Rivière Koroc 265 paleoenvironment 457.458 Rivière Laforge area 273 permafrost 448 Rivière Manicouagan 255,269 physiography 119,445 Rivière Mécatina 269 Quaternary history 452 Rivière Moisie 269 surficial materials 449 Rivière Nastapoca 273 Queen Elizabeth Islands Glacier Complex 454 Rivière Natashquan 269 182,191 Rivière Nottaway 259 Queenston Shale 341 Rivière Ouareau 270 Quinn Lake readvance 208 Rivière Romaine 269 Radiocarbon dating 5 Rivière Saguenay 269 Rainy Lobe 239,240,242 Rivière Saint-Maurice 269 -Ennadai belt 655 Rivière Sainte-Anne 270 Rannoch Till 347 Roaring River Clay 146 Rasmussen Lowland 191,194 459,460 Rat River 125,131 Robinson's Head readvance 416 716 Rock avalanches 585,707,726-727 Rawdon Till 411 Rock creep 585 692 Rockfalls 706 Red Head Till 410 Rockslopes 584 Red Indian Lake 400,402,418 491,492,497,510 Red Lake area 236 Rocky Mountain Trench 26,50,52,54 Red River Lobe 238,240 21,26,43,63,66,73,150,155,491,706 Redstone River 130 Rogers Pass 702-703 Redwater River 692 Rosa Formation 154 Reeh, N 793-823 Ross Ice Shelf 34 Refugium 486-491 Roulier Moraine 243,270 Regolith slides -geomorphic processes 589 Running River 125 Regolsolic Turbic Cryosol 676 Rupert Readvance 244 Regosol 671 Island 214 Reid Drift 61,72 Russell Stade 127,131 Reid Glaciation 58,60,61,65 Rutter, N.W 58-70 Reid Lakes 60 Ryder, J.M 26-32,48-58,76-76 289 Saalian 748 Rennell Sound Fault 25 Sachigo Moraine 220,242 Richard, P.J.H 275,512-519 Sachs Till 127 Richards Island 104,126 Sackung 614 Richardson Mountains ... 32,35,63,68,73,74,119,125,128,131,491 Saglek Glaciation 259,263,265 Richardson River valley 208 Saint John River 403,413,415,416 Richmond Gulf 185 Saint-Antonin Moraine 362,376 Richmond Till 410 Saint-François-du-Lac Formation 367,369 Riddell Member 146,154 Saint-Jean-Vianney 588 Riding Mountain 140 Sainte-Marie Moraine 422

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Sakami Moraine 254,255,272,275,518 Shuswap Highlands 74 Salmon River Sand 407 Sidney Interstade 338,494 Sampling procedures -terrain geochemistry 649-653 Silver Creek 58,61 Sand Hills Moraines 127 Silver Lake 526 Sandilands Moraine 161 Simcoe Lobe 347 Sandspit Fault 25 Simpson Lowland 194,195 Sangamon Interglaciation 121,125,126,152,202,204,226,230 Sipiwesk-Cantin Moraine 242 232,234,236,336,345,356,364,367,412,407,410,413,485 Sisimiut Glaciation 750,751,753,756,771,785 500,504,506,507 Sisson Brook 655 Sangamon soil 155 Sitidgi Lake Stade 131,132,136 Sangamonian 1,289,338,418,425,495,500,753,784 Skin flows 591 Sangamonian optimum 356,366 130 Sangamonian sea level 772 Slaymaker, H.O 581-583 Sangamonian Stage 49,50,55,66,154,185,203,225,262 , M.W 577-581 344,345,421,425,500 Snake River Till 68,125 Saskatchewan Gravels and Sands 146,152 Snow avalanches 702-703 Saskatchewan Plain 140 Soil creep 592 Satellite imagery -erosion 184 Soil erosion 593 Sauble Beach 339 Soil formation 669-671 Saugeen River 325,335,339 Soil orders in Canada -Table .... 670 Saulnierville Till 410 Solonetzic 671,673 Sault Ste. Marie 215,218 Solution processes . 616-617 Savante Lake 694 Somerset Island 179,181,191,194,201,205,211,214,445 Scarborough Formation 325,337,343,345,346 Souris channel 161 Schefferville area 259,263 Souris Formation 138 Schuyter Point Sea 127,134 Souris Lobe 161 Schweger, C.E 491-499,520-528 South Mountain Ice Cap 411,412 Scolithos quartzite 758 65,66,119,121,125 Scoresby Sund . 756,758,761,784 South Saskatchewan Gravels 138 Scott, J.S 713-723 South Seal River 200 Sea 178,210,248,278,298,553 Banks Sea 119 Southeastern Canadian Shield Bell Sea 209,235,546 bedrock geology 249 Champlain Sea 512,518 physiography 249-253 D'Iberville Sea 274,512 Quaternary deposits 253-258 De Geer Sea 412,416,429,430 Quaternary history 258-275 East Coast Sea 127 Southern Canadian Interior Plains . 138-166 Goldthwaite Sea 188,268-270,363,375,416,423,429 bedrock geology 138-141 512,518,692 climate 142-143,164-165 Harrowby Sea 121,126 drainage 141-142 Labrador Sea 182,744 economics 165-166 Laflamme Sea 188,269 Quaternary deposits 143-162 Meek Point Sea 127 Quaternary history 149-162 Prince Gustav Adolf Sea 451 Southern Indian Lake 237 Schuyter Point Sea 127,134 Southern Uplands 406,410 162,188,196,201,209-211,213,225,232,235 Southwestern Canadian Shield 239,244,245,254,272-273 bedrock geology 214-215 Sea level changes 43-48,136,246,247,298,427,457,546,553 physiography 215-220 556-562,772,773 sea level 246-248 Seal River 191,204,238,245 Speleothems 32,57,66,67,70,619 Sebaskachu-Little Drunken Moraine System 268 Spiral Tunnels 704 Sediment transport 599 St. Elias Mountains 21,26,32,40,58,60,61,73,74 Sedimentology of Arctic Fiords Experiment project 279,281 St. Lawrence Lowlands 187,321,322,395,581 Seismic loading 708 economics 323 Seismic model 563 soils 673-674 Selkirk Mountains 703 St. Lawrence Lowlands *see Great Lakes, Selwyn Mountain .... 26,40 St. Lawrence Valley Semiahmoo Drift 50,52,55 St. Lawrence Valley 182,242,269,322,351 Seminary Till 346 bedrock geology 350-351 Sermilik Fjord 755 physiography 351-355 Serpentine Belt 351 Quaternary deposits 355-364 Severn Upland 215,231 Quaternary history 364-377 Shaler Mountains ... .. 102,104,121,126,128,133 St. Louis Sublobe 218,240 Valley 416 St. Marys River 248 Sheguiandah Phase 270 St. (Saint-) Narcisse Moraine 249,254,269,270,359,362,363 Shell Formation 154 369,375,379 Sherbrooke region ... 694 St. Pierre Sediments 356,359,362 411 St. Pierre interstade .. 323,337,346,356,359,366,368,369,371,546 Shulie Lake Till 411 St. Quentin area 416

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Stade Tectonics -Eurekian Rifting Episode 191 Ayr Lake Stade 286,288-290,298 Tee Lakes Formation 154 Baffinland Stade 286,289,290,292 Ten Mile Lake Moraine 419,423,432 Coquitlam Stade 57 Ten Mile Lake readavance 419,430 Franklin Bay Stade 128 Terra Nivea Ice Cap 297 Huron Stade 371 Terrain geochemistry 645-663 Kap Mackenzie Stade 761 325,333,339 M'Clure Stade 121,127,128,129,133,136 Thaw slopes 591-592 Milne Land Stade 763,785 The Pas Moraine 147,157,208,237 Nicolet Stade 367 The Ramparts 34 Nissouri Stade 341,346 Thelon basin 200,202 Port Bruce Stade 341,371 Thelon Esker 208 Port Huron Stade 347 Thelon Formation 196 Russell Stade 127,131 Thermokarst 451,499,610 Sitidgi Lake Stade 131,132,136 Thesiger Lobe 127 Sumas Stade 58 Thetford Mines -dispersal train 655 Sunneshine Stade 289 Thompson Glacier 454,459 Taserqat Stade 786 Thompson River 52,54 Toker Point Stade 125,128,129,131,136 Thomsen Glaciation 119,121 Trois-Rivieres Stade 369 Thomson Moraine 160 Vashon Stade 54,57 Thorncliffe Formation 346 Stage Tiedemann Glacier 74 Bessborough Stage 66 Till Clayhurst Stage 66 Ange-Gardien Till 371 Cockburn Substage 297 Beaver River Till 411 Eemian Stage 748 Bécancour Till 366,367 Pipun Stage 162 Canning Till 346 Saalian Stage 748 Catfish Creek Till 324,341,346,347 Sangamonian Stage 49,50,55,66,154,185,203,225 Chaudière Till 356,369,694 262,344,345,421,425,500 Churchill River Till 204,225,237,238,247,256,263 Weichselian Stage 748 Definition 143 Stanton Sediments 121,126 Donnacona Till 366 Static Cryosols 676 Dundas Till 450,459 Steep Rock -dispersal train 655 Eatonville Till 410 Stewart River 60 Edson Till 65,68 411 Elma Till 341,347 Stikine Belt 25 Ernst Till 65,68 Stikine Plateau 26,40 Erratics Train Till 65 49,53 Flat River Till 65 Stirton Till 347 Foothills Erratics Train 43,65,68,144,155 Stoke Mountain Moraine 372 Gentilly Till 362,369 Stoughton Moraine 160 Grand Volume Till 423 Strandflat 33 Halton Till 341 Stratford Till 347 Hants Till 410 Succession 520 Haïtien Till 410 Lake 526 Hummingbird Till 65 Sumas Drift 54 Jackfish Creek Till 65,68 Sumas Stade 58 Jesse Till 121,127,128 Sunneshine Stade 289 Joggins Till 410 Sunnybrook Till 346 Johnville Till 356,366 Superior Lobe 236,239 Kellett Till 121 Surficial aquifer 717 Labuma Till 43,63,154 Suspended sediment 599-601 Lamoral Till 68 Sutherland Group 152,154 Langis Till 423 Sutton Hills 215,225,237,714,720 Lawrencetown Till 410 Sutton Mountains 351 Lennoxville Till 370,371 Svartenhuk marine beds 753,777 Liddon Till 459 Sverdrup Basin 445,449,467 Main Brook Till 425 Swan Hills 18,141 Marlboro Till 65,68 Swan River 716 Marsh Creek Till 65 Current Channel 160 Maryhill Till 341,347 Sydkap Glacier 468 Matheson Till 236 Sydney-Mira Bay 411 Maunsell Till 64,154 Sylvan Lake Till 65,68 Maycroft Till 64 218 McCarron Brook Till 410 Taiga Valley 64 Meadowcliffe Till 346 Tamagodi Till 423 Mercy Till 127 Tanquary Fiord 454,462 Middle Till Complex 363 Tamocai, C 675-684 Mornington Till 341,347 Taserqat Stade 786 Odanak Till 366 Tasiuyak Moraine 265 Petit Matane Till 423 Tavistock Till 341,347 Pilot Mill Till 488

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Pointe Saint-Nicolas Till 366 Vixen Lake -dispersal train . 655 Port Stanley Till 341,346,347 Volcanic processes . 615 Rannoch Till 347 . 721 Rawdon Till 411 Waconichi ice advance . 272 Red Head Till 410 Waddy Lake -dispersal train ... 655 Richmond Till 410 . 213 Rivière à la Patate Till 422 Wanapietei River . 694 Rivière Jupiter Till 422 Wapawekka Upland 141 Sachs Till 127 Ward Hunt Ice Shelf . 464,466,469,472 Saulnierville Till 410 Wartburg Till 341,347 Seminary Till 346 Wasaga beach 339 Shulie Lake Till 411 Washington 40,42 Stirton Till 347 Waskesiu Upland 141 Stratford Till 347 Waterhen River ... 692 Sunnybrook Till 346 Waterloo Moraine 331,334 Sylvan Lake Till 65,68 Waterton I advance 154 Tamagodi Till 423 Waterton II advance 64 Tavistock Till 341,347 Waterton IV-Hidden Creek advance 65,66 Wartburg Till 341,347 Waterton Lakes 63,64,65,68 Winter Harbour Till 134,204,459 Watino Interval 157,496 York Till 345 Webb, K 674-675 Till *see also identified by name 34,143,340-341,449 Weichselian 748 Tingwick-Ulverton Moraine 372 Wellsch Farm Formation ... 152 Fault 24 Wernecke Mountains .. 63 Tintina Trench 26,64,65 West Greenland Current.... 749 Tinutyaruik Moraine 263 West River 128 Toker Point Stade 125,128,129,131,136 Western Arctic Archipelago .. 99 Tom Creek Silt 60,61 Western System .. 26 250,253,255,258,259,264,265,519 Westlynn Drift . 49,55 Touchwood Hills 141 Westwold Sediments 50,57 Tracadie Peninsula 415 Weyburn Lobe 161 Trent Valley 333,349 Whidbey Formation 55 Trois-Rivières Stade 369 White Channel gravels 32,64,78,691 Trough 182,253,445,584 White Glacier . 465,467,469 Peninsula .... 104,121,125,126,128,136,494,512,525 White, O.L 729-732 517,582,583 Whitewater Moraine 243 Turbic Cryosols 675 Whycocomagh area 411 Turtle Mountain 138 Wigwam Creek Formation . 232 Tutsieta Lake Moraine 131 Wilson, J. Tuzo 5 Tutsieta Lake Phase .... 126,128,131,132,136 Windigo Lobe . 220,224,236 Tuya 33,49 Wingham-Dundas Valley ... 328 Twelvemile Bluff. 493 Winisk River 225,246 Two Creeks Interstade 240,347,349,368 Winona Block 25 Two Loon Moraine 259,262,265 Winter Harbour Till . 134,204,459 Two Rivers advance 349 Wisconsin Glaciation 126,185,263,500,546,671,771 Two Rivers Moraine 240 Wisconsinan 2,155,201,289,668,709 Tyner Valley 720 interstade .... 129,155,776,784 Tyrell, J.R 4 sea level 773 494 Wisconsinan Stade 155 Tyrrell Sea 162,188,196,201,209-211,213,225,232,235 Wisconsinan Stage 50,182,201,233,234 239,244,245,254,272-273 Wisconsinan-Holocene transition 785 179,253,297,512,518 105,133 Union Strait 102,132,133 Wood Mountain 138,141,150,154 Upham, W 4 Woodmore Formation 154 Urban planning -hydrogeology 729-732 Worth Point Formation .... 115,116,120,136 Valders readvance 240 Wrangell Belt 26 Valentine, K.W.G 668,671-672 Wrigley Lake 129 Vancouver Island 21,40,52,70 Wyoming Moraine 329,347 stratification 343,486 Yamnuska Bog 496 Vashon Stade 54,57 Yarmouthian Age 152,164 Vegetation pattern -Quebec-Labrador 512-519 Yeltea Lake 131 Vermilion River Formation 694,723 York Till 345 Vertical tectonic movements 613 event 412,419,421,554 Island .... 100,101,102,104,121,128,129,133,186,196,211 Yukon Coastal Plain 70,74,105,119,121,125,129 Victoria Lowland 191 26,40 Vincent, J-S 100-137,178-189,249-275, Yukon refugium 492 Visco-elastic model 563 Yukon Territory -Chronology 42 Viscount Melville Sound 104,129,133,134,187,204 Yukon Territory -Quaternary History 19,24,58-60,72 Viscount Melville Sound Ice Shelf 457 Zero curtain 605 Viscous flow model < 566

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