Cornell University—Ithaca Building Energy Report Fiscal Year 2017

Prepared by: Energy & Sustainability Department Humphreys Service Building Ithaca, NY 14850

December 2017 Cornell University Building Energy Report FY 2017 ______

Table of Contents Executive Summary: ...... 1 Building Metering: ...... 3 Campus Space Snapshot: ...... 4 Steam Consumption ...... 5 Electric Consumption ...... 6 Chilled Water Consumption ...... 7 Building Energy Use Intensity ...... 8

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Cornell University Building Energy Report FY 2017 ______

Executive Summary: ECI efforts continue to lower total building energy Fiscal year 2017 building energy consumption for central energy plant provided commodities (i.e. consumption electric, steam and chilled water) was approximately 4% below budget. Total building TOTAL BLDG ENERGY MMBTU energy consumption was 2,058,000 mmBTU 2,200,000 versus the budgeted value of 2,138,000 mmBTU. Actuals are approximately 3% below the weather corrected budget. Notable factors impacting energy consumption are the following:

1) Energy Conservation Initiative (ECI): On‐going Campus ECI efforts are exceeding expectations 2,100,000 regarding building energy consumption. Correcting for the weather, actual steam consumption is 5% below budgeted consumption. Weather corrected chilled water consumption is 6% below budget. ______2,000,000 BUDGET BUDGET ACTUAL (Weather 2) Mild Winter: Actual heating degree days (an Corrected) engineering heating metric) were 8% below budget. Actuals were 6,525 heating degree days Winter 8% warmer than versus a budget of 7,061. Of particular note is budget February, which was 20% warmer than budgeted. ______Heating Degree Days 3) LED Project: The Campus wide LED project was roughly budgeted to reduce electric consumption 9,000 7,771 7,822 8,000 by 10 million kwh. We estimate the actual savings 7,061 as approximately 9 million kwh. 7,000 6,462 6,525 ______6,000

4) Wilson Lab: Wilson Lab usage was 25.7 million 5,000 kwh, 12% total campus usage. Budgeted usage 4,000 was 22 million kwh. 3,000 2,000

1,000 ‐ Budget FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY17

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Energy Use Intensity:

Energy Use Intensity (kBTU per GSF) for each commodity is below the respective weather corrected projected values. The results demonstrates that efforts to reduce building energy consumption across campus through energy conservation and proper maintenance are effective. Please note (1) cooling energy is the actual energy of the cooling versus the electric energy input to produce the cooling and (2) GSF for each commodity is different. ______

GSF: 8.7 million GSF FY17 CEP ‐ Ithaca Campus Chilled Water (kBtu/GSF)

Actual_EUI 56.7

Budget (Weather 60.7 Corrected) EUI

0 10203040506070

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GSF: 12.8 million GSF FY17 CEP ‐ Ithaca Campus Steam (kBtu/GSF)

Actual_EUI 63.9

Budget (Weather 67.6 Corrected) EUI 0 10203040506070

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GSF: 14 million GSF FY17 CEP ‐ Ithaca Campus Electric (kBtu/GSF)

Actual_EUI 50.2

Budget EUI 49.5

0 10203040506070 ______FY17 Building Energy Report Page 2 Cornell University Building Energy Report FY 2017 ______

Building Metering:

The Cornell Central Energy Plant provides campus heating (steam), electric and cooling (chilled water) to Ithaca campus facilities. These facilities are metered Meter data for all facilities to allow for the recovery of the costs of production, is available online – see procurement, and maintenance from University the facilities info tab at departments and administrative units based on usage for each utility. The meters are “Revenue” grade https://ipp.cornell.edu/bui versus “HVAC” grade. A brief introduction of the lding‐information‐and‐ metering system for each commodity follows: documents Electric meters: Over 200 facility codes are metered. In addition, there are numerous sub‐meters, especially for newer buildings to allow for enhanced usage visibility (i.e. plug load versus lighting). The To meet financial reporting Electric metering system has a circuit report. Circuits deadlines the billing month are verified from the building level up through hierarchical circuits to the main production for consumption data is not meters. Meters can be verified either from a parallel the same as the calendar data logger installed on the service or a revenue grade replacement meter is installed in its place month!

Steam meters: Over 150 facilities are metered. The condensate is actually metered because of the difficulty in reliable steam metering. This Steam/Condensate Metering System is verified monthly by a sales to production report. Anomalies are flagged. Suspect units are checked vs their consumption history. Metering units are The number of billing days standardized to two manufacturers to facilitate in the billing month does competition, as well as, to keep simple enough for document record keeping. vary from FY to FY and needs to be considered for Chilled Water meters: Over 100 facilities are metered for chilled water. Chilled Water Metering is verified those doing monthly based by use of a sales to production analysis! report. Anomalies are flagged. Suspect units are checked versus their consumption history. Meters are also checked by a download of meter information to an excel spreadsheet for an initial check for suspect data.

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Campus Space Snapshot:

The amount of space associated with each commodity differs significantly. This is important when performing Since 2007, Cornell has energy use intensity (EUI) analysis which focuses on energy (kBTU) per gross square foot (GSF). The space hierarchy is added over 1 million GSF of Electric GSF > Steam GSF > District Cooling GSF. For FY 2017 new conditioned space, the GSF associated with each commodity is as follows: most lab & research type Commodity GSF connected buildings (approx.) Electric 14,100,000 Steam 12,700,000 District Cooling (i.e. Lake Source Cooling) 9,100,000 GSF History 14.5 We categorize the campus space with each facility assigned a College/Unit. Campus Life (i.e. dorms/campus housing) is 14 the largest category with 19% of the total GSF. The College Millions of Information Science (i.e. Gates Hall) is the smallest at < 13.5 1%. The only major building addition for FY17 is Klarman Hall. The major deduction is GSF associated with the Vet 13 School project. The Gannet Health facility is categorized as a FY18 addition. 12.5

% of 12 College/Unit GSF (1,000s) Total CAMPUS LIFE 2,660 19% 11.5 CALS 2,310 16% ARTS SCIENCES 2,080 15% ADMIN SUPPORT 1,230 9% GSF_2006 GSF_2007 GSF_2008 GSF_2009 GSF_2010 GSF_2011 GSF_2012 GSF_2013 GSF_2014 GSF_2015 GSF_2016 GSF_2017 ENGINEERING 1,180 8% VET SCHOOL 900 6% ATHLETICS PHYSED 670 5% HUMAN ECOLOGY 550 4% PROVOST SPECIAL 540 4% LIBRARIES 490 3% HOTEL ADMIN 350 2% ILR 280 2% ARCH ART PLAN 240 2% LAW SCHOOL 230 2% JOHNSON MBA 150 1% BTI 120 1% INFORMATION SCIENCE 110 1% TOTAL GSF (Rounded) 14,100 100%

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Steam Consumption: FY 2017 steam well below Energy use for heating is at an all time low (at least since FY 1990). FY 2017 steam consumption was weather adjusted budget. approximately 808,000klbs (830,000 mmBTU). Actuals were 10% below the budgeted value of 890,000 klbs, and well below the weather adjusted Building steam usage is budget value of 845,000 klbs. The steam budget was trending downward based on 7,061 HDD; however, the actual HDD were 6,525 (8% less heating degree days). despite campus growth

Steam usage has remained flat over the last 20‐years Steam Sales (mmlbs) despite significant campus growth and renovation. Without conservation, steam usage would be 25% ‐ 1,100 1,049 1,090 1,081 1,030 1,017 1,012 1,008

30% higher. 1,005 990 985 983 982 1,000 974 946 Ten facilities/complex consume 29% of campus steam. 944

These facilities are primarily large research/lab 900 882 buildings that have significant outdoor air 810 requirements or special heating requirements (i.e. 808 800 greenhouses).

700 Facility Actual klbs % of Cumulative Total % 1164 Vet Medical Center 42,691 5.3% 5.3% 600 3212 Robert Purcell 28,738 3.6% 8.8% Community Ctr 500 2000 Duffield Hall 27,708 3.4% 12.3% 1014 Weill Hall 23,256 2.9% 15.2% 1150C Schurman Hall 22,807 2.8% 18.0% FY_2000 FY_2002 FY_2004 FY_2006 FY_2008 FY_2010 FY_2012 FY_2014 FY_2016 1018 Biotechnology 21,318 2.6% 20.6% 1028B 21,198 2.6% 23.2% STEAM USAGE 2087 Uris Hall 17,237 2.1% 25.4% 2082 Clark Hall 17,076 2.1% 27.5% 2019 Baker Laboratory 15,865 2.0% 29.4% Top 10 Bldgs Top 10 Totals 237,894 29% Campus Totals 807,871 Rest of Campus 71%

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Electric Consumption: FY17 Electric Sales are the Electric consumption for FY 2017 was 208 million kwh; lowest in the last 20 years; approximately 4 million kwh higher than the budgeted despite campus growth of value of 204 million kwh. Much of the increase is over 2 million GSF associated with Wilson Lab, which used 25.7 million kwh versus the 22 million budgeted. The FY17 budget included a reduction of approximately 10 million kwh Total Campus Sales (kwh) from the LED program. We estimate the actual 237 reductions at 9 million kwh. 236 234 233 232

240 231 231 227

226 223 223 222 222 Millions

Ten facilities (see table below) are responsible for 37% 216 213 220 213

of the campus electric sales despite being just 16% of 208 the space. These ten facilities have a large research/lab focus. 200

180 % of Cumulative Facility Actual kwh total % 160 2085 Wilson Synch 25,660,300 12% 12% 1164 Vet Medical Center 8,899,200 4% 17% 140 2000 Duffield Hall 7,818,400 4% 20% 2051 Frank H T Rhodes Hall 6,771,100 3% 24% 120 1014 Weill Hall 6,314,000 3% 27% 1018 Biotechnology 4,819,800 2% 29% 100 1028B Bradfield Hall 4,183,600 2% 31% 1076 4,155,000 2% 33% FY_2001 FY_2003 FY_2005 FY_2007 FY_2009 FY_2011 FY_2013 FY_2015 FY_2017 2082 Clark Hall 3,924,500 2% 35% 2076 Physical Sciences Ten facilities consume

Building 3,818,400 2% 37% 37% of electric Top Ten Totals 76,364,300 Campus Totals 207,643,000

Top 10 Bldgs

37%

Rest of Campus 63%

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Chilled Water Consumption: Since 2000, GSF associated

Chilled Water consumption for FY 2017 was 43.9 with chilled water has grown million ton‐hrs; 2.8 million ton‐hrs lower than the weather adjusted budgeted value of 46.7 million ton‐ 37%, over 2.3 million GSF of hrs. Ten facilities use 38% of the campus chilled water. new/renovated conditioned The facilities are major lab/research facilities with space. significant airflow requirements.

The 15+ year trend in chilled water sales reflects the Chilled Water Sales (ton‐hr) growth of “conditioned” buildings. The GSF of 50 49 48 “conditioned” space has increased over 35% due to 47 new growth and renovations. In addition, the Central 45 45 Energy Plant usage of chilled water increased 45 43 44 Millions 42 dramatically with the start‐up of combined heat & 41 40 41 40 40 power in FY2010. Finally, growth in summer 39 40 38 programs/camps have increased building summer 36 35 occupancy. 35

% of Cumulative 30 29 Facility Actuals total % 2000 Duffield Hall 2,387,400 5% 5% 25 1164 Vet Medical Center 2,338,500 5% 11% 2085 Wilson Synch 2,069,600 5% 15% 20 2051 Frank H T Rhodes Hall 1,971,300 4% 20% FY_2000 FY_2002 FY_2004 FY_2006 FY_2008 FY_2010 FY_2012 FY_2014 FY_2016 1014 Weill Hall 1,951,700 4% 24% 2082 Clark Hall 1,377,300 3% 28% Ten facilities use 37% of 1018 Biotechnology 1,365,000 3% 31% 2076 Physical the chilled water for FY16 Sciences Building 1,166,200 3% 33% 2087 Uris Hall 1,052,300 2% 36% 1041A Stocking Hall Addition 920,900 2% 38% Top Ten Totals 16,600,200 Top 10 Campus Totals 43,934,400 Bldgs 38%

Rest of Campus 62%

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Building Energy Use Intensity

Building Energy Use Intensity (EUI) is provided for each commodity (chilled water, electric and steam) along with natural gas usage at the building (if data readily available from ebs). The EUI is based on the largest connected GSF. The highest EUIs are associated with intensive lab/research spaces.

The list below only include facilities with at least two commodities provided by the central energy plant. This typically includes electric and steam.

The campus average EUI is 153 kBtu/GSF, 48 for chilled water, 51 for electric, 64 for steam and 21 for natural gas used at the buildings.

EUI > 300 kBtu/GSF: There are eight facilities with EUI’s. Duffield Hall is the highest at 560, followed by East Campus Research Facility and the Vet Medical Center. ECRF uses a large quantity of natural gas for hot water cage washing. Note: for this analysis we have excluded two unique facilities, (1) Wilson Lab and (2) Vet Waste Management Facility.

EUI (kBtu/GSF) > 300

1014 Weill Hall 86 79 53 88 306

1018 Biotechnology 94 95 ‐ 126 315

2070 Bard Hall 113 68 154 335

1164 Vet Medical Center 87 94 48 137 367

1165 East Campus Research Facility 106 91 236 100 533

2000 Duffield Hall 191 178 191 560

‐ 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Chilled Water Electric Natural Gas Steam Total EUI

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EUI: 200 to 300 kBtu/GSF The majority of these facilities have significant lab/research component, such as the Guterman Complex with the research greenhouses, which have special lighting and heating needs. The “non‐lab” buildings include the Johnson Museum of Art (which has special building conditioning requirements) and the Wrestling Center.

EUI (kBtu/GSF) 200 to 300

2076 Physical Sciences Building 69 64 ‐ 68 200

2087 Uris Hall 68 39 ‐ 95 201

2084 Space Sciences Building ‐ Crsr 31 54 119 204

2638 Friedman Wrestling Center 40 30 137 207

2086 Johnson Museum Of Art 82 32 ‐ 98 212

2037K Kimball Hall 50 67 105 221

1166 Animal Health Diagnostic Cntr 75 87 71 234

1150ABCDEF Schurman Hall + Others 36 40 164 240

1140 Vet Research Tower 56 75 ‐ 113 244

2051 Frank H T Rhodes Hall 110 108 33 251

2029 Newman, Floyd D. Laboratory 90 106 57 253

1028B Bradfield Hall + 1028E Emerson Hall 65 65 1 123 255

1068 Guterman Complex 120 8 131 260

1019 Biological Science Complex 74 98 87 260

2083 Olin Chemistry Research Wing 71 65 ‐ 138 275

1076 Boyce Thompson Institute 90 121 67 279

‐ 50 100 150 200 250 300

Chilled Water Electric Natural Gas Steam Total EUI

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EUI: 100 to 200 kBtu/GSF

This grouping includes a mixture of facility types: libraries, dorms, athletic facilities, research and academic facilities. Facilities in this grouping include Helen Newman Hall, Riley Robb, Mann Library and Clark Hall.

The campus average EUI is 153 kBtu/GSF, 48 for chilled water, 51 for electric, 64 for steam and 21 for natural gas used at the buildings.

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EUI (kBtu/GSF) 100 to 200

2047A Kroch,Carl A Library 41 27 33 101

1024 Bailey Hall 22 38 41 101

2616 Helen Newman Hall 39 62 101

2088 The Cornell Store 35 54 18 107

3202 Court_Mews_Kay_Bauer Residence… 28 32 50 109

2021 Myron Taylor Hall 29 32 48 109

1043 Livestock Pavilion 3 107 110

3004N_S_T Baker Complex 15 95 110

1027 Mann Library 31 36 47 113

2009 39 24 52 115

2046 Hollister Hall 23 36 60 119

2613 10 55 55 119

2007 Olive Tjaden Hall 27 98 125

1011 Human Ecology Building 38 44 46 128

2040 Big Red Barn 41 88 129

2032 Savage Hall 39 43 ‐ 52 133

1064 Morrison Hall 9 35 ‐ 89 133

2020 30 31 74 135

2631A Friedman Strength & Condtn Ctr 41 27 69 138

1041_1041A_Stocking Hall Food Science… 46 54 ‐ 44 144

2049 Snee Hall Geological Science 44 53 48 145

2019 Baker Laboratory 42 34 70 146

2039H Phillips Hall 52 38 57 147

1062 Riley‐Robb Hall 22 41 86 148

‐ 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Chilled Water Electric Natural Gas Steam Total EUI

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EUI (kBtu/GSF) 100 to 200

1022 Plant Science Building 32 41 ‐ 78 152

2008 Lincoln Hall 62 29 61 152

ZZ_Campus Totals 48 51 21 64 153

3007 Anna Comstock House 13 149 162

1081 Comstock Hall‐Academic II 40 62 61 162

3204 Robert J & Helen Appel Commons 52 62 52 165

1162B Large Animal Isolation 145 28 173

3011 Lyon Hall 40 136 175

1084A Ruminant Nutrition Lab + 1084B Lrg… 22 53 104 179

2033A Statler Hotel 44 52 91 187

2082 Clark Hall 67 54 ‐ 71 193

1016 Computing & Communications Ctr 87 84 22 194

1042A_W Wing Hall and Wing 54 57 85 195

2704 Gannett Health Services 37 83 76 196

2024 Olin Hall 58 62 ‐ 78 198

‐ 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Chilled Water Electric Natural Gas Steam Total EUI

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EUI: 22 to 100 kBtu/GSF

This grouping includes a mixture of facility types: libraries, dorms, athletic facilities, research and academic facilities. Facilities in this grouping include Helen Newman Hall, Riley Robb, Mann Library and Clark Hall.

The campus average EUI is 153 kBtu/GSF, 48 for chilled water, 51 for electric, 64 for steam and 21 for natural gas used at the buildings.

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EUI (kBtu/GSF) 22 to 100

2006 A D White House 8 14 22 1047 Cals Surge Facility 11 21 32 3016 PDC Shops Annex 3 33 36 2014 Rockefeller Hall 2 17 19 38 3012 McFaddin Hall 4 36 40 2003 Mcgraw Hall 10 31 41 2080B_C E Ithaca Environmental Health and Pipe…3 41 44 2011 Stimson Hall 8 12 26 46 1003 Ives Hall Faculty Wing 7 21 21 49 3802 Paul Milstein Hall 21 17 12 50 2013 Goldwin Smith Hall_2013A Klarman Hall 12 18 23 54 2038 Anabel Taylor Hall 8 49 56 4767 Thurston Ave 626,Alumni House 16 42 58 1026 Warren Hall 13 26 19 59 3090 Sheldon Court 18 42 60 4741 Forest Park La 2,Psi Upsilon 8 53 61 1070 Bruckner Lab 10 21 32 62 3001 Cascadilla Hall 22 42 64 3018 Clara Dickson Hall 15 ‐ 51 65 2631 Bartels Hall1 28 37 66 3028 Hughes Hall 3 18 46 66 2061 Ward Center For Nuclear Stdies1 31 33 66 1025 Caldwell Hall 2 22 44 68 1029 Fernow Hall 14 27 27 68 3003 Risley 17 52 68 3010B Maple Ave 120 49 21 71 1033 Beebe Hall 29 42 71 2005 9 63 72 3009 15 57 73 3026 Mary Donlon Hall 22 52 73 2016 Schwartz Ctr‐Performing Arts 35 40 75 1001 5 19 52 76 3005 Founders Hall 15 61 76 3006H_6T Boldt Complex 14 63 77 1007_1008_1009_ILR_Complex 21 28 29 77 3201 George Jameson Hall 22 56 78 2047 Olin Library 21 20 37 78 3126 Noyes Lodge ‐ Beebe Lake 48 30 78 1162A Poultry Virus Laboratory 12 ‐ 67 79 0 102030405060708090100

Chilled Water Electric Natural Gas Steam Total EUI

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EUI (kBtu/GSF) 22 to 100

2004 Sibley Hall 11 22 46 80 2081 Malott Hall 16 26 39 80 3034 William T. Keeton House 20 28 33 81 3033 Hans Bethe House 18 29 35 82 2611 Teagle Hall 30 52 82 4777 Maryann Wd 120, Phi Kappa Psi 26 57 84 2001 Morrill Hall 11 23 49 84 1015A M Van Rensselaer Hall 23 33 1 28 84 4747 Forest Park Lane 1, Sigma Phi 24 61 85 2026 Day Hall 29 23 34 85 1040 Rice Hall 7 79 86 1080 Kennedy & Roberts Complex 21 31 33 86 2002 White Hall 24 23 40 86 2043 Grumman Hall + 2045 Upson Hall Complex 17 27 43 88 3035 Flora Rose House 18 35 35 88 3002 30 40 18 88 2610 Grumman Squash Courts 21 68 88 3036 Noyes Community And Rec Center 19 41 30 90 4776 Maryann Wd 104,Delta Tau Delta 20 70 90 2023 Humphreys Service Bldg 30 24 38 91 2010 Uris Library 33 27 35 95 2033 Statler Hall & Auditorium 39 39 18 95 2017 Rand Hall 26 27 43 96 2602B Schoellkopf Memorial 23 37 37 96 2015 Foundry 17 80 97 3032 Carl Becker House 20 27 51 98 1015W M Van Rensselaer West 25 24 48 98 2042 Carpenter Hall 26 30 42 98 3031 Alice H. Cook House 20 32 48 99

‐ 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Chilled Water Electric Natural Gas Steam Total EUI

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