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Protection of Civilians Weekly Report
U N I TOCHA E D Weekly N A Report: T I O 28N FebruaryS – 6 March 2007 N A T I O N S| 1 U N I E S OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS P.O. Box 38712, East Jerusalem, Phone: (+972) 2-582 9962 / 582 5853, Fax: (+972) 2-582 5841 [email protected], www.ochaopt.org Protection of Civilians Weekly Report 28 February – 6 March 2007 Of note this week The IDF imposed a total closure on the West Bank during the Jewish holiday of Purim between 2 – 5 March. The closure prevented Palestinians, including workers, with valid permits, from accessing East Jerusalem and Israel during the four days. It is a year – the start of the 2006 Purim holiday – since Palestinian workers from the Gaza Strip have been prevented from accessing jobs in Israel. West Bank: − On 28 February, the IDF re-entered Nablus for one day to continue its largest scale operation for three years, codenamed ‘Hot Winter’. This second phase of the operation again saw a curfew imposed on the Old City, the occupation of schools and homes and house-to-house searches. The IDF also surrounded the three major hospitals in the area and checked all Palestinians entering and leaving. According to the Nablus Municipality 284 shops were damaged during the course of the operation. − Israeli Security Forces were on high alert in and around the Old city of Jerusalem in anticipation of further demonstrations and clashes following Friday Prayers at Al Aqsa mosque. Due to the Jewish holiday of Purim over the weekend, the Israeli authorities declared a blanket closure from Friday 2 March until the morning of Tuesday 6 March and all major roads leading to the Old City were blocked. -
Palestine (5A3ette
XLbe Palestine (5a3ette Ipubltebeb b^ Hutbority No. 632 THURSDAY, 24TH SEPTEMBER, 1936 949 CONTENTS Page BILL PUBLISHED FOR INFORMATION ־ Pensions (Palestine Gendarmerie) Ordinance, 1936 - - 951 ORDINANCES CONFIRMED ־ - ־ Confirmation of Ordinances Nos. 44 and 57 of 1936 953 GOVERNMENT NOTICES Appointments, etc. - 953 Obituary ------ 954 Sittings of Court of Criminal Assize - 954 Sale of State Domain in Tiberias - - - - 955 Augmented Air Mail Service to Iraq, Iran and Iranian Gulf Ports - - 955 Tender and Adjudication of Contract - 956 Citation Orders - - - - - 956 Bankruptcy 957 EETURNS Quarantine and Infectious Diseases Summary - 95V Financial Statement at the 31st May, 1936 - - - - 958 Statement of Assets and Liabilities at the 31st May, 1936 - - - 960 Persons entering and leaving Palestine during August, 1936 - - 962 Persons changing their Names - 964 REGISTRATION OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES, COMPANIES, PARTNERSHIPS, ETC. - 965 CORRIGENDA - - - - .958 SUPPLEMENT No. 2. The following subsidiary legislation is published in Supplement No. 2 which forms part of this Gazette:— Court Fees (Amendment) Rules, 1936, under the Courts Ordinances, 1924-1935, and the ־ - - Magistrates' Courts Jurisdiction Ordinance, 1935 1119 Tariffs for the Transport of Goods under the Government Railways Ordinance, 1936 1120 {Continued) PRICE 30 MILS. CONTENTS {Continued) Page Curfew Order in respect of certain Areas within the Jerusalem District, under the ׳ Emergency Regulations, 1936 - - - 1122 Curfew Orders in respect of the Railway Formations in the Northern District, under the Emergency Regulations, 1936 . 1123 Curfew Orders in respect of the Town Planning Area of Nablus, Jenin—Deir-Sharaf— Tulkarm—Qalqilia Road, Nablus—Jerusalem Road and Municipal Areas of Acre, Jenin and Tulkarm, under the Emergency Regulations, 1936 - 1124 Rules under the Forests Ordinance, 1926, regarding the Forest Ranger at Zikhron Ya'aqov ------ !127 Notice under the Customs Ordinance, 1929, approving a General Bonded Warehouse ־ at the Levant Fair Grounds, Tel Aviv 1127 Order No. -
Migration of Eretz Yisrael Arabs Between December 1, 1947 and June 1, 1948
[Intelligence Service (Arab Section)] June 30, 1948 Migration of Eretz Yisrael Arabs between December 1, 1947 and June 1, 1948 Contents 1. General introduction. 2. Basic figures on Arab migration 3. National phases of evacuation and migration 4. Causes of Arab migration 5. Arab migration trajectories and absorption issues Annexes 1. Regional reviews analyzing migration issues in each area [Missing from document] 2. Charts of villages evacuated by area, noting the causes for migration and migration trajectories for every village General introduction The purpose of this overview is to attempt to evaluate the intensity of the migration and its various development phases, elucidate the different factors that impacted population movement directly and assess the main migration trajectories. Of course, given the nature of statistical figures in Eretz Yisrael in general, which are, in themselves, deficient, it would be difficult to determine with certainty absolute numbers regarding the migration movement, but it appears that the figures provided herein, even if not certain, are close to the truth. Hence, a margin of error of ten to fifteen percent needs to be taken into account. The figures on the population in the area that lies outside the State of Israel are less accurate, and the margin of error is greater. This review summarizes the situation up until June 1st, 1948 (only in one case – the evacuation of Jenin, does it include a later occurrence). Basic figures on Arab population movement in Eretz Yisrael a. At the time of the UN declaration [resolution] regarding the division of Eretz Yisrael, the following figures applied within the borders of the Hebrew state: 1. -
A History of Money in Palestine: from the 1900S to the Present
A History of Money in Palestine: From the 1900s to the Present The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Mitter, Sreemati. 2014. A History of Money in Palestine: From the 1900s to the Present. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12269876 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA A History of Money in Palestine: From the 1900s to the Present A dissertation presented by Sreemati Mitter to The History Department in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts January 2014 © 2013 – Sreemati Mitter All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Professor Roger Owen Sreemati Mitter A History of Money in Palestine: From the 1900s to the Present Abstract How does the condition of statelessness, which is usually thought of as a political problem, affect the economic and monetary lives of ordinary people? This dissertation addresses this question by examining the economic behavior of a stateless people, the Palestinians, over a hundred year period, from the last decades of Ottoman rule in the early 1900s to the present. Through this historical narrative, it investigates what happened to the financial and economic assets of ordinary Palestinians when they were either rendered stateless overnight (as happened in 1948) or when they suffered a gradual loss of sovereignty and control over their economic lives (as happened between the early 1900s to the 1930s, or again between 1967 and the present). -
Beit Sahour City Profile
Beit Sahour City Profile Prepared by The Applied Research Institute – Jerusalem Funded by Spanish Cooperation Azahar Program 2010 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate Acknowledgments ARIJ hereby expresses its deep gratitude to the Spanish agency for International Cooperation for Development (AECID) for their funding of this project through the Azahar Program. ARIJ is grateful to the Palestinian officials in the ministries, municipalities, joint services councils, village committees and councils, and the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) for their assistance and cooperation with the project team members during the data collection process. ARIJ also thanks all the staff who worked throughout the past couple of years towards the accomplishment of this work. 1 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate Background This booklet is part of a series of booklets, which contain compiled information about each city, town, and village in Bethlehem Governorate. These booklets came as a result of a comprehensive study of all localities in Bethlehem Governorate, which aims at depicting the overall living conditions in the governorate and presenting developmental plans to assist in developing the livelihood of the population in the area. It was accomplished through the "Village Profiles and Azahar Needs Assessment;" the project funded by the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation for Development (AECID) and the Azahar Program. The "Village Profiles and Azahar Needs Assessment" was designed to study, investigate, analyze and document the socio-economic conditions and the needed programs and activities to mitigate the impact of the current unsecure political, economic and social conditions in Bethlehem Governorate with particular focus on the Azahar program objectives and activities concerning water, environment, and agriculture. -
Britain's Suppression of the Arab Revolt in Palestine, 1936-39
FROM LAW AND ORDER TO PACIFICATION: BRITAIN’S SUPPRESSION OF THE ARAB REVOLT IN PALESTINE, 1936–39 MATTHEW HUGHES This article examines British human rights abuses against noncom- batants during the 1936–39 Arab Revolt in Palestine, contextualizing brutality in Palestine within British military practice and law for dealing with colonial rebellions in force at the time. It shows that the norms for such operations, and the laws that codified military actions, allowed for some level of systemic, systematic brutality in the form of “collective punishments” and “reprisals” by the British army. The article also details the effects of military actions on Palestinian civilians and rebels and describes torture carried out by the British on Palestinians. Finally, it highlights a methodological problem in examining these sorts of abuses: the paucity of official records and the mismatch between official and unofficial accounts of abuse during counterinsurgency. IN APRIL 1936, the Palestinians launched a countrywide revolt against British rule in Mandatory Palestine and the official policy of support for Jewish immi- gration to the country. While interrupted by a cease-fire from October 1936 to September 1937, the rebellion reached its peak of intensity in 1938, before petering out in mid- to late 1939 with the approaching war in Europe. For long stretches of the rebellion, the British lost control of Palestine, including many major towns and, for about five days in October 1938, the Old City of Jerusalem. This was a substantial colonial revolt requiring a remarkably large force deployment by Britain: two full infantry divisions, or some twenty-five thousand men, with supporting arms by 1938. -
The Women's Affairs Technical Committees
The Women’s Affairs Technical Committee Summary Report – 2010 _________________________________________________________ The Women’s Affairs Technical Committees Summary Report for the period of January 1st. 2010 - December 31st. 2010 1 The Women’s Affairs Technical Committee Summary Report – 2010 _________________________________________________________ - Introduction - General Context o General Demographic Situation o Political Situation o Women lives within Patriarchy and Military Occupation - Narrative of WATC work during 2010 in summary - Annexes 1 and 2 2 The Women’s Affairs Technical Committee Summary Report – 2010 _________________________________________________________ Introduction: This is a narrative summary report covering the period of January 2010 until 31 December 2010. The objective of this report is to give a general overview of the work during 2010 in summary and concise activities. At the same time, there have been other reports presented for specific projects and programs. General Context: Following part of the summary report presents the context on which programs, projects and activities were implemented during 2010. Firstly, it gives a general view of some demographic statistics. Secondly, it presents a brief political overview of the situation, and thirdly it briefly presents briefly some of the main actors that affected the life of Palestinian women during 2010. General Demographic situation: Data from the Palestinian Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) shows that the population of the Palestinian Territory is young; the percentage of individuals in the age group (0- 14) was 41.3% of the total population in the Palestinian Territory at end year of 2010, of which 39.4% in the West Bank and 44.4% in Gaza Strip. As for the elderly population aged (65 years and over) was 3.0% of the total population in Palestinian Territory at end year of 2010. -
Die Nakba – Flucht Und Vertreibung Der Palästinenser 1948
Die Nakba FLUCHT UND VERTREIBUNG DER PALÄSTINENSER 1948 „… eine derart schmerzhafte Reise in die Vergangenheit ist der einzige Weg nach vorn, wenn wir eine bessere Zukunft für uns alle, Palästinenser wie Israelis, schaffen wollen.“ Ilan Pappe, israelischer Historiker Gestaltung: Philipp Rumpf & Sarah Veith Inhalt und Konzeption der Ausstellung: gefördert durch Flüchtlingskinder im Libanon e.V. www.lib-hilfe.de © Flüchtlingskinder im Libanon e.V. 1 VON DEN ERSTEN JÜDISCHEN EINWANDERERN BIS ZUR BALFOUR-ERKLÄRUNG 1917 Karte 1: DER ZIONISMUS ENTSTEHT Topographische Karte von Palästina LIBANON 01020304050 km Die Wurzeln des Palästina-Problems liegen im ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert, als Palästina unter 0m Akko Safed SYRIEN Teil des Osmanischen Reiches war. Damals entwickelte sich in Europa der jüdische Natio- 0m - 200m 200m - 400m Haifa 400m - 800m nalismus, der so genannte Zionismus. Der Vater des politischen Zionismus war der öster- Nazareth reichisch-ungarische Jude Theodor Herzl. Auf dem ersten Zionistenkongress 1897 in Basel über 800m Stadt wurde die Idee des Zionismus nicht nur auf eine breite Grundlage gestellt, sondern es Jenin Beisan wurden bereits Institutionen ins Leben gerufen, die für die Einwanderung von Juden nach Palästina werben und sie organisieren sollten. Tulkarm Qalqilyah Nablus MITTELMEER Der Zionismus war u.a. eine Antwort auf den europäischen Antisemitismus (Dreyfuß-Affäre) und auf die Pogrome vor allem im zaristischen Russ- Jaffa land. Die Einwanderung von Juden nach Palästina erhielt schon frühzeitig einen systematischen, organisatorischen Rahmen. Wichtigste Institution Lydda JORDANIEN Ramleh Ramallah wurde der 1901 gegründete Jüdische Nationalfond, der für die Anwerbung von Juden in aller Welt, für den Ankauf von Land in Palästina, meist von Jericho arabischen Großgrundbesitzern, und für die Zuteilung des Bodens an die Einwanderer zuständig war. -
Palestine About the Author
PALESTINE ABOUT THE AUTHOR Professor Nur Masalha is a Palestinian historian and a member of the Centre for Palestine Studies, SOAS, University of London. He is also editor of the Journal of Holy Land and Palestine Studies. His books include Expulsion of the Palestinians (1992); A Land Without a People (1997); The Politics of Denial (2003); The Bible and Zionism (Zed 2007) and The Pales- tine Nakba (Zed 2012). PALESTINE A FOUR THOUSAND YEAR HISTORY NUR MASALHA Palestine: A Four Thousand Year History was first published in 2018 by Zed Books Ltd, The Foundry, 17 Oval Way, London SE11 5RR, UK. www.zedbooks.net Copyright © Nur Masalha 2018. The right of Nur Masalha to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988. Typeset in Adobe Garamond Pro by seagulls.net Index by Nur Masalha Cover design © De Agostini Picture Library/Getty All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of Zed Books Ltd. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑272‑7 hb ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑274‑1 pdf ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑275‑8 epub ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑276‑5 mobi CONTENTS Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1 1. The Philistines and Philistia as a distinct geo‑political entity: 55 Late Bronze Age to 500 BC 2. The conception of Palestine in Classical Antiquity and 71 during the Hellenistic Empires (500‒135 BC) 3. -
Decline in Vertebrate Biodiversity in Bethlehem, Palestine
Volume 7, Number 2, June .2014 ISSN 1995-6673 JJBS Pages 101 - 107 Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences Decline in Vertebrate Biodiversity in Bethlehem, Palestine Mazin B. Qumsiyeh1,* , Sibylle S. Zavala1 and Zuhair S. Amr2 1 Faculty of Science, Bethlehem University 9 Rue des Freres, Bethlehem, Palestine. 2 Department of Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. Received: December 10, 2013 Revised: January 15, 2014 Accepted: January 20, 2014 Abstract Our data showed that in the 1960s/1970s some 31 species of mammals and 78 species of birds were present in the area of the Bethlehem governorate, between Bethlehem and Deir Mar Saba. Comparison with observations done in 2008-2013 showed significant declines in vertebrate biodiversity in this area, which has increasingly become urbanized, with an increase in temperature and a decrease in annual rainfall over the past four decades. Keywords: Biodiversity, Palestine, Mammals, Birds, Reptiles. the human pressure in all areas (ARIJ, 1995). However, 1. Introduction the impact of these changes on nature was not studied. To estimate the impact of this human development Research on vertebrate biodiversity in the occupied on nature is difficult. Most studies of fauna and flora of West Bank is limited compared to that in the nearby the area South of Jerusalem (Bethlehem Governorate) areas of Palestine and Jordan; Palestinian research in was done by Western visitors who came on short trips to general still lags behind (Qumsiyeh and Isaac, 2012). tour the "Holy Land". One of the first native More work is needed to study habitat destruction Palestinians who engaged in faunal studies was Dr. -
From Deficits and Dependence to Balanced Budgets and Independence
From Deficits and Dependence to Balanced Budgets and Independence The Arab Local Authorities’ Revenue Sources Michal Belikoff and Safa Agbaria Edited by Shirley Racah Jerusalem – Haifa – Nazareth April 2014 From Deficits and Dependence to Balanced Budgets and Independence The Arab Local Authorities’ Revenue Sources Michal Belikoff and Safa Agbaria Edited by Shirley Racah Jerusalem – Haifa – Nazareth April 2014 From Deficits and Dependence to Balanced Budgets and Independence The Arab Local Authorities’ Revenue Sources Research and writing: Michal Belikoff and Safa Ali Agbaria Editing: Shirley Racah Steering committee: Samah Elkhatib-Ayoub, Ron Gerlitz, Azar Dakwar, Mohammed Khaliliye, Abed Kanaaneh, Jabir Asaqla, Ghaida Rinawie Zoabi, and Shirley Racah Critical review and assistance with research and writing: Ron Gerlitz and Shirley Racah Academic advisor: Dr. Nahum Ben-Elia Co-directors of Sikkuy’s Equality Policy Department: Abed Kanaaneh and Shirley Racah Project director for Injaz: Mohammed Khaliliye Hebrew language editing: Naomi Glick-Ozrad Production: Michal Belikoff English: IBRT Jerusalem Graphic design: Michal Schreiber Printed by: Defus Tira This pamphlet has also been published in Arabic and Hebrew and is available online at www.sikkuy.org.il and http://injaz.org.il Published with the generous assistance of: The European Union This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of Sikkuy and Injaz and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. The Moriah Fund UJA-Federation of New York The Jewish Federations of North America Social Venture Fund for Jewish-Arab Equality and Shared Society The Alan B. -
IATF Fact Sheet: Religion
1 FACT SHEET iataskforce.org Topic: Religion – Druze Updated: June 2014 The Druze community in Israel consists of Arabic speakers from an 11th Century off-shoot of Ismaili Shiite theology. The religion is considered heretical by orthodox Islam.2 Members of the Druze community predominantly reside in mountainous areas in Israel, Lebanon, and Syria.3 At the end of 2011, the Druze population in Israel numbered 133,000 inhabitants and constituted 8.0% of the Arab and Druze population, or 1.7%of the total population in Israel.4 The Druze population resides in 19 localities located in the Northern District (81% of the Druze population, excluding the Golan Heights) and Haifa District (19%). There are seven localities which are exclusively Druze: Yanuh-Jat, Sajur, Beit Jann, Majdal Shams, Buq’ata, Mas'ade, and Julis.5 In eight other localities, Druze constitute an overwhelming majority of more than 75% of the population: Yarka, Ein al-Assad, Ein Qiniyye, Daliyat al-Karmel, Hurfeish, Kisra-Samia, Peki’in and Isfiya. In the village of Maghar, Druze constitute an almost 60% majority. Finally, in three localities, Druze account for less than a third of the population: Rama, Abu Snan and Shfar'am.6 The Druze in Israel were officially recognized in 1957 by the government as a distinct ethnic group and an autonomous religious community, independent of Muslim religious courts. They have their own religious courts, with jurisdiction in matters of personal status and spiritual leadership, headed by Sheikh Muwaffak Tarif. 1 Compiled by Prof. Elie Rekhess, Associate Director, Crown Center for Jewish and Israel Studies, Northwestern University 2 Naim Araidi, The Druze in Israel, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, December 22, 2002, http://www.mfa.gov.il; Gabriel Ben Dor, “The Druze Minority in Israel in the mid-1990s”, Jerusalem Letters, 315, June 1, 1995, JerusalemCenter for Public Affairs.