Poster Abstracts Annual Scientific Meeting ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑕᒫᕐᓯᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᕐᒃ 2015 Réunion scientifique annuelle 7-11/12/2015, Vancouver, BC ASM2015 Conference Program Poster Abstracts POSTER ABSTRACTS AIR-SEA CO2 EXCHANGE IN THE CANADIAN Arctic Archipelago. The techniques that we develop will ARCTIC ARCHIPELAGO be useful in other regions, and will hopefully contribute to a wider understanding of CO2 exchange on Arctic shelf Ahmed, Mohamed (1)([email protected]), B. seas. Else (1), T. Papakyriakou (2) and S. Luque (2) (1) Department of Geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4 CURRENT STATE OF THE KOLYMA AND (2) Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of CHUKOTKA GLACIERS AND PROJECTION Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2 OF GLACIAL SYSTEMS OF THE CHUKCHI HIGHLANDS’ EVOLUTION In recent years, studies have indicated that understanding the carbon cycle and variations of air- Ananicheva, Maria (1)([email protected]) and A. sea CO2 exchange in the Arctic seas is a crucial and Karpachevskiy (2) important issue to properly forecast the effect of climate (1) Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow change since the Arctic Ocean contributes approximately (2) Lomonosov State University, Geography faculty, 5-14% to the global balance of CO2 sinks and sources. Moscow However, the spatiotemporal variability of CO2 uptake and fluxes are not consistent across all the Arctic Ocean, The aim of this work is to assess the current state and accurately estimating CO2 uptake can be difficult of the highlands’ glaciation by the high resolution satellite due to a lack of field data. Fortunately, remote sensing images, to compare with the Glacier inventory data at the provides a rigorous avenue for extrapolating seawater background of climatic parameters, such as temperature carbon system observations, since dissolved CO2 in and precipitation trends over the last 50 years, as well seawater (pCO2sw) tends to covary with parameters as assessment of the evolution of glacier systems in the (e.g. sea surface temperature (SST), ocean colour) that near future. A recent study, done by a group of authors are readily observable from space. Gas exchange rates presents a generalization and systematization of the for water surfaces can also be estimated remotely, either information on glaciers of the Chukotka and Kolyma from wind-velocity estimates derived from scatterometers, highlands, which was given by the Magadan researcher or by altimeter or scatterometer measurements of wave R.V. Sedov. Glaciers of the Kolyma highlands consist of slope. In this study, we will aim to estimate the interannual two groups: five are located on the eastern slope of the variations of air-sea CO2 fluxes in the Canadian Arctic Kolyma highlands near the western shore of the Sea of Archipelago. Field datasets of surface salinity, temperature, Okhotsk, the equilibrium line altitude (HELA) is from 700 ocean colour, and dissolved CO2 concentration have been to 1500 m a. s. l., and 14 cirque glaciers are located in the collected for the study area for five years. Work is ongoing northern part of the Taigonos Peninsula, the equilibrium to correlate the dissolved CO2 with parameters that are line altitude (HELA) from 700 to 1000 m. Glaciers of easily retrieved from remote sensing products (e.g. ocean the Chukchi Highlands, according to R.V. Sedov, are colour and surface temperature) to extrapolate pCO2sw represented by five groups: in the Teniany Range in the over the entire study area. Once this extrapolation of Lavrentiya Bay, the mean HELA is 500 m a.s.l. in the pCO2sw is complete, we will attempt to apply a gas Providenskiy Mountain Massif, the HELA is from 400 transfer value to the open water sections, likely utilizing to 550 m, in Iskaten Ridge, HELA from 500 to 1000 m, scatterometer data. By combining gas transfer velocity on the Pekulney Ridge, the mean HELA was 740 m, in with pCO2sw, we will be able to estimate CO2 fluxes the Amguema River basin with an average HELA 1400 over a large spatial scale. By calculating CO2 fluxes over m. (Kotlyakov et al, 2011). To determine the parameters the open water period, we will be able to test an existing of glaciers the high-resolution satellite images have been hypothesis that this season plays an important role in the used dated by August 2012, which cover the glaciers of annual cycle of air-sea CO2 exchange in Arctic seas. This these regions, courtesy of program AMAP, as well as will be a novel result, as no other studies have produced LandSat-7 for the same period. We were able to detect a detailed assessment of CO2 exchange in the Canadian and decipher 27 glaciers in the area of the Iskaten Range, 2 ASM2015 Conference Program Poster Abstracts Cross Bay , 16 glaciers in the Providenskiy Massif, 6 in the (4) Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya Lawrence Bay, 5 - on the Pekulnei Range and 19 - in the University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464- Kolyma Highlands (the same number as was the specified 8601, Japan of R.V. Sedov). In general, the trend is clear: the glaciers (5) Hokkaido University, Kita 8, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, have decreased in size as compared to the estimates of Hokkaido 060-0808, Japan late 1980s. Particularly small glaciers of Pekulnei Range The important components of atmospheric “suffered” most, there are not more than 7% of the area circulation in the winter over the Northern Hemisphere remained from that of indicated by R.V. Sedov. The rest are the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and Western Pacific (WP) of the glacial systems reduced much less, the proportion pattern. Although in general positive (negative) AO and of the remaining area is of 66% (Kolyma Highlands) WP phases cause Siberia, East Asia, and Japan to be to ~ 40% (Iskaten Range). Method for estimating abnormally warm (cold). The low (high) temperature of glacier systems evolution was described in our papers the Sea of Japan, which cooling (heating) by these cool (Ananicheva and Krenke, 2007, Ananicheva et al, 2010); (warm) waters, despite the small size of the Sea of Japan, in this work we had to make some changes, caused by overwhelmed the warming (cooling) effect of the positive the climate scenario features. In order to project future (negative) AO and WP. Linear regression analyses show changes in the morphology and regime of the Chukchi that Japan tends to be warm (cool) in years when the Sea Highlands glacier systems the output data (temperature of Japan is warm (cool). Consequently, the temperature and precipitation), calculated by the ensemble models over Japan is controlled by interannual variations of A-31 (Kattsov, Govorkova 2013) were used. The glaciers small-scale oceanic phenomena as well as by large-scale of the Chukchi Highlands in 2030, based on chosen atmospheric patterns (Ando et al. 2015). However, we cannot obtain the conclusion that surrounding ocean climatic scenario (A-31) will reduce in size in different way. temperature generally influence on the temperature over Small glaciers will completely disappear from Pekulnei Japan because Ando et al. (2015) is case study of the Range, so far HELA has shifted upward maximum winter of 2012/13. To obtain the general conclusion, (410 m) among other studied systems, and a glacier area we should use statistical analysis, i.e., correlation remained is just 0.1 km2. Glaciers of Iskaten Ridge (the between the temperature over Japan and surrounding Cross Bay) and Providence Bay Massif by 2012 have saved ocean temperature. However, large-scale atmospheric more than 40% of their area, and by 2030 they will lose a circulations affect both the temperature over Japan and large part of it which will remain only 6.1%, and 13, 6%, the surrounding ocean temperature. This is the usual result respectively, offset by the time HELA reach 350 m. The that the temperature over Japan is significantly positively best preservation of glaciers belongs to Amguema River correlated with the surrounding ocean temperature. basin, located in the northeastern Chukotka (~ 60%), but Thus, to know the “real” influence of the surrounding there are small glaciers there, and up to 2030 only ~ 0.7 ocean temperature on the temperature over Japan, we km2 covered by ice will “survive”. must remove the influence of large-scale atmospheric circulation from the temperature variation over Japan. We considered the “new” method of removing WINTER WEATHER IN JAPAN CONTROLLED influence of large-scale atmospheric circulations. In BY LARGE-SCALE ATMOSPHERIC AND this study, we examined whether the surrounding ocean SMALL-SCALE OCEANIC PHENOMENA temperature generally influence on the temperature over Japan in winter using new statistically analysis method. Ando, Yuta (1,2)([email protected]), M. Ogi (3), Y. The surrounding ocean temperature around Japan is Tachibana (1,3), K. Kodera (1,4) and K. Yamazaki (1,2,5) significantly positively correlated with the temperature over Japan removing large-scale atmospheric circulations. (1) Weather and Climate Dynamics Division, Mie This result is consistent with the finding of Ando et al. University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, (2015). Influence of large-scale atmospheric circulations is Japan strong. However, the surrounding ocean also influence on (2) National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midoricho, the temperature over Japan, statistically. Reference Ando, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan Y., M. Ogi, and Y. Tachibana, 2015: Abnormal winter (3) Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of weather in Japan during 2012 controlled by large-scale Manitoba, 530 Wallace Building, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, atmospheric and small-scale oceanic phenomena, Monthly Canada Weather Review, 143, 54-63. 3 ASM2015 Conference Program Poster Abstracts CONDUCT OF TRADITION KNOWLEDGE BRIDGING THE GAP - GROUND-TRUTHING RESEARCH - A REFERENCE GUIDE REMOTELY-SENSED GREENING OF QIKIQTARUK WITH LONG-TERM Armitage, Peter (1), S.