DOCSLIB.ORG

The Involvement of Nurses and Midwives in Screening and Brief Interventions for Hazardous and Harmful Use of Alcohol and Other Psychoactive Substances

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Involvement of Nurses and Midwives in Screening and Brief Interventions for Hazardous and Harmful Use of Alcohol and Other Psychoactive Substances WHO/HRH/HPN/10-6 THE INVOLVEMENT OF NURSES AND MIDWIVES IN SCREENING AND BRIEF INTERVENTIONS FOR HAZARDOUS AND HARMFUL USE OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES WHO/HRH/HPN/10-6 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue, Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; E-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications-whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution-should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806); E-mail [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on the maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions expected, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. The World Health Organization does not warrant that the information contained is this publication is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of its use. The named authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication. Authors: Hazel Watson MN PhD RN, Alison Munro BA (Hons) PgDip (Alcohol and Drug Studies) PhD, Marsha Wilson MA (Hons) PhD RN, Susan Kerr BA MSc PhD RN HV, Jon Godwin MSc DPhil CPhys MInst P FRAS Edited by Ina Stahmer, Freelance Editor, Pretoria, South Africa. Design and layout: Annemarie Booyens, Pretoria, South Africa. ii THE INVOLVEMENT OF NURSES AND MIDWIVES IN SCREENING AND BRIEF INTERVENTIONS FOR HAZARDOUS AND HARMFUL USE OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES Hazel Watson MN PhD RN, Alison Munro BA (Hons) PgDip (Alcohol and Drug Studies) PhD, Marsha Wilson MA (Hons) PhD RN, Susan Kerr BA MSc PhD RN HV, Jon Godwin MSc DPhil CPhys MInst P FRAS Glasgow Caledonian University iv TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD .............................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..........................................................................................ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................x Background .................................................................................................................x Relevance for nurses and midwives ............................................................................x Screening for hazardous or harmful use of alcohol and other psychoactive substances ..................................................................................................................x Brief interventions.......................................................................................................xi Nurses’ and midwives’ practice of screening and brief interventions..........................xi Facilitators and barriers to nurses’ and midwives’ involvement in screening and brief interventions .............................................................................................................. xii Conclusions............................................................................................................... xii RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................ xiii Policy ..................................................................................................................... xiii Research .................................................................................................................. xiv Education and training.............................................................................................. xiv Practice......................................................................................................................xv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................... xvi 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1 2 GLOBAL IMPACT OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE USE ...................... 1 2.1 Prevalence..................................................................................................... 1 2.2 Risks and harms ............................................................................................ 2 2.3 Relevance for nurses and midwives .............................................................. 2 3 ROLE OF NURSES AND MIDWIVES ........................................................... 3 3.1 Public health role ........................................................................................... 3 3.1.1 Primary prevention......................................................................................... 3 3.1.2 Secondary prevention .................................................................................... 3 3.1.3 Tertiary prevention ......................................................................................... 3 3.2 Primary health care........................................................................................ 4 3.3 Hospital services and specialized care .......................................................... 4 4 BRIEF INTERVENTIONS .............................................................................. 6 5 THE STUDY................................................................................................... 7 5.1 Methods ......................................................................................................... 7 5.1.1 The search strategy ....................................................................................... 7 5.1.2 The literature review ...................................................................................... 8 5.2 Findings ......................................................................................................... 8 5.3 Structure of the rest of the report ................................................................... 9 v 6 SCREENING FOR HAZARDOUS OR HARMFUL USE OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES ................................................. 10 6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 10 6.2 Primary health care settings ........................................................................ 10 6.3 Hospital settings........................................................................................... 12 6.3.1 Emergency departments.............................................................................. 12 6.3.2 Medical and surgical wards.......................................................................... 13 6.4 Obstetric/maternity care............................................................................... 14 6.5 Summary ..................................................................................................... 15 7 SCREENING and BRIEF INTERVENTIONS .............................................. 16 7.1 Primary health care...................................................................................... 16 7.1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 16 7.1.2 Studies reviewed.......................................................................................... 16 7.1.3 Summary ..................................................................................................... 18 7.2 Hospital services.......................................................................................... 18 7.2.1 Emergency departments.............................................................................. 18 7.2.2 Inpatient settings.......................................................................................... 20 7.2.3 Outpatient settings....................................................................................... 22 7.2.4 Summary ..................................................................................................... 23 7.3 Obstetric/maternity services......................................................................... 24 7.3.1 Summary ..................................................................................................... 25 7.4 Miscellaneous groups and settings.............................................................. 25 7.4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 25 7.4.2 Schools ........................................................................................................ 25 7.4.3 Sexual health clinic ...................................................................................... 26 7.4.4 Workplace-based interventions.................................................................... 27 7.4.5 Shelter for homeless people and a community pharmacy ........................... 27 7.4.6 Discussion papers.......................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Perceptions of Powdered Alcohol and Intentions to Use: an Exploratory Qualitative Assessment of Potential Palcohol Use by Young Adults
    Beverages 2015, 1, 329-340; doi:10.3390/beverages1040329 OPEN ACCESS beverages ISSN 2306-5710 www.mdpi.com/journal/beverages Article Perceptions of Powdered Alcohol and Intentions to Use: An Exploratory Qualitative Assessment of Potential Palcohol Use by Young Adults John Stogner 1,*, Julie M. Baldwin 2, Timothy Brown 3 and Taylor Chick 1 1 Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University Boulevard., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Missouri State University, 901 S. National Strong Hall Room. 226, Springfield, MO 65897, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Department of Criminal Justice, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Ross Hall 5th Floor, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-704-687-8446; Fax: +1-704-687-5285. Academic Editor: Edgar Chambers IV Received: 14 October 2015 / Accepted: 17 November 2015 / Published: 1 December 2015 Abstract: While there seems to be growing media intrigue over atypical forms of alcohol use, the utilization of the majority of novel consumption methods (e.g., eyeballing, slimming, alcohol without liquid (AWOL)) seems minimal. In 2014, however, several outlets suggested that powdered alcohol would soon surface as a threat to public safety. The impetus of these fears was the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau’s approval for Lipsmark LLC to package a powdered alcohol product named “Palcohol”. Palcohol has yet to reach store shelves, but public outcry has been intense.
    [Show full text]
  • Methanol Interim AEGL Document
    INTERIM 1: 1/2003 INTERIM 2: 2/2005 INTERIM ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS (AEGLs) METHANOL (CAS Reg. No. 67-56-1) For NAS/COT Subcommittee for AEGLs February 2005 METHANOL Interim 2: 2/2005 PREFACE Under the authority of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) P. L. 92-463 of 1972, the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances (NAC/AEGL Committee) has been established to identify, review and interpret relevant toxicologic and other scientific data and develop AEGLs for high priority, acutely toxic chemicals. AEGLs represent threshold exposure limits for the general public and are applicable to emergency exposure periods ranging from 10 minutes to 8 hours. AEGL-2 and AEGL-3 levels, and AEGL-1 levels as appropriate, will be developed for each of five exposure periods (10 and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours) and will be distinguished by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. It is believed that the recommended exposure levels are applicable to the general population including infants and children, and other individuals who may be sensitive or susceptible. The three AEGLs have been defined as follows: AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m;) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure. AEGL-2 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m;) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects, or an impaired ability to escape.
    [Show full text]
  • Question of the Day Archives: Monday, December 5, 2016 Question: Calcium Oxalate Is a Widespread Toxin Found in Many Species of Plants
    Question Of the Day Archives: Monday, December 5, 2016 Question: Calcium oxalate is a widespread toxin found in many species of plants. What is the needle shaped crystal containing calcium oxalate called and what is the compilation of these structures known as? Answer: The needle shaped plant-based crystals containing calcium oxalate are known as raphides. A compilation of raphides forms the structure known as an idioblast. (Lim CS et al. Atlas of select poisonous plants and mushrooms. 2016 Disease-a-Month 62(3):37-66) Friday, December 2, 2016 Question: Which oral chelating agent has been reported to cause transient increases in plasma ALT activity in some patients as well as rare instances of mucocutaneous skin reactions? Answer: Orally administered dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) has been reported to cause transient increases in ALT activity as well as rare instances of mucocutaneous skin reactions. (Bradberry S et al. Use of oral dimercaptosuccinic acid (succimer) in adult patients with inorganic lead poisoning. 2009 Q J Med 102:721-732) Thursday, December 1, 2016 Question: What is Clioquinol and why was it withdrawn from the market during the 1970s? Answer: According to the cited reference, “Between the 1950s and 1970s Clioquinol was used to treat and prevent intestinal parasitic disease [intestinal amebiasis].” “In the early 1970s Clioquinol was withdrawn from the market as an oral agent due to an association with sub-acute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON) in Japanese patients. SMON is a syndrome that involves sensory and motor disturbances in the lower limbs as well as visual changes that are due to symmetrical demyelination of the lateral and posterior funiculi of the spinal cord, optic nerve, and peripheral nerves.
    [Show full text]
  • Choctaw Nation Criminal Code
    Choctaw Nation Criminal Code Table of Contents Part I. In General ........................................................................................................................ 38 Chapter 1. Preliminary Provisions ............................................................................................ 38 Section 1. Title of code ............................................................................................................. 38 Section 2. Criminal acts are only those prescribed ................................................................... 38 Section 3. Crime and public offense defined ............................................................................ 38 Section 4. Crimes classified ...................................................................................................... 38 Section 5. Felony defined .......................................................................................................... 39 Section 6. Misdemeanor defined ............................................................................................... 39 Section 7. Objects of criminal code .......................................................................................... 39 Section 8. Conviction must precede punishment ...................................................................... 39 Section 9. Punishment of felonies ............................................................................................. 39 Section 10. Punishment of misdemeanor .................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • METHANOL 6 (CAS Reg
    1 INTERIM 1: 1/2003 2 INTERIM 2: 2/2005 3 INTERIM ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS 4 (AEGLs) 5 METHANOL 6 (CAS Reg. No. 67-56-1) 7 For 8 NAS/COT Subcommittee for AEGLs 9 February 2005 METHANOL Interim 2: 2/2005 10 PREFACE 11 Under the authority of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) P. L. 92-463 of 1972, the 12 National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances 13 (NAC/AEGL Committee) has been established to identify, review and interpret relevant toxicologic and 14 other scientific data and develop AEGLs for high priority, acutely toxic chemicals. 15 AEGLs represent threshold exposure limits for the general public and are applicable to emergency 16 exposure periods ranging from 10 minutes to 8 hours. AEGL-2 and AEGL-3 levels, and AEGL-1 levels as 17 appropriate, will be developed for each of five exposure periods (10 and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours, and 18 8 hours) and will be distinguished by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. It is believed that the 19 recommended exposure levels are applicable to the general population including infants and children, and 20 other individuals who may be sensitive or susceptible. The three AEGLs have been defined as follows: 21 AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m³) of a substance above which it 22 is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable 23 discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling 24 and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
    [Show full text]
  • Drug and Alcohol Misuse in Havering
    JSNA Chapter: Drug and Alcohol Misuse in Havering Document details Name JSNA Drug and Alcohol Misuse in Havering Version number V6.0 Creation date 18/02/14 Status Published Lead author Louise Dibsdall (Public Health) Analysts / contributing authors Gemma Andrews (Corporate Policy and Partnerships) Mark Ansell (Public Health) Louise Dibsdall (Public Health) Rob Hayward (Public Health) Seema Patel (Public Health) Mark Ansell, Acting Director of Public Health Lead Directors Cynthia Griffin, Group Director Culture & Community Approved by JSNA Steering Group, 12th July 2014 Scheduled review date 2 years Version Draft Date Change / Approving Body V1.0 Initial draft 28th Interim progress to draft to be presented to JSNA February Steering Group 26th February 2014 2014 Amended order of chapter following feedback from 3rd March V2.0 Updated draft JSNA steering group, paying particular attention to 2014 troubled families and toxic trio. 12th March First complete draft to be presented to JSNA Steering V3.0 First full draft 2014 Group 27th March 2014 JSNA Steering Group approved progression of draft to 25th April CMT 11th April 2014. Revisions made to draft V4.0 Revised full draft 2014 following feedback from CMT; prepared for release for consultation 9th May 2014 Amendments Revisions to chapter following feedback from 30th May V5.0 following consultation exercise; submitted to JSNA Steering 2014 consultation Group for Final Approval 30th May 2014 Revised with comments from Communications team 30th June V6.0 Final and JSNA Steering Group; approved by JSNA Steering 2014 Group and signed off by Chair, 12th July 2014 Page 1 of 147 Contents Table of Figures ......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Reducing Substance Misuse and Related Problems: How Can Unhealthy Alcohol Users and Problem Drug Users Be Effectively Intervened with in General Hospital Settings?
    Reducing substance misuse and related problems: How can unhealthy alcohol users and problem drug users be effectively intervened with in general hospital settings? Noreen Dadirai Mdege, BPharm (Honours), MPH PhD by Publication University of York Health Sciences March 2015 Abstract Background: There is a high prevalence of unhealthy alcohol use and problem drug use among patients presenting to general hospital settings. However, many unhealthy alcohol users and problem drug users in these settings are not even aware, or do not acknowledge that they have such problems. Their presentation to hospital for the treatment of other conditions offers an opportunity to engage with them. However, there is uncertainty over how best to identify, assess and intervene with this population. Aim: To investigate how unhealthy alcohol users or problem drug users can be effectively identified, assessed and intervened with when they present to general hospital settings for the treatment of other conditions. Methods: This thesis is based on six published papers that used systematic review, meta-regression and Delphi methods. Main findings: To date, research on interventions for unhealthy alcohol use in general hospital settings has focused on brief interventions (BIs). Multiple session BIs are likely to be beneficial for unhealthy alcohol use in these settings. Where targeted screening and intervention is the strategy of choice, a focus on gastroenterology and emergency medicine is a promising way to target resources for unhealthy alcohol use. There is lack of evidence on how to effectively identify and intervene with problem drug users. The available evidence favours the ASSIST as the problem drug use screening instrument of choice.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Alcoholism Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Barcelona Budapest Hong Kong London Milan Paris Santa Clara Singapore Tokyo M
    Acamprosate in Relapse Prevention of Alcoholism Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Barcelona Budapest Hong Kong London Milan Paris Santa Clara Singapore Tokyo M. Soyka (Ed.) Acamprosate in Relapse Prevention of Alcoholism With 47 Figures and 16 Tables , Springer PD Dr. Michael Soyka Psychiatrische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universitat Miinchen NuBbaumstr. 7 80336 Miinchen, Germany ISBN-13 :978-3-642-80195-2 e-ISBN-13 :978-3-642-80193-8 DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-80193-8 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. Acamprosate in relapse prevention of alcoholism! M.Soyka,ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13:978-3-642-80195-2 (hardcover)!. Alcoholism - Chemotherapy. 2. Acamprosate. 3. Alcoholism - Relapse - Chemoprevention. I. Soyka. M. (Michael). 1959- . RC565.A27 1996 96-12923 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1996 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regnlations and therefore free for general use.
    [Show full text]
  • Title 21 Amendments
    NOTICE: This document is provided as a courtesy. Recent amendments to the Cherokee Nation Code have not been officially codified. To ensure accuracy, anyone using this document should compare it to the official amendments available at: https://cherokee.legistar.com/Legislation.aspx Title 21 Amendments § 1. Title of code This title shall be known and may be cited as the Criminal Code of Cherokee Nation. § 2. Criminal acts are only those prescribed—"This code" defined No act or omission shall be deemed criminal or punishable except as prescribed or authorized by this code. The words "this code" as used in the "penal code" shall be construed to mean "Cherokee Nation Code Annotated." § 3. Crime and public offense defined A crime or public offense is an act or omission forbidden by law, and to which is annexed, upon conviction, any of the following punishments: 1. Imprisonment; 2. Fine; 3. Removal from office; 4. Disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit, under this Nation; 5. Restitution; 6. Community service; or 7. Victim compensation assessment. § 4. Crimes classified All crimes or offenses are divided into: 1. Felonies; 2. Misdemeanors. § 5. Felony defined A felony is a crime which is, or may be, punishable by imprisonment for more than one year. § 6. Misdemeanor defined Every other crime that is not a felony is a misdemeanor. NOTICE: This document is provided as a courtesy. Recent amendments to the Cherokee Nation Code have not been officially codified. To ensure accuracy, anyone using this document should compare it to the official amendments available at: https://cherokee.legistar.com/Legislation.aspx § 7.
    [Show full text]
  • John M. Stogner, Ph.D
    January 1, 2021 9201 University City Blvd. Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte, NC 28223 [email protected] Curriculum Vitae John M. Stogner, Ph.D. EDUCATION 2011 - Ph.D., Criminology, Law, and Society, University of Florida. A Biosocially Informed Investigation of General Strain Theory (Chris L. Gibson and Ronald L. Akers, Chairs) 2007 - M.S., Criminal Justice, University of North Carolina at Charlotte 2001 - B.S., Zoology, B.A., Psychology, North Carolina State University. PUBLICATIONS (* indicates graduate student coauthor, ** indicates undergraduate student coauthor) Bracketed abbreviations indicate file prefixes in online portfolio to assist with quick reference. Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles Stogner, John and Bryan Lee Miller. Exploring the Relationships between Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Synthetic Cannabinoid Use. Substance Use & Misuse. Lowe, C. Cory*, Bryan Lee Miller, and John Stogner. Comfortably Numb Comfortably Numb? Revisiting and Re-Specifying the Relationship between Health Strain and Substance Use. Crime & Delinquency. Stogner, John, Bryan Lee Miller, & Kyle McLean. Police Stress, Mental Health, and Resiliency during the COVID-19 Pandemic. American Journal of Criminal Justice. Miller, Bryan Lee, C. Cory Lowe*, Markus Kaakinen*, Iina Savolainen*, Anu Sirola*, John Stogner, Noora Ellonen, Atte Oksanen. (In Press). Online Peers and Offline Highs: An Examination of Online Peer Groups, Social Media Homophily, and Substance Use. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. Lowe, C. Cory*, John Stogner and Bryan Lee Miller. (In Press) Spice Use among Adolescents in the United States: A National Profile of Synthetic Cannabinoid Users. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse. Nobles, Matthew R., John Stogner, and Miller, Bryan Lee (Online First).
    [Show full text]
  • T-Butyl Alcohol
    National Toxicology Program Toxicity Report Series Number 53 NTP Technical Report on Toxicity Studies of t-Butyl Alcohol (CAS No. 75-65-0) Administered by Inhalation to F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice Joel Mahler, D.V.M., Study Scientist National Toxicology Program Post Office Box 12233 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 NIH Publication 97-3942 July 1997 United States Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service National Institutes of Health Note to the Reader The National Toxicology Program (NTP) is made up of four charter agencies of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS): • the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the National Institutes of Health; • the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) of the National Institutes of Health; • the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) of the Food and Drug Administration; and • the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) of the Centers for Disease Control. In July 1981, the Carcinogenesis Bioassay Testing Program was transferred from NCI to NIEHS. NTP coordinates the relevant Public Health Service programs, staff, and resources that are concerned with basic and applied research and with biological assay development and validation. NTP develops, evaluates, and disseminates scientific information about potentially toxic and hazardous chemicals. This knowledge is used for protecting the health of the American people and for the primary prevention of disease. NTP designs and conducts studies to characterize and evaluate the toxicologic potential of selected chemicals in laboratory animals (usually two species, rats and mice). Chemicals selected for NTP toxicology studies are chosen primarily on the bases of human exposure, level of production, and chemical structure.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cage Questionnaire for Detection of Alcoholism
    The Cage Questionnaire For Detection Of Alcoholism Yucky Sampson mumms enigmatically while Bud always reallocating his okay collapse superlatively, he cut-offs so stringendo. Flin outweep groggily. Myron backbitten his tetrasyllables beneficiates infra, but Marquesan Paolo never recirculates so none. Cage include withdrawal in the european association for her adult psychiatry at the questionnaire stand for the american society and were efficient and anxiety and those patients did anyone read your google authenticator app Effects on child development. Acute lung injury severity. That is why, in the CAGE questionnaire calculator, even one point is a red flag. Saunders, John, et al. Current status and future directions. Predicts future asthma in pediatric patients. Predicts survival for the cage questionnaire of detection of child development, where he is the guide therapy need for alcohol use in patients. Positive predictive values are calculated for different prevalence rates on the basis of the sensibility and specificity found in this study. Register a new account? He is board certified in internal medicine and medical oncology. Goldman graduated from the questionnaire for the cage detection alcoholism. Enoch graduated from University College Hospital Medical School, London, England. GPnotebook stores small data files on your computer called cookies so that we can recognise you and provide you with the best service. Only rather few data on the validity of screening questionnaires to detect problem drinking in adolescents exist. To assess the numbers of the cage questionnaire for detection of the diagnosis on radiological criteria. Prognosticate newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. CAGEAID ave you everfelt you ought to cut down on your drinking or drug use? Have your family or friends ever told you that you should cut down on your drinking or drug use? Fracture risk with bone mets.
    [Show full text]