The Cage Questionnaire for Detection of Alcoholism
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Perceptions of Powdered Alcohol and Intentions to Use: an Exploratory Qualitative Assessment of Potential Palcohol Use by Young Adults
Beverages 2015, 1, 329-340; doi:10.3390/beverages1040329 OPEN ACCESS beverages ISSN 2306-5710 www.mdpi.com/journal/beverages Article Perceptions of Powdered Alcohol and Intentions to Use: An Exploratory Qualitative Assessment of Potential Palcohol Use by Young Adults John Stogner 1,*, Julie M. Baldwin 2, Timothy Brown 3 and Taylor Chick 1 1 Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University Boulevard., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Missouri State University, 901 S. National Strong Hall Room. 226, Springfield, MO 65897, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Department of Criminal Justice, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Ross Hall 5th Floor, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-704-687-8446; Fax: +1-704-687-5285. Academic Editor: Edgar Chambers IV Received: 14 October 2015 / Accepted: 17 November 2015 / Published: 1 December 2015 Abstract: While there seems to be growing media intrigue over atypical forms of alcohol use, the utilization of the majority of novel consumption methods (e.g., eyeballing, slimming, alcohol without liquid (AWOL)) seems minimal. In 2014, however, several outlets suggested that powdered alcohol would soon surface as a threat to public safety. The impetus of these fears was the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau’s approval for Lipsmark LLC to package a powdered alcohol product named “Palcohol”. Palcohol has yet to reach store shelves, but public outcry has been intense. -
Methanol Interim AEGL Document
INTERIM 1: 1/2003 INTERIM 2: 2/2005 INTERIM ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS (AEGLs) METHANOL (CAS Reg. No. 67-56-1) For NAS/COT Subcommittee for AEGLs February 2005 METHANOL Interim 2: 2/2005 PREFACE Under the authority of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) P. L. 92-463 of 1972, the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances (NAC/AEGL Committee) has been established to identify, review and interpret relevant toxicologic and other scientific data and develop AEGLs for high priority, acutely toxic chemicals. AEGLs represent threshold exposure limits for the general public and are applicable to emergency exposure periods ranging from 10 minutes to 8 hours. AEGL-2 and AEGL-3 levels, and AEGL-1 levels as appropriate, will be developed for each of five exposure periods (10 and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours) and will be distinguished by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. It is believed that the recommended exposure levels are applicable to the general population including infants and children, and other individuals who may be sensitive or susceptible. The three AEGLs have been defined as follows: AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m;) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure. AEGL-2 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m;) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects, or an impaired ability to escape. -
Alcohol Use Disorder
Section: A B C D E Resources References Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) Tool This tool is designed to support primary care providers (family physicians and primary care nurse practitioners) in screening, diagnosing and implementing pharmacotherapy treatments for adult patients (>18 years) with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Primary care providers should routinely offer medication for moderate and severe AUD. Pharmacotherapy alone to treat AUD is better than no therapy at all.1 Pharmacotherapy is most effective when combined with non-pharmacotherapy, including behavioural therapy, community reinforcement, motivational enhancement, counselling and/or support groups. 2,3 TABLE OF CONTENTS pg. 1 Section A: Screening for AUD pg. 7 Section D: Non-Pharmacotherapy Options pg. 4 Section B: Diagnosing AUD pg. 8 Section E: Alcohol Withdrawal pg. 5 Section C: Pharmacotherapy Options pg. 9 Resources SECTION A: Screening for AUD All patients should be screened routinely (e.g. annually or when indicators are observed) with a recommended tool like the AUDIT. 2,3 It is important to screen all patients and not just patients eliciting an index of suspicion for AUD, since most persons with AUD are not recognized. 4 Consider screening for AUD when any of the following indicators are observed: • After a recent motor vehicle accident • High blood pressure • Liver disease • Frequent work avoidance (off work slips) • Cardiac arrhythmia • Chronic pain • Rosacea • Insomnia • Social problems • Rhinophyma • Exacerbation of sleep apnea • Legal problems Special Patient Populations A few studies have reviewed AUD in specific patient populations, including youth, older adults and pregnant or breastfeeding patients. The AUDIT screening tool considered these populations in determining the sensitivity of the tool. -
Question of the Day Archives: Monday, December 5, 2016 Question: Calcium Oxalate Is a Widespread Toxin Found in Many Species of Plants
Question Of the Day Archives: Monday, December 5, 2016 Question: Calcium oxalate is a widespread toxin found in many species of plants. What is the needle shaped crystal containing calcium oxalate called and what is the compilation of these structures known as? Answer: The needle shaped plant-based crystals containing calcium oxalate are known as raphides. A compilation of raphides forms the structure known as an idioblast. (Lim CS et al. Atlas of select poisonous plants and mushrooms. 2016 Disease-a-Month 62(3):37-66) Friday, December 2, 2016 Question: Which oral chelating agent has been reported to cause transient increases in plasma ALT activity in some patients as well as rare instances of mucocutaneous skin reactions? Answer: Orally administered dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) has been reported to cause transient increases in ALT activity as well as rare instances of mucocutaneous skin reactions. (Bradberry S et al. Use of oral dimercaptosuccinic acid (succimer) in adult patients with inorganic lead poisoning. 2009 Q J Med 102:721-732) Thursday, December 1, 2016 Question: What is Clioquinol and why was it withdrawn from the market during the 1970s? Answer: According to the cited reference, “Between the 1950s and 1970s Clioquinol was used to treat and prevent intestinal parasitic disease [intestinal amebiasis].” “In the early 1970s Clioquinol was withdrawn from the market as an oral agent due to an association with sub-acute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON) in Japanese patients. SMON is a syndrome that involves sensory and motor disturbances in the lower limbs as well as visual changes that are due to symmetrical demyelination of the lateral and posterior funiculi of the spinal cord, optic nerve, and peripheral nerves. -
Choctaw Nation Criminal Code
Choctaw Nation Criminal Code Table of Contents Part I. In General ........................................................................................................................ 38 Chapter 1. Preliminary Provisions ............................................................................................ 38 Section 1. Title of code ............................................................................................................. 38 Section 2. Criminal acts are only those prescribed ................................................................... 38 Section 3. Crime and public offense defined ............................................................................ 38 Section 4. Crimes classified ...................................................................................................... 38 Section 5. Felony defined .......................................................................................................... 39 Section 6. Misdemeanor defined ............................................................................................... 39 Section 7. Objects of criminal code .......................................................................................... 39 Section 8. Conviction must precede punishment ...................................................................... 39 Section 9. Punishment of felonies ............................................................................................. 39 Section 10. Punishment of misdemeanor ................................................................................. -
METHANOL 6 (CAS Reg
1 INTERIM 1: 1/2003 2 INTERIM 2: 2/2005 3 INTERIM ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS 4 (AEGLs) 5 METHANOL 6 (CAS Reg. No. 67-56-1) 7 For 8 NAS/COT Subcommittee for AEGLs 9 February 2005 METHANOL Interim 2: 2/2005 10 PREFACE 11 Under the authority of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) P. L. 92-463 of 1972, the 12 National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances 13 (NAC/AEGL Committee) has been established to identify, review and interpret relevant toxicologic and 14 other scientific data and develop AEGLs for high priority, acutely toxic chemicals. 15 AEGLs represent threshold exposure limits for the general public and are applicable to emergency 16 exposure periods ranging from 10 minutes to 8 hours. AEGL-2 and AEGL-3 levels, and AEGL-1 levels as 17 appropriate, will be developed for each of five exposure periods (10 and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours, and 18 8 hours) and will be distinguished by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. It is believed that the 19 recommended exposure levels are applicable to the general population including infants and children, and 20 other individuals who may be sensitive or susceptible. The three AEGLs have been defined as follows: 21 AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m³) of a substance above which it 22 is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable 23 discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling 24 and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure. -
Clinical Guidelines on Identification and Brief Interventions
_final_1.FH10 Wed Nov 30 08:27:10 2005 Page 1 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K Alcohol and Primary Health Care Clinical Guidelines on Identification and Brief Interventions Composite _final_1.FH10 Wed Nov 30 08:27:10 2005 Page 2 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K This document has been prepared by Peter Anderson, Antoni Gual and Joan Colom on behalf of the Primary Health Care European Project on Alcohol (PHEPA) network and is a result of the PHEPA project. The Phepa project has been co-financed by the European Commission and the Department of Health of the Government of Catalonia (Spain). The project has the participation of representatives of 17 European countries. The responsibility of the content of this document lies with the authors, and the content does not represent the views of the European Commission; nor is the Commission responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. For more information and the electronic version of the document, see: http:www.phepa.net. This document should be quoted: Anderson, P., Gual, A., Colom, J. (2005). Alcohol and Primary Health Care: Clinical Guidelines on Identification and Brief Interventions. Department of Health of the Government of Catalonia: Barcelona. Health Department of the Government of Catalonia Barcelona, Layout and cover design by Xavier Cañadell Printed in Spain Composite _final_1.FH10 Wed Nov 30 08:27:10 2005 Page 3 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K INDEX Summary I. Introduction 11 II. Methods to prepare the guidelines 15 III. Describing alcohol consumption and alcohol related harm 17 IV. -
Systematic Review of Alcohol Screening Tools for Use in the Emergency Department Lucy a Jones1,2
Downloaded from http://emj.bmj.com/ on April 11, 2015 - Published by group.bmj.com Review Systematic review of alcohol screening tools for use in the emergency department Lucy A Jones1,2 1Emergency Department, ABSTRACT Department of Health was given £32 million to Northern General Hospital, To ascertain which alcohol screening tool is most spend on these new initiatives.8 Sheffield, UK With this in mind, Patton et al9 surveyed emer- 2Medical Care Research Unit, accurate in identifying alcohol misuse in patients in the School of Health and Related emergency department a systematic review of diagnostic gency departments in England in 2006 to assess the Research, University of cohort studies of appropriate alcohol screening tools was extent to which these recommendations had been Sheffield, Sheffield, UK performed. A thorough search of medical databases and adopted. They had a 98.9% response rate to their relevant peer journals was conducted. Citation and questionnaire. Their results showed that 73.9% Correspondence to Dr Lucy A Jones, Emergency author tracking was also utilised due to an initial paucity offered advice on alcohol and 44.4% offered treat- Department, Northern General of relevant literature. Seven relevant papers were ment for alcohol problems, but only 16.9% had Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield identified from this search, which allowed a review of the access to an alcohol health worker. However, only S5 7AU, UK; quality of the following alcohol screening tools: the fast four departments were using a formal screening [email protected] alcohol screening tool (FAST), the Paddington alcohol tool to identify these patients (2.1%).9 Accepted 26 April 2010 test (PAT), the rapid alcohol problem screen (RAPS-4) At present there does not appear to be a gold Published Online First and the TWEAK (where TWEAK is an acronym of the first standard tool for screening for alcohol misuse 14 October 2010 letter of the key words in the questions of this screening within the emergency setting. -
Alcohol Dependence and Harmful Alcohol Use: Consultation Tables with Developer's Responses
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence Alcohol dependence and harmful alcohol use Guideline Consultation Comments Table 24 June 2010 – 19 August 2010 No Typ Stakeholder Or Doc Sec. Page Comments Developer’s Response e der No No Please insert each new comment in a new row. Please respond to each comment No 236 SH Association for Family 21. All General General AFT welcomes the recognition of the role of close Thank you for your comment. Therapy and Systemic 01 relationships and addressed in this guideline for adults, Practice (AFT) children and adolescents who are dependent on alcohol or have harmful drinking, including the children of parents with alcohol problems. Systemic couple and family therapy training in the UK provides different levels of training for people to learn how to address complex relationship and issues associated with alcohol dependence and harmful use, by helping close relatives / support networks to build on their strengths, provide support, and find ways to change the problems so that they understand the needs of partners, parents and their children and begin to find ways to deal with these. Information can be found on the AFT website: Training framework for family and relationship focused practice'. The site also provides access to Current Practice, Future Possibilities as well as Report on the evidence base of systemic family therapy: www.aft.org.uk . 520 SH Public Health Wales 1.0 All General General This organisation responded with no comments to make. Thank you. NHS Trust 1 539 SH RCP & BSG 35. All General general Emphasis. The emphasis is on diagnosis and management Thank you. -
Concordance of ICD-10 Y90 and Y91 Codes C Cherpitel, J Bond, Y Ye, R Room, V Poznyak, J Rehm, M Peden
689 Emerg Med J: first published as 10.1136/emj.2004.022244 on 27 September 2005. Downloaded from ORIGINAL ARTICLE Clinical assessment compared with breathalyser readings in the emergency room: concordance of ICD-10 Y90 and Y91 codes C Cherpitel, J Bond, Y Ye, R Room, V Poznyak, J Rehm, M Peden ............................................................................................................................... Emerg Med J 2005;22:689–695. doi: 10.1136/emj.2004.016865 Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyse the validity of clinical assessment of alcohol intoxication (ICD-10 Y91) compared with estimated blood alcohol concentration (BAC) using a breath analyser (ICD-10 Y90) among patients in the emergency room (ER). Methods: Representative samples of ER patients reporting within six hours of injury (n = 4798) from 12 countries comprising the WHO Collaborative Study on Alcohol and Injuries were breath analysed and assessed blindly for alcohol intoxication at the time of ER admission. Data were analysed using Kendall’s See end of article for Tau-B to measure concordance of clinical assessment and BAC, and meta analysis to determine authors’ affiliations ....................... heterogeneity of effect size. Results: Raw agreement between the two measures was 86% (Tau-B 0.68), but was lower among those Correspondence to: reporting drinking in the six hours prior to injury (raw agreement 39%; Tau-B 0.32). No difference was Cheryl J Cherpitel, Alcohol found by gender or for timing of clinical assessment in relation to breath analysis. Patients positive for Research Group, 2000 Hearst Avenue, Berkeley, tolerance or dependence were more likely to be assessed as intoxicated at low levels of BAC. -
Commissioning Alcohol Identification and Brief Advice Get Started > Contents
Workforce Ensuring quality Foreword Why a toolkit? Alcohol in the UK What is Alcohol IBA? Commissioning AIBA Settings Return on investment Appendices development of delivery Commissioning Alcohol Identification and Brief Advice Get started > Contents Pg3 Foreword Pg4 Why a toolkit? Pg7 Alcohol in the UK Pg11 What is Alcohol IBA? Pg16 Commissioning AIBA Pg23 Settings Pg40 Workforce development Pg45 Ensuring quality of delivery Pg57 Return on investment Pg62 Appendices Workforce Ensuring quality Foreword Why a toolkit? Alcohol in the UK What is Alcohol IBA? Commissioning AIBA Settings Return on investment Appendices development of delivery 2 Alcohol Identification and Brief Advice Toolkit The Health Innovation Network is one of 15 Academic Health Science Networks (AHSN) across England. We are a membership organisation focused on spread and adoption of lasting system-wide improvements in patient and population health, strengthening relationships and capitalising on teaching and research strengths across South London. As the AHSN for South London, our work prioritises health challenges for local communities across a number of clinical areas; including diabetes, dementia, musculoskeletal and alcohol. Our work incorporates cross-cutting innovation themes Foreword to generate wealth and increase the quality of care in our communities. Our Alcohol Identification and Brief Advice (IBA) Commissioning Toolkit brings together the evidence base and guidance for alcohol IBA, including tips for commissioning across a range of different settings, a framework -
Models of Care for Alcohol Misusers (Mocam)
Models of care for alcohol misusers (MoCAM) Models of care for alcohol misusers (MoCAM) DH INFORMATION READER BOX Policy HR/Workforce Performance Management IM & T Planning Finance Clinical Partnership Working Document Purpose Best Practice Guidance ROCR Ref: Gateway Ref: 5899 Title Models of care for alcohol misusers Author DH/National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse Publication Date June 2006 Target Audience PCT CEs, NHS Trust CEs, SHA CEs, Directors of PH, Alcohol Treatment Providers, Local Authority CEs, GOR RDsPH Circulation List Description Best practice guidance on a framework for commissioning and providing interventions and treatment for adults affected by alcohol misuse. It describes a four tier system of stepped care for alcohol misusers. Cross Ref Alcohol Misuse interventions: Guidance on developing a local programme of improvement (DH 2005) Alcohol Needs Assessment Research project (ANARP) (DH 2005) Superseded Docs N/A Action Required N/A Timing N/A Contact Details Alcohol Policy Team HID-NPD-Substance misuse Room 628 Wellington House 135–155 Waterloo Road London SE1 8UG 020 7972 4793 For recipient’s use © Crown copyright 2006 First published June 2006 Produced by COI for the Department of Health The text of this document may be reproduced without formal permission or charge for personal or in-house use. www.dh.gov.uk/publications Contents Foreword 5 Executive summary 7 1 Setting the scene 9 1.1 Purpose of Models of care for alcohol misusers 9 1.2 The basis for policy on reducing alcohol-related harm and encouraging