Models of care for alcohol misusers (MoCAM) Models of care for alcohol misusers (MoCAM) DH INFORMATION READER BOX Policy HR/Workforce Performance Management IM & T Planning Finance Clinical Partnership Working Document Purpose Best Practice Guidance ROCR Ref: Gateway Ref: 5899 Title Models of care for alcohol misusers Author DH/National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse Publication Date June 2006 Target Audience PCT CEs, NHS Trust CEs, SHA CEs, Directors of PH, Alcohol Treatment Providers, Local Authority CEs, GOR RDsPH Circulation List Description Best practice guidance on a framework for commissioning and providing interventions and treatment for adults affected by alcohol misuse. It describes a four tier system of stepped care for alcohol misusers. Cross Ref Alcohol Misuse interventions: Guidance on developing a local programme of improvement (DH 2005) Alcohol Needs Assessment Research project (ANARP) (DH 2005) Superseded Docs N/A Action Required N/A Timing N/A Contact Details Alcohol Policy Team HID-NPD-Substance misuse Room 628 Wellington House 135–155 Waterloo Road London SE1 8UG 020 7972 4793 For recipient’s use © Crown copyright 2006 First published June 2006 Produced by COI for the Department of Health The text of this document may be reproduced without formal permission or charge for personal or in-house use. www.dh.gov.uk/publications Contents Foreword 5 Executive summary 7 1 Setting the scene 9 1.1 Purpose of Models of care for alcohol misusers 9 1.2 The basis for policy on reducing alcohol-related harm and encouraging sensible drinking 11 1.3 Types of alcohol misuse and links with interventions required 12 2 A commissioning framework to deliver alcohol treatment systems 18 2.1 Commissioning alcohol screening and brief interventions and treatment: a PCT responsibility 18 2.2 MoCAM provides in-depth guidance to local organisations commissioning alcohol misuse interventions 19 2.3 Commissioning a local system of screening and assessment 24 2.4 A stepped care model to assist commissioning 27 2.5 Planning for multiple alcohol treatment episodes 30 2.6 Commissioning psychosocial and medical prescribing treatment 30 2.7 Workforce planning to develop alcohol treatment systems 34 2.8 Integrated care pathways for alcohol misuse – ‘alcohol treatment pathways’ 35 3 Criteria for commissioning and provision of local treatment systems for alcohol misusers 38 3.1 Introduction 38 A Quality criteria for commissioning alcohol treatment systems 42 B Quality criteria for providing an evidence-based alcohol treatment system 43 1 Models of care for alcohol misusers (MoCAM) A1 Commissioning local systems of alcohol intervention and treatment 44 A1.1 Aim 44 A1.2 Criteria 44 A1.3 Rationale 44 A1.4 Joint commissioning for alcohol and drug treatment 45 A1.5 Implementing a commissioning cycle 45 A1.6 Local alcohol treatment needs assessment 45 A1.7 Components of a local system 46 A1.8 Commissioning for a competent workforce 47 A2 Monitoring performance of alcohol treatment systems 48 A2.1 Aim 48 A2.2 Criteria 48 A2.3 Rationale 48 A2.4 Monitoring performance 48 A2.5 Service user outcomes 49 A2.6 Minimum data sets 50 A3 Commissioning and providing an alcohol treatment system to meet a diverse range of local needs 51 A3.1 Aim 51 A3.2 Criteria 51 A3.3 Rationale 51 A3.4 Monitoring 52 B1 Screening the target population and taking action with individuals who are hazardous and harmful drinkers 53 B1.1 Aim 53 B1.2 Criteria 53 B1.3 Targeted screening 53 B2 Assessing the needs of individuals with identified alcohol problems 56 B2.1 Aim 56 B2.2 Criteria 56 B2.3 Rationale 56 B2.4 Local systems of screening and assessment 57 B2.5 Triage assessment 59 B2.6 Comprehensive assessment 59 B2.7 Impact of alcohol misuse on significant others 60 2 Contents B3 Care planning to meet the assessed needs of individuals with alcohol problems 62 B3.1 Aim 62 B3.2 Criteria 62 B3.3 Rationale 62 B3.4 Care planning 63 B4 Providing a range of structured treatment interventions to meet the needs of alcohol misusers 66 B4.1 Aim 66 B4.2 Criteria 66 B4.3 Rationale 66 B4.4 Key factors influencing successful alcohol treatment 66 B4.5 Therapeutic relationship 67 B4.6 Psychosocial therapies 67 B4.7 Pharmacological therapies 68 B4.8 Delivering a range of alcohol treatments in a care-planned approach 69 B5 Helping individuals maintain the gains they have made from alcohol treatment 71 B5.1 Aim 71 B5.2 Criteria 71 B5.3 Rationale 71 B6 Managing alcohol treatment services 74 B6.1 Aim 74 B6.2 Criteria 74 B6.3 Rationale 74 B6.4 Quality standards 75 Annex A 76 Links to other commissioning initiatives 76 Standards for organisations commissioning and delivering alcohol services 76 3 Models of care for alcohol misusers (MoCAM) 5 Annex B 78 Wider policy context 78 The Respect Action Plan 82 Every Child Matters 83 Local strategic partnerships (LSPs) 83 Local area agreements (LAAs) 83 6 Annex C: Associated documents 84 List of referenced documents 84 National Treatment Agency 85 Department of Health 85 Home Office 86 Department for Culture, Media and Sport 86 Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (now Department for Communities and Local Government) 86 Department for Education and Skills 86 Health and Safety Executive 86 Alcohol Concern 86 UKATT Research Team 86 4 Foreword I am pleased to be able to introduce this document to you at this time. With rapid progress towards the devolution of NHS commissioning to a local level, we need this document to guide local NHS organisations as they strive to deliver a planned and integrated local treatment system for alcohol misuse. Even though we are working hard to improve health and reduce inequalities, we recognise that more progress needs to be made towards addressing the different and complex causes of poor health and health inequalities, including harm caused by alcohol. There is no doubt that alcohol misuse is associated with a wide range of problems, including physical health problems such as cancer and heart disease; offending behaviours, not least domestic violence; suicide and deliberate self-harm; child abuse and child neglect; mental health problems which co-exist with alcohol misuse; and social problems such as homelessness. We know that much of this harm is preventable and that the introduction and development of comprehensive, integrated local alcohol treatment systems can have a beneficial impact on many areas of health and social care. This considerably benefits hazardous, harmful and dependent drinkers, their families and social networks, and the wider community. Screening and brief interventions for harmful and hazardous drinkers, as well as treatment for dependent drinkers, when delivered as part of a planned and integrated local treatment system, can offer economic benefits in other NHS priority areas. Recent studies suggest that alcohol treatment has both short and long-term economic benefits. The Review of the effectiveness of treatment for alcohol problems1 suggests that provision of alcohol treatment to 10 per cent of the dependent drinking population within the UK would reduce public sector resource costs by between £109 million and £156 million each year, and analysis from the United Kingdom Alcohol Treatment Trial suggests that for every £1 spent on alcohol treatment, the public sector saves £5. 5 Models of care for alcohol misusers (MoCAM) I recommend this guidance and I know that it will help commissioners to provide the effective and comprehensive local frameworks that will support our citizens and communities to lead healthier, happier and longer lives. Sir Liam Donaldson Chief Medical Officer 6 Executive summary Models of care for alcohol misusers (MoCAM) provides best practice guidance for local health organisations and their partners in delivering a planned and integrated local treatment system for adult alcohol misusers. It will be relevant to primary care trusts (PCTs) who will play a leading role, in partnership with other local agencies, to commission appropriate alcohol services. MoCAM is explicitly identified as a significant milestone towards achieving the second aim of the Alcohol harm reduction strategy for England2 (2004), ‘to better identify and treat alcohol misuse’, and is a direct commitment in the Choosing Health3 White Paper (2004). Alcohol misuse is associated with a wide range of problems, including physical health problems such as cancer and heart disease; offending behaviours, not least domestic violence; suicide and deliberate self-harm; child abuse and child neglect; mental health problems which co-exist with alcohol misuse; and social problems such as homelessness. The evidence base indicates that much of this harm is preventable. The introduction and development of comprehensive integrated local alcohol treatment systems considerably benefits hazardous, harmful and dependent drinkers, their families and social networks, and the wider community. Recent studies suggest that alcohol treatment has both short and long-term economic benefits. The Review of the effectiveness of treatment for alcohol problems1 suggests that provision of alcohol treatment to 10 per cent of the dependent drinking population within the UK would reduce public sector resource costs by between £109 million and £156 million each year. Furthermore, analysis from the United Kingdom Alcohol Treatment Trial suggests that for every £1 spent on alcohol treatment, the public sector saves £5. MoCAM is informed by the document Models of care for the treatment of adult drug misusers4 (2002), which had drug treatment as its primary focus,