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FIS43 (1) (2016) FORUM ILMU SOSIAL JURNAL http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/FIS FORUM ILMU SOSIAL EXISTENCE IN THE VILLAGE LANTING HOUSE CAPE COMMERCIAL DISTRICT NANGGA PINOH MELAWI WEST KALIMANTAN Mardiana dan Emi Tipuk Lestari InfoArtikel Sejarah Artikel Abstract Diterima Mei 2016 Disetujui Juni 2016 Dipublikasikan Juni 2016 Lanting house is a house that floats on water, because it is supported by bonding bamboo or timber as a buffer. This study aimed to Keywords : analyze the environmental, social, and educational aspects of the residential lanting home house on the outskirts of the river Melawi Lanting, particularly in the village of Tanjung Niaga District of Nanga Pinoh Melawi District, West Kalimantan. This study uses a qualitative method. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Subjects in this study is the owner of the house in the village of Tanjung Niaga lanting District of Nanga Pinoh Melawi District, West Kalimantan. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. Examination of the validity of the data were cross-checked, while the use of data analysis techniques for interactive analysis. Results of research have shown some important conclusions include A) Environmental Aspects seen from lanting building forms a uniform look with gable roof and rectangular shape of the building. B) The social aspect, some of life's problems at home lanting include. C) Aspects of education at home lanting the form of life skills. 2016 Universitas Negeri Semarang * Alamat korespondensi [email protected] INTRODUCTION Sarawak (East Malaysia), the southern part of Java Sea. Melawi including one of the West Kalimantan is a province on existing areas of West Kalimantan. Melawi Borneo island, the western part bordering the drained by two major rivers namely river South China Sea, the eastern borders with Melawi (600 km) and the river Pinoh with the East Kalimantan, bordering the southeastern widest span of about 250 m and a depth of 12- part of Central Kalimantan, north bordering 16 m. Forum Ilmu Sosial, Vol. 43 No. 1 Juni 2016 93 Lanting house is a house that floats interpretation of environmental, social, and above the water, because it is supported by educational aspects of the residential house bonding bamboo or timber as a buffer. on the outskirts of the river Melawi Lanting, Lanting house tied to a tree or post, using a particularly in the village of Tanjung Niaga, rope made of twisted steel. Veranda Nanga Laja village, and the village of Paal overlooking the river front and the rear Nanga Nanga Pinoh Pinoh Melawi facing the mainland, a distance of about 5 m, subdistrict, West Kalimantan. meaning afloat when the water recedes (Zaini, 2008). When you hear the word METHOD Lanting House, many thought the house belonged to the tribe lanting only Banjar in This research is descriptive qualitative, South Kalimantan. Whereas in other areas because intends to describe, uncover, and such as in Palembang (South Sumatra) also explained about the house lanting seen from has a traditional raft house with the name environmental, social and educational. Rakit. Lanting home in West Kalimantan Similarly named descriptive study, because it until now can still be found in the city of aims to create a picture of the situation or Sambas (Sambas District), City Putusibau event (Moh. Nazir, 2005: 55). Moreover, the (Kapuas Hulu), and in the City of Nanga purpose of description is to help the reader Pinoh Melawi. know what is happening in the environment Lanting house is a product of the under observation, such as what a view on the architecture of the local community and participation in the research background, and culture of the river is typically regarded as what kind of activity that occurs in the setting the forerunner of settlements in the region. (Emzir, 2008: 175). According Allsoop and Papanek in Khaliesh In a descriptive study, researchers work et al (2012: 69) that settlement is known as not only provides a description of the architectural vernacular that is generally phenomena, but also explain the relationship, interpreted to build derived from the test hypotheses, make predication, as well as architecture rakyak, something anonymous, the meaning and implications of a problem to are customs, naive, primitive, which grows be solved. The study also called qualitative spontaneously and architecture based on research, because this research is to use and local folk culture. According to Bronson in understand the phenomena that occur around Khaliesh et al (2012: 69) Such settlements the house lanting. arise spontaneously as a result of urban The subjects were the village head, the development that focuses on dendritic homeowner lanting and living at home in the system which is a system that utilizes trade village of Tanjung Niaga Lanting District of settlement from upstream to downstream. Nanga Pinoh Melawi District, West The trade center is located at the downstream Kalimantan. Data collection techniques used commodity and materials derived from in this study is, Focus Group Discussion residential communities in the interior. This (FGD), observations (observation), study focuses on the analysis and interviews, and documentation. FGD is a 94 Forum Ilmu Sosial, Vol. 43 No. 1 Juni 2016 technique that is effective and efficient way RESULTS AND DISCUSSION to collect the data of a study. Observations directed to focus on Melawi down along the river, we were specific types of activities and events that treated to a rubber plantation in the left and provide information and views are really right of the river, the number of illegal (Gold useful (Moleong, 2002: 128). Observations Mining Without Permission), and we will conducted by researchers observed their own also witness the many buildings over the look and associated activities at home water that is used locals as a place to sell and Lanting. Wawancara done by asking open- where to stay. They named Lanting and those ended questions that allow respondents to who live like this the building there some answer broadly. Questions directed to the people who called as Human Lanting. disclosure of respondent's life, concepts, Actually, the people who dwell above lanting perceptions, roles, activities and events not only people living in the interior, but experienced with respect to the focus of the along the Kapuas river, river Melawi and study (Nana Syaodah Sukmadinata, 2009: children. In the context of this study mainly 112). This interview was conducted to the discussing those little inland to distinguish, village head, the homeowner lanting and because they were using as a residence living at home in the village of Tanjung Niaga lanting actually is a class of people whose Lanting District of Nanga Pinoh Melawi economy affluent. To build a lanting as a District, West Kalimantan. Documentation residence requires funds that are quite used to obtain data about the picture where expensive, could reach hundreds of millions the object under study, as well as to complete of rupiah. the data obtained from observations, FGD, The origin of the house lanting is one danwawancara. Documents in this study a type of traditional houses in South written information with respect to matters Kalimantan. According to the board of the relating to the activities in the lanting house. Islamic Centre of Historical and Cultural To obtain data that can be justified Affairs Banjar, Banjar civilization comes scientifically, then the data that has been from the river and lanting, where home collected in advance checked its validity. In lanting been there before other Banjar this study, data validity checking technique traditional house. In the 18th century until the used is the technique of cross-checking, 19th century, and the waters in Banjarmasin which is a technique of crossing information in South Kalimantan in general are still lots obtained from sources so that in the end only filled with floating houses supported by the valid data are used to achieve the results. wooden beams intact. Structuring lanting Data analysis techniques used in this study is lined raises admiration of migrants and enter inductive analysis techniques, the analysis in the news the Ming Dynasty in China in revealed from data and boils down to general 1618 which states in Banjarmasin houses are conclusions. The general conclusion that can built on rafts like those in Palembang be either categorization or propositions (Rahman, 2014: 222). (Burhan Bungin, 2001: 209). Lanting house also found in West Forum Ilmu Sosial, Vol. 43 No. 1 Juni 2016 95 Kalimantan, especially in Melawi, this house Most people who live in the house lanting is the main type of floating houses made of riparian this Melawi they contracted, while wood and the bottom using the trunks of the original owners lived on land. They are timber or drum as a foundation to float this contracted in the home lanting work as labors house. The existence of the house lanting be bear no goods, traders, motorcycle taxi, and one proof of human attitude towards there being the fishery to be miners environmental conditions. People's lives on passengers wishing to cross.His wife and the banks Pinoh very close to the river, children there is to be a housewife and there various activities of daily community are selling cakes, vegetables and laundry activities utilizing their existing river. workers. Those who stay at home lanting not Normally the people who live along the river, only original but there are Dayak ethnic they take advantage of the natural boon for Chinese, those with homes lanting generally the purposes of everyday life. River for them are those that have bercukupan economy is the best friend and the source of life that contracted while they are economically weak gives different shades of life, such as: fishing, as to make the house lanting entail huge forest products, transportation trade between costs.