DOCSLIB.ORG

Historic Architectural Survey of Rappahannock County, Virginia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Historic Architectural Survey of Rappahannock County, Virginia HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY OF RAPPAHANNOCK COUNTY, VIRGINIA Ben Venue (078-0003), Slave Quarters FINAL REPORT Prepared by E.H.T. Traceries, Inc. for The Virginia Department of Historic Resources and Rappahannock County, Virginia County Administration Office RFP No. 2001/2002-0006 May 2003 ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY OF RAPPAHANNOCK COUNTY, VIRGINIA Final Report Prepared by: E.H.T. Traceries, Inc. 1121 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20001 (Laura V. Trieschmann and Jennifer B. Hallock, Principal Investigators) for The Virginia Department of Historic Resources and Rappahannock County, Virginia County Administration Office RFP No. 2001/2002-0006 (Contact: John W. McCarthy, County Administrator 540-675-5330) MAY 2003 Architectural Survey Report of Rappahannock County, Virginia E.H.T. Traceries, Inc., May 2003 Page ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .......................................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.............................................................................................................. vii INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... viii LOCATION MAPS ........................................................................................................................ ix HISTORIC CONTEXT OF RAPPAHANNOCK COUNTY .......................................................... 1 HISTORIC CONTEXT: THEMES ................................................................................................ 34 1. Theme: Architecture/Community Planning ................................................................ 35 2. Theme: Commerce/Trade ........................................................................................... 74 3. Theme: Domestic ........................................................................................................ 87 4. Theme: Education ..................................................................................................... 118 5. Theme: Ethnicity/Immigration .................................................................................. 124 6. Theme: Funerary ....................................................................................................... 127 7. Theme: Government/Law/Politics ............................................................................ 130 8. Theme: Health Care/Medicine .................................................................................. 134 9. Theme: Industry/Processing/Extraction .................................................................... 135 10. Theme: Landscape ................................................................................................... 139 11. Theme: Military/Defense .......................................................................................... 139 12. Theme: Recreation/Arts ............................................................................................ 139 13. Theme: Religion ....................................................................................................... 140 14. Theme: Settlement Patterns ...................................................................................... 142 15. Theme: Social ........................................................................................................... 142 16. Theme: Subsistence/Agriculture ............................................................................... 142 17. Theme: Technology/Engineering .............................................................................. 153 18. Theme: Transportation/Communication ................................................................... 154 RESEARCH DESIGN ................................................................................................................. 156 Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 156 Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 157 Work Plan .............................................................................................................................. 159 SURVEY FINDINGS .................................................................................................................. 165 Rappahannock County Database Holdings ............................................................................ 165 Summary and Analysis of Survey Findings ........................................................................... 166 SURVEY RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................ 233 Recommendations for Further Study ..................................................................................... 233 Recommendations/Evaluation for Designation ...................................................................... 236 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................ 258 APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................. 263 Preliminary Information Forms (PIFs) and Maps 1. Flint Hill 2. Woodville 3. Laurel Mills Architectural Survey Report of Rappahannock County, Virginia E.H.T. Traceries, Inc., May 2003 Page iii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1: Map of Virginia Showing Rappahannock County Figure 2: Map Showing Counties in Virginia Figure 3: Regional Map Figure 4: Map Showing Evolution of Virginia Counties Figure 5: Rappahannock County Map Figure 6: Drawing of Indian Tribes in the Virginia Piedmont Figure 7: Map Showing Virginia Colonies in 1634 Figure 8: 1776 Map of Rappahannock County Figure 9: 1821 Map of Rappahannock County Figure 10: Original Plat of Washington, Virginia Figure 11: Detail of Civil War Map Figure 12: Drawing of Civil War Encampment Figure 13: 1866 Map of Rappahannock County Figure 14: Historic Photograph of Agricultural Practices in Rappahannock County Figure 15: Historic Photograph of Agricultural Practices in Rappahannock County Figure 16: Historic Photograph of Dwelling, Rappahannock County Figure 17: Survey Photograph from 2002 of Dwelling, 456 Scrabble Road (078-5078) Figure 18: Harris Hollow Farm (078-0115) Figure 19: Horseshoe Farm (078-0021) Figure 20: Thornton Hill (078-0050) Figure 21: Stonehaven, Interior View (078-5072) Figure 22: Turner-Millan House, Interior View (078-5017-0008) Figure 23: Red Hill (078-0040) Figure 24. Greenfield (078-0015) Figure 25: High Meadows Farm (078-0119) Figure 26. Mount Salem Baptist Meetinghouse (078-0033) Figure 27: Clark’s Gate (078-0068) Figure 28: Althea Terrace (078-5018-0005) Figure 29: Meadow Green, Door Detail (078-5073) Figure 30: Washington Courthouse Complex (022-0005-0001) Figure 31: Greenfield, Interior of Ell (078-0015) Figure 32. Buckeye Farm (078-5074) Figure 33: Erin (078-0138) Figure 34: House, 3594 Slate Mills Road (078-5076) Figure 35: Sperryville Bookshop/Church (078-0093-0015) Figure 36. Montpelier (078-0028) Figure 37. Rose Hill (078-0045) Figure 38. Little Eldon Farm (078-5131) Figure 39. Laurel Mills Farm (078-0058-0001) Figure 40. Laurel Mills Farm (078-0058-0001) Figure 41. House, 1188 F.T. Valley Road (078-5065) Figure 42. House, 11882 Lee Highway (078-5039) Figure 43. Woodville Baptist Church (078-5017-0004) Figure 44. House, 1519 Richmond Road (078-5063) Figure 45. Campbell House (322-0011-0118) Figure 46. Clover Hill (078-0010) Architectural Survey Report of Rappahannock County, Virginia E.H.T. Traceries, Inc., May 2003 Page iv Figure 47. Hampton Stock Farm (078-5089) Figure 48. Miller House (078-5067) Figure 49. Historic View of Flint Hill School (078-5018-0008) Figure 50. Flint Hill School (078-5018-0008) Figure 51. Sperryville School (078-5098) Figure 52. Dwelling, Zachary Taylor Highway (Flint Hill) Figure 53. Dwelling, 9 Peola Mills Road (078-5069) Figure 54. Fox’s Service Station, Sperryville Pike (078-5017-0002) Figure 55. Turkey Hill (078-0060) Figure 56. Ivy Cliffs (078-0111) Figure 57. Commercial Building (078-0093) Figure 58. Viewtown Store (078-0171) Figure 59. Viewtown Store, Interior View (078-0171) Figure 60. Washington Tavern/Coxe’s Ordinary (322-0011) Figure 61. Conyers House (078-0094) Figure 62. Middleton Inn (078-0056) Figure 63. Mountain Spring Village (078-5033) Figure 64. Historic View of Cary/Bradford Store (Flint Hill, PIF area) Figure 65. Commercial Building, 650 Zachary Taylor Highway (078-5018-0007) Figure 66. Castleton Store (078-5101) Figure 67. Service Station, 12004 Lee Highway (078-5042) Figure 68. Drawing of Rappahannock National Bank (322-0011-0051) Figure 69. Fruit Stand, 11644 Lee Highway (078-5043) Figure 70. Meadow Grove (078-0059) Figure 71. Stonehaven (078-5072) Figure 72. Miller-Spalding House (078-5018-0003) Figure 73. Eastham/Nine Gate (078-0087) Figure 74. Mont Medi (078-5026) Figure 75. Alta Vista, Historic View (078-0001) Figure 76. Alta Vista (078-0001) Figure 77. House, 40 Crane Lane (078-5104) Figure 78. Mount Prospect (078-0013) Figure 79. Historic View of the Rickett’s Hotel Figure 80. Bunree (078-5096) Figure 81. Ben Venue, Salve Quarters (078-0003) Figure 82. Meadow Grove, Slave Quarters (078-0059) Figure
Load more

Recommended publications
  • People, Land, and Water of the Upper Thornton River Watershed: a Model for Countywide Watershed Management Planning
    People, land, and water of the Upper Thornton River Watershed: A model for countywide watershed management planning Final Report to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation RappFLOW Grant #2005-0001-039 Prepared by Beverly Hunter, Project Director [email protected] Phone: 540 937-4038 This report is available in pdf format from www.rappflow.org November 29, 2006 12/18/2006 1 Introduction Rappahannock Friends and Lovers of Our Watershed (RappFLOW) is a group of volunteers founded in the summer of 2002. We work with many partner organizations as well as local leaders, landowners, and other stakeholders to help preserve, protect and restore the watersheds and water quality in Rappahanock County, Virginia. In this report, we provide highlights of the results, lessons learned and progress made from March 2005 through November 2006 in the project “People, land, and water of the Upper Thornton River Watershed: A model for countywide watershed management planning.” This project was funded in part by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, the County of Rappahannock, nonprofit organizations, and private donors. Several state agencies provided technical assistance and training. Rappahannock County is a rural, scenic county with a population of about 7,000 at the headwaters of the Rappahannock River Basin. Seven hundred and fifty-five (755) stream miles in 1,010 stream segments (National Hydrology Database 2005), many on steep slopes, crisscross our land area of about 267 square miles. The northwestern boundary is in the Blue Ridge Mountains, in Shenandoah National Park. The Rappahannock River forms the northeastern boundary with Fauquier County.
    [Show full text]
  • Existing Land Use Characteristics
    CHAPTER FIVE EXISTING LAND USE CHARACTERISTICS Rappahannock County is a scenic, rural County dominated by forestal land uses, which occupied over 50% of the County's land area in 1997 according to the Census of Agriculture. This is due in part to the 31,700 acres of the Shenandoah National Park located in the County. However, it may also be attributed to the rugged character of the area that makes much of the land unsuitable for plowing. Agriculture and pasture is the second most dominant land use in the County with almost 34% of the land in this category. Vacant land, which consisted of unusable land due to location, slope, or soil conditions accounts for 7.6% of the County's land. The remaining 1.92% may be considered developed (see Table 5.1). Table 5.1 Existing Land Uses (Estimated) Acres % Residential 1,450 0.80 Commercial 75 0.04 Industrial 45 0.03 Public/Semi-Public 100 0.05 Highways, Roads, R-O-W 2,050 1.20 SUB-TOTAL 3,720 2.00 (DEVELOPED) Agriculture Crops & 57,337 33.55 Pasture Forests Farms 31,349 18.34 Commercial 36,774 21.52 Federal 31,700 18.55 Vacant 10,000 5.85 SUB-TOTAL 167,160 98 (UNDEVELOPED) GRAND TOTAL 170,880 100.00 47 *Note that as of 1994, there were approximately 20,600 acres in Agricultural and Forestal Districts and 3,500 acres in conservation easement in Rappahannock County. Map No. 10: Agricultural/Forestal Districts shows the approximate location of the current Agricultural and Forestal Districts in the County.
    [Show full text]
  • PETITION Ror,RECOGNITION of the FLORIDA TRIBE Or EASTERN CREEK INDIANS
    'l PETITION rOR,RECOGNITION OF THE FLORIDA TRIBE or EASTERN CREEK INDIANS TH;: FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS and the Administra­ tive Council, THE NORTHWEST FLORIDA CREEK INDIAN COUNCIL brings this, thew petition to the DEPARTMENT Or THE INTERIOR OF THE FEDERAL GOVERN- MENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, and prays this honorable nation will honor their petition, which is a petition for recognition by this great nation that THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS is an Indian Tribe. In support of this plea for recognition THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS herewith avers: (1) THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS nor any of its members, is the subject of Congressional legislation which has expressly terminated or forbidden the Federal relationship sought. (2) The membership of THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS is composed principally of persons who are not members of any other North American Indian tribe. (3) A list of all known current members of THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS, based on the tribes acceptance of these members and the tribes own defined membership criteria is attached to this petition and made a part of it. SEE APPENDIX----- A The membership consists of individuals who are descendants of the CREEK NATION which existed in aboriginal times, using and occuping this present georgraphical location alone, and in conjunction with other people since that time. - l - MNF-PFD-V001-D0002 Page 1of4 (4) Attached herewith and made a part of this petition is the present governing Constitution of THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEKS INDIANS.
    [Show full text]
  • County and Private Day Humpback County Placements
    Joint Subcommittee Visit for HHR Oversight Augusta Discusses CSA County and Private Day Humpback COUNTY Placements... Page 3 Rock... CONNECTIONS Page 5 Chamber of VACo The Newsletter of the Commerce Associate Virginia Association of Counties releases updated Member business plan... SPOTLIGHT Page 4 - AquaLaw... December 5, 2017 Page 7 Virginia Improves Ranking on Forbes.com “Best States for Business” List Governor Terry McAuliffe announced on November 28 that Virginia was ranked fifth on Forbes.com’s 2017 “Best States for Business” list, an improvement over its rankings in 2015 (when it ranked seventh) and 2016 (when it ranked sixth). Forbes.com rates states in six categories to establish the overall ranking: business costs, labor supply, regulatory environment, economic climate, growth prospects, and quality of life. Virginia scored particularly well in the labor supply, regulatory environment, and quality of life categories, ranking third, second, and eighth, respectively. Forbes calculates labor supply rankings based on high school and college attainment, net migration, population growth, union representation, and the proportion of 25 to 34-year-olds within the state’s population. States’ regulatory environments are scored based on rankings from several sources, including Moody’s bond ratings; analyses by the Mercatus Center at George Mason University of labor regulations, insurance coverage requirements, tort liability, and the state’s debt obligations; and an index by Pollina Corporate Real Estate measuring tax incentives and economic development efforts. Quality of life is determined based on cost of living, crime rates, commute times, and health measures such as air pollution, among other factors. Virginia’s scores were lower in the business costs and economic climate categories (29th and 33rd, respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • Macon-Bibb County Planning & Zoning Commission
    Macon-Bibb County Planning & Zoning Commission COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Community Assessment Draft – Public Review Phase February 2006 Macon-Bibb County Planning & Zoning Commissioners Theresa T. Watkins, Chariman Joni Woolf, Vice-Chairman James B. Patton Lonnie Miley Damon D. King Administrative Staff Vernon B. Ryle, III, Executive Director James P. Thomas, Director of Urban Planning Jean G. Brown, Zoning Director Dennis B. Brill, GIS/Graphics Director D. Elaine Smith, Human Resources Officer Kathryn B. Sanders, Finance Officer R. Barry Bissonette, Public Information Officers Macon-Bibb County Comprehensive Plan 2030 Prepared By: Macon-Bibb County Planning & Zoning Commission 682 Cherry Street Suite 1000 Macon, Georgia 478-751-7460 www.mbpz.org February 2006 “The opinion, findings, and conclusions in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation, State of Georgia, or the Federal Highway Administration. Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………Introduction-1 Chapter 1- General Population Overview .................................................................... 1-1 Chapter 2 - Economic Development ............................................................................ 2-1 Chapter 3 - Housing......................................................................................................... 3-1 Chapter 4 - Natural and Cultural Resources................................................................. 4-1 Chapter 5 - Community Facilities and Services...........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Scenic Landforms of Virginia
    Vol. 34 August 1988 No. 3 SCENIC LANDFORMS OF VIRGINIA Harry Webb . Virginia has a wide variety of scenic landforms, such State Highway, SR - State Road, GWNF.R(T) - George as mountains, waterfalls, gorges, islands, water and Washington National Forest Road (Trail), JNFR(T) - wind gaps, caves, valleys, hills, and cliffs. These land- Jefferson National Forest Road (Trail), BRPMP - Blue forms, some with interesting names such as Hanging Ridge Parkway mile post, and SNPMP - Shenandoah Rock, Devils Backbone, Striped Rock, and Lovers Leap, National Park mile post. range in elevation from Mt. Rogers at 5729 feet to As- This listing is primarily of those landforms named on sateague and Tangier islands near sea level. Two nat- topographic maps. It is hoped that the reader will advise ural lakes occur in Virginia, Mountain Lake in Giles the Division of other noteworthy landforms in the st& County and Lake Drummond in the City of Chesapeake. that are not mentioned. For those features on private Gaps through the mountains were important routes for land always obtain the owner's permission before vis- early settlers and positions for military movements dur- iting. Some particularly interesting features are de- ing the Civil War. Today, many gaps are still important scribed in more detail below. locations of roads and highways. For this report, landforms are listed alphabetically Dismal Swamp (see Chesapeake, City of) by county or city. Features along county lines are de- The Dismal Swamp, located in southeastern Virginia, scribed in only one county with references in other ap- is about 10 to 11 miles wide and 15 miles long, and propriate counties.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnographic Overview and Assessment of Ocmulgee National Monument
    FINAL REPORT September 2014 Ethnographic Overview and Assessment of Ocmulgee National Monument for the National Park Service Task Agreement No. P11AT51123 Deborah Andrews Peter Collings Department of Anthropology University of Florida Dayna Bowker Lee 1 I. Introduction, by Deborah Andrews 6 II. Background: The History of Ocmulgee National Monument 8 A. The Geography of Place 8 B. Preservation and Recognition of Ocmulgee National Monument 10 1. National Monument Designation 10 2. Depression Era Excavations 13 C. Research on and about Ocmulgee National Monument 18 III. Ethnohistory and Archaeology of Ocmulgee National Monument 23 A. The Occupants and Features of the Site 23 1. The Uchee Trading Path 24 2. PaleoIndian, Archaic and Woodland Eras 27 3. The Mississippian Mound Builders 37 4. The Lamar Focus and Migration 47 5. Proto-historic Creek and Spanish Contact 56 6. Carolina Trading Post and English Contact 59 7. The Yamassee War 64 8. Georgia Colony, Treaties and Removal 66 B. Historic Connections, Features and Uses of the Site 77 1. The City of Macon 77 2. Past Historic Uses of the Site 77 a. The Dunlap Plantation 78 b. Civil War Fortification 80 c. Railroads 81 2 d. Industry and Clay Mining 83 e. Interstate 16 84 f. Recreation and Education 85 C. Population 87 IV. Contemporary Views on the Ocmulgee National Monument Site, by Dayna Bowker Lee 93 A. Consultation 93 B. Etvlwu: The Tribal Town 94 C. The Upper and Lower Creek 98 D. Moving the Fires: The Etvlwv in Indian Territory, Oklahoma 99 E. Okmulgee in the West 104 F.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 USFWS Great Spangled Fritillary
    Chapter 3 USFWS Great spangled fritillary Existing Environment ■ Introduction ■ The Physical Landscape ■ The Cultural Landscape Setting and Land Use History ■ Current Climate ■ Air Quality ■ Water Quality ■ Regional Socio-Economic Setting ■ Refuge Administration ■ Special Use Permits, including Research ■ Refuge Natural Resources ■ Refuge Biological Resources ■ Refuge Visitor Services Program ■ Archealogical and Historical Resources The Physical Landscape Introduction This chapter describes the physical, biological, and social environment of the Rappahannock River Valley refuge. We provide descriptions of the physical landscape, the regional setting and its history, and the refuge setting, including its history, current administration, programs, and specifi c refuge resources. Much of what we describe below refl ects the refuge environment as it was in 2007. Since that time, we have been writing, compiling and reviewing this document. As such, some minor changes likely occurred to local conditions or refuge programs as we continued to implement under current management. However, we do not believe those changes appreciably affect what we present below. The Physical Landscape Watershed Our project area is part of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, a drainage basin of 64,000 square miles encompassing parts of the states of Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. The waters of that basin fl ow into the Chesapeake Bay, the nation’s largest estuary. The watershed contains an array of habitat types, including mixed hardwood forests typical of the Appalachian Mountains, grasslands and agricultural fi elds, lakes, rivers, and streams, wetlands and shallow waters, and open water in tidal rivers and the estuary. That diversity supports more than 2,700 species of plants and animals, including Service trust resources such as endangered or threatened species, migratory birds, and anadromous fi sh (www.fws.gov/chesapeakebay/ coastpgm.htm).
    [Show full text]
  • Archeology of the Funeral Mound, Ocmulgee National Monument, Georgia
    1.2.^5^-3 rK 'rm ' ^ -*m *~ ^-mt\^ -» V-* ^JT T ^T A . ESEARCH SERIES NUMBER THREE Clemson Universii akCHEOLOGY of the FUNERAL MOUND OCMULGEE NATIONAL MONUMENT, GEORGIA TIONAL PARK SERVICE • U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 3ERAL JCATK5N r -v-^tfS i> &, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fred A. Seaton, Secretary National Park Service Conrad L. Wirth, Director Ihis publication is one of a series of research studies devoted to specialized topics which have been explored in con- nection with the various areas in the National Park System. It is printed at the Government Printing Office and may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price $1 (paper cover) ARCHEOLOGY OF THE FUNERAL MOUND OCMULGEE National Monument, Georgia By Charles H. Fairbanks with introduction by Frank M. Settler ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCH SERIES NUMBER THREE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR • WASHINGTON 1956 THE NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM, of which Ocmulgee National Monument is a unit, is dedi- cated to conserving the scenic, scientific, and his- toric heritage of the United States for the benefit and enjoyment of its people. Foreword Ocmulgee National Monument stands as a memorial to a way of life practiced in the Southeast over a span of 10,000 years, beginning with the Paleo-Indian hunters and ending with the modern Creeks of the 19th century. Here modern exhibits in the monument museum will enable you to view the panorama of aboriginal development, and here you can enter the restoration of an actual earth lodge and stand where forgotten ceremonies of a great tribe were held.
    [Show full text]
  • Brook Trout Outcome Management Strategy
    Brook Trout Outcome Management Strategy Introduction Brook Trout symbolize healthy waters because they rely on clean, cold stream habitat and are sensitive to rising stream temperatures, thereby serving as an aquatic version of a “canary in a coal mine”. Brook Trout are also highly prized by recreational anglers and have been designated as the state fish in many eastern states. They are an essential part of the headwater stream ecosystem, an important part of the upper watershed’s natural heritage and a valuable recreational resource. Land trusts in West Virginia, New York and Virginia have found that the possibility of restoring Brook Trout to local streams can act as a motivator for private landowners to take conservation actions, whether it is installing a fence that will exclude livestock from a waterway or putting their land under a conservation easement. The decline of Brook Trout serves as a warning about the health of local waterways and the lands draining to them. More than a century of declining Brook Trout populations has led to lost economic revenue and recreational fishing opportunities in the Bay’s headwaters. Chesapeake Bay Management Strategy: Brook Trout March 16, 2015 - DRAFT I. Goal, Outcome and Baseline This management strategy identifies approaches for achieving the following goal and outcome: Vital Habitats Goal: Restore, enhance and protect a network of land and water habitats to support fish and wildlife, and to afford other public benefits, including water quality, recreational uses and scenic value across the watershed. Brook Trout Outcome: Restore and sustain naturally reproducing Brook Trout populations in Chesapeake Bay headwater streams, with an eight percent increase in occupied habitat by 2025.
    [Show full text]
  • Acts of the Eleventh Congress of the United States
    ACTS OF THE ELEVENTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, Passed at the first session, which was begun and held at the City of Washington, in the District of Columbia, on Monday, the twenty- second day of May, 1809, and ended on the twenty-eighth day of June, 1809. JAMES MADISON, President; GEORGE CLINTON, Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate; ANDREW GREGG, Pre- sident of the Senate pro tempore, on the 28th of June; J. B. VARNUM, Speaker of the House of Representatives. STATUTE I. CHAPTER I.--.n AcJt respecting the ships or vessels owned by citizens or subjects May 30, 1809. of foreign nations with which commercial intercourseis permitted. [Obsolete.] Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United Act of March States of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the 1,1809, ch. 24. Ships and ves- passing of this act, all ships or vessels owned by citizens or subjects of sels of foreign any foreign nation with which commercial intercourse is permitted by nations with the act, entituled "An act to interdict the commercial intercourse be- which inter- course is per- tween the United States and Great Britain and France, and their depen- mitted by the dencies, and for other purposes," be permitted to take on board cargoes act of March 1, of domestic or foreign produce, and to depart with the same for any 1809, shall be permitted to foreign port or place with which such intercourse is, or shall, at the take cargoes time of their departure respectively, be thus permitted, in the same man- and depart for ner, and on the same conditions, as is provided by the act aforesaid, for any port with which inter.
    [Show full text]
  • A Writer on the Mountain
    Cover Story | by Laura Emery, Field Editor A Writer on the Mountain Meet Deirdre Conroy, winner of the Virginia Outdoor Writers Association/ Cooperative Living Collegiate Writing Award. t’s not easy to describe the wonder “We’re pleased that Deirdre Conroy A sophomore at Virginia Tech, Conroy of standing at the summit of a enjoyed her hiking experience on Old Rag is pursuing a double major in Wildlife mountain, gazing out into the clouds Mountain, and we encourage other Conservation and Literature. With career that wreath its peak. The view is outdoor enthusiasts to explore all that our aspirations of becoming a field scientist, majestic, a sea of rippled peaks unfurled park has to offer,” says Claire Comer with Conroy hopes to combine her love of Iin waves across the horizon. the U.S. National Park Service. writing and outdoor recreation through Northern Virginia’s Deirdre Conroy wildlife conservation research and writing has experienced this feeling many times, of grants and research proposals. on multiple mountains. But it was her Conroy is vivacious and full of passion experience on Old Rag Mountain, a for the outdoors. She works part-time for great mass of exposed granite east of Venture Out, a resource center for outdoor the Blue Ridge crest in Virginia’s excursions at Virginia Tech. Her outdoor Shenandoah National Park, that inspired recreational interests include horseback her to transform her wonder into words. riding, kayaking, rock climbing, trail Conroy, 19, is the winner of this running, caving and backpacking. “In O year’s Cooperative Living Collegiate T becoming a caver, I have gained new O H Undergraduate Writing Award (for best P knowledge about myself and my limits, Y Virginia-specific essay), part of the R and have acquired a new appreciation for E M E Virginia Outdoor Writers Association’s Virginia,” she says.
    [Show full text]