DOCSLIB.ORG

Low Carbohydrate–Diet Scores and Long-Term Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Low Carbohydrate–Diet Scores and Long-Term Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care Volume 39, January 2016 43 – Wei Bao,1,2 Shanshan Li,1 Low Carbohydrate Diet Scores and Jorge E. Chavarro,3,4,5 Deirdre K. Tobias,3,6 Yeyi Zhu,1 Frank B. Hu,3,4,5 and Long-term Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Cuilin Zhang1 Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study Diabetes Care 2016;39:43–49 | DOI: 10.2337/dc15-1642 OBJECTIVE Low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) may improve short-term glycemic control in pa- MANAGEMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS tients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the long-term effect on pro- gression from GDM to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unknown. We aimed to examine the long-term risk of T2DM in association with a low-carbohydrate di- etary pattern among women with a history of GDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS ’ Overall, 4,502 women with a history of GDM from the Nurses Health Study II 1 ’ Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural (NHSII) cohort, as part of the Diabetes & Women s Health (DWH) study, were Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy followed up from 1991 to 2011. Overall, animal, or vegetable LCD scores, which Shriver National Institute of Child Health and represent adherence to different low-carbohydrate dietary patterns, were calcu- Human Development, National Institutes of lated using diet intake information assessed every 4 years since 1991 by validated Health, Rockville, MD 2Department of Epidemiology, College of Public food-frequency questionnaires. We used Cox proportional hazards models to Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. 3Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA RESULTS 4Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. We documented 722 incident cases of T2DM during 68,897 person-years of ob- Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 5Channing Division of Network Medicine, De- servation. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of T2DM, comparing the high- partment of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s est with lowest quintiles, were 1.36 (1.04–1.78) for overall LCD score (P = 0.003 for Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, trend), 1.40 (1.06–1.84) for animal LCD score (P = 0.004 for trend), and 1.19 (0.91– MA 6 1.55) for vegetable LCD score (P = 0.50 for trend). Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA CONCLUSIONS Corresponding author: Cuilin Zhang, zhangcu@ Among women with a history of GDM, a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern, par- mail.nih.gov. ticularly with high protein and fat intake mainly from animal-source foods, is Received 27 July 2015 and accepted 9 October associated with higher T2DM risk, whereas a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern 2015. with high protein and fat intake from plant-source foods is not significantly asso- This article contains Supplementary Data online ciated with risk of T2DM. at http://care.diabetesjournals.org/lookup/ suppl/doi:10.2337/dc15-1642/-/DC1. © 2016 by the American Diabetes Association. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a worldwide epidemic, underscoring Readers may use this article as long as the work is the importance of preventing T2DM as a public health priority (1). Women with a properly cited, the use is educational and not for history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a common pregnancy complication, profit, and the work is not altered. represent a group at high risk of T2DM (2). Specifically, women with GDM have See accompanying articles, pp. 13, 16, sevenfold increased risk of developing T2DM compared with those with a 24, 31, 39, 50, 53, 55, 61, and 65. 44 LCD Score and T2DM Risk After GDM Diabetes Care Volume 39, January 2016 normoglycemic pregnancy (3). Although RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS food by the nutrient content of the GDM is detected during pregnancy, Study Population specified portion based on food compo- most women with GDM probably The study population is composed of sition data from U.S. Department of Ag- have reduced insulin secretion and/or women with a history of GDM in the riculture and data from manufacturers. chronic insulin resistance before preg- Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII), as part Intakes of carbohydrate, fat, and pro- nancy, and the glucose intolerance of the ongoing Diabetes & Women’s tein were expressed as nutrient densi- may deteriorate through their life span Health (DWH) study (13), which aims to ties (i.e., percent of energy), and intakes (2). The roles of dietary and lifestyle fac- identify determinants of the progression of other nutrients were energy adjusted tors in modifying the natural course of from GDM to T2DM. The NHSII, estab- using the residual method (18). A previ- the progression from GDM to overt lished in 1989, is an ongoing prospective ous validation study comparing energy- T2DM remain to be elucidated in such a cohort study of 116,430 female nurses adjusted macronutrient intake assessed high-risk population. In previous studies, aged 24–44 years at study initiation by the FFQ with four 1-week diet records we found that higher diet quality and a (14). The participants receive a biennial found the Pearson correlation coeffi- physically active lifestyle are associated questionnaire to update information on cients were 0.61 for total carbohydrates, with lower risk of T2DM among women health-related behaviors and disease 0.52 for total protein, and 0.54 for total with prior GDM (4,5). outcomes. Follow-up for each question- fat (16). Low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) are naire cycle is greater than 90%. This study To represent adherence to various among the most popular diets that are was approved by the Partners Human Re- low-carbohydrate dietary patterns, we claimedtopromoteweightloss(6). search Committee (Boston, MA), with calculated three LCD scores (i.e., overall These diets are appealing because of participants’ consent implied by the re- LCD score, animal LCD score, and vege- not having to count calories or compro- turn of the questionnaires. table LCD score) for each participant, as mise the consumption of many palat- In this cohort, dietary information previously described (19,20). Briefly, we able foods. However, LCDs are at risk was collected first in 1991 and every divided study participants into 11 strata for being nutritionally inadequate or 4 years thereafter using a semiquantita- accordingtoeachoffat,protein,and imbalanced because they enforce re- tive food-frequency questionnaire carbohydrate intake, expressed as per- striction of food choices (7). These diets (FFQ). Participants were eligible for in- centages of energy. We assigned them limit consumption of some healthful clusion in this analysis if they reported 0–10 points for increasing intake of total dietary components, such as whole GDM before 1991 or incident GDM fat, 0–10 points for increasing intake of grains, dietary fiber, fruit, and vegeta- through the 2001 questionnaire. GDM total protein, and inversely, 10–0 points bles, and they can be high in animal fat was last captured on the 2001 question- for increasing intake of carbohydrates. and red meat, which have been associ- naire because most of the NHSII partic- Then we summed points for the three ated with an increased risk of T2DM (8). ipants passed reproductive age. In a macronutrients to create an overall LCD Therefore, long-term adherence to prior validation study among a subgroup score, which ranged from 0 to 30. Simi- LCDs, particularly those mainly based of this cohort, 94% of GDM self-reports larly, we also created an animal LCD on animal-source foods, may have un- were confirmed by medical records (14). score to represent preferential substitu- favorable effects on glucose homeosta- In a random sample of parous women tion of carbohydrates with fat and sis and increase the risk of T2DM. A without GDM, 83% reported a glucose protein from animal sources and a previous study found a dietary pattern screening test during pregnancy, and vegetable LCD score to represent pref- score representing moderately low car- 100% reported frequent prenatal urine erential substitution of carbohydrates bohydrate, high animal protein, and screenings, indicating a high level of with fat and protein from vegetable high animal fat intakes was positively GDM surveillance in this cohort (14). sources. The animal LCD score was associated with T2DM risk (9). Participants were excluded from this based on intakes of carbohydrate, ani- Women with GDM are advised to analysis if they reported chronic disease mal protein, and animal fat, and the limit carbohydrate intake during and (T2DM, cardiovascular disease, cancer) vegetable LCD score was based on in- after pregnancy as a key component before their GDM pregnancy or before takes of carbohydrate, vegetable protein, of medical nutrition therapy. For in- the return of their first post-GDM FFQ, and vegetable fat. A higher score reflects a stance, the Endocrine Society Clinical had a multiple-birth pregnancy, or did higher intake of fat and protein and a Practice Guideline suggests that women not return any post-GDM FFQ. lower intake of carbohydrate, indicating with GDM should limit carbohydrate closer adherence to a low-carbohydrate intake to 35–45% of total calories Exposure Assessment dietary pattern. (10). LCDs may improve short-term gly- Every 4 years since 1991, the partici- cemic control in patients with GDM pants reported their usual intake (fre- Covariate Assessment (11,12), but the long-term effect on quency ranging from never to .6 Information on age, weight, race/ the progression from GDM to T2DM is times/day) during the past year of a ethnicity, family history of diabetes, smok- unknown. In this study, we examined standard portion of each item in the ing status, age at first birth, use of oral the long-term risk of T2DM in asso- FFQ.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Maternal Diabetes and Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Offspring: a Review of Epidemiological Evidence and Potential Biologic Mechanisms
    North American Journal of Medicine and Science Oct 2011 Vol 4 No.4 217 Review Maternal Diabetes and Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Offspring: A Review of Epidemiological Evidence and Potential Biologic Mechanisms Katherine Bowers, PhD;* Cuilin Zhang MD, PhD* Epidemiology Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD Gestational diabetes is a common pregnancy complication whose prevalence is increasing among women of reproductive age and results in both short-and long-term adverse outcomes for the offspring. Hyperglycemia or other consequences of adverse maternal metabolic profiles in pregnancy may contribute to autism risk through several potential mediating mechanisms, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and epigenetics. The present review aims to summarize recent studies exploring the association between maternal pre-gestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, obesity and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in the offspring. We will also explore potential biologic mechanisms to explain the association between in utero exposure to a hyperglycemic environment and risk for ASD, including inflammation, oxidative stress and epigenetics. Considering the concurrent rise in obesity and diabetes in pregnancy, as well as the modifiable nature of these disorders, their associations with ASD and the underlying molecular mechanisms should be explored further. [N A J Med Sci. 2011;4(4):217-221.] Key Words: gestational diabetes mellitus
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Variants of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Study of 112 Snps Among 8722 Women in Two Independent Populations
    Diabetologia https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4637-8 ARTICLE Genetic variants of gestational diabetes mellitus: a study of 112 SNPs among 8722 women in two independent populations Ming Ding1 & Jorge Chavarro1,2,3 & Sjurdur Olsen4 & Yuan Lin5 & Sylvia H. Ley1,3 & Wei Bao6 & Shristi Rawal7 & Louise G. Grunnet8 & Anne Cathrine B. Thuesen8 & James L. Mills5 & Edwina Yeung5 & Stefanie N. Hinkle5 & Wei Zhang4 & Allan Vaag9 & Aiyi Liu5 & Frank B. Hu1,2,3 & Cuilin Zhang5 Received: 29 January 2018 /Accepted: 26 March 2018 # This is a U.S. government work and its text is not subject to copyright protection in the United States; however, its text may be subject to foreign copyright protection 2018 Abstract Aims/hypothesis Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy that has substantial short- and long-term adverse health implications for women and their children. However, large-scale studies on genetic risk loci for GDM remain sparse. Methods We conducted a case–control study among 2636 women with GDM and 6086 non-GDM control women from the Nurses’ Health Study II and the Danish National Birth Cohort. A total of 112 susceptibility genetic variants confirmed by genome-wide association studies for type 2 diabetes were selected and measured. A weighted genetic risk score (GRS) was created based on variants that were significantly associated with risk of GDM after correcting for the false discovery rate. Results For the first time, we identified eight variants associated with GDM, namely rs7957197 (HNF1A), rs10814916 (GLIS3), rs3802177 (SLC30A8), rs9379084 (RREB1), rs34872471 (TCF7L2), rs7903146 (TCF7L2), rs11787792 (GPSM1)and rs7041847 (GLIS3).
    [Show full text]
  • Micronutrients Intake and Status During Pregnancy and Lactation
    nutrients Micronutrients Intake and Status during Pregnancy and Lactation Edited by Louise Brough and Gail Rees Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Nutrients www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients Micronutrients Intake and Status during Pregnancy and Lactation Micronutrients Intake and Status during Pregnancy and Lactation Special Issue Editors Louise Brough Gail Rees MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editors Louise Brough Gail Rees Massey University University of Plymouth New Zealand UK Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643) from 2018 to 2019 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients/ special issues/Micronutrients Pregnancy Lactation) For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03897-840-4 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03897–841-1 (PDF) c 2019 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Special Issue Editors ..................................... vii Preface to ”Micronutrients Intake and Status during Pregnancy and Lactation” ........
    [Show full text]
  • 47Th Annual Meeting Final Program (As of 6/9/2014) June 24 – 27, 2014
    47th Annual Meeting Final Program (as of 6/9/2014) June 24 – 27, 2014 TUESDAY, JUNE 24, 2014 7:00 - 8:30 pm Welcome Reception and Poster Session 1 Grand Ballroom 3 AGING 001 Birth Weight as a Predictor of Grip Strength in the Seventh Decade of Life Mark Pearce 002 Bladder Antimuscarinics and Cognitive Decline in Elderly Patients Enrolled in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Cohort Daniela Moga 003-S From Forgetful to Disabled: Does Physical Inactivity Accelerate Onset of IADL Limitations among Memory Impaired Adults? Pamela Rist 004 Leukocyte Telomere Length and Mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002 Belinda Needham 005-S Polypharmacy among Adults Aged 65 and Older in the United States: 1988-2010 Christina Charlesworth 006-S The Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE): Depression and Body Composition among Aging Populations William Olson 007-S Use of Electronic Medical Records and Health Risk Assessments to Understand Sedentary Time in Older Adults Dori Rosenberg 008 Is Spousal Caregiving Associated with Physical Activity Prevalence?: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study Benjamin Capistrant 009 Objectively Measured Physical Activity among Older Adults in an Urban Setting in India: Results of a Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) Sub-Study Josh Snodgrass 010-S Physical Activity, Functional Abilities, and Health: Results of a WHO SAGE Sub-Study among Older Adults in an Urban Setting in India Tyler Barrett 011-S A Prospective Assessment of Cardiac Biomarkers for
    [Show full text]
  • 2014 ADA Posters 1319-2206.Indd
    EPIDEMIOLOGY—AGINGCATEGORY glucose metabolism (AGM) for women postpartum with previous gestational health care priorities. We conducted an epidemiologic analysis using the diabetes mellitus (GDM). A 75 g OGTT underwent at 6-8 weeks after delivery National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess in 179 GDM patients. The clinical and obstetric characteristics, serum lipid trends in glycemic, blood pressure (BP), and cholesterol controls. ADA level (TCH, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C), insulin level, GA, IGF-1, IGF-BP3, HOMA-B, recommended treatment goals for older adults were used to evaluate the and HOMA-IR were compared between the two groups. We found that: (1) metabolic control. This analysis included 1604 adults aged ≥ 65 who reported 45.8% (82/179) of GDM patients remained abnormal glucose level. The rates a diabetes diagnosis at age 30 and older. The mean (SE) age was 73 (0.2) of DM, IGT, IFG and IGR were 20.1% (36/179), 17.3% (31/179), 3.3% (6/179) years; 55% female; 72% white, 13% black, and 5% Mexican Americans. The and 5% (9/179) respectively. (2) Compared to the women who reverted to mean diabetes duration was 12.4 (0.2) years, and mean BMI was 30.7 (0.23) normal, women with AGM showed shorter pregnant period (38.04±1.18 kg/m2. A1c, BP, and LDL-C had improved overall from 1999 to 2010. The mean weeks vs. 38.42±1.11 weeks, P=0.003), signifi cantly higher fasting insulin A1c was 7.3% (0.10), 6.7% (0.07), and 7.0% (0.06) in 1999-2002, 2003-2006, (FINS) level (58.59±38.22 pmol/L vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Longitudinal Plasma Metabolomics Profile in Pregnancy—A Study in An
    nutrients Article Longitudinal Plasma Metabolomics Profile in Pregnancy—A Study in an Ethnically Diverse U.S. Pregnancy Cohort Susanna D. Mitro 1, Jing Wu 2, Mohammad L. Rahman 3, Yaqi Cao 4, Yeyi Zhu 5, Zhen Chen 6, Liwei Chen 7, Mengying Li 1 , Stefanie N. Hinkle 1, Andrew A. Bremer 8, Natalie L. Weir 9, Michael Y. Tsai 9, Yiqing Song 10 , Katherine L. Grantz 1, Bizu Gelaye 11 and Cuilin Zhang 1,* 1 Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; [email protected] (S.D.M.); [email protected] (M.L.); [email protected] (S.N.H.); [email protected] (K.L.G.) 2 Glotech, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Population Medicine and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; [email protected] 4 Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; [email protected] 5 Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612, USA; [email protected] 6 Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; [email protected] 7 Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health,
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 ANNUAL REPORT Division of Intramural Population Health Research, NICHD TABLE of CONTENTS
    Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 2019 ANNUAL REPORT Division of Intramural Population Health Research, NICHD TABLE OF CONTENTS OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR . 1 Message from the Director . 1 The Division of Intramural Population Health Research (DIPHR) . 2 BIOSTATISTICS AND BIOINFORMATICS BRANCH . 4 Aiyi Liu, Ph .D . 5 Rajeshwari Sundaram, Ph .D ., M .Stat . 6 Zhen Chen, Ph .D . 7 EPIDEMIOLOGY BRANCH . 8 Enrique F . Schisterman, Ph .D ., M .A. 10 James L . Mills, M .D ., M .S. 11 Pauline Mendola, Ph .D . 12 Cuilin Zhang, M .D ., Ph .D ., M .P.H. 13 Edwina Yeung, Ph .D ., Sc .M . 14 Sunni L . Mumford, Ph .D ., M .S. 15 Katherine Laughon Grantz, M .D . 16 Fasil Tekola-Ayele, Ph .D . 17 SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES BRANCH . 18 Stephen E . Gilman, Sc .D . 20 Bruce Simons-Morton, Ed .D ., M .P .H. 22 Tonja Nansel, Ph .D . 23 CONTRACEPTIVE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM . 24 Diana Blithe, Ph .D . 25 2019 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 27 2019 NICHD ANNUAL REPORT ii Division of Intramural Population Health Research OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR The mission of the Division of Intramural Population Health Research is to conduct research leading to the promotion of population health and well-being . I am privileged to be serving as the interim Division Director windows of human development and their implications for following the departure of Dr. Germaine Buck Louis in future generations. It is exciting and rewarding to conduct September 2017. research that not only will keep people healthy across the lifespan, but the health of generations to come.
    [Show full text]
  • Adipokines in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Subsequent Risk of Gestational Diabetes
    Epidemiology/Health Services Research BMJ Open Diab Res Care: first published as 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001333 on 2 August 2020. Downloaded from Open access Original research Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes: a longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort Ellen C Francis ,1,2 Mengying Li ,2 Stefanie N Hinkle,2 Yaqi Cao,3 Jinbo Chen,3 Jing Wu,4 Yeyi Zhu,5,6 Haiming Cao,7 Karen Kemper,8 Lior Rennert,8 Joel Williams,8 Michael Y Tsai,9 Liwei Chen,10 Cuilin Zhang2 To cite: Francis EC, Li M, ABSTRACT Hinkle SN, et al. Adipokines in Introduction Several adipokines are implicated in the Significance of this study early and mid- pregnancy and pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), subsequent risk of gestational however, longitudinal data in early pregnancy on many What is already known about this subject? diabetes: a longitudinal adipokines are lacking. We prospectively investigated the ► Some adipokines have been implicated in the patho- study in a multiracial cohort. physiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), BMJ Open Diab Res Care association of a panel of adipokines in early and mid- pregnancy with GDM risk. however, longitudinal adipokine data beginning in 2020;8:e001333. doi:10.1136/ the first trimester of human pregnancy are lacking bmjdrc-2020-001333 Research design and methods Within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal and this impedes our understanding of their associ- Growth Studies-Singletons cohort (n=2802), a panel of 10 ation with GDM risk. Additional material is ► adipokines (plasma fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4), What are the new findings? published online only.
    [Show full text]
  • Plasma Phospholipid N-3 and N-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Plasma phospholipid n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to cardiometabolic markers and gestational diabetes: A longitudinal study within the prospective NICHD Fetal Growth Studies 1,2 3 4 3 Yeyi ZhuID *, Mengying LiID , Mohammad L. RahmanID , Stefanie N. HinkleID , 5 6 7 8 6 1 a1111111111 Jing WuID , Natalie L. Weir , Yuan Lin , Huixia Yang , Michael Y. Tsai , Assiamira Ferrara , 3 a1111111111 Cuilin ZhangID * a1111111111 a1111111111 1 Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, a1111111111 United States of America, 3 Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 4 Department of Population Medicine and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 5 Glotech Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 6 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, 7 Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public OPEN ACCESS Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, 8 Department of Obstetrics and Citation: Zhu Y, Li M, Rahman ML, Hinkle SN, Wu Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China J, Weir NL, et al. (2019) Plasma phospholipid n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to * [email protected] (CZ); [email protected] (YZ) cardiometabolic markers and gestational diabetes: A longitudinal study within the prospective NICHD Fetal Growth Studies. PLoS Med 16(9): e1002910.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 ANNUAL REPORT Division of Intramural Population Health Research, NICHD TABLE of CONTENTS
    Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 2018 ANNUAL REPORT Division of Intramural Population Health Research, NICHD TABLE OF CONTENTS OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 1 Message from the Director 1 Division of Intramural Population Health Research (DIPHR) 2 BIOSTATISTICS AND BIOINFORMATICS BRANCH 3 Aiyi Liu, Ph.D. 4 Zhen Chen, Ph.D. 5 Rajeshwari Sundaram, Ph.D. 6 EPIDEMIOLOGY BRANCH 7 Enrique F. Schisterman, Ph.D., M.A. 9 James L. Mills, MD, MS 11 Pauline Mendola, Ph.D. 12 Cuilin Zhang, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H. 13 Edwina Yeung, Ph.D., ScM 15 Sunni L. Mumford, Ph.D., M.S. 16 Katherine Laughon Grantz, M.D. 17 Fasil Tekola-Ayele, Ph.D. 18 SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES BRANCH 19 Stephen E. Gilman, ScD 21 Bruce Simons-Morton, Ed.D., M.P.H. 23 Tonja Nansel, Ph.D. 24 CONTRACEPTIVE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 25 Diana Blithe, Ph.D. 26 2018-2019 BIBLIOGRAPHY 28 2018 NICHD ANNUAL REPORT Division of Intramural Population Health Research Office of the Director MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR The mission of the Division of Intramural Population Health Research is to conduct research leading to the promotion of population health and well-being. I am privileged to be serving as the interim Division Director Another exciting avenue of research is focusing on exposures following the departure of Dr. Germaine Buck Louis in during critical and sensitive windows of human development September 2017. and their implications for future generations. It is exciting and rewarding to conduct research that not only will keep We accomplish our mission by conducting innovative etiologic people healthy across the lifespan, but the health of generations and interventional research from preconception through to come.
    [Show full text]
  • CV - Line Hjort, Phd., Msc
    CV - Line Hjort, PhD., MSc. Værnedamsvej 4A, 3. th. • 1619 København V • [email protected] • 25 78 41 08 From Assens, Fyn, Birthdate: 30.06.1985 Education Mar 2018: PhD degree: Project title: “Diabetes in pregnancy and epigenetic mechanisms”, 2nd March 2018, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University. Dec 2011: MSc. Human Biology. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University. Jun 2008: BSc. Biology. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Copenhagen University. Employments Jan 2019 – : Postdoc, Dept. of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Research of diabetes and obesity in pregnancy and its impact on offspring DNA and later health. Working with international collaborators on European, LMICs and Australian birth cohort studies. May 2018 – Jan 2019: Project manager, Sens Innovations, Copenhagen, Denmark. Research consultant at biotech company producing activity sensors for clinical studies. Aug – Oct 2018 -: Research fellow, The Epigenetics and Diabetes Research Group, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Sweden. Performing epigenetic studies in human and mouse muscle tissue/stem cell cultures. Sep 2013 – Mar 2018: PhD student, Dept. of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. - Other work responsibilities besides PhD studies: Project collaborator of Tanzanian study of anemia during pregnancy, and project assistant of Indian-Danish collaboration study in pregnancy diabetes research. Sep 2014 – May 2015: Visiting PhD student, The Cancer and Disease Epigenetics Group, Murdoch Children’s Research institute, Melbourne, Australia. Temporarily stationed at a top-experienced epigenetic laboratory, conducting epigenetic experiments and bioinformatic training including analysis of microarray data. 2011 – 2013: Research assistant, Dept. of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. - Project assistant of a NIH-funded pregnancy diabetes study in 2400 mothers and children, including performing clinical examinations and sample processing.
    [Show full text]
  • Division of Intramural Population Health Research 2015 Annual Report
    Division of Intramural Population Health Research Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 2015 Annual Report Table of Contents MESSAGE FROM GERMAINE M. BUCK LOUIS, PH.D., M.S. ..............................................................................4 OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR .........................................................................................................................6 ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON HUMAN REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT ..............................................7 Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE Study) .......................................... 8 Endometriosis: Natural History, Diagnosis and Outcomes (ENDO) Study ....................................... 11 NICHD Fetal Growth Studies ............................................................................................................. 12 Exposome of Normal Pregnancy ...................................................................................................... 13 BIOSTATISTICS AND BIOINFORMATICS BRANCH ............................................................................................ 15 Longitudinal and Correlated Data Analysis ...................................................................................... 17 Analyzing Time-to-Event Data .......................................................................................................... 18 Analysis of Biomarker Data .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]