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Samuel Johnson*S Views on Women: from His Works
SAMUEL JOHNSON*S VIEWS ON WOMEN: FROM HIS WORKS by IRIS STACEY B.A., University of British .Columbia. 1946 A Thesis submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard The University of British Columbia September, 1963 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that per• mission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly ' purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives,. It is understood that copying, or publi• cation of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of The University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, Canada. Date JjiMZ^kA- ^,/»^' ABSTRACT An examination of Samuel Johnson*s essays and his tragedy, Irene, and his Oriental tale, Rasselas, reveals that his concept of womanhood and his views on the education of woman and her role in society amount to a thorough-going criticism of the established views of eighteenth-century society. His views are in advance of those of his age. Johnson viewed the question of woman with that same practical good sense which he had brought to bear on literary criticism. It was important he said "to distinguish nature from custom: or that which is established because it was right, from that which is right only because it is established." Johnson thought that, so far as women were concerned, custom had dictated views and attitudes which reason denied. -
Introduction Botany Has Become Fashionable
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by University of Hertfordshire Research Archive Introduction Botany has become fashionable; in time it may become useful, if it be not so already.1 The stereotype of the forward, sexually precocious, female botanist made its first appearance in literature in the turbulent revolutionary climate of the 1790s, though women had, in fact, been avidly botanising earlier in the century. The emergence of this figure illustrates both the contemporary appeal, particularly to women, of the Linnaean Sexual System of botanical classification, and the anxieties surrounding female modesty it provoked. Thus, in the reactionary poem, The Unsex’d Females (1798), the Reverend Richard Polwhele warned that botanising girls, in scrutinising the sexual parts of the flower, were indulging in acts of wanton titillation. In the same year James Plumptre conceived a comic opera entitled The Lakers in which the heroine is a female botanist, ‗Miss Beccabunga Veronica of Diandria Hall‘.2 Veronica‘s precocious search for botanical specimens parallels her immodest search for a husband. With only Erasmus Darwin‘s provocative account of The Loves of the Plants (1789) to guide her, ‗she has been studying the system of plants, till she now wishes to know the system of man‘ (I.1. 2). Botany, we are reminded in the preface, ‗is by no means a proper amusement for the more polished sex‘ (xii). The botanising activities of Veronica‘s maid, Anna, suggest that the fashion for women‘s botany has, deplorably, even reached the servant classes. Anna has been learning something of Linnaean classification and she later confides to the aptly named Billy Sample that ‗all ladies who know anything study botamy [sic] now‘ (III. -
Entre Classicismo E Romantismo. Ensaios De Cultura E Literatura
Entre Classicismo e Romantismo. Ensaios de Cultura e Literatura Organização Jorge Bastos da Silva Maria Zulmira Castanheira Studies in Classicism and Romanticism 2 FLUP | CETAPS, 2013 Studies in Classicism and Romanticism 2 Studies in Classicism and Romanticism is an academic series published on- line by the Centre for English, Translation and Anglo-Portuguese Studies (CETAPS) and hosted by the central library of the Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Portugal. Studies in Classicism and Romanticism has come into being as a result of the commitment of a group of scholars who are especially interested in English literature and culture from the mid-seventeenth to the mid- nineteenth century. The principal objective of the series is the publication in electronic format of monographs and collections of essays, either in English or in Portuguese, with no pre-established methodological framework, as well as the publication of relevant primary texts from the period c. 1650–c. 1850. Series Editors Jorge Bastos da Silva Maria Zulmira Castanheira Entre Classicismo e Romantismo. Ensaios de Cultura e Literatura Organização Jorge Bastos da Silva Maria Zulmira Castanheira Studies in Classicism and Romanticism 2 FLUP | CETAPS, 2013 Editorial 2 Sumário Apresentação 4 Maria Luísa Malato Borralho, “Metamorfoses do Soneto: Do «Classicismo» ao «Romantismo»” 5 Adelaide Meira Serras, “Science as the Enlightened Route to Paradise?” 29 Paula Rama-da-Silva, “Hogarth and the Role of Engraving in Eighteenth-Century London” 41 Patrícia Rodrigues, “The Importance of Study for Women and by Women: Hannah More’s Defence of Female Education as the Path to their Patriotic Contribution” 56 Maria Leonor Machado de Sousa, “Sugestões Portuguesas no Romantismo Inglês” 65 Maria Zulmira Castanheira, “O Papel Mediador da Imprensa Periódica na Divulgação da Cultura Britânica em Portugal ao Tempo do Romantismo (1836-1865): Matérias e Imagens” 76 João Paulo Ascenso P. -
Orlando Background Ch. 3-4.Docx
Useful Background for Virginia Woolf, Orlando, ch. 3-4 p. 126 Order of the Bath: https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Most-Honourable-Order-of-the-Bath pp. 134-37 The Masque of Truth: https://www.britannica.com/art/masque pp. 142-46 Orlando’s musings about Nature: “Modern systematic philosophical aesthetics not only first emerges in the context of the Enlightenment, but also flowers brilliantly there. the eighteenth century . thinks of itself as the ‘century of philosophy’ . Philosophical aesthetics flourishes in the period because of its strong affinities with the tendencies of the age. ‘Aesthetics’ is derived from the Greek word for ‘senses’, because . a science of the beautiful would be a science of the sensible, a science of sensible cognition. The Enlightenment also enthusiastically embraces the discovery and disclosure of rational order in nature . It seems to many theorists in the Enlightenment that the faculty of taste, the faculty by which we discern beauty, reveals to us some part of this order, a distinctive harmony, unities amidst variety. Thus, in the phenomenon of aesthetic pleasure, human sensibility discloses to us rational order, thus binding together two enthusiasms of the Enlightenment.” (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/enlightenment/#BeaAesEnl) p. 167 London coffee houses: https://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/English-Coffeehouses-Penny-Universities/ p. 198 Literary salons: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bluestocking-British-literary-society Writers Orlando glimpses and/or encounters: John Dryden (d. 1700)—poet (first poet laureate of England), literary critic, translator, playwright, who dominated the literary world of the Restoration. Joseph Addison (d. 1719)—famous for founding The Spectator magazine with Richard Steele. -
MKULTR4: Very Vague and Not Well-Funded Written and Edited by Emma Laslett, Ewan Macaulay, Joey Goldman, Ben Salter, and Oli Clarke Editors 5
MKULTR4: Very Vague And Not Well-Funded Written and Edited by Emma Laslett, Ewan MacAulay, Joey Goldman, Ben Salter, and Oli Clarke Editors 5 Tossups 1. An 1841 alternative history of the Gunpowder Plot by Harrison Ainsworth imagines Guy Fawkes meeting this man and the founder of Chetham’s Library. The British Museum holds an obsidian mirror that Horace Walpole believed belonged to this man. Michael Voynich assumed that the Voynich Manuscript had been sold by this man to Rudolf II, HRE. This man is usually credited with coining the idea of the “British Empire.” Robert Hooke suggested that this man was a (*) spy due to his use of cryptography to conceal correspondence with his patron. This man’s notebooks are in the Enochian language he developed with Edward Kelley. For 10 points name this occultist and advisor to Elizabeth I. ANSWER: John Dee <JG> 2. This artist worked on an installation that takes the form of two circles connected by a large net across a river. That work designed by this artist is Tenemos and it is the first of the five planned Tees Valley Giants. This artist frequently collaborates with Cecil Balmond. A museum-goer was recently hospitalised after falling into this artist’s Descent into Limbo. This artist holds an exclusive licence for use of the extremely (*) non-reflective substance Vantablack. This artist’s massive trumpet-like Marsyas filled the Tate’s Turbine Hall in 2003. This artist of Chicago’s Cloud Gate designed a 115 meter high curvy red nonsense for the Olympic Park. For 10 points, name this artist of the ArcelorMittal Orbit. -
Adopting a Chinese Mantle: Designing and Appropriating Chineseness 1750-1820
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Adopting a Chinese Mantle Designing and Appropriating Chineseness 1750-1820 Newport, Emma Helen Henke Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 24. Sep. 2021 Adopting a Chinese Mantle: Designing and Appropriating Chineseness 1750-1820 Emma Helen Henke Newport King’s College London Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English Research 1 Abstract The thesis examines methods of imagining and appropriating China in Britain in the period 1750 to 1820. -
THE RECEPTION of MONTAGU's and BARBAULD's WORKS in the WESTMINSTER MAGAZINE1 Mónica Amenedo Costa2
Mónica Amenedo Costa The Reception of Montagu’s and Barbauld’s Works 87-100 THE RECEPTION OF MONTAGU’S AND BARBAULD’S WORKS IN THE WESTMINSTER MAGAZINE1 Mónica Amenedo Costa2 The Reception of Montagu’s and Barbauld’s Works in The Westminster Magazine Abstract: Eighteenth-century women took an active role in the field of British cultural production. At that time, periodicals were of value in providing information about literary figures and their works. This paper examines the representation of Elizabeth Montagu and Anna Letitia Barbauld in The Westminster Magazine. The main emphasis is on how these female authors were perceived and presented to the public and on how their contribution to the literary sphere was covered in the magazine. A further aim of the study is to establish the importance of periodical publications as a powerful influence on reader’s opinions and perceptions. Key words: Great Britain, eighteenth century, periodical publications, gender studies. La recepción de Montagu y Barbauld en The Westminster Magazine Resumen: Las mujeres del siglo XVIII desempeñaron un papel activo en la producción cultural británica. En aquel momento, algunas publicaciones periódicas eran de gran valor, especialmente a la hora de proporcionar información sobre autores y sus obras. Este documento examina la representación de Elizabeth Montagu y de Anna Letitia Barbauld en The Westminster Magazine. El énfasis principal recae en cómo se percibieron y presentaron al público estas dos autoras y en cómo se dio cobertura a su contribución al ámbito literario. Además, se hace hincapié en la influencia de este tipo de publicaciones en las opiniones y percepciones del lector. -
Evan Gaughan
Introduction The aim of this thesis is to reassess the role of women as significant collectors and patrons of natural history, fine arts and antiquities in the long eighteenth century.1 The agency and achievements of early modern female collectors and patrons have been largely eclipsed by histories of gentlemen virtuosi and connoisseurs, which examine patriarchal displays of collecting and patronage while overlooking and undervaluing the contributions made by their female counterparts. These works, in general, have operated within an androcentric framework and dismissed or failed to address the ways in which objects were commissioned, accumulated, or valued by those who do not fit into prevailing male-dominated narratives. Only in the last decade have certain scholars begun to take issue with this historiographical ignorance and investigated the existence and importance of a corresponding culture of collecting and patronage in which women exercised considerable authority. Most of this literature consists of limited, superficial portrayals that do not tell us much about the realities of female collecting and patronage in any given time or place. This project attempts to fill the historiographical gap through a detailed study of several of the most prominent British female collectors and patrons of the long eighteenth century and an analysis of how their experiences and activities disrupt or complicate our understanding of contemporary collecting and patronage practices. Although a significant intention of this thesis is to reveal the lack of well-focused or sustained scholarship on this topic, its primary objective is to restore women to their central place in the history of 1 For the purposes of this thesis, the eighteenth century has been expanded to embrace related historical movements that occurred in the first two and a half decades of the nineteenth century. -
Front Matter
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01316-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Women’s Writing in Britain, 1660–1789 Edited by Catherine Ingrassia Frontmatter More information the cambridge companion to women’s writing in britain, 1660–1789 Women writers played a central role in the literature and culture of eighteenth- century Britain. Featuring essays on female writers and genres by leading scho- lars in the field, this Companion introduces readers to the range, significance, and complexity of women’s writing across multiple genres in Britain between 1660 and 1789. Divided into two parts, the Companion first discusses women’s participation in print culture, featuring essays on topics such as women and popular culture, women as professional writers, women as readers and writers, and place and publication. Additionally, Part I explores the ways that women writers crossed generic boundaries. The second part contains chapters on many of the key genres in which women wrote, including poetry, drama, fiction (early and later), history, the ballad, periodicals, and travel writing. The Companion also provides an introduction surveying the state of the field, an integrated chronology, and a guide to further reading. catherine ingrassia is Professor of English at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. She is the author of Authorship, Commerce, and Gender in Eighteenth-Century England: A Culture of Paper Credit (Cambridge, 1998); editor of a critical edition of Eliza Haywood’s Anti- Pamela and Henry Fielding’s Shamela (2004); and co-editor of A Companion to the Eighteenth-Century Novel and Culture (2005) and the anthology British Women Poets of the Long Eighteenth Century (2009). -
The British Journal for the History of Science Mechanical Experiments As Moral Exercise in the Education of George
The British Journal for the History of Science http://journals.cambridge.org/BJH Additional services for The British Journal for the History of Science: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Mechanical experiments as moral exercise in the education of George III FLORENCE GRANT The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 48 / Issue 02 / June 2015, pp 195 - 212 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087414000582, Published online: 01 August 2014 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0007087414000582 How to cite this article: FLORENCE GRANT (2015). Mechanical experiments as moral exercise in the education of George III. The British Journal for the History of Science, 48, pp 195-212 doi:10.1017/ S0007087414000582 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/BJH, IP address: 130.132.173.207 on 07 Jul 2015 BJHS 48(2): 195–212, June 2015. © British Society for the History of Science 2014 doi:10.1017/S0007087414000582 First published online 1 August 2014 Mechanical experiments as moral exercise in the education of George III FLORENCE GRANT* Abstract. In 1761, George III commissioned a large group of philosophical instruments from the London instrument-maker George Adams. The purchase sprang from a complex plan of moral education devised for Prince George in the late 1750s by the third Earl of Bute. Bute’s plan applied the philosophy of Frances Hutcheson, who placed ‘the culture of the heart’ at the foundation of moral education. To complement this affective development, Bute also acted on seventeenth-century arguments for the value of experimental philosophy and geometry as exercises that habituated the student to recognizing truth, and to pursuing it through long and difficult chains of reasoning. -
The Life of the Female Mind: Hester Mulso Chapone and the Gendered Rhetoric of Experience
The Life of the Female Mind: Hester Mulso Chapone and the Gendered Rhetoric of Experience Bethany Mannon Abstract: This article studies the writings of Hester Mulso Chapone (1727-1801) a prolific member of the late-eighteenth century Bluestocking circle. Working within genres traditionally available to women, most notably the conversational rhetoric of letters, Chapone advocates for an expanded social role and rhetorical education for young women. These letters later circulated publicly as Letters on Filial Obedience (1751) and Letters on the Improvement of the Mind (1773). Chapone’s participation in a tradition of feminist writing deserves attention be- cause of her success foregrounding personal experience as a source of authority and deploying personal writing to persuade, inform, and confront prevailing power structures. Keywords: Conversational Rhetoric, Feminist Rhetoric, Life Writing, Bluestockings Hester Mulso Chapone (1727-1801) wrote prolifically in the eighteenth century and, together with the writers Elizabeth Montagu, Catharine Macaulay, Charlotte Lennox, Elizabeth Carter, Sarah Scott, Hannah More, and Frances Burney, influenced British intellectual culture. A member of this Bluestocking generation, Chapone was known during her life for her essays, letters, conver- sation, poetry, and advice on the education of young women. She maintained a reputation as an intellectual moralist into the nineteenth century, as her writings continued to be widely printed and read. Chapone worked within the genres of letters and conduct books—traditionally accessible to women—but expanded those genres to confront eighteenth-century notions of virtue and education. Her Letters on Filial Obedience (1751) and Letters on the Improvement of the Mind (1773) foreground her youth and femininity; she performs a Peitho Journal: Vol. -
Cavendish the Experimental Life
Cavendish The Experimental Life Revised Second Edition Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge Series Editors Ian T. Baldwin, Gerd Graßhoff, Jürgen Renn, Dagmar Schäfer, Robert Schlögl, Bernard F. Schutz Edition Open Access Development Team Lindy Divarci, Georg Pflanz, Klaus Thoden, Dirk Wintergrün. The Edition Open Access (EOA) platform was founded to bring together publi- cation initiatives seeking to disseminate the results of scholarly work in a format that combines traditional publications with the digital medium. It currently hosts the open-access publications of the “Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge” (MPRL) and “Edition Open Sources” (EOS). EOA is open to host other open access initiatives similar in conception and spirit, in accordance with the Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the sciences and humanities, which was launched by the Max Planck Society in 2003. By combining the advantages of traditional publications and the digital medium, the platform offers a new way of publishing research and of studying historical topics or current issues in relation to primary materials that are otherwise not easily available. The volumes are available both as printed books and as online open access publications. They are directed at scholars and students of various disciplines, and at a broader public interested in how science shapes our world. Cavendish The Experimental Life Revised Second Edition Christa Jungnickel and Russell McCormmach Studies 7 Studies 7 Communicated by Jed Z. Buchwald Editorial Team: Lindy Divarci, Georg Pflanz, Bendix Düker, Caroline Frank, Beatrice Hermann, Beatrice Hilke Image Processing: Digitization Group of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science Cover Image: Chemical Laboratory.