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Managing Human Resources in Health Care Organizations 1345.frontmatter 5/1/06 9:52 AM Page i Managing Human Resources in Health Care Organizations Leiyu Shi, DrPH, MBA, MPA Co-Director Primary Care Policy Center for Underserved Populations Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Health Policy and Management 1345.frontmatter 5/1/06 9:52 AM Page ii World Headquarters Jones and Bartlett Publishers Jones and Bartlett Publishers Jones and Bartlett Publishers 40 Tall Pine Drive Canada International Sudbury, MA 01776 6339 Ormindale Way Barb House, Barb Mews 978-443-5000 Mississauga, Ontario L5V 1J2 London W6 7PA [email protected] CANADA UK www.jbpub.com Jones and Bartlett’s books and products are available through most bookstores and online book- sellers. To contact Jones and Bartlett Publishers directly, call 800-832-0034, fax 978-443-8000, or visit our website www.jbpub.com. Substantial discounts on bulk quantities of Jones and Bartlett’s publications are available to corporations, professional associations, and other qualified organizations. For details and specific discount information, contact the special sales department at Jones and Bartlett via the above contact information or send an email to [email protected]. Copyright © 2007 by Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Managing human resources in health care organizations / [edited by] Leiyu Shi. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-7637-2997-4 (pbk.) ISBN-10: 0-7637-2997-3 1. Health facilities—United States—Personnel management. I. Shi, Leiyu. [DNLM: 1. Personnel Management. 2. Health Facilities—organization & administration. WX 159 M266 2006] RA971.35.M268 2006 362.1068Ј3—dc22 2006010088 6048 Production Credits Publisher: Michael Brown Associate Editor: Kylah Goodfellow McNeill Production Director: Amy Rose Production Editor: Renée Sekerak Marketing Manager: Sophie Fleck Manufacturing Buyer: Amy Bacus Composition: ATLIS Graphics Cover Design: Kristin E. Ohlin Printing and Binding: Malloy, Inc. Cover Printing: Malloy, Inc. Printed in the United States of America 1009080706 10987654321 4062 1345.frontmatter 5/1/06 9:52 AM Page iii Contents Chapter 1 Human Resources in the Healthcare Sector . .1 Leiyu Shi and Sarah Lindstrom Healthcare Human Resources . .4 Physicians . .5 Dentists . .6 Pharmacists . .7 Allied Health Workers . .8 Nonphysician Practitioners . .9 Nurses . .10 Human Resources: Functions . .10 Strategic Planning . .11 Recruitment and Selection . .11 Retention . .11 Compensation and Benefits . .11 Performance Evaluation . .12 Training and Education . .12 Legal and Regulatory Issues . .12 Human Resources: Challenges . .14 Increasing Demand . .14 Outdated System . .15 Erosion in Caring and Personal Touch . .15 Increased Dissatisfaction . .16 Shortages and Surpluses . .16 Physician Shortage/Surplus . .18 Provider Maldistribution . .18 Provider Diversity . .19 Emphasis on Efficiency . .19 iii 1345.frontmatter 5/1/06 9:52 AM Page iv iv CONTENTS Uses of Electronic Medical Records . .20 Medical Errors . .20 The Legal Environment . .20 Federal Equal Employment Opportunity Laws . .20 General Employment Laws . .21 Benefits . .22 Safety . .22 Health-Related Regulations . .23 Major Human Resource’s Issues in the Healthcare Setting . .23 The Public Sector (Chapter 4) . .23 The Public Health Sector (Chapter 5) . .23 Integrated Delivery Systems (Chapter 6) . .24 Managed Care Organizations (Chapter 7) . .24 Hospitals (Chapter 8) . .24 Long-term Care Facilities (Chapter 9) . .25 Community Health Centers (Chapter 10) . .25 Physician Practices (Chapter 11) . .25 Public Health Clinics (Chapter 12) . .26 The Future of Healthcare Delivery . .26 References . .27 Chapter 2 The Practice of Human Resources Management in the 21st-Century Healthcare Organization . .31 Steven D. Berkshire Current Issues . .31 The Challenge of Finding and Retaining Competent People . .36 Compensation and Benefits Issues . .39 Legislative and Regulatory Environments . .41 Title VII and Other “Rights” . .44 Compliance Functions . .46 Safety . .47 Where Does Human Resources Go from Here? . .48 References . .49 1345.frontmatter 5/1/06 9:52 AM Page v C ONTENTS v Chapter 3 Essential Components of Human Resources Practices and Management . .51 Mark Burns Organizational Elements of Human Resources in Healthcare Organizations . .52 Leadership . .52 Motivation . .53 Organizational Culture . .54 Communication and Information Processing . .55 Environmental Influences . .56 Design . .57 Human Resources and Diversity Issues . .58 Human Resources Functions . .58 Strategic Human Resources Management . .59 Recruitment and Selection . .60 Contract/Agreement . .62 Training And Education . .63 Retention . .64 Performance Evaluation . .65 Compensation . .66 Legal/Regulatory Issues and Compliance . .67 The Role of Human Resources Administration in Supporting Functions . .68 Conclusion . .69 References . .69 Chapter 4 Human Resources Practice in the Public Sector . .73 Harold R. Griffin Introduction . .74 Overview of the Setting . .75 Qualifications of Human Resources Administrators . .75 Issues in HRM Administration . .76 Recruitment and Selection . .80 Retention . .81 Compensation . .81 Benefits . .84 Performance Management . .88 1345.frontmatter 5/1/06 9:52 AM Page vi vi CONTENTS Training and Education . .90 Unionization . .91 Conclusion . .93 References . .95 Chapter 5 General Principles of Human Resources Management in Public Health Settings . .99 Lloyd Greene Introduction . .100 Overview of the Setting . .101 Roles . .101 The Work Environment and Public Health Programs . .101 Trends in Public Health Human Resources Management . .101 Recruitment and Selection . .104 Regulatory and Legal Issues in Employment . .104 Design and Implementation of Recruitment Processes . .106 Recruitment Challenges and Opportunities in Public Health Strategies . .107 Employee Safety . .110 Compensation and Benefits . .111 Employee Relations . .112 Legal Framework . .112 Managing Relationships and Employee Relations Programs . .114 Training and Education . .115 Core Competencies for Public Health Professionals . .116 Strategic Planning . .119 Conclusion . .121 References . .121 Chapter 6 Managing Human Resources in an Integrated Healthcare System . .125 Kanak Gautam Introduction . .126 1345.frontmatter 5/1/06 9:52 AM Page vii C ONTENTS vii Overview of the Setting . .127 The Human Resources Function in an HIS . .129 The Role of Corporate HR During HIS Formation . .130 Beyond Systems Formation: Formulating and Implementing Corporate HR Policies . .132 Strategic Planning . .132 Policies Related to Strategic HR Planning and Information Systems . .133 Recruitment . .134 Selection . .136 Retention . .137 Training and Education . .139 Performance Management . .143 Compensation . .145 Physician Compensation . .148 Benefits . .150 Unionization . .152 Conclusion.
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